Candidate Number
Candidate Name
JUNIOR SECONDARY CERTIFICATE
ENGLISH SECOND LANGUAGE
1131/1
PAPER 1 Reading and Directed Writing
2 hours
Marks 50
2013
No additional materials are required.
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES
•
•
•
•
•
Candidates answer on the Question Paper in the spaces provided.
Write your Candidate Number and Name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use correction fluid.
Do not write in the margin For Examiner's Use.
•
Answer all questions.
•
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
For Examiner's Use
Section A
Section B
Total
Marker
Checker
This document consists of 19 printed pages.
Republic of Namibia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
© MoE/DNEA
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SECTION A: READING SKILLS
Part 1
Read the following advertisement and then answer the questions on the next page.
No Personal Computer (PC)? Get web TV
Now you can surf the internet by using your TV – just plug in the Vodafone
Webbox.
Love the web, but do not own a PC? Then the Vodafone Webbox is for
you – it does away with the need for pricey PCs, laptops and landlines,
even credit checks. You simply plug the terminal directly into your TV and
it connects you to the internet. Just like that.
How does it work? The Vodafone Webbox is not a PC, but rather a
keyboard with a built-in internet modem that connects to the Vodacom
network. So you can surf, send or receive mail and listen to music by
using your TV as a monitor. You can even store images and videos on
the two-gigabyte memory card supplied.
There is more good news – the Vodafone Webbox is the most
affordable way of getting connected to the internet at home. The
once-off amount you have to pay includes 100 megabytes every 30
days for a year, a 2-gigabyte memory card and a SIM card. And
because it is prepaid there are no nasty surprises or expensive data
bills at the end of the month.
State-of-the-art software comes as standard. Thanks to the Androide
operating system and the Vodafone Opera Mini Internet browser, web
pages load fast and cheaply. It has never been simpler to get connected.
The Vodafone Webbox opens up a world of possibilities for schoolchildren,
students and families. And if you are one of those people who like to
update their profile every hour, good news is that Facebook and YouTube
are pre-installed for even quicker access. Plus, you get a host of great
applications such as games, weather, an FM radio and even SMS
functionality.
The Vodafone Webbox is easy to buy, easy to connect and easy to use.
It makes the internet accessible to everybody!
(Taken and adapted from You, August 2011)
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3
1
For
Examiner’s
Use
What is the name of the device you can buy to use with your television set for
easy internet access?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
2
Apart from listening to music and storing images and videos, what else can you
do on the internet with this device?
(i) .......................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) .......................................................................................................................[1]
3
In addition to the 2-gigabyte memory card and the 100 megabytes every 30 days,
what will you get for the amount you have to pay when you buy this device?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
4
Apart from the Vodafone Opera Mini Internet browser what else will help you to
download information from the internet fast and cheap?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
5
Name the two websites which are pre-installed to give you easy access to the
internet.
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[6]
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4
Part 2
Read the following text and answer the questions on the next page. Tick () the
box next to the correct answer.
The Dangers of Smoking
Smoking will claim more than eight million lives a year by 2030, the World
Health Organisation warns.
Crime, road accidents and natural disasters pose a threat to our lives –
but smoking is an even bigger killer. Every year tobacco claims the lives
of about six million people worldwide.
In America, Britain and Canada smoking causes more deaths than murder,
suicide, cocaine, alcohol, fire and road accidents combined. In South
Africa more than 44 000 people die of smoking-related diseases annually.
Yet many, including young people, still take up smoking or continue the
habit despite knowing the risks. There is good news though – according
to the National Health Laboratory Service the number of smokers has
declined by 20% since 1994.
The History of Tobacco
Tobacco was used in America before the first European settlers arrived
there. They were introduced to smoking and in turn passed the habit
on to people in Europe. Native Americans used tobacco for trading and
smoked peace pipes during traditional ceremonies. They believed it was
sacred and that the smoke they exhaled carried their thoughts and prayers
to heaven.
After the American Civil War (1861 – 1865) the use of tobacco and
especially smoking cigars was regarded as a sign of masculinity and
influence in the Western World. In the 20th century smoking was exposed
as a health hazard and subjected to restrictions.
Producing Tobacco
One gram of tobacco seeds contains about 12 000 seeds. The seeds
are extremely tiny and nurtured in specially prepared seed beds before
being transplanted. Tobacco is harvested annually, using one of the
oldest methods of harvesting. The entire plant is cut at the base of its
stem using a tobacco knife and leaves are hung in a packing shed to dry.
Alternatively the leaves are picked individually by hand – they ripen from
the ground upwards – and then dried.
JSC 2013, English Second Language Paper 1
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The leaves must be carefully cured as this determines the texture, colour
and quality of the tobacco. During curing, starch in the leaves is converted
into sugar and the green leaves gradually turn to varying shades of brown.
Tobacco can be cured by air, fire or the sun, or in special ovens. If left
in a well-ventilated shed tobacco leaves take four to eight weeks to cure.
At this stage the leaves contain little sugar and a high level of nicotine.
Sun-cured tobacco contains little sugar and nicotine and is used to make
cigarettes in mostly Greece, Turkey and other Mediterranean countries.
Smoking is harmful
Nicotine is one of the substances that makes smoking tobacco harmful to
humans. It is a toxic, liquid stimulant found in tobacco leaves. Nicotine
causes people to become dependent on or addicted to smoking. Although
nicotine is a tranquilliser it also stimulates the release of adrenaline into
the bloodstream and causes your blood pressure to go up.
Another ingredient in cigarettes is tar which irritates the respiratory
system and often contributes to lung cancer. The carbon monoxide in
smoke is absorbed into the bloodstream in the lungs where it binds with
haemoglobin and prevents it from providing tissue with oxygen. This can
result in arteriosclerosis (thickening of the arteries) which in turn can lead
to heart attacks and strokes. The inhaled smoke damages the lungs as
smoke particles irritate the airways, producing excessive mucus. Smoke
also destroys the walls of the alveoli – grape-like sacs in the lungs where
oxygen and carbon monoxide is exchanged – and prevents them from
functioning properly.
Young people and smoking
Experts warn of the effects of cigarettes on the health and performance
of young people. Smoking affects the respiratory system, your lungs in
particular, and you become addicted to nicotine. Your physical fitness is
affected and you do not have as much energy as before so you can do
less. Athletes immediately notice a decline in their performance if they
smoke as it affects their lung capacity. Smoking increases your heart
rate and also results in a smoker’s cough. Research shows teens who
smoke are three to five times more inclined to drink alcohol than their nonsmoking peers.
(Taken and adapted from You, May 2012)
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For
Examiner’s
Use
Put a tick () in the box next to the correct answer to complete each statement.
1
The World Health Organisation warns against tobacco smoking because
A crime, alcohol, fire and road accidents and natural disasters pose an equal threat to human lives as smoking.
B in America, Britain and Canada many people die due to murder, suicide and road accidents.
C in South Africa more than 44 000 people die of smoking-related diseases annually.
D it claims about six million lives annually and by 2030 it will claim eight million lives every year.
[1]
2
History shows that tobacco was first used by
A European settlers.
B native Americans.
C people in Europe.
D people in the Western World.
3
[1]
Cigarette smoking is regarded as a health hazard because
A one grain of tobacco seeds contains 12 000 tiny seeds, nurtured in seed beds.
B sun-cured tobacco leaves contain little sugar and high levels of nicotine.
C tobacco contains a toxic liquid, called nicotine, which is addictive.
D tobacco leaves, when cured, contain high levels of sugar and nicotine.
4
[1]
Nicotine in cigarettes is harmful because
A it causes high blood pressure that causes heart attacks or strokes.
B it contains tar which irritates the respiratory system.
C it is a toxic liquid that is regarded as a stimulant and tranquilliser.
D it stimulates the release of adrenaline in the bloodstream.
5
[1]
The tar in tobacco is harmful on the human body because
A it aggravates the breathing system.
B it causes heart attacks.
C it causes low blood pressure.
D it causes severe headaches. JSC 2013, English Second Language Paper 1
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7
6
Tick the box next to the statement that is false.
Young people who smoke are warned against smoking because
For
Examiner’s
Use
A smoking affects the respiratory system and they become addicted to cigarettes.
B teens who smoke are inclined to drink three to four times more than usual.
C their physical fitness is affected and their energy levels decline.
D young athletes become less fit and do not perform well in sports.
[1]
[6]
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Part 3
Read the following text and answer the questions that follow.
RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Wind, water and solar power can be used to meet our electricity needs.
Today we have non-renewable resources and renewable resources in
the world that can be used to our benefit. Non-renewable resources are
resources taken from Earth and cannot be replaced. They will eventually
run out, possibly with catastrophic consequences for humanity.
What is a renewable resource?
Renewable resources are any natural resources used at a slower rate
than they are generated. They include living reserves such as fish and
forests, which could last forever if they are not overexploited. Other
natural resources such as wind, water and sun could help to generate
energy. This kind of energy is called renewable energy.
Wind energy
An innovative way of generating power without using fossil fuel energy
such as coal is to use wind power. Environmental organisations and many
other institutions and individuals support this form of power generation
because it is considered “clean”. Clean energy refers to electricity
generated in a way that does not pollute the environment.
Part of the renewable energy strategy formulated by South Africa’s largest
suppliers of energy, Eskom, is to provide 1 600 megawatt of renewable
energy by 2025.
The Western Cape is the ideal area for wind farms because the wind –
especially the notorious strong southeaster – blows a lot in the area. In
2002 a pilot wind farm was set up at Klipheuwel near Cape Town. This
trial project was the forerunner of the wind farm at Darling, 70 km from
Cape Town, the only other significant wind farm in South Africa. Wind
farm turbines have a limited life span, but Klipheuwel farm should be in
use until at least 2026.
The Darling project was South Africa’s first commercial wind farm. It
boasts four 50-metre-high Danish-designed wind turbines with a blade
span of 31 metres. Eskom has been selling the power generated there
since 2008.
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Wind energy projects are not as advanced in the rest of South Africa.
Mainstream Renewable Power South Africa (Mainstream SA) bought
land for eight wind farms last year, but the projects have been put on
hold because the government’s integrated resources plan is not ready
yet. This means the government cannot give companies guarantees that
it will buy energy from their projects.
Solar energy
South Africa has among the highest levels of sunshine in the World. But
very little has been done to use its power to generate electricity. This is
cause for concern as scientists believe solar energy could become the
only alternative when Earth’s fossil fuels are exhausted. However, it is
predicted that more than 2.5 per cent of the world’s electricity needs will
be provided by solar energy by 2025.
In the wake of the power black-out crisis South Africa faced in 2011, Eskom
decided to go ahead with plans to build a 100 megawatt solar power
facility near Upington. This area is ideal for this purpose as it experiences
very little cloudy weather and has the world’s highest average of sunny
days a year.
Although this is an expensive way to generate power Eskom is confident
the electricity that is finally generated at the facility can be sold at about
R22.50/watt, compared with R10/watt for power generated by coal
stations. An environmental impact study was completed and the project
should be running from 2012.
Solar power is used on a small scale by South Africans. Many people
have installed solar panels on the roofs of their homes and are effectively
using solar energy for electricity. Some traffic lights and road signs also
use solar energy.
(Taken and adapted from You, June 2011)
1
What is the difference between non-renewable and renewable resources?
(a) non-renewable: .............................................................................................
(b) renewable:.....................................................................................................[2]
2
Apart from wind, water and the sun, name two other examples of natural
resources given in the text.
..............................................................................................................................[2]
3
Why do environmental organisations prefer renewable energy to energy
generated from fossil fuels?
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
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10
4
For
Examiner’s
Use
What would Eskom in South Africa like to achieve in 12 years in terms of
renewable energy?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
5
From which country do the wind turbines come that are used for the Darling
wind farm project?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
6
Why were the wind energy projects of Mainstream SA put on hold?
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
7
Say whether the following statement is True or False. Give a reason for your
answer.
South African companies use the high levels of sunshine in the country to
generate solar energy.
..............................
[1]
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
8Quote one word from the text that has more or less the same meaning as
“drained” or “spent”.
..............................................................................................................................[1]
9
Why, according to the text, is the area around Upington ideal to generate solar
energy?
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
10 Will solar energy generated at Upington be cheaper or more expensive for
consumers? Give a reason for your answer.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
11 How do South Africans, who installed solar panels on the roofs of their homes,
save energy?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[16 ÷ 2 = 8]
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Part 4
Read the following text and answer the questions that follow.
The icy continent: ANTARCTICA
It is one of the toughest environments on earth – but this continent holds
endless attraction.
Of all the continents, Antarctica is the coldest, windiest and driest, even though
90% of the world’s ice is found there. This strange ice desert stretches across
the South Pole and its closest landmasses are South America, Australia, then
South Africa. It’s so cold and inhospitable, the only people who live there are
staff at various countries’ research stations – and many of them leave in winter.
Antarctica
The name means “opposite of north ‒ that is south”. It comes from the Greek
word “antarktikos”, which means “the opposite of arktikos”. That, in turn, comes
from the ancient Greek word for “bear”, the name given to a constellation in
the northern sky. This constellation gave the Arctic or northern-most part of the
earth its name.
Antarctica is the third-smallest continent after Europe and Australia with a
surface area of 14 million km². About 98% of that area is covered in ice. The
average thickness of the icecap is 2 200 m and at its thickest point the ice is 4
776 m – almost 5 km deep.
Most of the ice is millions of years old but the whole of Antarctica hasn't always
been covered in ice. In 1949 a British-Swedish expedition discovered that
large parts of it, such as Queen Maudland, had been ice-free until about 10
000 BC.
Scientists at the South African research ship the SA Agulhas report that
Antarctica is not just the coldest and driest of all the continents, but its average
height above sea level is also the highest. It is sometimes called a desert
because it conforms to the definition: a place that receives less than 254
mm (about the length of your thumb) of rainfall or other precipitation such
as snowfall a year. In Antarctica there is about 50 mm of precipitation in the
interior, less than in the Sahara Desert. There is more precipitation at the coast
where the total is about 200 mm.
Every year engineers and scientists undertake the journey to the distant south
aboard the SA Agulhas to take supplies to the South African base and use
the short summer to perform scientific experiments and ensure the base is
well maintained. In summer the base houses up to 80 people, but only 10
remain for the winter to ensure the research instruments and base are kept
in good condition. In the cold, dark winter months, the ice packs tightly
around the continent so ships can sail there only during the warmer months
from December until the end of February. South African scientists have been
undertaking scientific research projects on Antarctica for the past 50 years.
(Taken and adapted from You, August 2010)
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1
Write down a word that has more or less the same meaning as attraction
(1st paragraph).
..............................................................................................................................[1]
2
Write down a word from the text that has the opposite meaning of not inviting/
not friendly.
..............................................................................................................................[1]
3
From which country do the Greeks come?
..............................................................................................................................[1]
4
Write the underlined word in the following sentence out in full.
The whole of Antarctica hasn’t always been covered in ice.
..............................................................................................................................[1]
5
Rewrite the following sentence, starting with:
Scientists reported, “Antarctica …
Scientists report that Antarctica is not just the coldest and driest of all the
continents, but it is also the highest above sea level.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
6
Find a word in the text that means rain or snow or hail (paragraph 5).
..............................................................................................................................[1]
7
Rewrite the following sentence in active voice, starting with the underlined
words.
Every year engineers and scientists undertake the journey aboard the SA
Agulhas to take supplies to the South African base.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]
8
Rewrite the following sentence in Past Perfect Tense starting with:
Last winter South African scientists …
South African scientists have been undertaking research projects on Antarctica.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
[10]
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13
SECTION B
Part 1
Use the information below to complete the application form.
Annette Jones saw an advertisement on Lifestyle Banking from a Bank
in Namibia in a magazine which convinced her that this modern way of
banking is a solution for her after she badly injured her right arm in an
accident. She asked Johan Engelbrecht, her best friend’s son, to help her
complete the form on the next page.
Annette prefers Cellphone Banking to Online Banking or ATM Banking
because she can buy airtime for herself or her son, make payments, check
her account balances and do transfers, all from her phone. Although
Online Banking gives her the opportunity to do her banking from the
comfort of her home on her computer, she will need to take her laptop with
her wherever she goes. This will be difficult with her arm in a cast. ATM
banking is equally convenient, but she has to drive to the bank, which she
would not be able to do for a while.
Annette lives at 110 Industrial Street, Gobabis. Her address is P.O.
Box 2160, Gobabis. Her e-mail address is [email protected]
She was born in 1965 and never married. She is a teacher at the local
Primary School and makes use of the Bank’s Debit and Credit Card
facilities. She would like to do the abovementioned activities from her
Debit Card.
She asked Johan to e-mail her application to www.banknamibia.com.na
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Lifestyle Banking:
For
Examiner’s
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INVESTORS BANK
APPLICATION FORM
Please complete this form in capital letters where applicable
Full Names: ........................................................................................................[1]
Postal Address: ...................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
E-mail address: ...................................................................................................[1]
Occupation: ........................................................................................................[1]
Age: .................................................... Sex: .....................................................[2]
Tick () the correct box:
SingleMarriedDivorced
[1]
Life Style Banking: Tick () the box next to the option you prefer to use:
Online Banking
Cellphone Banking
ATM Banking
[1]
Give one reason, in a sentence of 8 words, why you prefer your option of choice.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[1]
How will you pay? Select one option below.
Tick () the appropriate box:
Debit CardCredit CardSmart Card
[1]
[10 ÷ 2 = 5]
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15
Part 2
Read the text below and write notes on the next page about the reasons why
some people are afraid of digital technology and why other people welcome the
challenges of digital technology.
Keyed In
Why are some people so afraid of digital technology? They are often
people who are naturally afraid of the new, challenged by the discomfort
of being moved from the known, the safe, the predictable – in short, their
comfort zone. They take the view “if it works, why change it?” Mostly it is
older people, who, because they are less familiar with digital technology,
are suspicious and afraid of it. But what are they afraid of?
Other people are really excited by new things. They are excited by the
possibility of the unknown, what the expanding universe can really do for
them. They want to grab the future with both hands and make it happen.
As you know, we already have technology that has revolutionised human
experience and the way we live. The microscope opened up new worlds
and the telescope lets us look at ones that we had not seen before. If
people stopped learning maths tables when calculators came in, that was
because something better came along. People did not stop using their
brains; they just used their brains for different things like inventing the Net!
This revolutionised the way we communicate and might revolutionise the
way we learn and think.
But there are still some people who are really worried that digital technology
will diminish our mental capacities. I think the opposite is true. I agree with
those who can see that by using digital technology and the human brain
together, human beings can become even more intelligent. Adventurous
people will want to see whether that can happen. They will want to know
where we can go, whether we can solve the riddles of the universe, find
cures faster, find ways of preserving the planet, end war and violence.
People everywhere can lead happy, safe and fulfilling lives in a free and
peaceful world. It might be a dream – but we need dreams, and digital
technology is the tool to achieve these dreams in the modern world. Why
do you not want it in your life?
Global shopping, online banking, working out the itinerary of your holiday,
and that is not to mention Facebook and keeping in touch and keeping up:
these are fantastic advantages which have already proved themselves.
Sure, some people stress about privacy issues, but these issues can be
resolved. Besides, privacy issues are not restricted to the Net.
Bring it on, I say. It is all about getting faster and being more efficient,
staying in touch and connected. The future is here now, and I like the look
of it.
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For
Examiner’s
Use
Write notes:
Why are some people afraid of digital technology?
• ........................................................................................................................
• ........................................................................................................................
• ........................................................................................................................[3]
What are the advantages of digital technology?
• ........................................................................................................................
• ........................................................................................................................
• ........................................................................................................................
• ........................................................................................................................
[4]
[7]
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17
Part 3
Read the text below and answer the question on the next page.
The Real Success Story
Defining success is not always dependent on the car you drive or the
clothes you wear. The real rewards of accomplishment come from
within.
I have always been interested in very successful people. I am curious to
know what makes them succeed where most others do not. Almost every
success story is so different from the next one. Some successful people
are educated, while others are not. Some were born into money, while
most were not. Some are distinctly religious, while others do not even
believe that there is a higher power. These differences make it difficult to
come up with a formula for success.
However, when you take a closer look at successful people, despite their
differences, we can still find certain things that are common amongst them.
For example, those who are the best at what they do embrace hard work
and personal sacrifices. You cannot become a world champion at anything
without spending hours on end developing your craft and perfecting your
skills. I believe it should be helpful at this point to say that there cannot
be a one-size-fits-all definition of success for everyone. What is success
for one person may not be success for another.
True success does not come from the outside; it has to come from within.
However, each person’s definition is important to them and they should
not apologise for wanting what they want.
There is one thing that all successful people have in common: at some
point in their lives they find themselves at the right place at the right time,
doing the right thing with the right people. Granted, they are talented,
hardworking and probably have many excellent attributes, the reality is
that if they had not been where they were, they would not have become
successful.
Do you know or remember Joseph in the Bible? He was a Hebrew slave
who eventually became the prime minister in Egypt. How do you go from
being a slave to becoming the prime minister overnight? He was in the
right place (prison) at the right time, with the right people (the baker and
the cup bearer of the pharaoh).
Great success is often hidden in failure and the unexciting parts of life,
while miracles are usually disguised as great challenges, conflicts and
difficulties. I also believe that success is dependent on factors and forces
which you have no real control over. Many people simply credit their
gifts, skills or abilities that led them to success. So once they achieve
greatness in a certain field, they spend the rest of their lives trying to
outdo themselves and others – only to fail miserably.
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With that being said, the rewards of success are tangible (can be seen,
touched and smelt), but success in itself is not. You do not have to have a
huge bank balance or a business empire to be a success; you just need to
be the right person, at the right place, doing the right thing, with the right
people. You can be a success right now – it only takes a moment – but
the rewards of success will eventually follow, and it will take a lifetime to
enjoy them.
(Taken and adapted from Bona, December 2011)
Based on the text above, write a letter to a friend and give him/her advice about
what to do to be successful. Your letter should be about 150 words in length. Do
not write an address. Use only the information in the text to answer the question.
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Dear………………….
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
[8]
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