Building Background for Bud, not Buddy A novel by Christopher Paul Curtis Lori Guidry Fall 2014 CIEP 475 Workshop-Teaching with Primary Sources Unit Topic Great Depression, 1929-1940 Essential Question How did living during the Great Depression affect people? Background Students will be completing a novel study for Bud, not Buddy written by Christopher Paul Curtis. This unit was designed to build background knowledge about the time period during the Great Depression 19291940. This unit fit within the Chicago Public Schools Social Science Curriculum Framework for fourth grade quarter 3. The theme of the CPS Social Science Curriculum Framework discusses U.S. Regional Movement and culture specifically Illinois and the Midwest region. Although this novel takes place in Flint, Michigan students will be able to understand that the Great Depression affected everyone living in the United States including Illinois and the Midwest region. Students will also understand that Michigan and Illinois are in the same region. This unit was designed for my fourth grade class, but it can be adapted to meet the needs of 3rd-5th grade students as needed. The students in my fourth grade classroom have come with varying levels and learning styles. They are used to working in collaborative groups and follow team building norms they created for themselves. There are 22 students in my general education classroom. I have one student that is included in my class for Reading and Math. This unit was designed to incorporate Reading and Social Studies content. Table of Contents Lesson 1: Building Background with a Gallery Walk ........................................................................…...3 Resources for Lesson ……………………………………………………………………….………………………………………….….5 Lesson 2: Close Reading of “I'd Rather Not Be on Relief” …………………………………………………………..…… 15 Resources for Lesson 2…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..… 17 Lesson 3: Comparing Theme: “Wasted Life Blues” and “I'd Rather Not Be on Relief”…….………………… 24 Resources for Lesson 3………………...……………………………………………………………………………………………….... 27. 1 LESSON ONE Essential Question: What was the Great Depression? Building Background for Bud, Not Buddy: The Great Depression Overview Students will work in groups to develop an understanding of the events in the Great Depression. They will work in groups to complete a “Gallery Walk” and use discussion techniques to come up with a prediction about what happened during the Great Depression. The “Gallery Walk” will consist of 6 photos from the Library of Congress. This is a lesson developed to build background for the novel Bud, Not Buddy. Objectives Students will complete a “Gallery Walk” to observe images of the Great Depression. They will use and complete an “ORQ” graphic organizer to record observations, reflections and questions. Students will work with their group to come up with a prediction about the Great Depression and complete an exit slip. Standards (State and Common Core) CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.4.8 Recall relevant information from experiences or gather relevant information from print and digital sources; take notes and categorize information, and provide a list of sources. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.4.1 Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. Illinois Learning Standard-SOCIAL EMOTIONAL LEARNING (SEL) 2C.2b. Analyze ways to work effectively in groups Time Required One 60 minute class period Recommended Grade Range 3rd-5th grade Subject/Topic Social Studies, Social Emotional Learning (SEL) PREPARATION Materials Used For students: For teacher: ORQ Organizer (Observe, Reflect, Question) Exit Slip (copied on the back of the ORQ) Internet access Chart paper to write down student ideas. Document camera or Overhead projector to show example ORQ Photos displayed around the classroom or hallway for the “Gallery Walk”. Label the photos with a letter or number to correspond with the ORQ graphic organizer that students will use Photo to “Hook” students http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8b29525/ 2 Identical Number cards (or shapes, etc) to heterogeneously put students in groups (SEL). Before the lesson, pass out cards (or shapes, etc.) to students and tell them to keep up with them for the lesson. Make sure to have enough cards, etc. for each student group Jazz music to play during “Gallery Walk” Resources Used The following primary sources used in this lesson are as follows: Title: Hooverville. Portland, Oregon URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8b27933/ Author/Creator: Rothstein, Arthur, 1915-1985, photographer Date: 1936 July Title: Bayou Bourbeau plantation, a FSA cooperative, Natchitoches, La. A Negro family (?) seated on the porch of a house URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsac.1a34359/ Author/Creator: Wolcott, Marion Post, 1910-1990, photographer Date: 1940 August Title: Migrant mother. URL: http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8b29516/ Author/Creator: Lange, Dorothea, photographer Date: 1936 Feb. Title: Evicted sharecropper boy URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8a10441/ Author/Creator: Rothstein, Arthur, 1915-1985, photographer Date: 1939 Jan Title: Mississippi Delta Negro children URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8b29649/ Author/Creator: Lange, Dorothea, photographer Date: 1936 July. Title: The Band at the Savoy Ballroom URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8c00885/ Author/Creator: Lee, Russell, 1903-1986, photographer Date: 1941 Apr Hook Photo: Title: Migrant Agricultural Worker URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8b29525/ Author/Creator: Lange, Dorothea, photographer Date: 1936 Feb. PROCEDURE 1. Teacher will show students a photo to “hook” students. Teacher will tell students about the photo. Teacher will ask the students to “turn and talk” to their partner about the 3 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. photo. Teacher will monitor student conversations focused around the photograph. (5 minutes) Teacher will begin with a brief discussion about the Great Depression era and tell students that they will build background to their novel study of “Bud, Not Buddy”. (5 minutes) Teacher will explain to that they will work in groups to complete a “Gallery Walk”. Teacher will explain to students what a “Gallery Walk” is by comparing it to being in a museum. (3 minutes) Teacher will review with students the procedure for completing a “Photo Analysis” using an Observe, Reflect, and Question (O, R, Q) graphic organizer by going over the template. Explain that each picture has a letter on it that matches the letter on the graphic organizer. Students should enter their responses in that space. (5 minutes) Teacher will divide students into groups of 3 randomly using number cards or objects. Teacher will remind students of the card or object they received at the start of the lesson. Students that have the same number card or object will be a group. Students will form their groups and stand back to back to listen to further instructions from the teacher. (SEL) (3 minutes) Teacher will explain to students that they will spend 3 minutes at each picture for a total of 18 minutes on task. They will rotate around to each Primary Source picture that is labeled with a letter indicated on their ORQ graphic organizer. They will work with their partners to complete their ORQs for each Primary Source. The teacher will use a timer and monitor students as they collaborate and play jazz music in the background while students walk. (18 minutes) After the gallery walk, teacher will explain to students that they will work with their group to come up with a brief group summary of what they think happened during the Great Depression. (5 minutes) Teacher and students will come together to create an idea web of the student’s responses while the teacher writes on chart paper. (10 minutes) Students will complete an exit slip located on the back of their ORQ. (6 minutes) Extension Ideas 1. Have students choose their favorite photo and write a journal from the point of view of the subject of that photo. 2. Have students create a caption for one or more of the photos. 3. Have students make up a title for one or more of the photos. EVALUATION Students will complete the ORQ and the exit slip using a rubric. CREDITS Designer Lori Guidry 4 Name ___________________________________________________ Date ___________________________________________ Analyzing Photographs & Prints (adapted from the Library of Congress) OBSERVE: Identify and note details. REFLECT: Generate and test hypotheses about the QUESTION: ask questions to lead to more image. observations and reflections. PHOTO A PHOTO B PHOTO C PHOTO D PHOTO E PHOTO F 5 Name ______________________________________ Date _____________________________ EXIT SLIP Write 3 things you learned about the Great Depression. Write 2 questions you have for further research about the Great Depression. Write 1 prediction about the novel “Bud, Not Buddy”. 6 PHOTO A: Hooverville. Portland, Oregon Library of Congress 7 PHOTO B: Bayou Bourbeau plantation, a FSA cooperative, Natchitoches, La. A Negro family 8 Library of Congress PHOTO C: Migrant Mother Library of Congress 9 PHOTO D: Evicted sharecropper boy Library of Congress 10 PHOTO E: Mississippi Delta Negro Children Library of Congress 11 PHOTO F: The Band at the Savoy Ballroom Library of Congress 12 “HOOK” Photo: Migrant Agricultural Worker Library of Congress 13 SCORING RUBRIC FOR ORQ RATING REQUIREMENTS Student completes all sections. 4 Student references descriptive details from the primary source. Student thinks of four reflections about the primary source. Student thinks of four questions about the primary source. 3 Student completes most sections. Student references some descriptive details from the primary source. Student thinks of three reflections about the primary source. Student thinks of three questions about the primary source. 2 Student completes some sections. Student references few descriptive details from the primary source. Student thinks of two reflections about the primary source. Student thinks of two questions about the primary source. 1 Student attempts to complete some sections. Student work lacks details from the primary source. Student thinks of one reflection about the primary source. Student thinks of one question about the primary source. Student makes no attempt to complete the task 0 Created by Lori Guidry 14 Lesson Two Essential Question: How does the author use literary devices to interpret a poem? Close Reading of “I'd Rather Not Be on Relief” Overview Students will complete a close read of the poem “I’d Rather Not Be On Relief” by Lester Hunter. Students will have had some knowledge of the time period from the previous lesson. Students will read and annotate the poem. They will identify details about structure and determine literary devices. Students will have had experience with determining literary devices. Objectives Students will close read the poem using annotations. They will complete a Poetry Analysis worksheet to determine the literary devices used in the poem. Standards (State and Common Core) CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.4.1 Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.4.5 Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, and refer to the structural elements of poems (e.g., verse, rhythm, meter) and drama (e.g., casts of characters, settings, descriptions, dialogue, stage directions) when writing or speaking about a text. Time Required One 60 minute class period Recommended Grade Range 3rd-5th grade Subject/Topic Reading/ Social Studies Students will be completing a close read about an event in American History. PREPARATION Materials Used For Students: “I’d Rather Not Be on Relief” Handout ORQ for Analyzing Manuscripts Highlighters, pens or pencils For Teacher: “I’d Rather Not Be on Relief: Handout Document Camera or Overhead Projector Resources Used Poetry Analysis Worksheet Title: Heavy black clouds of dust rising over the Texas Panhandle, Texas 15 URL: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/fsa1998018491/PP/ Author/Creator: Rothstein, Arthur Date: 1936 Mar Title: I’d Rather Not be On Relief URL: http://www.loc.gov/item/toddbib000454/ Author/Creator: Lester Hunter Shaffer Date: 1938 PROCEDURE 1. Teacher will tell students that they will close read a poem effectively using close reading strategies. (2 minutes) 2. Teacher will introduce the lesson by using the document camera or overhead projector to show students a photograph of a farm in the middle of the Dust Bowl (Primary Source A). As a review from the previous lesson, the teacher will ask students to observe the photograph and note any details they see. Students will “turn and talk” to a partner about what they observe, reflect and question. (Students will have experience from this activity from the previous lesson.) 5 minutes 3. Teacher will tell students to imagine they were a farmer living in the area in the photograph. Teacher will ask “How would you feel? What are you thinking?, Where is your family? Etc. (5 minutes) 4. Teacher will tell students that they will analyze a poem called “I’d Rather Not be on Relief”. Teacher will display the original manuscript (Primary Source B) using a document camera or overhead projector but provide students with a hard copy for ease of reading. (5 minutes) 5. Teacher will do a shared reading of the poem while students follow along to model fluency. (3 minutes) 6. Teacher will reread the first stanza to model close reading and annotating text strategies. (10 minutes) 6. Teacher will tell students that they will independently close read using annotations. Teacher will then allow students to share their annotations with a partner. (2 minutes) 8. Students partnerships will complete the Poetry Analysis Worksheet to gain a better understanding of the poem structure. Teacher will monitor students as they complete the Poetry Analysis Worksheet. (20 minutes) 10. Teacher and students will come together to briefly share the information on their Poetry Analysis worksheet. (5 Minutes) 11. Teacher will close the lesson by reviewing. (3 minutes) Extension Ideas 1. Draw a picture to illustrate the poem. 2. Write the poem in your own words. 3. Rewrite the poem to incorporate a different mood. EVALUATION Students will be evaluated using a rubric for the graphic organizer and questions. CREDITS Designer(s) Lori Guidry 16 Primary Source A Title: Heavy black clouds of dust rising over the Texas Panhandle, Texas 17 Primary Source B 18 URL: http://www.loc.gov/item/toddbib000454/ The Library of Congress www.loc.gov 19 Library of Congress I'd Rather Not Be on Relief http://www.loc.gov/resource/afc1985001.afc1985001_st045 I'd Rather Not Be on Relief Lester Hunter Shafter, 1938 We go around all dressed in rags While the rest of the world goes neat, And we have to be satisfied With half enough to eat. We have to live in lean-tos, Or else we live in a tent, For when we buy our bread and beans There's nothing left for rent. I'd rather not be on the rolls of relief, Or work on the W. P. A., We'd rather work for the farmer If the farmer could raise the pay; Then the farmer could plant more cotton And he'd get more money for spuds, Instead of wearing patches, We'd dress up in new duds. From the east and west and north and south Like a swarm of bees we come; The migratory workers Are worse off than a bum. We go to Mr. Farmer And ask him what he'll pay; He says, “You gypsy workers Can live on a buck a day.” I'd rather not be on the rolls of relief, Or work on the W. P. A., We'd rather work for the farmer If the farmer could raise the pay; Then the farmer could plant more cotton And he'd get more money for spuds, Instead of wearing patches, We'd dress up in new duds. We don't ask for luxuries Or even a feather bed. But we're bound to raise the dickens While our families are underfed. Now the winter is on us And the cotton picking is done, What are we going to live on While weirs waiting for spuds to come? I'D RATHER NOT BE ON RELIEF Now if you will excuse me I'll bring my song to an end. I've got to go and chuck a crack Where the howling wind comes in. The times are going to better And I guess you'd like to know I'll tell you all about it, I've joined the C. I. O. 20 Name __________________________________________________ Date ___________________________ Poetry Analysis Worksheet Poem I’d Rather Not be on Relief” Rothstein, Arthur 1936 March Literary Device Used (Rhyming words, stanzas, metaphor, simile, etc) We go around all dressed in rags While the rest of the world goes neat, And we have to be satisfied With half enough to eat. We have to live in leantos, Or else we live in a tent, For when we buy our bread and beans There's nothing left for rent. I'd rather not be on the rolls of relief, Or work on the W. P. A., We'd rather work for the farmer If the farmer could raise the pay; Then the farmer could plant more cotton And he'd get more money for spuds, Instead of wearing patches, We'd dress up in new duds. From the east and west and north and south Like a swarm of bees we come; The migratory workers Are worse off than a bum. We go to Mr. Farmer And ask him what he'll pay; He says, “You gypsy workers Can live on a buck a day.” I'd rather not be on the rolls of relief, Or work on the W. P. A., We'd rather work for the farmer If the farmer could raise the pay; Then the farmer could plant more cotton And he'd get more money for spuds, Instead of wearing patches, We'd dress up in new duds. 21 Lyrical Interpretation with Text Evidence We don't ask for luxuries Or even a feather bed. But we're bound to raise the dickens While our families are underfed. Now the winter is on us And the cotton picking is done, What are we going to live on While weirs wqiting for spuds to come? I'D RATHER NOT BE ON RELIEF Now if you will excuse me I'll bring my song to an end. I've got to go and chuck a crack Where the howling wind comes in. The times are going to better And I guess you'd like to know I'll tell you all about it, I've joined the C. I. O. Complete the questions below. 1. Based on your analysis, what do you think the author’s purpose was in writing this poem? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is the main idea or theme of the poem? State it in a sentence. What parts of the poem communicate that theme? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 22 Graphic Organizer and Question Rubric Part 1 - (Graphic Organizer- Student accurately identifies literary devices and provides text evidence to support their analysis. 3 Points Student accurately identifies three or more literary devices for each stanza and provides text evidence to support their analysis 2 Points Student accurately identifies two literary devices for each stanza and provides text evidence to support their analysis 1 Points Student accurately identifies one literary device for each stanza and provides text evidence to support their analysis 0 Points No response; OR Irrelevant response. Part 2 – (Questions) Student accurately answers the text dependent questions. 3 Points Student provides an accurate, response using text evidence to support their answer. 2 Points Student provides a partial response using some text evidence to support their answer. 1 Point Student provides an incorrect response using isolated text details. 0 Points No response; OR Irrelevant response. (adapted from Chicago Public Schools, REACH Performance Task) 23 Lesson Three Essential Question: How can we compare two different kinds of passages with the same theme? Comparing Theme: “Wasted Life Blues” and “I'd Rather Not Be on Relief” Overview Students will listen to the song “Wasted Life Blues” by Jazz singer, Bessie Smith. Students will have had some knowledge of the time period from the previous lessons. They will analyze the sheet music of the song and annotate the lyrics. They will also discuss the mood of the poem and song. Students will create a collaborative poster to answer the following question. What is the theme that the authors want to communicate in both of the texts? What choices did the two writers make to help you understand theme? Use text evidence to help you in your response. Objectives Students will analyze the sheet music with their group. They will complete an ORQ for Analyzing Sheet Music and complete a Collaborative Poster with their group. Standards (State and Common Core) Common Core Anchor Literacy Standard 9 Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.4.1 Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. Time Required 1-2 60 minute class periods Recommended Grade Range 3rd-5th grade Subject/Topic Reading/ Social Studies Students will be completing a close read about an event in American History. PREPARATION Materials Used For Group: White Construction paper Different colored markers (one different color for each student) For Students: “Wasted Life Blues” Sheet Music Handout “I’d Rather Not Be on Relief” Poetry Analysis from the previous lesson ORQ for Analyzing Sheet Music and Song Sheets Highlighters, pens or pencils For Teacher: “Wasted Life Blues” Lyric Sheet Handout “Wasted Life Blues” Audio Recording 24 Document Camera or Overhead Projector Prepared question for Collaborative grouping activity Information on Collaborative Posters. Title: Collaborative Posters URL: "Collaborative Poster." Collaborative Poster. N.p., 23 Aug. 2012. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. <http://esolonline.tki.org.nz/ESOL-Online/Teacher-needs/Pedagogy/ESOL-teachingstrategies/Reading/Collaborative-poster>. Resources Used Title: Wasted Life Blues URL: http://blogs.loc.gov/music/2011/04/sheet-music-and-pic-of-the-week-happybirthday-bessie-smith/ Author/Creator: Lester Hunter Shaffer Date: 1929 Title: Wasted Life Blues Audio Recording URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxuC-2J7b5k Title: Wasted Life Blues Lyrics URL: http://www.oldielyrics.com/lyrics/bessie_smith/wasted_life_blues.html Date: 1929 PROCEDURE 1. Teacher will ask the students to reflect on the previous lesson and review their notes from the poetry analysis from “I’d Rather not Be on Relief”. Teacher will tell students that they will use their information from the previous lesson to compare two texts with the same theme and topic. (5 minutes) 2. Teacher will tell the students briefly about Bessie Smith and play the audio recording of “Wasted Life Blues” from YouTube. (5 minutes). Teacher will briefly review students’ knowledge on mood and ask what they think the mood of the song is? 3. Teacher will direct student’s attention to their handout of the sheet music from the song “Wasted Life Blues”. Teacher will explain to students that they will complete an ORQ to Analyze Sheet Music and Song Sheets. (5 minutes) 4. Students will work independently to use the ORQ to analyze the sheet music of “Wasted Life Blues” Teacher will allow time for students to share their ORQs with their group. (15 minutes) 5. Teacher will explain to students that both texts share a theme. Teacher will explain that theme is a way of thinking about a topic, story, or situation. The theme is also described as the central idea or message the author is trying to portray. Teacher and students will discuss similarities and differences between both texts. Teacher will complete and “H-diagram” to record student ideas. (10 minutes) (Possible stopping point) 6. Teacher will explain to students that they will answer the question “What is the theme that the authors want to communicate in both of the texts? What choices did the two writers make to help you understand theme? Use text evidence to help you in your response. (1 minute) 7. Teacher will tell students that they will complete a Collaborative poster with their group. Teacher will explain the how the Collaborative Poster will work. Teacher will tell students to choose a marker color that will represent their response on the group collaborative poster. Each student will be responsible for writing a response on the group’s construction paper, so everyone writes with a different color marker at the same time. Teacher will stress to students to make sure that everyone in the group has access to the poster and it doesn’t matter the direction they are writing in. The point is everyone is writing a response. (10 minutes) 25 8. Teacher will close the lesson by reviewing and students will complete an exit slip. (9 minutes) Extension Ideas 1. Complete a Venn diagram to compare and contrast both texts. 2. Write a letter to the character (narrator) that offers help. 3. Conduct a short research project on Bessie Smith. Evaluation Students will be evaluated using a rubric for the Collaborative Poster. Exit Slip: What could be another name for both texts? Explain your thinking. CREDITS 13. Designer(s) Lori Guidry 26 27 Wasted Life Blues By Bessie Smith I've lived a life but nothin' I've gained Each day I'm full of sorrow and pain No one seems to care enough for poor me, To give me a word of sympathy Oh, me! Oh, me! Wonder what will become of poor me? No father to guide me, no mother to care Must bear my troubles alone Not even a brother to help me share This burden I must bear alone Oh, me! Oh, me! Wonder what will become of poor me? I'm settin' and thinkin' of the days gone by They filled my heart with pain I'm too weak to stand and too strong to cry But I'm forgittin' it all in vain Oh, me! Oh, me! Wonder what will become of poor me? I've traveled and wandered almost everywhere To git a little joy from life Still I've gained nothin' but wars and despairs Still strugglin' in this world of strife Oh, me! Oh, me! Wonder what will become of poor me? Retrieved from http://www.oldielyrics.com/lyrics/bessie_smith/wasted_life_blues.html 28 Collaborative Poster Rubric Performance Indicators Content Collaboration with Peers 2-Outstanding 1-Satisfactory 0-Needs Revision Poster includes two quotes from the reading and an original statement. Poster includes one relevant quote from the reading and an original statement. Poster lacks either a relevant image or quote from the reading. As a whole, the poster successfully communicates the theme of both texts. As a whole, the poster communicates something about the theme of both texts. Product is neat. Product is neat. Each student is actively involved and contributes ideas. Some group member pays attention and contributes. One or more group members fail to pay attention or contribute. All group members encourage peers’ participation and work to incorporate their ideas into the poster. Some group members respond to each other’s ideas. One or more group members do not contribute to the poster. As a whole the poster fails to communicate something about the theme. Product is sloppy. (Adapted from teambsesnyc.wikispaces.com/file/view/Collaborative+Poster+Rubric.pdf) 29 Name_____________________________ Date _________________________________ Lesson Three EXIT SLIP What could be another name for both texts? Explain your thinking. Name_____________________________ Date _________________________________ Lesson Three EXIT SLIP What could be another name for both texts? Explain your thinking. 30 H-DIAGRAM ANCHOR CHART “Wasted Life Blues” “I’d Rather Not be On Relief Shared 31 32
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