TEXAS ALLIANCE FOR MINORITIES IN ENGINEERING
STATE MATH & SCIENCE COMPETITION
Anatomy & Physiology
2001
General Information:
 Check to see that you have written your name and Social Security
Number on the Scantron sheet and bubbled them in correctly.

DO NOT open the test booklet and DO NOT start until the
proctor says "begin."
 Each individual exam period will be 45 minutes and each exam contains
50 multiple choice questions.
 Students are allowed to use a pre-approved battery operated calculator
during the individual and team exams.
 Students are encouraged to write on the exam booklet. Scratch paper
and pencils will also be provided. All materials (exam booklet, scratch
paper, pencils, and scantron form) are to be turned in when the proctor
tells you to. No materials are to leave the room.
 Students will not be permitted to leave the test room while the test is in
progress. If a student finishes early, he/she must remain in the test room
until the exam period is completed.
 If you need to ask a question during the test, raise your hand and the
proctor will come to you.
 There is no penalty for skipping a problem. The exam scores will be
determined by the number of correct answers. All ties will be broken by
awarding the place to the contestant who has the most consecutive
correct answers before a problem is missed.
 Students may NOT keep the test booklet.
Anatomy & Physiology Test
Directions: For each statement or question, select the word or expression that, of those given, best
completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Trepanation
a. is the science concerned with
studying diseases and causes of
death.
b. is the drilling of a hole in the skull
or removal of a portion of a hole in
the skull and practiced in
prehistoric times.
c. were written on cuniform charts in
early Mesopotamia.
d. involves certain injuries, ages, and
diseases, including nutritional
deficiencies.
2. Rene' Descartes:
a. Introduced European concepts of
the body to the Japanese people
b. Stimulated a mechanistic
interpretation of biological data.
c. Helped provide an explanation of
genetic replication and control of
cellular functions.
d. Established a scientific method in
obtaining data.
3. All chordates have three structures in
common:
a. a nucleus pulposus, an invertebral
disk and an auditory canal.
b. a pharynx, an auditory canal, and a
notochord.
c. a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve
cord, and pharyngeal pouches.
d. a dorsal hollow nerve cord, a
pharynx, and a pharyngeal pouch.
4. Primates
a. are bipedal, and have a twochambered heart.
b. are mammals that have prehensile
hands, grasping digits, and
relatively large brains.
c. have stereoscopic vision and a
small brain-to-body weight ratio.
d. are invertebrates of the Phylum
Chordata.
5. The spleen is located in the
a. right upper quadrant.
b. left upper quadrant.
c. right lower quadrant.
d. left lower quadrant.
6. Bluish lips indicate ________ and is
called __________.
a. a vitamin B6 deficiency, beri-beri.
b. over-absorption of CO, carbonmonoxide poisoning.
c. an iron deficiency, pernicious
anemia.
d. a lack of oxygen, cyanosis.
7. The most prominent structure of the
cervix of the neck is the
a. thyroid cartilage.
b. hyoid bone.
c. trachea.
d. cricoid cartilage.
8. Cells were first observed by ________
over three hundred years ago.
a. Matthias Schleiden
b. Theodor Schwann
c. Robert Hooke
d. William Harvey
9. In telophase
a. the two chromatids thicken and
are pulled farther apart.
b. centrioles migrate toward opposite
sides of the nucleus.
c. the chromatic pairs become
aligned in an orderly fashion on
the equatorial plane.
d. the daughter chromosomes reach
their respective poles.
10. Ligaments connect
a. muscle to bone.
b. bone to bone.
c. muscle to muscle.
d. cartilage to muscle.
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11. Adipose cells store
a. bile.
b. sugar.
c. fat.
d. insulin.
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12. The following slide is
a. loose connective tissue.
b. fibrous connective tissue.
c. simple columnar epithelium.
d. bone tissue.
16. Pick the correct labels for the
following diagram:
a. 1-sebaceous gland, 2-hair follicle,
3-eccrine gland, 4-pore, 5-hair
shaft, 6-apocrine gland.
b. 1-apocrine gland, 2-hair shaft, 3eccrine gland, 4-sebaceous gland,
5-hair follicle, 6- pore.
c. 1-pore, 2-hair shaft, 3-eccrine
gland, 4-sebaceous gland, 5-hair
follicle, 6-apocrine gland.
d. 1-apocrine gland, 2-pore, 3-hair
shaft, 4-eccrine gland, 5-sebaceous
gland, 6-hair follicle.
13. By the __________ week, the embryonic
heart is beating and pumping blood,
arm and leg buds are recognizable,
and primordial tissues that will form
the eyes, brain, spinal cord, lungs, and
digestive organs are in place.
a. second
b. third
c. fourth
d. fifth
14. ____________ and ___________ can cross
the placental membrane and cause
harm to a developing baby.
a. bacteria, viruses
b. viruses, nicotine
c. heroin, bacteria
d. bacteria, alcohol
15. Early in the third week of fetal
development a thick linear band
known as the __________, appears
along the dorsal midline of the
embryonic disc.
a. primitive streak
b. dorsal fin
c. longitudinal axis
d. notochord
2
..
1
.
4
.
3
..
5
.
6
.
17. In a wound, the actions of
_____________ and protein molecules
called _________, a clot forms and soon
blocks the flow of blood.
a. platelets, granulation tissue
b. platelets, fibrinogen
c. alopecia, granulation tissue
d. platelets, alopecia
18. The skin is considered an organ
because
a. it is a group of organs that have
similar or related functions.
b. it is an aggregation of similar cells
that perform a specific function.
c. it has a unique structure directly
related to its function.
d. it consists of several kinds of
tissues that are structurally
arranged to function together.
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19. Locate the following structures by
their number:
costal cartilages
metacarpals
metatarsals
radius
ulna
a. 2, 24, 12, 8, 9
b. 1, 4, 6, 14, 15
c. 1, 6, 4, 15, 14
d. 2, 8, 9, 12, 24
21. The epiphyseal plate
a. is dense, white fibrous tissue
which covers the surface of the
bone.
b. serves as a place for tendon
attachment.
c. is a region of mitotic activity that
is responsible for elongation of
bone.
d. are small openings into the bone
that allow passage of nutrient
vessels into the bone for
nourishment of the living tissue.
22. The pectoral girdle is made up of
a. the two scapulae and two clavicles.
b. twelve pairs of ribs.
c. two ossa coxae and the symphysis
pubis.
d. the ilium, the ischium, and the
pubis.
23. Hypersecretion of the growth
hormone from the pituitary gland
leads to _________ in young persons.
a. gigantism
b. dwarfism
c. easily fractured bones
d. rickets
24. Smooth muscle is closely associated
with various ____________ throughout
the body.
a. striated muscle
b. cardiac muscle
c. voluntary muscles
d. involuntary muscles
20. There are _____ bones in the human
body.
a. 186
b. 196
c. 206
d. 236
25. The _________ consists of the brain
and spinal cord, and the ________
include the crainal nerves and the
spinal nerves.
a. peripheral nervous system, central
nervous system
b. central nervous system, peripheral
nervous system
c. central nervous system, autonomic
nervous system
d. peripheral nervous system,
autonomic nervous system.
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26. Choose the correct number for the
structures below:
nucleus, axon, dendrites, myelin
a.
b.
c.
d.
4, 7, 1, 10
3, 11, 2, 5
4, 6, 7, 11
2, 3, 5, 8
27. The _________ form a protective
membrane between the bone and the
soft tissue of the CNS.
a. subarachnoid
b. central canal
c. cerebrospinal fluid
d. meninges
28. The ________ of the receptors makes
some areas of the body more sensitive
than others.
a. density
b. type
c. depth
d. size
29. Three distinct and specialized types
of ________ within the ________ permit
color vision.
a. rods, cornea
b. rods, retina
c. cones, retina
d. cones, cornea
30. Locate the following structures by
their number:
facial nerve, auditory tube, temporal bone
a. 14, 1, 3
b. 7, 12, 4
c. 10, 13, 15
d. 12, 14, 5
31. Blood pumped from the right atrium
passes across the ________ to fill the
right ventricle.
a. bicuspid valve
b. semilunar vlave
c. mitral valve
d. triscuspid valve
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32. Contraction of the ventricles of the
heart is refered to as
a. systole
b. asystole
c. diastole
d. cardiac cycle
36. There are _______ permanent teeth
which replace the _______ deciduous
teeth in a predictable sequence.
a. 28, 18
b. 32, 20
c. 34, 22
d. 38,22
33. Label the parts of the
electrocardiogram
a. 1-S, 2-R, 3-Q, 4-P, 5-O
b. 1-T, 2-S, 3-R, 4-Q, 5-P
c. 1-P, 2-Q, 3-R, 4-S, 5-T
d. 1-O, 2-P, 3-Q, 4-R, 5-S
37. Food usually requires about _____
hours to travel the length of the
gastro-intestinal tract.
a. 12
b. 16
c. 24
d. 32
38. _______ is a yellowish green fluid that
is continuously secreted by hepatic
cells. It's function is to emulsify fats.
a. gall
b. acini
c. haustral churning
d. bile
39. ______ is a bacterial inflammation of
the peritoneum.
a. botulism
b. ameobic dysentery
c. peritonitis
d. pyorrhea
34. A person will loose consciousness if
deprived of air for ______ minutes,
and may die or suffer brain damage if
deprived for _________ minutes.
a. 1-2, 3-8
b. 2-3, 5-6
c. 4-6, 7-10
d. 5-8, 10-15
40. Label the following parts of the
diagram:
Ureter = ____, kidneys = ____, urinary
bladder = ____, urethra = ____, adrenal
glands = ____.
a. 1,2,3,4,5
b. 5,4,3,2,1
c. 3,2,4,5,1
d. 3,4,5,2,1
35. When air enters the pleural cavity
surrounding either lung and causes
the lung to collapse, it is referrred to
as a ____________.
a. epistaxis
b. hyaline-membrane disease
c. cystic fibrosis
d. pneumothorax
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41. The ________ is the functional unit of
the kidney because it is responsible
for the formation of _____.
a. nephron, urine
b. interlobar arteries, bile
c. glomerular capsule, renal
corpuscles
d. collecting duct, cortical nephrons
45. _________ stimulates the "fight or
flight" response.
a. epinephrine
b. norepinephrine
c. glucocorticoids
d. glucagons
42. Which of the following statements
apply to the endocrine system?
46. During the primary stage of _____ a
lesion called a chancre develops at the
point where contact was made with a
similar sore from an infected person.
a. Gonorrhea
b. Urethritis
c. Syphilis
d. Genital herpes
One
Two
Three
a.
b.
c.
d.
secretes hormones that are
transported to target tissues
via the blood.
causes muscles to contract or
glands to secrete.
exerts effects relatively
slowly.
one, two and three
one and two
two and three
one and three
43. Which of the following statements
apply to the nervous system?
One
Two
Three
a.
b.
c.
d.
causes changes in the metabolic
activities in specific cells.
transmits neurochemical
impulses via nerve fibers.
has generally brief effects.
one, two and three
one and two
two and three
one and three
44. Growth hormone is secreted by the
___________ gland.
a. adrenal
b. thryoid
c. pancreatic
d. pituitary
47. Pap smears are used to detect the
presence of ______.
a. uterine neoplasms
b. cancer of the uterus
c. endometriosis
d. secondary amenorrhea
48. The ________ is the site of
implantation of an embryo.
a. Ovary
b. Uterine tube
c. Uterus
d. Vagina
49. _______ refers to the biological aging
process characterized by a gradual
deterioration of body structure and
function.
a. anthropometry
b. menarche
c. dimorphism
d. senescence
50. The_____ theory of aging suggests that
the symptoms of aging result when
various body systems begin to reject
their own tissues.
a. Genetic Mutation
b. Autoimmunity
c. Cross-Linking of Molecules
d. Cellular Aging
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Anatomy & Physiology
Answer Key
49. d
50. b
1. b
2. b
3. c
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. a
8. c
9. d
10. b
11. c
12. d
13. c
14. b
15. a
16. c
17. b
18. d
19. b
20. b
21. c
22. a
23. a
24. d
25. b
26. a
27. d
28. a
29. c
30. b
31. d
32. a
33. c
34. c
35. d
36. b
37. c
38. d
39. c
40. c
41. a
42. d
43. c
44. d
45. a
46. c
47. b
48. c
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