U.S. Foreign Policy
U.S. Foreign Policy Imperialism • A stronger country takes over a weaker country or region • U.S. took control of Philippine Islands after Spanish­ American War (1898) • Also gained control of Puerto Rico and Guam
Neutrality • To avoid taking sides • George Washington’s in a war Farewell Address • Not getting involved in • Beginning of World a conflict War I • Beginning of World War II
Isolationism • Refusing to become involved in foreign affairs • U.S. refused to join League of Nations after WWI
Reliance on International Organizations • Joining together with other countries • U.S. joined the United Nations and NATO after WWII
Containment • Preventing our enemy • U.S. became involved [Communists] from in Korean War and gaining new territory Vietnam War • Based on “domino • U.S. supported theory’ Contras in Nicaragua
Collective Security • Relying on international organizations for national security • Attack on one is an attack on all • Joining NATO to protect against communist aggression • Led USSR to create the Warsaw Pact
Detente • Relaxation or easing of tensions • U.S. and Soviet relations improved in the 1970s [with Nixon] until the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in Dec. 1979 • Signing of SALT I Treaty
Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine­1823 • U.S. did not want Europe to claim more land in Latin America • U.S. told Europe to stay away from newly independent countries in Latin America • In return U.S. would stay out of European affairs
Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny­1840s • Americans wanted more land • Belief that the U.S. should expand its territory [from sea to shinning sea] • Used to justify gaining Oregon, Texas and Mexican Cession • 1890s­used to justify overseas expansion
Open Door Policy Open Door Policy­1899 • U.S. wanted access to trade with China • Sec. John Hay idea that all nations should have equal commercial and industrial trade rights in China
Roosevelt Corollary “Big Stick Policy” 1901 “Big Stick Policy” 1901­1909 • U.S. wanted to keep Europe out of Latin America • Teddy Roosevelt’s policy that the U.S. will act as a “police force” in Latin America • Used this policy to justify U.S. intervention in LA to collect debts
Good Neighbor Policy Good Neighbor Policy­1933 • Latin America was unhappy with U.S. interventions in their region • Franklin D. Roosevelt attempted to improve relations with Latin America by pledging not to interfere in affairs in the region
Truman Doctrine Truman Doctrine­1947 • The Soviet Union and • President Truman the spread of said the U.S. would communism were provide support to seen as threats any nation fighting communism • Greece and Turkey successfully fought off communism
Marshall Plan Marshall Plan­1948 • Europe had been destroyed by WWII • Plan of Sec. Marshall for the U.S. to provide economic aid to Europe to rebuild their economies after WWII • Aid also offered to USSR and Satellite nations, but they refused