Organization of Life
Multicellular organisms
Pages 418-419 in textbook
Types of Multicellularity (four)
1. Colonies: a group of permanently associated cells that do not
communicate with each other. Ex. volvox
2. Aggregations: temporary collection of cells that come together for a
period of time and separate. Ex. slime mold
3. True multicellularity: an organism composed of many cells that are
specialized. Ex. green alga
4. Complex multicellularity: true multicellular organisms that are
organized by different functions.
~ Have tissues, organs, organ systems
Colony
Aggregation
True
Multicellularity
Complex Multicellularity
Examples of Multicellularity
1.
Colony: Volvox
a.
2.
slime molds
a.
3.
4.
http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.
uk/mag/artdec03/volvox.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShlCwqlCA4Y
green alga (seaweed)
a.
http://simply-science-nbep.blogspot.com/2011/06/algae-vs-plants.html
b.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3174216/The-amazing-sight-tourists-frolic-tonsSEAWEED-covered-beaches-eastern-China.html
all plants and animals
Hierarchy of Complexity for Complex MC
Cell: smallest living unit that can perform all of life’s processes
Tissue: distinct group of cells with similar structure and function
Organ: different tissues that perform a specific function
Organ System: various organs that carry out a major body function
**Organism: any living system. Both single celled and multicellular creatures.
Specialization
Structure and Function Again
specialization: specific focus on a single job.
Ex. high school teachers teach a certain
subject- math, science, writing, german,
history, physical education, etc.
Structure and function are examples of
specialization, which occurs at all levels in
graphic organizer on right.
Example at cellular level:
psuedopodia → feeding and movement
Specialization Focus:
Humans
Organs
Specialization: Human Focus
Organ system: Digestion
Specialization Focus: Humans
Organ Systems
Organization of Life on Planet Earth
atom → small molecules → Biomolecules (monomers) →
large biomolecules polymers → organelles → cells →
tissues → organ → organ systems → organism →
population → species → community → ecosystem →
biosphere