TCI CH 31 - The Spread and Impact of the Reformation
Section 1 Introduction
1. I see different branches of the Christian faith.
2. Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, and Roman Catholic
3. They all follow the teachings of Jesus
4. Protestant
5. Yes, when a person drives around Washington Township, you will see some Protestant Churches like a
Methodist or Lutheran church.
6. Some Catholic leaders would have been concerned about the growing number of Protestant churches in the 15th
and 16th centuries. They might have worried how a smaller number of Catholics would affect their church
communities.
Go to next page for information for Sections 2-4
Section 2 Lutheranism
founded by Martin
Luther in Germany in
1521
Section 3 - Calvinism
Beliefs About
Sin and
Salvation
believed in
“justification
by faith.”
believed in
predestination
Beliefs About
the Ultimate
Source of
Authority
believed that the Bible
was the only true
source
of religious guidance;
believed that the Bible
was the only true
source
of religious guidance;
Origins of the
Denomination
Rituals and
Worship
Community
Life

founded by John Calvin
in Switzerland in 1541
Similar
appearance to
a Catholic
Church
 Similar
religious
service to
Catholic with
Communion,
Bible readings,
sermons, and
Hymns
 Was in German
instead of
Latin
 2 sacraments
instead of 7 in
the Catholic
Church



emphasized
strict discipline
and large,
strong families
 children taught
to pray before
meals and
bed




Church
attendance up
to five times a
week
Sermons were
lengthy
Simple
churches with
wood panels
and benches;
no artwork;
used only the
two
sacraments
could sing
only words
from the Bible
laws were
based
on the Bible and
were very
strict
 swearing,
dancing and
playing cards
were not
allowed
Section 4 Anglicanism
founded by King Henry
VIII in 1534
believed baptism
washed away original
sin and believed in
justification by faith
based beliefs on
the Bible; open to
interpretations to the
Bible as long as there
was loyalty to the
monarch
 High church
service was
formal and
like the Catholic
mass
 Low Church
service was
more like the
Lutheran
service
 hymns, and
eventually
services, were
in English
instead of Latin


had
Not all alike
High Church
communities
were mostly
wealthy
 Low Church
communities
mostly middleand working
class people
 Loyalty to the
monarch
important
Section 4 - continued
2. All three branches base their beliefs on the Bible. All three encourage their followers to attend church services. All three
branches practice at least two sacraments - Baptism and Eucharist.
Section 5
1. This meeting of Catholic Church leaders began in 1545 to combat corruption in the Catholic Church and to resist
Protestantism. The council rejected predestination and justification by faith alone, and reaffirmed the Catholic
belief in seven sacraments and in the Church’s authority to interpret the Bible. It provided reforms such as more
training of clergy.
2. The Society of Jesus was a new order, also known as the Jesuits, formed during the Counter-Reformation to
preach, educate people, and perform public services. The Jesuits were dedicated teachers
and missionaries.
3. The Society of Jesus (or Jesuits) founded schools and colleges, brought Europeans back to the
Catholic Church, and spread Catholicism in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
4. The Church looked to Catholic rulers to support it and to win back lands lost to Protestantism.
Section 6
1. Use the map in the section to shade the map.
Students should shade the following areas:
Protestant: much of the Holy Roman Empire, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, part of Prussia;
Switzerland, Scotland, the Netherlands, parts of France, England
Catholic: Portugal, Spain, Italy, France, southern Holy Roman Empire, Hungary
2. Protestants emphasized being true to their own consciences. This belief made people more willing to question
authority. Some persecuted groups, such as the Puritans, even fled, seeking freedom to worship in their own ways.
In addition, leaders of Protestant churches were elected by congregation members, instead of the powerful.
3. See the chart for correct answers.
Areas of the World
Where Catholic
Missionaries
Traveled
India, China, Japan, Southeast Asia
Where Protestant
Missionaries
Traveled
Canada, the Mississippi Valley
English colonies in
North America
American Southwest, Mexico, South
America
Ceylon, India, Indonesia