Malaysia
Imports: CIF, by origin
Exports: FOB, by last known destination
Trade System: General
Overview:
From 2008 to 2012, despite a significant decline of 20.9 percent in 2009, Malaysia's exports increased on average by 3.4 percent each year
and amounted to 227.3 bln US$ in 2012 (see table 1 and graph 1). Imports increased on average by 6.0 percent each year and reached 196.4
bln US$ in 2012 (see table 2 and graph 1). This resulted in a trade surplus of 30.9 bln US$ in 2012, lower than the surplus in 2011 of 39.4 bln
US$ (see graph 1). Trade was in surplus with most MDG regions. Large surpluses were recorded with Developed Asia-Pacific (+11.7 bln US$),
Southern Asia (+10.4 bln US$) and South-eastern Asia (+6.0 bln US$) among others (see graph 2). In 2012, trade was relatively diversified
across partners: 13 major partners accounted for 80 percent of exports while 14 major partners accounted for 80 percent of imports (see
graph 3).
Graph 1: Total imports, exports and trade balance
(Bln US$ by year)
Exports
250
Imports
Trade Balance
200
Table 1: Exports by SITC sections
(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)
SITC
Total
0+1
2+4
3
5
6
7
8
9
150
100
50
0
−50
2012
227 302.7
7 905.8
27 229.6
46 225.1
14 939.5
20 599.1
86 411.9
22 142.0
1 849.8
Avg. Growth rates (%)
2008-2012 2011-2012
3.4
6.8
5.1
6.1
6.2
4.5
7.1
8.8
-46.9
0.1
2.1
-15.1
14.8
-1.1
-3.3
-1.9
5.1
35.3
2012
share
100.0
3.5
12.0
20.3
6.6
9.1
38.0
9.7
0.8
−100
−150
12
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
20
01
20
00
20
99
20
19
19
98
−200
Exports Profile:
In 2012, machinery and transport equipment (SITC section 7) represented the largest
commodity group representing 38.0 percent of total exports (see table 1). The second
largest commodity group, mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials (SITC
section 3), increased by 14.8 percent and represented 20.3 percent of exports. Top
markets for exported goods were Singapore, China and Japan (see table 4). Exports
to China and Singapore were mostly machinery and transport equipment (SITC
section 7). From 2010 to 2012, the top exported products were electronic integrated
circuits (HS code 8542), petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons (HS code
2711) and palm oil and its fractions (HS code 1511) (see table 3).
Table 2: Imports by SITC sections
(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)
SITC
Total
0+1
2+4
3
5
6
7
8
9
2012
196 419.0
12 901.4
11 219.3
27 854.6
17 640.1
24 339.4
86 457.2
12 060.2
3 946.8
Avg. Growth rates (%)
2008-2012 2011-2012
6.0
9.4
11.9
13.1
6.7
4.9
7.4
9.7
-29.0
4.7
5.0
-5.4
26.3
0.2
-0.7
3.2
3.1
3.5
2012
share
100.0
6.6
5.7
14.2
9.0
12.4
44.0
6.1
2.0
Table 3: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012
(Value in million US$)
Value (million US$)
Unit value
4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007
2010
2011
2012
2010 2011 2012
Unit
All Commodities............................................................................................................ 198 790.7 226 992.7 227 302.7
8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 22 809.4 27 239.5 26 095.0
2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 13 371.9 18 210.2 19 576.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 US$/kg
1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 12 405.4 17 446.9 15 439.8 0.8 1.1 1.0 US$/kg
2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................
7 941.2 10 797.4 15 419.3 0.7 0.9 0.9 US$/kg
2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude.............................
9 646.1 10 760.3 10 440.1 0.6 0.8 0.9 US$/kg
8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 11 018.9
9 691.2
9 748.4 36.4 76.2 84.1 US$/unit
8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 10 787.4
6 318.7
5 475.4 0.1 35.3 42.0 US$/kg
8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................
7 201.6
7 480.6
6 698.5
8528 Reception apparatus for television...............................................................................
5 283.5
4 832.9
3 968.6 183.4 289.7 289.6 US$/unit
4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle..................................................
2 863.6
4 339.7
2 545.6 3.2 4.6 3.3 US$/kg
HS
code
Source: UN Comtrade
SITC
code
776
343
422
334
333
752
759
776
761
231
Malaysia
Graph 2: Trade Balance by MDG Regions in 2012
Graph 3: Partner concentration of trade in 2012
(Bln US$)
(Cumulative share by ranked partners)
Developed Asia−Pacific
Imports
(Herfindahl Index = 0.073)
Developed Europe
Exports
(Herfindahl Index = 0.071)
Top
partner
Developed N. America
Top
partner
South−eastern Europe
5 th
5 th
10 th
10 th
15 th
15 th
20 th
20 th
25 th
25 th
CIS
Northern Africa
Sub−Saharan Africa
Latin Am, Caribbean
Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
South−eastern Asia
(Value in million US$, percentages of country total)
Country
World...............................
Singapore........................
China................................
Japan...............................
USA..................................
Thailand...........................
China, Hong Kong SAR....
India.................................
Australia..........................
Indonesia.........................
Rep. of Korea...................
Total
227 302.7
30 909.0
28 727.8
26 846.2
19 719.1
12 205.5
9 732.6
9 495.7
9 420.4
8 940.5
8 189.1
0+1 2+4
3
Shares by SITC sections (%)
5
6
7
8
3.5 12.0 20.3 6.6 9.1 38.0 9.7
5.4 3.4 28.5 4.0 8.6 39.7 9.4
1.3 18.8 8.1 9.9 10.3 48.2 3.2
1.4 5.3 54.0 4.2 7.3 21.1 6.5
2.2 8.4 0.8 2.0 4.8 58.3 22.8
4.3 4.9 16.8 11.2 9.3 41.7 11.4
3.4 0.6 1.6 3.9 4.4 79.3 5.9
0.8 31.6 20.0 9.7 7.9 27.2 2.7
3.0 2.9 49.3 3.7 12.8 19.6 6.0
8.4 3.6 25.8 18.9 14.8 22.9 4.8
2.5 7.6 42.5 7.2 13.6 20.2 5.7
9
0.8
0.9
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.2
2.6
0.7
0.8
Total
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
%
0%
10
80
%
%
60
40
%
20
0%
%
20
%
%
Table 4: Exports by principal countries and SITC sections in 2012
40
60
80
10
0%
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
−2
−4
Oceania
%
Western Asia
Imports Profile:
In 2012, similar to exports, the largest
commodity group for imports was machinery
and transport equipment (SITC section 7) and
accounted for 44.0 percent of total imports
(see table 2). Other major commodity groups
included mineral fuels, lubricants and related
materials (SITC section 3) and manufactured
goods classified chiefly by material (SITC
section 6), respectively with 14.2 and 12.4
percent of total imports. From 2010 to 2012,
the major imported goods were electronic
integrated circuits (HS code 8542), petroleum
oils, other than crude (HS code 2710) and
petroleum oils and oils obtained from
bituminous minerals, crude (HS code 2709)
(see table 5).
Table 5: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012
(Value in million US$)
Value (million US$)
Unit value
SITC
4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007
code
2010
2011
2012
2010 2011 2012
Unit
All Commodities............................................................................................................ 164 586.3 187 573.0 196 419.0
8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 28 459.2 26 631.6 25 897.5
776
2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................
7 887.4 10 632.4 15 596.1 0.6 0.8 0.9 US$/kg 334
2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude.............................
5 688.2
7 846.4
8 963.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 US$/kg 333
8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72....................
5 310.8
4 693.2
3 824.6 5.5 56.2 3.9 US$/kg 759
8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................
776
3 245.7
3 539.5
3 069.4
8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................
2 722.8
3 170.1
3 335.9 55.1 91.4 53.2 US$/unit 752
8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28.........................
3 181.6
3 386.5
2 165.5 24.5 30.0 27.1 US$/kg 764
8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................
764
2 242.0
2 806.3
3 334.1
8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport...............
2 508.2
2 526.5
3 008.5 5.5 6.3 8.6 thsd US$/unit 781
8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................
1 326.3
2 792.7
3 392.3 0.7 25.9 28.7 mln US$/unit 792
HS
code
Source: UN Comtrade