‫وزارة التعليم العايل والبحث العلمي‬
‫اجلامعة املستنصرية‬
‫كلية الرتبية – قسم التاريخ‬
‫رسالة تقدم بها الطالب‬
‫حممد حسني إبراهيم العامري‬
‫إىل جملس كلية الرتبية ــ اجلامعة املستنصرية‬
‫وهي جزء من متطلبات نيل درجة املاجستري يف التاريخ اإلسالمي‬
‫إشراف أ ‪ .‬م ‪ .‬د‬
‫هيفاء عاصم حممد الطيار‬
‫‪2341‬هـ‬
‫‪1122‬م‬
Abstract
The Ismaeli movement is regarded a religious movement of a
political nature. It appeared on the history scene during the second half
of 3rd H/9th AD century. As a result of predominant political, social and
economic circumstances then, this movement developed and became a
political movement of religious nature calling for the circulation of
Ismaeli belief in the Islamic world. The Ismaelis were more active than
others and more ambitious in spreading their call, so they tried to find
for their call places distant from the Abbasid eyes, hence their choice fell
on Yemen in view of its distance from the center of the Abbasid caliphate
in Baghdad as well as its suffering from non political unity which gathers
the country which is exhausted of internal competitions and communal
disputes on one hand, and the tashayu' spread all over the country on the
other hand which is considered one of the important factors that made
the Ismaeli imams send their callers to it, and who were able to establish
an Ismaeli state in it which was based on the shoulders of the two callers
Ibn Hawshab and Ali bin Al-Fadhel 072H, with which Yemen became
an important center to polarize the Ismaeli callers, organize them,
prompt them the call principles and send them to other regions so as to
spread the Ismaeli call in them, yet this state did not last long for it
collapsed in 320H and by its collapse the Ismaeli call in Yemen entered
the phase of hiding which lasted until the second quarter of the 5th
H/11th AD century where the scene of events in this period was ready
for a Yemeni figure embracing the Ismaeli belief to emerge, he was
called Ali bin Mohammed Al-Sulaihi who announced the establishment
of a second Ismaeli stat in Yemen known as the Sulaihi state adherent to
the Fatimid caliphate in Egypt. Due to the efforts of its founder Ali AlSulaihi, the Sulaihi state had an important position in the history of
Yemen, in that this state was able to unify the country and extend its
influence from Hadhramaut in the south to Hejaz in the north and this
thing was not seen before neither in pre Islam nor in Islam and what
happened to Ali Al-Sulaihi did happen to any other king of Yemen. The
influence
of
this
state
extended
at
the
era
of
Al-Makram and his wife the free mistress Arwa, thus Oman, Ihsaa and
India became under the spiritual influence of the Sulaihi state; therefore,
the establishment of the Sulaihi state represented a wonderful example
in unifying Yemen in one state which rule lasted around one century of
time. Hence, their rule was a new type in Yemen, the first thing they
were distinguished with was the desire of uniting the country under a
one political banner shadowing them with peace and justice.
The topic of the thesis is (The Sulaihis in Yemen 939-530H/12971131AD- A Political Study -)
The research was divided into an introduction, three chapters, a
conclusion and appendices. The first chapter came under the title (The
Geography of Yemen, Its people's Islam and Its Most Important Tribes).
It included two sections, the first section addressed the geography of
Yemen including the nomination, Yemen's boundaries, its parts, relief,
climate, and the importance of the geographic location to Yemen, the
second section shed the light on the Islam of Yemen's people, the
religious and political life in Yemen before Islam, the entrance of Islam
to Yemen and the most important Yemen's tribes.
As to the second chapter, it carried the title (The Origin of Ismaeli
Call, Its Spread in Yemen, Role in Establishing the Sulaihi State and
Identifying Its Kings). It included three sections. The first section was
dedicated to the study of the origin of Ismaeli call and its development.
While the second section addressed the circulation of Ismaeli belief in
Yemen. The third section focused on the role of Ismaeli call in the rise of
the Sulaihi state and the definition of its kings.
The third chapter entitled (The Internal and External Policy of the
Sulaihi State) included three sections. The first section studied the
internal policy of the Sulaihi state, the second section addressed the
external policy of the Sulaihi state toward the Fatimid caliphate, Hejaz,
Oman, Ihsaa and India and the third section dealt with the fall of the
Sulaihi state.