Colonial Vocabulary
colony- place that is settled at a distance from the country that governs
(rules) it
colonist- a person who lives in a colony
Patroon System- the way the Dutch tried to get more people to come to
the colony New Netherlands and settle: free land was given to a colonist
if they brought 50+ people over from Holland/Netherlands)
merchant- a person who sells goods for a profit
apprentice- student of a master craft worker
assembly- a group of colonists who were allowed to make some of their
own laws
Huguenots- French people who settled in New Paltz
Palantines- German settlers that came to America and settled in
Newburgh
slavery- owning another human being as property
indentured servant- a person whose passage was paid for into the
colonies but had to repay the debt
tax- money paid to the government
Developing a Colony
1. New Netherland 
 - Holland or Netherlands claimed land along the Hudson River because of Henry
Hudson's voyages and named it New Netherlands.
 -The Dutch started setting up trading posts along the river.
 -The Dutch organized The Dutch West India Company to be in control of the trading and
the colony.
2. Two Major Settlements were developed in New Netherland.
 
- Fort Orange was along the Hudson River near the Mohawk River. It is known as
Albany today.
 - New Amsterdam was at the southern tip of New York. It started as a fort, but ended up
being a center for trade making it a very busy port. It is located in what is now called
Manhattan.  This is where the Dutch traded various items, such as beads and knives to the
Native Americans for Manhattan.
3. The Patroon System
-The Dutch were trying to get more people to settle in the new colony of New
Netherland.
- The Dutch West India Company organized a system that would bring in 50 settlers at a
time. This system was called The Patroon System.
 - The company would give a person free land in New  Netherland, if that person brought
or sent over 50  more people to settle in New Netherland.
4. Dutch Contributions
 
- steep roofs
 -two-part doors
 - stone churches
 
- cookies
- hanging stockings
 - coleslaw
 
- names of places: Bronx, Harlem, Brooklyn, Staten Island, Dutchess County
Reasons for Coming to New
Netherland
Reasons for NOT going to New
Netherland
religious freedom
a lot of unsettled land
to meet many different people
farming and trading
new food and new friends
feel safe with new rules/laws/stockades
new jobs and more wealth
couldn't leave family/friends
didn't know what to expect
have to learn new traditions
their country was safe and powerful
slavery
wars with Native Americans
Dutch West India Company was getting
greedy
could not afford to come over
to escape home country's laws
5. French Huguenots
- In 1640 many French Huguenots arrived in New Amsterdam in search of furs. The
Huguenots were a religious group who followed John Calvin. They traveled to North
America because they were treated poorly in France.
-They wanted to preserve their ways of doing things but eventually became part of the
Dutch & English cultures. Their community became known as New Paltz. Paul Revere
was a famous Huguenot.
Contributions:
a) brought a tradition of hard work & determination
b) among the 1st to believe in equal education for women and men
c) new farming ideas
d) great craftsmen: lace makers/clock makers/silversmiths/furniture makers
6. Slavery Comes to New York!
-At least one black slave sailed with C. Columbus. slavery- owning another human being
as property. They were to help w/ farming, building and with the fur trade.
-Slavery was different in NY than the south: they had half or all freedom & worked
beside indentured servants- a person whose passage was paid for into the colonies but
had to repay the debt.
-Slavery continued until after the Revolutionary War and took effect on July 4, 1827.
7. England Takes Over!
- The English had more colonies in North America than the Dutch.
- The Dutch were too weak to defeat the English so they surrendered to the English.
-New Amsterdam was now owned by King Charles II of England and renamed New
York.
Fort Orange became Albany.
-Even though the Dutch surrendered their colony the Dutch customs were shared. (The
English language was adopted!)
8. The Thirteen Colonies
-Settlers came over from Great Britain to have more freedom. GB ruled from a far.
-colony- people who reside in a new land where the 'parent' country rules from a far
- They declared their independence from GB during the American Revolution.
Northern Colonies
Middle Colonies
Southern Colonies
New Hampshire
Connecticut
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
9. French & Indian War
-In the 1750s France and Great Britain were fighting in Europe. British colonists wanted
to take over French land and its fur trade in America.
-Native Americans wanted to join in the battle against the British because they didn't
want the British to take away their land.
-The war ended in 1759 with the British taking over French land in Quebec.
- As a result of the Peace Treaty in 1763 the British got most of the French land. The
British also began taxing the colonists. (tax- money paid to the government) Colonists
were very unhappy about paying these taxes.
10. Colonial Food
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Early settlers brought seeds with them to New Netherland so they could grow vegetables
such as peas, onions and carrots. They brought along a few sheep, chickens and hogs as
well.
Native Americans taught the new arrivals how to plant, harvest and grind corn. With the
corn they made johnnycakes.
Native Americans also taught the colonists how to grow pumpkins, beans, squash, sweet
potatoes, apples, pears, cherries and more!
Good behavior was expected of children during meals. Children had to remain quiet and
excuse themselves when finished.
After the table was cleared the mother, father and children chatted around the fireplace.
The kitchen was an important room in the colonial home. Meals and activities occurred
here because of the location of the fireplace:
- meals were cooked here
- gave off heat
- provided light at night
11. Colonial Clothing
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Many of the first settlers gave little thought to clothing, wearing tattered clothes that they
came with on their backs.
Some from England dressed in fine clothes with ruffled shirts.
Colonial clothing varied by region, religion, social class and occupation.
The Dutch in NY wore the best that they could afford.
DutchWomen
-wide, full skirts
- belts around the skirts
to attach keys or scissors
- white, linen bonnets
- leather shoes with
bright silver buckles
- white starched collars
Dutch Men
Dutch Children
- brightly colored
breeches (pants that
stop above the knee)
- short coats with high,
starched, white collars
- leather shoes with
silver buckles
- dressed exactly like
adults
- instead of leather
shoes they wore wooden
ones like the children of
Holland