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​ Election of 1800 and Marbury Vs Madison
Study Guide
Election of 1800
J.Adams
Federalists
↓
T. Jefferson
Republicans
↓
​Believed in strong
Federal Gov.
Against overly powerful Federal Gov.
Supported England
Supported France
Favored the wealthy
Valued Freedom of Speech
Developed Strong Navy
Favored strict interpretation of
Constitution
Background Information About Election of 1800.
In 1800, five men ran for President of the United States. Three candidates won the majority of
the electoral votes. ​Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr each received 73 electoral votes​.
John Adams received 65 electoral votes. Since no clear winner emerged, t​ he election was
sent to the House of Representatives.​ After many votes, ​Alexander Hamilton urged
members of the House of Representatives to vote for Jefferson. ​ In the end, Thomas
Jefferson was elected the third President of the United States.
Marbury vs Madison
Near the end of John Adams’ term in office, he was forced to appoint a new Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court as Justice Oliver Ellsworth resigned. T
​ he new Chief Justice was John
Marshall​.​ Shortly thereafter, with just days remaining in his Presidency, Mr. Adams appointed
42 new justices of the peace in the District of Columbia and Alexandria, Virginia. These
appointments were made official the day before Thomas Jefferson took over as President. One
of the justices named William Marbury, became upset when he realized that James Madison,
the Secretary of State, intentionally had not served him with the official papers appointing him
justice. In response, ​ ​William Marbury ​sued J
​ ames Madison​, ​taking his case directly to the
U.S. Supreme Court. In reviewing the case, the Supreme court looked very carefully at two
important documents. They were ​The Constitution​, and ​The Judiciary Act.
When the trial was over, Mr. Marbury had lost the case, but a very important ​right was given to
The Supreme Court.​ It is known as ​JUDICIAL REVIEW. (​ Judges review cases before they take
them to see if they are important enough to be in the court system)
Political Cartoons
Review the cartoons below. You will see them on the quiz and be asked questions about each.
In this cartoon you can see that the Legislative Branch is lined up on the scrimmage line to play
against the Executive Branch in a football game. Both sides (l​egislative and executive​) ​are
large ​have a good bit of​ strength​ to battle it out. The referees, known as ​ ​The Judicial Branch
will take a very active role in the game. The caption refers to the ​Judicial Branch lacking the
checks to balance the government.​ ​They ​will use The Constitution to rule the game a
​ nd
keep both branches in order.
This cartoon supports the Federalists
Party​. It depicts Thomas Jefferson trying to burn the Constitution. The Federalist believed that if
Thomas Jefferson became President he would destroy our country.