01 Reconstruction Plans.notebook

01 Reconstruction Plans.notebook
August 16, 2010
What time period in United States History do you think this photo is from?
What just occurred or what just happened in this photo? How do you know?
Describe what challenges lies ahead for the people in this photo.
Aug 20­7:24 AM
Civil War ends. (Review Retrospective Civil War Notes in packet)
Brainstorm and Discuss:
­What issues lay ahead that need immediate attention?
­How to bring South back into Union?
­Who will set rules for this? (Congress or President?)
­How to rebuild South? $, who, priorities?
­How to integrate former slaves into nation?
Aug 4­3:16 PM
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01 Reconstruction Plans.notebook
August 16, 2010
Three major periods within Reconstruction Era (1865­1877):
Phase 1:
Presidential Reconstruction: Lincoln
Johnson
Phase 2:
Congressional Reconstruction: Radical Republicans in Congress
Phase 3:
Military Reconstruction: US Army occupied South
Aug 4­3:36 PM
Plans for Reconstruction (1865­1877)
­The Civil War had devastated most Southern cities and the South’s economy.
­The gov’t had to deal with Reconstruction, or rebuilding the South after the Civil War.
­Main concern:
How would the former Confederate states rejoin the Union?
(Be nice to them, or be harsh?)
Competing plans emerged as the war was ending:
­­Abraham Lincoln: grant amnesty to Southerners that pledged to be loyal
Military commanders supervise reconstruction
10% of each state who voted in 1860 agree to terms
Lincoln pocket vetoed Wade Davis bill which is below:
­­Radical Republicans:
many Republicans in Congress
­prevent Confederate leaders from returning to power. ­help African­Americans achieve political equality (right to vote) in the South.
­majority oath required in each state, also an 'iron clad" oath Why do you think Lincoln wanted to "go easy?"
Why did other Republicans want to "be harsh?"
Aug 3­8:23 AM
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01 Reconstruction Plans.notebook
August 16, 2010
­Lincoln (R) wanted to go easy on South, preserve Union.
­Radical Republicans wanted to punish South, gain power by changing voting demographics of South
­­most Southerners were Democrats
­­Rad. Reps. thought African­Americans would vote Republican if given chance.
­Andrew Johnson (Lincoln's VP) was a Southerner, had stayed loyal to Union.
­When Lincoln assassinated in 1865, Radical Republicans distrusted the new President.
New President Andrew Johnson's Plan for Reconstruction:
­grant amnesty to all southerners
­former Confederate officers NOT eligible for amnesty (compromise)
­Southern states HAD TO ratify 13th Amendment (abolish slavery) to be readmitted to US.
­by 1866 most state eligible to rejoin Union. Congress felt Johnson was abusing his power, a power struggle will emerge.
DISCUSS: Result of amnesty to Southerners?
Many Southerners were returned to Congress.
DISCUSS: Would Radical Republicans like this?
Aug 3­8:31 AM
Based upon the large display of public mourning following Lincoln's assassination, what would you describe the opinion of the general public?
Important Terms:
readmitted by 1870
military reconstruction
sharecropping/tenant farmers
Grant, Hayes
Aug 3­8:42 AM
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01 Reconstruction Plans.notebook
August 16, 2010
Five days after the assassination, the largest manhunt in US History to that point had still failed to capture Booth and all of his fellow conspirators, leading the gov't to offer substaintial rewards for their apprehension. At the time, Booth was moving slowly through Maryland, hiding for days at a time in the open country or sheltered by residents sympathetic to his crime. "I am here in despair, and why: for doing what Brutus was honored for, what made William Tell a hero. And yet I for striking down a tyrant greater than they ever knew am looked upon as a common cutthroat. My action was purer than theirs, I hoped for no gain, I knew no private wrong. I struck for my country and that alone."
April 26th he was cornered in a barn in N. Virginia and was shot and mortally wounded. Aug 16­7:42 AM
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