Bibliography of the Cereal Leaf Beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.)
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)1
SUSAN
L. BATTENFIELD,'
STANLEY
Extensive reference lists or selected bibliographies
about
the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.), a pest of
small grains, have been published
by Venturi (1942),
Grison et al. (1963), Anonymous
(1967), and Wellso et
al. (1969). A renewed interest in the cereal leaf beetle
as a pest of small grains occurred
in 1962 when the
insect was initially identified
in North America
from
specimens
collected in southern Michigan.
Since 1962,
the insect has spread eastward with the prevailing winds
to the Atlantic Ocean and now occupies
an area from
G. WELLSO/
AND DEAN
L. HAYNES'
R. C. 1968. The biology and ecology of Anaphes
Mymaridae), an exotic
egg parasite of the cereal leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysom~lidae). Ph.D. thesis, Purdue University, W. Lafayelle,
Ind. 148 pp.
Anderson, R. C., and J. D. Paschke. 1968. The biology and
ecology of Anaphesflavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) an
exotic egg parasite of the cereal leaf beetle. Ann. Entomol.
Soc. Am. 6: 1-5.
1969. Additional observations on the biology of Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with special reference to
the effects of temperature and superparasitism on development. Ibid. 62: 1316-1321.
1969. Factors affecting the post-release dispersal of Anaphes
flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with notes on its postrelease development, efficiency, and emergence. Ibid. 63:
820---828.
1970. A biological evaluation of five European cultures of
Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasite of Ou/ema me/anopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).
Entomophaga 15: 107-120.
Angelet, G. W. 1965. Natural enemies of the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema me/anopus (L.), and the related species Ou/ema
/ichenis (L.). USDA/ARS Spec. Rep. PI-7. 17 pp.
Anglade, P., R. Roerich, G. Maurin, and P. Lecigne. 1976.
Cereal leaf beetle (Ou/ema me/anopus (L.)): study of its
damage in Aquitaine. Def. Veg. 30: 85-88, 93-100.
Anonymous. 1958. A leaf beetle (Lema me/anopa (L.)). U.S.
Dep. Agric. Coop. Econ. Insect Rep. 8: 11-12.
1967. Bibliography on cereal leaf beetle (Ou/ema me/anopus
(L.). Ibid. 17: 1017-1020.
1972. Integrated pest management. Council of Environmental
Quality, U.S. Government Printing Office, No. 4111-0010.
1975. Cereal leaf beetle vs. long wheat hairs. Agric. Res. 23:
12-13.
Averin, V. G. 1913. Report on the appearance and activity of
insect pests. Bull. Agric. Dis. Means Comballing Them 3:
21-22.
Balachowsky, A., and L. Mesuil. 1935. Lema me/anopa L.,
pp. 788-795. In Les insectes nusibles aux plantes cultivees.
Est. Busson, Paris.
Baniecki, J. F., and J. E. Weaver. 1972. The cereal leaf
beetle in West Virginia. W. Va. Agric. Exp. Stn. CurL
Rep. 60: 1-8.
Barr, R. 0., P. C. Cota, S. H. Gage, D. L. Haynes, A. N.
Kharkar, H. E. Koenig, K. Y. Lee, W. G. Ruesink, and
R. L. Tummala.
1973. Ecologically and economically
compatible pest control. Mem. Ecol. Soc. Aus!. I: 241-
Anderson,
flavipes (Foerster) (Hymenoptera:
southern
Canada to North Carolina
and west to Missouri. About 25% of the small grains now grown in the
United States are confined
within this area, and since
1972 the insect has been established
in Missouri,
west
of the Mississippi
River. Its population
has not spread
further west than several counties adjacent to the Mississippi
River.
More recently,
the insect has been
spreading northwestward
to Wisconsin.
Cereal leaf beetle research in America established
the
insect's rate of movement,
evaluated
the biology of the
insect, and assessed the insect's potential
for damage.
Chemical controls were shown to be very effective against
the beetle and have been used only infrequently.
Four
Eurasian
parasitoids
are established
and appear to be
important
in suppressing
the beetle's
population,
and
resistant wheat germ plasm is available and can be used
to suppress the cereal leaf beetle population
if needed.
The references
reported
herein document
recent research as well as previous Eurasian studies. The references reported were compiled from the Review of Applied
Entomology,
the Zoological
Record,
Biological
Abstracts, Dissertation
Abstracts,
and various colleagues.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Agricultural
Research Service, U.S. Department
of Agriculture. 1967. The cereal leaf beetle program. Situation
report of ARS, USDA, cooperating with state regulatory
and research agencies. 25 pp.
Ali, A. W. M., T. Wetzel, and W. Heyer. 1977. Results of
studies on the' effective temperature of different developmental stages of the cereal leaf beetle (Lema spp.). E. Arch.
Phytopathol. PfIanzenschutz 13: 425-433.
1979. Results of investigations concerning the influence of
temperature and humidity on the mortality of cereal leaf
beetles (Oulema spp.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in different developmental stages. Ibid. IS: 205-212.
1980. Studies on the dormancy of the blue cereal leaf beetle
(Ou/ema lichen is Voet) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Ibid.
16: 199-207.
2M.
Barton,
L. C. 1968. The mass culture and field release of
Anaphesflavipes (Foerster) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an
egg parasite of the cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus
(L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). M.S. thesis, Michigan
State University, E. Lansing. 153 pp.
Barton, L. E., and F. W. Stehr. ]970. Normal development
of Anaphes flavipes in cereal leaf beetle eggs killed with
X-radiation, and potential field use. J. Econ. Entomo!. 63:
128-130.
'Mich. Agric. Exp. Stn. Journal Articlc Number 10191. Rcccivcd for publication 14 April 1982.
'Dept. of Entomology.
Michigan Sta,e University. East Lansing. MI 48824.
'USDA. SEA. ARS. Dept. of Entomology.
Michigan Slatc Univcrsity. Eo"
Lansing. Mi 48824.
291
© 1982 Entomological Society of America
0013-8754/82/0302-9111$01.00/0
292
BULLETIN OF THE
Dedin, D. P., and K. A. Slivkina. 1972. Cereal leaf beetle
in eastern Kazakhstan. Tr. Kax. Nauchno-issled Inst. Zashch.
Rast.II:30S-3l4.
Bereza, K. 1974. Cereal leaf beetle. Can. Agric. Pest. Rev.
52: 16.
1977. Cereal leaf beetle. Ibid. 55: 31-32.
Blair, B. D. 1974. Cereal leaf beetle, Coleoptera, wheat, oats.
Ohio insect information. Ohio State Univ. Coop. Ext. Servo
5: 3-4.
Bjegovic, P. 1967. Meigenia mutabilis Fall. (Diptera: Tachinidae) as a parasite of Ou/ema me/anopa L. and its relation
to Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (SE). Zast. Bilja 18: 93100.
1971. Contribution to the knowledge of the cereal leaf beetle
Lema me/anopa natural enemies. Ibid. 22: 173-184.
1972. Roll of the egg parasite Anaphes j1avipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in population dynamics of the cereal leaf
beetle, Lema me/anopa (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). Ibid.
23: 207-215.
1976. Meigenia mutabilis Fall. as a parasite of the cereal
beetle (Lema melanopa L.) and its behavior toward the
Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). In Selected
articles from plant protection,
1950-1970
4: 605-611.
1976. Some biological characteristics of the damsel bug, Nabis feroides Rm. (Hemiptera: Naridae) and its part in regulating population dynamics of the cereal leaf beetle, Lema
me/anopa L. Ibid. 4: 661-670.
den Boer, P. H. 1971. Stabilization of anima] numbers and
the heterogeneity of the environment: the problem of the
persistence of sparse populations, pp. 77-97. P. J. den Boer
and G. R. Gradwell [eds.], Centre Agric. Publ. Doc., Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Borg, A. 1959. The grain leaf beetle (Lema me/anopa L.}--a
common harmful insect, summer 1959. Vaxtskyddsnotiser
23: 63-67. (in Swedish)
Brandenburg,
R. 1975. Measuring the microclimatic parameters for the cereal leaf beetle. M.S. thesis, Michigan Siale
University, E. Lansing.
Brazzel, J. R. 1969. Environmental control measures used in
plant pest control programs. In E. V. Komarek, Sr., [chairman]. Proc. Tall Timbers Conf. Ecol. Anim. Control Habitat Manage. I: 29-35. Tallahassee, Fla.
Brennan, P. A. 1967. Effect of different types of radiation on
various life stages of cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus
(L.). Ph.D. thesis, Michigan State University, E. Lansing.
115 pp.
Burger, T. L. 1980 .. Status of a biological control program
against the cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).
51st Annu. Meet. Eastern Branch
EntomoJ. Soc. Am. J. N.Y. EntomoJ. Soc. 88: 39.
Burger, T. L., and M. C. Holmes. 1972. A modified Buchner
funnel for dispensing eggs of the cereal leaf beetle and the
three-lined potato beetIe for parasite production. J. Econ.
Entomol. 65: 1185-1186.
Burger, T. L., C. H. Billingsley, R. M. Philips, and B. W.
Hosler. 1971. A process for deglutination of insect eggs.
J. Econ. Entomol. 64: 1253-1255.
Butcher, J. W. 1963. Cereal leaf beetIe sprays on non-target
organisms. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. 9: 175 (abstr. no.
300).
1965. The cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopa (L.). Regulatory action and associated side-effect studies resulting from
insecticidal treatment. In P. Freeman [ed.], Proc. 121h Int.
Congr. Entomol., Royal Entomologica] Society of London,
London. 9a: 593.
Butcher, J. W., J. Maki, and J. Fahey. 1964. Arthropod
population changes attributable to Japanese beetle and cer-
ESA
Vol. 28 no. 3
eal leaf beetle control in Michigan. Proc. N. Cent. Branch
Entomo!. Soc. Am. 19: 132-133.
Byers, R. A., and K. E. Zeiders. 1976. Effect of spray irrigation with municipal sewage effluent on the cereal leaf
beetle and the fruittly infesting reed canarygrass. J. Environ. Qual. 5: 205-206.
Campbell, M. A. 1970. Current status of the cereal leaf beetle.
Crop Qual. Counc. Crop Prod. Conf. Rep. 37: 53-57.
Cardinal, J. A. 1974. Insectes ravageurs faisantl'abiet
d'une
legislation federale au Quebec: leurs conditions en 1973.
Ann. Soc. Entomol. Que. 19: 115.
Cardinal, J. A., and A. Caron. 1976. Damaging insects controlled by federal legislation in Quebec, Canada: conditions
in 1975. Ibid. 21: 79-80.
Carey, W. E. 1968. Effects of X-ray radiation on survival of
the cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus (L.). Ph.D. thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, 54 pp.
Carl, K. P. 1972. Current projects of biological control of
agricultural and orchard pests introduced from Europe. Anz.
Schaedlingskd Ptlanzenschutz 45: 177-182.
Caron, A. 1977. Destructive insects controlled by federal legislation in Quebec, Canada: their status in 1976. Ann. Soc.
Enlomo\. Que. 22: 126-127.
Clark, R. V. 1978. Distribution and severity of root and leaf
diseases and cereal leaf beetle damage on barley in western
Ontario, Canada. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 58: 33-38.
Cobb, D. L., and R. F. Ruppel. 1976. A self-propelled machine for mass collection of insects. ARS/USDA NC 43. 9
pp.
Cobb, D. L., B. L. Doyle, J. A. Webster, D. H. Smith, Jr.,
and D. K. Ries. 1977. Rear-mounted planter for small
grain yield trials. Agron. J. 69: 869-898.
1978. A tractor-mounted row marker using a rotating barrel.
Ibid. 70: 685-686.
Connin, R. V., and R. A. Hoopingarner.
1971. Sexual behavior and diapause of the cereal leaf beetle. Ou/ema me/anopus. Ann. Entomo!. Soc. Am. 64: 655-660.
Connin, R. V., and O. K. Jantz. 1969. Some effects of
photoperiod and cold storage on oviposition of the cereal
leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Mich. Entomol. I: 363-366.
Connin, R. V., D. L. Cobb, J. C. Arnsman,
and M. S.
Gomulinski.
1966a. Laboratory rearing of the cereal leaf
beetle, Ou/ema melanopa (L.). Entomol. Res. Div. USDAI
ARS Rep. W-222.
Connin, R. V., D. L. Cobb, M. S. Gomulinski, and J. C.
Arnsman. 1966b. Plaster of paris as an aid in rearing insects pupating in the soil. J. Econ. Entomo!. 59: 1530.
Connin, R. V., O. K. Jantz, and W. S. Bowers. 1967.
Termination of diapause in the cereal leaf beetle by hormones. J. Econ. Entomo!. 60: 1752-]753.
Connin, R. V., D. L. Cobb, J. C. Arnsman, and G. Lawson. 1968. Mass rearing of the cereal leaf beetle in the
laboratory. USDAIARS Rep. 33-125. II pp.
Coulman, G. A., S. Riece, and R. L. Tummala. 1972. Population modeling: a systems approach. Science 175: 4021.
Croft, B. A., J. L. Howes, and S. M. Welch. 1976. A computer-based extension pest management delivery system.
Environ. Entomol. 5: 20-34.
Crombie, A. C. 1942. The effect of crowding upon the oviposition of grain-infesting insects. J. Exp. BioI. 19: 311340.
1944. On intraspecific and interspecific competition in larvae
of graminivorous insects. Ibid. 20: 135-] 51.
Crop Quality Council. 1962. Cereal leaf beetle-foreign
insect invades Michigan and Indiana. Crop Qual. Counc. Spec.
Bull. CLB 024. 2 pp.
September
1982
BATIENFIELD.
ET AL.: LEAF
Cummings,
R. B. 1974. Cereal leaf beetle parasitoid release
program. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 82: 229.
Dahms, R. G. 1962. A new cereal leaf beetle in the United
States. Oat Newsl. 13: 24-25.
Dandurand,
A. First mention of the CLB Ou/ema me/anopus
new record (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Quebec, Canada. Phytoprotection 57: 57-61. (in French)
De Meirleire, H. 1971. Two Chrysomelid parasites of cereals.
Phytoma 226: 33-34.
Denton, W. H. 1970. Effects of temperature and relative humidity on preimaginal development of Anaphes flavipes
(Foerster) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an exotic egg parasite of the cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). M.S. thesis, Purdue University, W.
Lafayette, Ind. 66 pp.
1973. Overwintering in the cereal leaf beetle, Ou/ema me/anopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).
Ph.D. thesis, Purdue
University, W. Lafayette, Ind. 140 pp.
Doward, K. 1962. European cereal pest found in Michigan.
Agric. Chem. 17: 59.
Dumbadze, A. I. 1972. Testing several chemical preparations
against the cereal leaf beetle in the eastern part of the Georgian-SSR, USSR. Tr. Inst. Zasch. Rast. Akad Nauk Gruz
SSR 23: 65-69.
Dysart, R. J., H. L. Maltby, and M. H. Brunson. 1973.
Larval parasites of Ou/ema melanopus (L.) in Europe and
their colonization in the United States. Entomophaga 18:
133-167.
Ellis, C. R., D. G. Harcourt, and D. Dubois-Martin.
1978.
The current status in Ontario of Tetrastichus julis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a parasitoid of the cereal leaf beetle.
Proc. Entomol. Soc. Ont. 109: 23-26.
Everson, E. H., R. L. Gallun, J. A. Schillinger, Jr., D. H.
Smith, and J. C. Craddock.
1966. Geographic distribution of resistance in Triticum to the cereal leaf beetle. Q.
Bull. Mich. Agric. Exp. Stn. Michigan State University E.
Lansing 48: 565-569.
Ezueh, M. I. 1966. Chemosterilization of Ou/ema melanopus
(L.) with apho]ate and triphenyl tin hydroxide. M.S. thesis,
Michigan State University.
E. Lansing. 39 pp.
Ezueh, M. I., and R. A. Hoopingarner.
1967. Apholate chemosterilization of the cereal leaf beetle. J. Econ. Entomol.
60: 907-910.
Favinger, J. J. 1962. A new insect pest: cereal leaf beetle
Ou/ema me/anopa (L.). Outdoor Indiana 6: 2-4.
1976. Cereal leaf beetle parasite program in Indiana, USA.
Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 86: 227.
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of the cereal leaf beetle. Ou/ema me/anopa (L.) in Indiana,
in 1962. Ibid. 72: 167-]68.
Feytaud, J. 1924. Un parasite de la miliade, Lema. Rev. Zool.
Agric. Appl. 23: 158-161. (in French)
Fisher, P. D., R. H. Caron, R. L. Walton, and D. L. Haynes.
1973. Automated approach to the biological survey for pest
management systems. In Shahrohki, F. [ed.]. Remote sensing of earth resources. Space Institute, University of Tennessee, Tullahoma.
Fulton, W. C. 1975. Monitoring cereal leaf beetle larval populations. M.S. thesis. Michigan State University, E. Lansing. 108 pp.
1978. Development of a model for on-line control of the cereal
leaf beetle (Ou/ema melanopus (L.)). Ph.D. thesis. Michigan State University, E. Lansing. 130 pp.
Fulton, W. C., and D. L. Haynes. 1975. Computer mapping
in pest management. Environ. Entomol. 4: 357-360.
BEETLE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
293
1977. The use of regression equations to increase the usefulness of historical temperature data in on-line pest management. Ibid. 6: 393-399.
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294
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OF THE
ESA
Vol. 28, no. 3
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Sawyer, A. J., and D. L. Haynes. 1978. Allocating limited
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493-496.
1967b. A morpho]ogical leaf character affecting feeding behavior of the cereal leaf beetle. Proc. N. Cent. Branch
Entomo!. Soc. Am. 22: 99 (abstract).
1968. The impact of summer emerged cereal leaf beetle adults
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1969. Oviposition of the cereal leaf beetle. Proc. Ibid. 24:
22. (abstract)
Shearman, L. L., C. R. OUen, B. L. Marchetti, and E. H.
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ESA
Vol. 28, no. 3
Smith, D. H., Jr., T. Ninan, E. Rathke, and C. E. Cress.
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Registration of nine germplasm lines of hard red winter
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]980. Registration of six germplasm sources for cereal leaf
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Smith, D. H., Jr., J. A. Webster, and E. J. Grafius. 1981.
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Steidl, R. P., J. A. Webster, and D. H. Smith, Jr, 1979.
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September
1982
BATIENFIELD, ET AL.: LEAF BEETLE BIBLIOGRAPHY
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ESA
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1963b. Outlook for the cereal leaf beetle. Proc. N. Cent.
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1966. Outlook for the cereal leaf beetle. Ibid. 20: 99-100.
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Wilson, M.C., and R. ·E. Shade. 1964. The influence of
various Gramineae on weight gains of postdiapause adults
of the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopa (Coleoptera:
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1966, Survival and development of larvae of the cereal leaf
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1967. Relative attractiveness of various luminescent colors to
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Wilson, M. C., R. E. Shade, and R. K. Stiners. 1967. The
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Wellso, S. G. 1968. Rearing the cereal leaf beetle on an artificial diet. Ibid. 23: 71 (abstract).
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1972. Reproductive systems of the cereal leaf beetle. Comparison of morphology during seasonal development. Ann.
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1974. Aestivation in relation to oviposition initiation in the
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1979. Cereal leaf beetle: interaction with and ovipositional
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1980. Cereal leaf beetle pupation under controlled temperatures and relative humidities. Environ. Entomol. 10: 5861.
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Wellso, S. G., W. G. Ruesink, and S. H. Gage. 1975. Cereal
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Westwood, J. D. 1849. Criocrerus melanopa. Gardeners Chron.
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68 pp.
1981. Cereal leaf beetle resistance of pubescent Avena satival
Avena steri/is hybrids. 93rd Meet. Iowa Acad. Sci. Cedar
Rapids. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 88: I.
White, L. 1967. Identification of the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema
melanopus. USDA, Plant Pest Control Div., Coop. Econ.
Insect. Rep. 17: 250.
Yun, Y. M, 1964. Laboratory and field studies of insecticides
for the control of the cereal leaf beetle. M.S. thesis, Michigan State University, E. Lansing. 76 pp.
Am. 22: 99.
Wilson, M, C., R. E. Treece, and R. E. Shade. 1969a. 1968
cereal leaf beetle infestation and oats crop loss survey. Coop.
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Wilson, M. c., R. E. Treece, R. E. Shade, K. M. Day, and
R. K. Stivers. 1969b. Impact of cereal leaf beetle larvae
on yields of oats. J. Econ. Entomol. 62: 699-702.
Winiarska,
W, 1973. On the biology of Lema cyanella (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae). Pol. Pismo. Entomol. 43: 373-381.
September
1982
BATTENFIELD,
ET AL.: LEAF BEETLE
1965. Some effects of environment of the cereal leaf beetle.
Proc. N. Cent. Branch EntomoL Soc. Am. 20: 65.
1967. Effects of some physical and biological factors on the
reproduction, development, survival, and behavior of the
cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.), under laboratory
conditions. Ph.D. thesis, Michigan State University, E.
Lansing. 153 pp.
Yun, Y. M., and R. Ruppel. 1965. Laboratory studies of
insecticides for control of the cereal leaf beetle. Q. Bull.
Vladimir Novak
Ferdinand Hrozinka
Bohumil Stary
Atlas of Insects Harmful to
Forest Trees
VOLUME
301
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mich. Agric. Exp. Stn. Michigan State University, E. Lansing. 47: 316-327.
Yun, Y. M., and R. F. Ruppel. 1964a. Effect of some insecticides on the eggs of Ou/ema me/anopus (L.). Ibid. 46:
382-385.
1964b. Toxicity of insecticide to a coccinellid predator of the
cereal leaf beetle. J. Econ. EntomoL 57: 835-837.
Volume 1of this two-part work includes the most important forest insects of conifers and
broad-leaved trees in Europe. The authors prepared this book on the basis of living insect
specimens.
I
pogc>including115 colorploles.9\0 x
IW,. hordco\'cr. ISBN 0-444-99874-8
1976. 125
\
\
~'
The excellent colored plates illustrate the sexual dimorphism and color variability of the
imagines. as well as the larval developmental stages and characteristic gall- ry patterns of the
larvae. In the case of large natural variability. the authors used specimens that appeared to
represent Ihe mosl common type in Ihe field. Imporlant variations have been indicaled in the
drawings: in all other cases variations are described in the texl.
The text contains information on the morphology of imagines and all larval stages as wellas
symptoms of injuries. characteristic to individual species. A shorl section on the bio-economic
aspects of harmful insects is also included.
For easy identification. individual pests are listed according to host Irees and. within this
framework.lhe individual species are arranged according to entomological systematics. Polyphagous species are associated with their principal host. references to other host trees being
made in the lext.
The atlas may be used
as an aid to compare all
Maillhis form wilh payment to:
stages of t he developESA, Box 4104, Hyattsville,MD 20781
ments
of
the
individual
pests.
The authors follow the
International RulesofZoological Nomenclature as
approved at the 5th International Congress in London, 1958.
This volume should be
useful to students of entomology. biology. and, in
particular. forestry, and
those working in the field
of insect management.
R
of cupies
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objective with far greater resources via seminars and
workshops. Newsletters and other publications further
strengthen
-Robert
my performance in the marketplace."
W. Jenkins, ABC Pest Control. San Antonio. Texas
"As a supplier to the pest control industry, I'm as good as my
response to the PCO's needs. That requires a lot of listening
so I'm equipped to present new challenges to our product
development people. NPCA'sannual convention is an
invaluable sounding board for me and my company. giving
me an opportunity to meet with a cross-section of PCO
professionals who are committed to their business."
-Thomas
Forshaw, III. President,
Charlotte. North Carolina
Forshaw
Chemicals.
Inc .•
"If legislation and regulations are going to be mutually
beneficial to the homeowner, the businessman. and the
environmentalist, Government must continue to draw on the
expertise and the insight of organizations such as Purdue
University's Department of Entomology and the National Pest
Control Association. Although NPCA'sprincipal benefit is to
its membership, it performs a tremendous service to the
community-at-Iarge. "
-L.a.
Nelson. Member. Governing Board. American
Control Officials. Washington. D.C.
Association
Pesticide
Membership in the National Pest Control
Association Today Isn't a Luxwy;
It's a Necessity!
Call (703) 790-8300 Today For Your Application
Or Write NPCA.8150 Leesburg Pike, Vienna, VA22180
Any One OJOur Services Would Pay For Your Dues!
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