UNABoulderCounty•February2017•WorldOrder#2•SeriesBackground
PlanningforWorldOrder#2Series
ThetermWorldOrder2.0isfromRichardHaassin“WorldOrder2.0:TheCaseforSovereignObliga@on,”
inForeignAffairs,January–February2017.
WORLDORDER#1Responsetothecarnageofwar
Background:
Firstfamilies,thenclans,thentribes,thencitystate(theythenjoined-byconquest
usually-todealwithwaterissues(NileandTigrisEuphrates.)
ThenempireswithleadersconsideredGods.thentheRomanCatholicChurchtookover
intheWest;ArabicCaliphatesintheEastoutofwhichcanetheguidingideaofthe
DivineRightofKings.TheReforma@onmessedthisupsowarsragedcenteredon
[email protected]@onofaworldorderfor
Europe.ThissetthebasisforWorldOrder#1.
WorldOrder#1:
PeaceofWestphalia-1648-ends30yearsWar-religion(from1515andProtestan@sm)
andPoli@cs(movefromDivineRightofKingstoSovereignStateswithestablished
borders)
Setsstandardfor400years.Sovereignstates(NATIONS)withestablishedborders=
NATIONALISM.Basedonlanguage,ethnicity,culturaltradi@ons,religion(somewhat.)
Na4onalismisacomplex,mul@dimensionalconceptinvolvingasharedcommunal
iden@fica@onwithone'[email protected]@calideologyorientedtowardsgainingand
maintainingself-governance,orfullsovereignty,overaterritoryofhistoricalsignificance
tothegroup(suchasitshomeland).Na@onalismthereforeholdsthatana4onshould
governitself,freefromunwantedoutsideinterference,andislinkedtotheconceptof
[email protected]@onalismisfurtherorientedtowardsdevelopingandmaintaining
ana@onaliden@tybasedonsharedcharacteris@cssuchasculture,language,religion,
poli@calgoalsand/orabeliefinacommonancestry. Na@onalismthereforeseeksto
preservethena@on'sculture.Itojenalsoinvolvesasenseofprideinthena@on's
achievements,[email protected],
na@onalismcanbeposi@[email protected]
RULESFORITSELF,THATITSBORDERSAREINVIOLABLE,ANDTHELEADERSDEALWITH
LEADERSOFOTHERNATIONS.
[1][2]
Notalwaysfollowed:
1-Napoleon’sanempttocreateaFrenchempireoutofEuropefails-CONGRESSOF
VIENNArevertstoWestphaliaandWorldOrder#1
2-Unifica@onofGermanyandItaly-commonlanguage,commonculturaltradi@ons-
seenascrea@onoftheGerman/ItalianNATIONS
3-19thcenturyImperialism-DivideupAfricaandNearEastdrawingborderlines
withoutregardforna@onalism.(alsoIndia-takenoverleavingstatestoexistunder
Bri@shoversight-2-17-Discassign-introworldorder2;China;triedtotakeover-
areasgrantedfortrade.)
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UNABoulderCounty•February2017•WorldOrder#2•SeriesBackground
THENWORLDWARI,CHAOS,LEAGUEOFNATIONSandWORLDWARII-NEW
ORGANIZATIONSBASEDONNEEDTOAVOIDWAR
BUTCENTEREDONTHENATIONSTATEANDSOVEREIGNTY.
1945-UNITEDNATIONS-SecurityCouncil-15NATIONS-5permanent,withveto
power;10rotate.GeneralAssembly-EveryNATIONwithONEVOTE.
1990-FALLOFBERLINWALL-PresidentG.H.W.Bushspeechon@mefora“newworld
order.”
2000-UNCHANGES-R2P-ResponsibilitytoProtect-changesideaofsovereigntyto
allowNATIONStointerveneindomes@caffairsofotherNATIONStoprotecttheHUMAN
RIGHTSofitsci@zens.
2017-SUGGESTION-NATIONShaveaSOVEREIGNOBLIGATION-SeeRichardHaass
CHANGESINTHEWORLDFROM1945TO2017THATIMPACTTHEFORMOFWORLD
ORDER#1ESTABLISHEDIN1945(UN)
ECONOMICGROWTH-trade,borderscollapsewithfreetrade,opencapitalmarkets,
manufacturingchangeswithrobots,internetexplosion,agriculturalrevolu@ons,unequal
distribu@onofresults,theCloud(SupernovatoTomFriedman)increasesspeedofdevelopment,
Airbnbcreatesanewbusinessmodel,(Sta@s@c-1990totalofbusinessflowingbetweenna@ons was$5trillionor24%ofGDP;in2014itwas$30trillionor39%ofGDP)
(seeprogramsofChinesetoprovidealterna@vestotheUNgroupsandmul@-lateraltrade
agreements.)
IMFInterna@onalMonetaryFundWashington,D.C.,UnitedStatesChris@neLagarde1945
WBGWorldBankGroupWashington,D.C,UnitedStatesJimYongKim1945
ILOInterna@onalLabourOrganiza@on
Geneva,SwitzerlandGuyRyder
IMOInterna@onalMari@meOrganiza@onLondon,UnitedKingdomKitackLim1948
FAOFoodandAgricultureOrganiza@onRome,ItalyJoséGrazianodaSilva1945
TOPICFORASESSION
GLOBALIZATION-UNonlyglobalorganiza@on-50organiza@onstryingtocoordinate-telling
whataretheidealwaytobehavebutNATIONALISMgoesagainstitSEEEU-EUROPEANUNION
-expandedtoomuch?tooquickly?(Greatpost-ColdWarerrorofUS-movingNATOeast
becomingthreattothe“sovereignbordersofRussia.)DolawsofEUimpactculturaltradi@ons
(na@onalism)?rapiddevelopmentwithtransportchanges,web,economicgrowthbreaking
downborders,benefitstofew?many?advantages?travel,culturalsharing,(Sta@s@c-1984-
1,000internetconnecteddevices;1992-1millioninternetconnecteddevices;2008-10billion
internetconnecteddevices;2020-50billioninternetconnecteddevices-weakensNa@onalism
—ordoesit?
UN=SecurityCouncil,GeneralAssembly,
UNWTOUnitedNa@onsWorldTourismOrganiza@on
Madrid,SpainTalebRifai1974
ITInterna@onalTelecommunica@onUnionGeneva,SwitzerlandHamadounTouré1865
UPUUniversalPostalUnionBern,SwitzerlandBisharAbdirahmanHussein1947
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UNABoulderCounty•February2017•WorldOrder#2•SeriesBackground
ICAOInterna@onalCivilAvia@onOrganiza@onMontreal,CanadaRaymondBenjamin1947
TOPICFORASESSION
HEALTH-Virusesdon’tseeborders.travelintensifiesspread,whatdoesthesovereignstatedo?
WHOWorldHealthOrganiza@onGeneva,SwitzerlandMargaretChan1948
UNODCUnitedNa@onsOfficeonDrugsandCrimeVienna,AustriaYuriFedotov1997
TOPICFORASESSION
NUCLEARPROLIFERATION-Thepoweroftheweaponswhenusedforana@onssovereign
interests,won’tseeborders.whoshouldcontrol,whatisneeded
IAEAInterna@onalAtomicEnergyAgencyVienna,AustriaYukiyaAmano1957
TOPICFORASESSION
COUNTERTERRORISM-newtypeofwarfare,notna@onalstates,crossesborders,ideology
driven.isitNa@onalismorbacktoreligionorwhat?howcombatit
UN=Interna@onalCourtsforhumanrightsviola@onsbutajerthat?
TOPICFORASESSION
CYBERSPACE-anothernewtypeofwarfare,noborderscanstopit,impactselec@ons,research
anddevelopment,atoolofasovereignstatebutnoboundaries
WIPOWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganiza@onGeneva,Switzerland
FrancisGurry1974
ITUInterna@onalTelecommunica@onUnionGeneva,SwitzerlandHamadounTouré1865
TOPICFORASESSION
REFUGEES-worldwideproblem,morethatajerWorldWarII,theyseenoborders,abandon
theiriden@ty?orbringitwiththem?tensions.-phones-Frenchannounceshipswith
handicappedallowedin,withindaysshipsbegancomingwithwheelchairboundindividuals.)
UN-TheOfficeoftheUnitedNa4onsHighCommissionerforRefugees(UNHCR),alsoknown
astheUNRefugeeAgency,isaUnitedNa@onsprogrammemandatedtoprotectandsupport
refugeesattherequestofagovernmentortheUNitselfandassistsintheirvoluntary
repatria@on,localintegra@onorresenlementtoathirdcountry.
TOPICFORASESSION
CLIMATECHANGE-seesnoborders,threattoworld,naturalormanmade?
UN-ParisAgreementonClimateChange(2016)
TOPICFORASESSION
DISCUSSIONSERIES-LastThursdayofthemonth(GEOPOLITICS)
Each@me,theseries,undertheumbrellaWorldOrder#2,willfocusononeoftheabove
suggestedtopics.OnFeb23rd,2017,thetopicwillbePUBLICHEALTH.
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UNABoulderCounty•February2017•WorldOrder#2•SeriesBackground
AsaresultofthefirstdiscussionJan.26th,thefollowingpointswereraised.Wewill
keeptheminmindasweplanforthesessionsandmakesureourresourcepersonsare
awareofthem.
1-TheUNwasfoundedin1945ajerthechaosofWorldWarII.WhathastheUNdone/
achieved?Whatmighttheworldbelikeifithadnotexisted?
2-WhathasbeentheroleoftheUSintheUNinregardtothedifferentdiscussion
topics?
3-IsNa@onalismembeddedinthehumanpsychenevertobedislodged?
4-HumanNature-arewe[menandwomentovaryingdegrees]“selfcentered,selfish,
egodriven,protec@veofselfandkin,domineering,connivingsocialbeingsORarewe
communitycentered,suppor@ve,selfeffacing,empathe@c,though{ul,forgivingsocial
beings?
WECOULDSPENDWEEKSONTHESE.BUTIFWEACCEPTTHATTHEREAREVALIDVIEWS
ANDINTERPRETATIONSFOREACH-FORINSTANCE,THATASHUMANBEINGSWEALL
HAVEELEMENTSOFBOTHSOCIALBEINGSi.e.HUMANNATUREISCOMPLEX-WECAN
HOPEFULLYHAVEDISCUSSIONSONPOLICYDETAILSANDISSUESWITHOUTFALLING
BACKONOURHUMANNATUREASAREASONWHYNOTHINGWILLORCANBE
CHANGED.
APPENDIX:UNOrganiza@ons
•FAO•ICAO•IFAD•ILO•IMO•ITC•IPCC•IAEA•UNIDO•ITU•UNAIDS
•SCSL•UNCTAD•UNCITRAL•UNCDF•UNDAF•UNDG•UNDP
•UNDPI•UNEP•OzonAc@on•UNEP/GRID-Arendal
•UNESCO•UNFIP•UNFPA•UN-HABITAT•OHCHR•UNHCR
•UNHRC•UNICEF•UNICRI•UNIDIR•UNITAR•UN-Oceans•UNODC
•UNOPS•UNOSAT•UNRISD•UNRWA•UNU•UNU-OP•UNU-CRIS•UNV
•UNWomen•UNWTO•UPU•WFP•WHO•WIPO•WMO
THEREARE50ORGANIZATIONS.MOSTSIGNIFICANTARETHESE16
Specializedorganiza4onsandagenciesoftheUnitedNa4ons
hnps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_Na@ons_organiza@ons
1.FAOFoodandAgricultureOrganiza@onHQ:Rome,ItalyHead:JoséGrazianodaSilvaEstab.
1945
2.IAEAInterna@onalAtomicEnergyAgencyHQ:Vienna,AustriaHead:YukiyaAmanoEstab.
1957,Associatedagency
3.ICAOInterna@onalCivilAvia@onOrganiza@onHQ:Montreal,CanadaHead:Raymond
BenjaminEstab.1947
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UNABoulderCounty•February2017•WorldOrder#2•SeriesBackground
4IFADInterna@onalFundforAgriculturalDevelopmentHQ:RomeHead:KanayoF.Nwanze
Estab.1977
5.ILOInterna@onalLabourOrganiza@onHQ:Geneva,SwitzerlandHead:GuyRyder
Estab.1919OriginallypartofLeagueofNa@ons
6.IMOInterna@onalMari@meOrganiza@onHQ:London,UnitedKingdomHead:KitackLim
Estab.1948
7.IMFInterna@onalMonetaryFundHQ:Washington,D.C.Head:Chris@neLagardeEstab.
1945.TheIMFisaninterna@onalorganiza@onof"189countriesworkingtofosterglobal
monetarycoopera@on,securefinancialstability,facilitateinterna@onaltrade,promotehigh
employmentandsustainableeconomicgrowth,andreducepovertyaroundtheworld."Formed
in1944attheBrenonWoodsConference
8.ITUInterna@onalTelecommunica@onUnionHQ:GenevaHead:HamadounTouréEstab.
1865
9.UNESCOUnitedNa@onsEduca@onal,Scien@fi[email protected]:Paris,France
Head:IrinaBokovaEstab.1945
10.UPUUniversalPostalUnionHQ:Bern,SwitzerlandHead:BisharAbdirahmanHussein
Estab.1947
11.WBGWorldBankGroupHQ:Washington,D.C.Head:JimYongKim.Estab.1945
TheWorldBank(WB)isaninterna@onalfinancialins@tu@onthatprovidesloans[2]todeveloping
countriesforcapitalprograms.Itcomprisestwoins@tu@ons:theInterna@onalBankfor
Reconstruc@onandDevelopment(IBRD),andtheInterna@onalDevelopmentAssocia@on(IDA).
TheWorldBankisacomponentoftheWorldBankGroup,whichispartoftheUnitedNa@ons
system.
TheWorldBank'sstatedoffi[email protected],accordingtoits
Ar@clesofAgreement,allitsdecisionsmustbeguidedbyacommitmenttothepromo@onof
foreigninvestmentandinterna@onaltradeandtothefacilita@onofcapitalinvestment.
MEMBERSHIPBYCOUNTRY.VOTINGPOWERRELATESTOMONEYDONATED.
USD.JAPAN,CHINA,GERMANYFRANCE(SAUDIARABIA)
12.WIPOWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganiza@onHQ:GenevaHead:FrancisGurryEstab.
1974
13.WMOWorldMeteorologicalOrganiza@onHQ:GenevaHead:DavidGrimesEstab.1950
14.UNWTOUnitedNa@onsWorldTourismOrganiza@onHQ:Madrid,SpainHead:TalebRifai
Estab.1974
15.UNODCUnitedNa@onsOfficeonDrugsandCrimeHQ:ViennaHead:YuriFedotov1997
16.WHOWorldHealthOrganiza@onHQ:Geneva,SwitzerlandHead:MargaretChan
Estab.1948-topromotementalandphysicalhealthofhumanity
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