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Social Studies
Hey 5th Grade Family- I have a test on Wednesday, March 22!
Study Guide Unit 4
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1. 
The enslaved Africans drew upon their African past and adapted to
elements of their new culture to develop a distinct African-American
culture by strong African family ties and oral traditions.
2. 
The group of people in the South who had the MOST power in colonial
governments were the plantation owners.
3. 
Indentured servants in the colonies were hired by wealthy landowners
to work for a set number of years.
4. 
Triangular Trade Routes
The triangular trade included
Africans, molasses, guns,
lumber.
5.  Indentured servants were considered the emerging labor force during
the settlement of the Colonies.
6.  The Middle Passage was the stage in the triangular trade that went from
Africa to the Caribbean, trading enslaved Africans for raw materials.
7.  What changes did the slave trade have on the cultures and people
remaining in Africa?
•  Families were broken apart.
•  Villages lost large numbers of people.
•  Cultures lost farmers, artists, and leaders.
•  Farming, trading, and other activities were completely disrupted.
•  Conflicts rose between African cultures over slavery.
•  The population in many areas went down drastically.
8.  In colonial times, both enslaved and free Africans alike were persecuted
by colonists of European heritage.
9.  The Virginia House of Burgesses was important to the development of
democracy in the thirteen colonies because it provided an example of a
representative form of government.
10. Wealthy landowners in the Southern Colonies hired indentured servants
and owned slaves to work on their plantations to help maintain rice,
tobacco and indigo. (Cotton wasn’t considered a cash crop until after the
Revolution.)
11.  A person who worked in exchange for the ship fare to North America was
called an indentured servant.
12. A person who answered this advertisement would become an indentured
servant.
13. The economy of the Southern Colonies
depended on slavery more than the New
England colonies because New England colonies
had smaller farms.
14. The three main characteristics of a New England town meeting:
•  Decisions were made
•  Laws were voted on
•  People were elected to public office
15. With the help of their Colonial Assemblies, New England colonists were
able to run their every day affairs.
16. The Colonial Assemblies shared power with the governor who was
appointed by the British King.
17. Shipping and Manufacturing were economies that helped the New England
colonies grow.
18. The development and patterns of settlement and control in the Middle
Colonies depended on a long growing season and rich soil. The economic pull
factor in the Middle Colonies was fertile farm land.
19. Southern Colonies had few towns and cities and farms were spread out.
Children were tutored or went to schools build on plantation property. The
plantations required many workers and enslaved Africans were used to do the
work. In addition, laws relating to slavery called “slave codes” were put into
place and enforced.
20. The majority of the people in the Middle Colonies made their living by
farming cash crops. Market towns were important in the Middle Colony
region. In addition, both the culture and religion of the population were
diverse. Children attended schools which were run by different types of
churches.
21.  Fishing, whaling and trading were economic activities in the New England
Colonies. Puritan laws were often very strict. In addition, religion, school
and education were important. It was expected that everyone could read
the Bible. Community decisions were made in town meetings.