Unit 15 – Terms and Concepts
Chapters 30 & 31
Irish/BHS
Spring, 2013
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Chapter 31 – A Crisis in Confidence, 1969-1980
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Watergate Break-In and Scandal (Impact on the nation and the public’s
view of government?)
Richard Nixon – Republican (Elected 1968 and Reelected 1972) –
personality and leadership style?
Henry Kissinger
Nixon’s moderation with regards to domestic issues (i.e. the Great
Society, Civil Rights, the Supreme Court)
Chief Justice Warren Burger and the Burger Court
Economic issues under Nixon (Causes and Effects)
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Stagflation
i. High inflation
ii. High unemployment
iii. Slow Economic growth
Nixon’s “Southern Strategy” – (effects and political shifts)
The “Silent Majority”
Vice President Spiro Agnew
Nixon’s foreign policy – détente (effects?)
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) and SALT I agreements
Nixon’s policy toward Vietnam – “Vietnamization” and the Nixon Doctrine
The Pentagon Papers – leaked by Daniel Ellsberg
War Powers Act (pg. 929 and 930)
Bombing in Camodia and the secret war in Laos
Kent State University in Ohio – Anti-War protest and violence
End of the Vietnam War
Watergate – “the long national nightmare” (Gerald R. Ford)
Election of 1972
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Richard Nixon (Republican) Reelected!
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George McGovern (Democrat)
The Watergate Scandal and Nixon’s resignation
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Impact on the nation and the political system
October War (aka the Yom Kippur War)
OPEC and the oil embargo
Oil / energy crisis of the 1970s and the impact on the U.S. economy
The Environmental Movement through the 1970s (first started in the
1960s when Rachel Carson published “Silent Spring”)
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Search of alternative energy sources
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First Earth Day – April 22, 1970
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Est. of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970
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Passage of the Clean Air Act
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Opposing political sides with regards to environmentalism and
regulations
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Alaska Pipeline
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Fuel-efficient automobiles
Problem of inflation and economic problems
Changes in the American economy by the 1970s
Growth of the Sunbelt
The Changing American Family (causes and effects)
Rapid movement of women into the labor force during the 1970s
Gains and Setbacks for women during the 1970s
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
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Failure to get it ratified
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Opposition from conservative groups (i.e. Phyllis Schlafly)
Roe v. Wade in 1973 and the abortion debate
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Hyde Amendment – 1978
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State regulations of abortion
Gay Liberation Movement (Gay Rights)
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Begins in 1969 with the Stonewall Uprising
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AIDS awareness
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Clinton’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy in the 1990s
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Changing attitudes by the 1990s
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Calls for “Hate-Crime” legislation
Same-Sex Marriage Debate and Clinton’s Defense of Marriage
Act in 1996
Gerald R. Ford and his presidency
Ford’s pardon of Richard Nixon
Election of 1976
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Jimmy Carter (Democrat) Winner!
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Gerald Ford (Republican)
Reasons for Carter’s weak leadership and problems governing.
Carter’s “Crisis of Confidence Speech” (pg. 929)
Effects of U.S. Retreat from Southeast Asia
Turning the Panama Canal over to the Panamanians
Peace in the Middle East
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Carter’s mediation between Egypt’s Anwar Sadat and Israel’s
Menachem Begin – Camp David Accords
1979 Iranian Revolution (causes and effects)
Iranian Hostage Crisis (causes, effects, and Carter’s failures)
End of détente with the Soviet Union and Reemergence of the Cold War
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Carter’s emphasis on human rights
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Failure of SALT II
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Soviet invasion of Afghanistan