Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO Liberal Senator for New South Wales Cabinet Secretary It is a privilege to have been selected to serve as Cabinet Secretary in the Turnbull Government. October 2015 Volume 2 No. 10 NEWSLETTER IN THIS ISSUE 1 Since my swearing-in, there is one important question which I have been asked repeatedly: what does a Cabinet Secretary do? 2 I’d like to take this opportunity to explain briefly the key aspects of my role. The Role of Cabinet Secretary RAAF Base Williamtown 3 Stone & Chalk Opening Molecular Food Technology Training Centre 4 Big Data and the Australian Government 8 Speech to the 2015 GovHack Red Carpet Awards 10 Senate Speech on Immigration Detention 12 Let’s Go Greek Festival Parramatta Cypriot Commemoration The Cabinet Secretary makes sure that the processes of Cabinet are being followed. Much of this is about communication: I will ensure that documents which come before Cabinet ministers are appropriately researched and consulted among departments; I will encourage consultation with stakeholder groups to be as broad and representative as possible; I will also ensure that Cabinet confidentiality is followed, which is vital for encouraging robust discussion around the Cabinet table. The Prime Minister expects that we conduct Cabinet business in an orderly and effective manner; and it is important that we observe the principle of Cabinet solidarity so that the Government projects a clear and consistent message about its strategies and priorities. Furthermore, I want to see Cabinet government which also involves appropriate consultation with the Party Room and the community. Address Level 28, 123 Pitt St, Sydney NSW, 2000 Email [email protected] Website www.arthursinodinos.com.au It is important that the Cabinet receive regular feedback from the backbench to ensure that it is well informed on community expectations and issues. I will make sure the backbench is reporting regularly to Cabinet so that we know we are in touch with people’s real priorities, and so that these priorities are being reflected in the work of the Government. Major reforms require appropriate consultation with stakeholders. Their views will need to be factored in to the framework for the Government’s policy development, and consulting with them will be a priority of this Government. Without these mechanics in place, a government cannot present the right policies in the right way to the public. But where they are working smoothly, everyone in Government – and in the community at large – can feel they have ownership of the decisions the Cabinet makes. So, much of the work of the Cabinet Secretary is with colleagues, hence good process leads to good outcomes that we can all own. Sturdy Cabinet government will set a strong strategic agenda and maintain a clear view of our priorities and their implementation. Twitter @a_sinodinos LinkedIn linkedin.com/in/senatorsinodinos Phone 02 9223 4388 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 RAAF Base Williamtown It is always a pleasure to go out and about in Newcastle to meet with locals. Most recently, RAAF Base Williamtown’s commander Air Commodore Steven Roberton gave me a tour of the base and facilities. The men and women at Williamtown perform important work every day to keep Australia safe with unparalleled skill and professionalism. They are directly contributing to the fight against Da’esh in Iraq and Syria – Air Commodore Roberton himself was the first commanding officer of the air task group which deployed to the region last year. Williamtown is soon to become home to Air Force’s new F-35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters. These state-ofthe-art fighter aircraft will be an essential component of the Australian Defence Force for a generation. Senator Sinodinos visits RAAF Base Williamtown 2 Not only will the Newcastle community be playing a key role in keeping our nation well defended, the new F-35As will deliver real economic growth opportunities. $1 billion of construction is already underway at Williamtown, with work expected to last for seven years. In addition, Newcastle has the opportunity to become a regional maintenance hub. This could potentially generate hundreds of wellpaid local jobs for decades. Thank you to Air Commodore Roberton and his officers and crew for their time, and to the fighter pilot trainers of 76 Squadron for showing me the ropes in their Hawk 127 flight simulator! Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 Stone & Chalk Opening I was honoured to help celebrate the opening of Stone & Chalk, Sydney’s new not-for-profit fintech hub. Australian fintech (financial technology) companies are among the very best in the world, and Stone & Chalk will help Sydney to flourish as a centre of fintech in the Asia-Pacific region. The product of collaboration between industry and government, Stone & Chalk aims to foster a fintech innovation ecosystem by incubating the highest-quality entrepreneurial start-ups. It will bring them together with venture capital and corporates to allow Australia’s most brilliant fintech ideas to come to fruition on our own shores. Stone & Chalk is supported by the established financial industry leaders it seeks to disrupt, creating a cyclical ecosystem that speeds up the process of innovation development. I am proud to support this extraordinary initiative and wish the team at Stone & Chalk all the best. STONE & CHALK OPENING Left to right: Alex Scandurra (CEO, Stone & Chalk) Senator Sinodinos The Hon. Paul Fletcher MP Craig Dunn (Chairman, Stone & Chalk) Launch of the Molecular Food Technology Training Centre The interface between food manufacturing and scientific research will be important to lifting productivity and creating new products in agriculture. Australia has been gifted with fertile lands and intelligent minds, which we must harness to realise our full potential. I was pleased to officially launch the Australian Research Council’s new Training Centre for Molecular Technology in the Food Industry at Macquarie University. This Centre will use some of Australia’s leading scientific minds to maintain our competitive advantage in food production. Funded by the Australian Government, Macquarie University and leading agribusiness companies, the new Centre will undertake world-leading research into many of Australia’s most productive food sources, from oysters to sugar cane to barley. Professor Paul Haynes and his cohort of brilliant researchers and students will be analysing proteins and carbohydrates at the molecular level to make Australian food production increasingly diseaseresistant, healthy, nutritious, and environmentally sustainable. We find ourselves on the doorstep of a booming Asia, where hundreds of millions of people are now demanding high quality food which we can provide. This investment is about ensuring we will continue to produce the best food available on a large scale for many years to come. Senator Sinodinos officially launches the Molecular Food Technology Training Centre at Macquarie University. 3 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 Big Data and the Australian Government Whether we realise it or not, big data has a significant presence in all our lives. It’s time for Australia to catch up and take full advantage of the opportunities it presents. ‘Big data’ refers to the collection and analysis of extremely large data sets – often data that is collected incidentally through day-to-day processes and is subsequently ‘mined’ to identify useful trends. The growth of big data strategies in the private sector has been unprecedented in recent times; and I believe this can be attributed to two main factors. Firstly, as nearly all facets of daily life have become digitised over the last few decades, information that had previously only been collected en masse through costly exercises like the census is now available in databases. Data came to be collected incidentally on anything from consumer preferences (through digitising the point of sale) to traffic flow (since toll payments became electronic). The sheer volume of information stored through all manner of prosaic processes is staggering: the amount of data created annually more than doubled every year of the last decade, and this trend is predicted to continue until at least 2020. 4 Secondly, our capacity to store this data has grown at an unparalleled rate as technological innovation drives costs down. This is Moore’s Law at work, which essentially states that data storage capacity will double every year and a half – or, put another way, the cost of data storage will effectively halve. It’s amusing for us in 2015 to think that, less than 20 years ago, the price of storing information on paper was lower than the price of digital storage. The last two decades have seen exponential growth in the ability of firms to retain data collected – the cost of database storage is barely a consideration in most industries. As a result, a huge volume of data is available to most companies for analysis. The changes to private sector processes as a result of big data have revolutionised the way companies make decisions in the modern day. Large volumes of transaction data allow retailers to alter dynamically the supply of products to match seasonal demand. Empirical evidence of consumers’ willingness to pay allows prices to be matched more closely to the market equilibrium, maximising revenue. Merchandise can be improved more easily as consumer behaviour and social media response identifies areas of weaknesses in products. Marketing is better targeted – often eerily so – based on information about consumers’ transaction or webbrowsing history: people love to tell the story of the father who discovered his daughter’s pregnancy upon maternityrelated catalogues being sent to their address, as the local department store identified her consumption patterns as those of an expectant mother! That story may well be an urban myth, but the benefit big data brings to companies certainly isn’t: the McKinsey Global Institute’s Big Data report estimated that a retailer using big data in full has the potential to increase its operating margin by more than 60%. And similar gains are available right through the production process: agribusiness can use environmental data to optimise sustainability and efficiency of farming practices; utilities providers analyse usage data to identify bottlenecks and areas of inefficient supply; financial services providers use data on markets and clients to give better advice based on more accurate modelling. Governments can do more to take advantage of data resources. In Australia, public investment in data analytics has been modest – even though governments have access to a vast and rich array of data across all Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 ‘In Australia, public investment in data analytics has been modest – even though governments have access to a vast and rich array of data across all policy areas.’ policy areas. Information is collected on the socio-economic distribution of the population, healthcare requirements, education, use of transport systems – the list goes on. Much of this data is unused or used with very limited scope; and more still is analysed only in isolation, where combining it with data collected by other areas of Government would yield much greater utility. Part of the reason for this underutilisation of big data is that a high proportion of public sector processes are conducted using outdated or non-standardised technology – or even by analogue means. The Coalition Government has sought to remedy this by establishing the Digital Transformation Office, overseen by the Prime Minister, the Hon. Malcolm Turnbull MP. Much of the work of this office focuses on digitising services, as well as modernising ICT systems and standardising them across the Government sector. And big data itself can be used to identify areas of focus in this regard: performance analysis of Government services can identify areas where updated ICT infrastructure would result in productivity gains. The work of the Digital Transformation Office is an invaluable step forward in ensuring Government services can be delivered as effectively as possible. 5 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter Big data in healthcare Healthcare is an area of particular interest to me when it comes to public sector use of big data. The potential in this field for benefit both to Government and to patients is very substantial. The Government has access to data on admissions, operations, outcomes, patient care, drug prescription and much more, mostly obtained through Medicare. Much of this data is unused for any purpose other than Medicare claims. However, this is a treasure trove of data that can benefit not only the way the Government allocates resources, but also the decisions made by doctors – which flow on both to patients, by providing better care, and to the Government, by making expenditure on care more efficient and effective. ‘This data is available to the Government through medical claims information, but doctors are unable to access it readily.’ Big data can be leveraged to identify where Government healthcare resources are stretched or oversupplied. Hospital admissions data provides a valuable insight into the types of treatment required in specific geographical areas at specific times of year. Claims data for hospital stays impart information on success and recovery, hospital-related infection and further factors that affect the effectiveness of particular institutions: overcrowding or under-resourcing can be clearly suggested by higher rates of morbidity. Disease outbreaks can be better managed thanks to more effective management of resources – and they can also be predicted in many cases from dynamic monitoring of trends in admissions for particular diseases, allowing more time for resources to be allocated to fight them. 6 The decision-making of doctors could also benefit from evidencebased healthcare. Currently, a very large proportion of clinical decisions – research suggests around 85% – are made using little or no concrete evidence as justification. Prescription of medications is generally not conducted on the basis of individual | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 characteristics, with costly assessments of precise levels of dosage a rare occurrence. Consequently, dosages are often over- or under-estimated, or interact adversely with other drugs; these two factors alone account for a large proportion of hospitalisations, especially among the elderly. Perhaps more concerning is that the question of whether a doctor proceeds with many risky procedures, such as heart or brain surgery, is often taken without any statistical guide as to the likelihood of success. This data is available to the Government through medical claims information, but doctors are unable to access it readily. The experience in Qatar, where health records have been collected in a standardised manner and made available to doctors, has been overwhelmingly positive. A Qatari patient’s health record can be analysed to assess the probability of particular complications or diseases given their current condition and medical history; and doctors have access to risk profiles that are personalised by collating individuals’ data with those of previous cases. Evidence-based healthcare even provides benefits to patients outside the hospital, with smartphone apps able to track a patient’s recovery, monitor for risk factors and check for adherence to treatment plans. Britain’s National Health Service is currently introducing and developing a similar scheme. Not only is patient care improved under this model, but there are savings to Government from better decision-making by doctors about whether to proceed with the costliest high-risk procedures. The benefits of evidence-based medicine are by no means limited to surgery: mental health, dentistry, optometry, nutrition and other specialisations can similarly benefit from the increased availability of data for clinical decisions. Big data application in medicine is an area where much more research is required. The University of New South Wales’ Centre for Big Data Research Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter in Health was launched last month by the NSW Minister for Health, the Hon. Jillian Skinner MP. The Coalition Government puts the highest priority on medical research; this is reflected in our significant investment commitment through the establishment of the Medical Research Future Fund. Areas of concern Big data is not a panacea for inefficient processes or poor decision-making. A tool is only as good as the hand that guides it: strong leadership and expert advice are as important as ever. The difference made by big data is that, now, decision-making can be better informed and more grounded in empirical evidence. Big data is not perfect: it has statistical limitations. Statisticians face significant challenges in interpreting data sets of such an unprecedented scale, in large part because defining trends as statistically significant can be very difficult. The use of conventional data analysis techniques is severely limited. Since big data is generally considered observational rather than experimental, it is often challenging to establish causation where correlation is found. Ensuring that this need for innovative data analysis can be met within Australia is another reason for the Federal Government to encourage and incentivise students to pursue higher education in STEM skills – science, technology, engineering and mathematics. The introduction of computational thinking at the earliest stages of the school curriculum is, I believe, vital to achieving this: I have spoken out in previous years about doing so by mandating coding education from primary school. The Australian Bureau of Statistics has recently developed a Big Data Strategy to address these very issues, and having a highly skilled workforce to develop advanced analysis techniques is among its highest priorities. | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 ‘The difference made by big data is that, now, decision-making can be better informed and more grounded in empirical evidence.’ Privacy laws must also be kept up to date. The right to privacy is fundamental. Parliament must be stringent in overseeing the use of any personal data, ensuring that it is handled appropriately, stored securely and properly de-identified where necessary. Consultation with the legal community will be essential to ensuring that the boundaries of data use by statutory authorities are clearly defined – and, indeed, to examine whether or not the Privacy Act 1988 requires amendment to bring it in line with modern requirements. The Act is in some ways limiting regarding the way Government can use the data it collects, and it is important to confirm whether these limits are appropriate – particularly given that the legislation was created before big data use was widespread. Similarly, it is also vital to determine whether or not further legislative protections against data misuse are needed. It’s time to act Big data has transformed the way we make decisions in the modern world. The McKinsey Global Institute suggests that the use of big data in Europe’s developed economies could result in more than US$149bn of operational efficiency improvements alone; and the gains of its adoption in the Australian public sector would surely be equally impressive. In the area of healthcare in particular, the benefits to Australians at large would be of the utmost significance. It is imperative for our public sector to catch up to the private sector when it comes to investment in data analysis. Big data is central to policymaking in the twenty-first century. 7 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 Speech at the GovHack 2015 Red Carpet Awards I had the pleasure of representing the Australian Government at the GovHack 2015 Red Carpet Awards. I spoke about the importance of collaborative innovation to the future of work, and congratulated this year’s winners for the range of extraordinary solutions they produced. Supported by both the Federal Government and the private sector, GovHack encourages young Australians to work collaboratively to find innovative uses for open Government data. Each year, the Government makes available a variety of data sets to competitors, who aim to utilise them to find inventive solutions to any number of problems faced by modern society. The work of the 2015 competitors was impressive indeed. My address is reproduced here. I won’t keep you very long, because it’s been such a warm atmosphere in this room. When I was first asked about coming along here, I thought, ‘What the heck am I getting myself into?’ Anne-Marie Elias and Pia Waugh talked me into it. But the minute I walked into the room and I saw the passion and commitment that people have for what you are doing, it seemed to me that this is an initiative that anybody – in Government, in Opposition, on all sides of politics – should be supporting one hundred and ten per cent. Now, someone before, I forget who it was, made a very wise remark: not all wisdom resides in government. That is absolutely correct. You wonder some days if any wisdom resides in government! My point is this: increasingly, governments are recognising that in this age – where IT, in particular, has democratised the distribution of knowledge and power – the wisdom of crowds is what will give you the solutions to intractable social and economic problems. This idea that top-down, commandand-control, working in silos, somehow you can solve these things: that’s gone. Now, what you do is: you get groups of people together with diverse experiences. You put them in a room. You get them thinking, kicking stuff around. And that’s how you get things done. ‘The wisdom of crowds is what will give you the solutions to intractable social and economic problems.’ 8 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 The other thing that excites me about what you’re doing is that, too often in government, I’ve watched us try and build everything from scratch. It might be a whole new electronic health system, for argument’s sake. And what do we do? We spend half a billion dollars on it, or a billion dollars! but we don’t necessarily commercialise them or scale them up here. Now, not every idea has to be commercialised here – the world is our oyster. But my point is: we need to do better in that space because innovation – across industry, across all sectors of industry – is the way of the future for this country. And yet, if you got a group of creative people together at the start and said, ‘Hey, how do we do this, and what’s happening out there? And what are some of the models, almost off the shelf, of how we can do this, and how can we scale it up?’ – how much more effective would that be! How much more quickly would things happen! ‘It’s interactive. It’s democratic. It’s the way of the future.’ That’s what this is about. Ultimately, it’s about getting a result. I’ve worked in corporates, and I’ve worked in government. Too often, in big corporates and in government, having meetings and having a plan is an achievement in itself. No! You want the outcome; you want the result. The other thing that I want you to do within the government sphere is to make it clear that people have permission to fail. It’s not about always ‘covering your butt’ and being riskaverse. Yes, it’s government money; but unless we do new things, unless we try things, how will we know what works and doesn’t work? That’s what excites me about what you’re doing here. It’s interactive. It’s democratic. It’s the way of the future. The workplace of the future will be a collaborative place – not too hierarchical – where you judge people not by their qualifications or what they look like, but what they bring to the table in terms of ideas. That’s the sort of collaborative workplace we want. That’s what strategic partnerships are – and in a diverse society like ours, with all the talent we have, we’ve got a huge amount to bring to the table. One of the beefs I have is that we develop a lot of ideas in Australia, So tonight, for me, is a fantastic opportunity to meet so many people who are at the leading edge of ideas and of collaboration to promote innovation. So, you are insurgents. You are changing the culture in which government operates. And the role of politicians like me, and Malcolm, and others, is to do what we can at our level to promote that insurgency, and make sure it spreads through as much of the Government as possible. It’s a privilege to be here tonight. It’s a privilege to see what you do. All strength to your arm; and I hope, in the future, we can say that the hack-a-thons are becoming bigger than Ben Hur and that they’re covering the whole world, not just Australia and New Zealand! Thanks very much for having me. 9 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 Senate Speech on Immigration Detention On 19 August this year, I spoke in the Senate in support of the Migration Amendment (Maintaining the Good Order of Immigration Detention Facilities) Bill 2015 – amendments which caused some controversy in the media at the time. I spoke about our responsibility as a government towards detainees and other people in our immigration detention facilities to ensure that they are free from harm; and our equal responsibility to provide those working in our detention facilities with the tools they need to protect the life, the health and the safety of any person and to maintain the good order, peace and security of an immigration facility. I also shared my experiences visiting the Villawood Immigration Detention Centre earlier in the month. An extract of my speech is reproduced here. The amendments in this bill provide a legislative framework for the use of reasonable force within immigration detention facilities in Australia. It provides clear authority for use of reasonable force in immigration detention in Australia to protect a person’s life, health or safety or maintain the good order, the peace or the security of the facility. Its provision of a legislative framework for the use of reasonable force will provide the immigration detention service provider with the tools needed to provide the first line of response and ensure the operation of the immigration detention network remains viable against a backdrop of a change in the demography of immigration detention facilities. This was something that was brought home to me a few weeks ago when I visited the Villawood detention centre in Sydney as part of my responsibilities as a senator for New South Wales. I visited there on 6 August. I was taken around along with a number of members of my staff by Tim Fitzgerald, the commander in New South Wales and the ACT, and Brett Totten, the superintendent of the Villawood Immigration Detention Centre. I want to thank both Mr Fitzgerald and Mr Totten for that visit. It lasted a couple of hours. They were both very professional in the way they undertook the tour of facilities. 10 What struck me first and foremost is the change in the demography of these facilities. The network now holds an increasing number of detainees who present behavioural challenges, including an increasing number of people subject to adverse security assessments; people who have been convicted of violent crime, drug or other serious criminal offences; and others deemed to be of a high-security risk such as members of outlawed motorcycle gangs. The presence of high-risk detainees with behavioural challenges has the potential to jeopardise the peace, good order and security of our immigration detention facilities and the safety of all people within those facilities, including staff and visitors. You would sometimes think, from the way the public debate on these matters is conducted, that we are talking about facilities that are housing, essentially, large numbers of people who may have come here seeking asylum. But, as I mentioned, the demography of these facilities is changing. The other point I should stress and which was brought home to me, as I said, on my visit to Villawood is that these facilities are actually divided into high, medium and low risk. Families, for example, have their own part of the facility. There are some people who are in medium security and others in high security, and often the high-security ones are the ones who are a particular risk not only to themselves but to other people. There is a lot of care and a lot of thought that goes into the layout, Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter the design and the construction of these sorts of facilities. This is something we must remember when we look at why the government is seeking to clarify the powers that should be available to those providing detention services in these facilities. … I have met and spoken to some of the security officers who work there. These people are articulate and credible and are dedicated to looking after the people in their care and recognise that they have a duty of care. There is nothing wrong with a government spelling out in legislation the obligations and responsibilities of the people who must work in these facilities and giving them protection and guidance about the circumstances in which reasonable force can be used. Provided the reasonable force is exercised in good faith, the bill bars court proceedings against the Commonwealth, including an authorised officer. This provision provides the appropriate balance between protecting authorised officers in the exercise of the power to use reasonable force and ensuring that the power is exercised in good faith. The provisions in this bill send a very clear message to authorised officers that force is not to be exercised capriciously or inappropriately. The bill inserts provisions that specifically limit the exercise of the power to use reasonable force by authorised officers, preventing them from doing any of the following: using reasonable force to give nourishment or fluids to a detainee in an immigration detention facility; subjecting a person to greater indignity than the officer reasonably believes is necessary in the circumstances; and doing anything likely to cause a person grievous bodily harm, unless the officer reasonably believes that doing so is necessary to protect the life of, or to prevent serious injury to, another person, including the authorised officer. | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 To further ensure that the use of force will not be abused, the bill will provide for a statutory complaints mechanism. This mechanism will allow persons to complain to the secretary about the exercise of the power to use reasonable force. These amendments will require the secretary to provide appropriate assistance to any complainant. This complaints mechanism, I stress, does not restrict a person from making a complaint directly to another source such as the state or territory police services, the Australian Federal Police or the Ombudsman. An appropriate complaints mechanism is an important accountability measure in relation to the exercise of the power to use reasonable force. The government considers that safe and effective immigration detention policies and strong border protection measures are not incompatible. We seek to strike an appropriate balance between maintaining the good order of a facility and the safety of the people within it and the need to ensure that the use of force is reasonable, proportionate and appropriate. The government is maintaining strong border security measures but is ensuring that all people in immigration detention facilities – including the detainees themselves – are safe from harm. … There are many countries which are grappling with these issues. Australia has done its best to provide the appropriate balance. An immigration detention facility is not the nicest place in Australia to be, but the Australian government and the officers who I have met in places like Villawood strive to exercise their responsibilities in as humane a way as possible. There are plenty of mechanisms in this legislation to seek to balance the need for appropriate use of force with humane treatment of people in these facilities. It is a free and democratic country. There are plenty of avenues of scrutiny, and I believe that this balance is struck by this legislation. 11 Senator the Hon. Arthur Sinodinos AO | Newsletter | October 2015 | Vol. 2 | No. 10 Let’s Go Greek Festival Parramatta I very much enjoyed speaking at the Let’s Go Greek Festival in Parramatta. It’s always great to immerse myself in the good food, entertainment and warm hospitality of the GreekAustralian community. I’m proud to celebrate the incredible diversity that makes Western Sydney such an extraordinary and unique part of the world. Cypriot Commemoration It was an honour to attend a wreath laying ceremony at the Martin Place Cenotaph with the New South Wales Cyprus Community to commemorate fallen Australian and Cypriot soldiers. The Mediterranean island of Cyprus has been an independent nation since 1960 yet has found itself caught between conflicts for most of its history. the Commonwealth and the migration of many Cypriots to Australia, especially since World War II. Australia continues to support United Nations efforts to reunify Cyprus, which include an Australian Federal Police contingent engaged in peacekeeping work on the island since 1964. Australia shares deep and enduring links with Cyprus, dating back decades, including our common membership of 12 Read more online at www.arthursinodinos.com.au
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