Back
Print
Flashcards
Classification of Organisms
Section 1
Taxonomy
the science of describing,
naming, and classifying
living things
Binomial
Nomenclature
a system for giving each
living thing a two-word
scientific name that is
made of the genus name
followed by the species
name
Section 1
Section 1
Genus
the level of classification
that is below the family
and that contains similar
species
Family
the level of classification
that is below the order
and above the genus
Section 1
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology
68
Classification of Organisms
Back
Print
Flashcards
Classification of Organisms
Section 1
Order
the level of classification
below the class and
above the family
Class
the level of classification
containing orders with
common characteristics
and is below the phylum
Phylum
the level of classification
below the kingdom and
above the class
Section 1
Section 1
Section 1
the highest level of
classification, which
contains a group of
similar phyla
Kingdom
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology
69
Classification of Organisms
Back
Print
Flashcards
Classification of Organisms
Section 1
in a taxonomic system
based on analysis of
rRNA, one of the three
broad groups in which
all living things belong
Domain
Section 2
a group of living things
that can reproduce only
with each other and that
are usually contained in
a certain area
Biological
Species
Section 2
the evolutionary history
of a species or taxonomic
group
Phylogeny
Section 2
the process by which
unrelated species
become more similar
as they adapt to the same
kind of surrounding area
Convergent
Evolution
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology
70
Classification of Organisms
Back
Print
Flashcards
Classification of Organisms
Section 2
a similarity that arises
through convergent
evolution
Analogous
Character
Section 2
Cladistics
a method of classification
that uses shared derived
characters and ancestry
as the only measures for
grouping taxa
Ancestral
Character
a character that evolved
in a common ancestor of
two different groups
Derived
Character
a character that evolved
in an ancestor of one
group but not in the
ancestor of another
group
Section 2
Section 2
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology
71
Classification of Organisms
Back
Print
Flashcards
Classification of Organisms
Section 2
a diagram that is based
on patterns of shared,
derived traits and that
shows the evolutionary
relationships between
groups of organisms
Cladogram
Section 2
a method of classification
in which different
amounts of importance
are given to characters;
evolutionary systematics
is more subjective than
cladistics
Evolutionary
Systematics
Section 2
a branching diagram that
shows how organisms
are related through
evolution
Phylogenic Tree
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt Biology
72
Classification of Organisms