Food and Nutrients
KICS Science
Fall 2016
What is Food?
Food is anything we eat and digest that we use for
growth, repair of damage, and as an energy source. The
energy is needed for:
A. Growth & repair
B. Moving
C. Breathing, Heartbeat, Digestion, Thinking
D. Keeping warm
Key Vocabulary
Grow
Repair
Energy
Nutrients
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Precipitate
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Fibre
Absorb
Digestion
Faeces
Enzymes
Food Discussion
What is a panda’s favourite food?
How much of this food does a panda eat in one day?
What is your favourite food?
Could you survive ONLY on this?
Define “Balanced Diet”
Balanced Diet
A balanced diet consists of 7 nutrients:
1.
Carbohydrates for energy (2 types: sugar & starch)
2.
Fats for energy - Examples?
3.
Proteins for growth & repair - Examples?
4.
Minerals - Ex. Calcium, Iron, ???
5.
Vitamins - Ex. Vitamin C, ???
6.
Fibre for helping digestion - Examples?
7.
Water - We are what percentage water? Why is it important?
Superfoods
Define “Superfoods”
What makes a food “super”?
What are some examples of “superfoods”
Create a list and compare with mine!
Superfoods
Olive Oil
Blueberries
Yoghurt
Broccoli
Spinach
Tomatoes
Apples
Salmon
Sweet Potatoes
Almonds
Berries
Citrus fruits
Garlic
Nuts
Oats
Turkey
Baked Beans
Wholegrain Bread
Tea
Bananas
Enzymes
Biological catalysts that speed up chemical
reactions in living things.
Great…so what is a catalyst?
Enzymes in YOU!
Starch is broken down by enzymes called
amylases. These are found in saliva and
pancreatic juice.
Amylases break down STARCH to
GLUCOSE.
Enzymes in YOU
Protein is broken down by enzymes called
proteases. They are found in gastric juice and
pancreatic juice.
Proteases break down PROTEINS into
AMINO ACIDS.
Enzymes in YOU
Fats are broken down by enzymes called
lipase. They are found in pancreatic juice.
Fat digestion is helped by bile.
Lipases break down FATS into FATTY ACIDS
and GLYCEROL.
Excess Food
Excess glucose —> glycogen stored in liver and
muscles. Can be converted back to glucose.
Excess fat —> stored under skin and around
organs. Broken down only when we run out of
glycogen.
Excess protein —> cannot be stored. Broken
down and becomes part of urine.