AH-1112-S1-FINAL REVIEW
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the graph and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____
1. When did the influenza virus claim its greatest number of victims in the United States?
a. in September of 1918
b. between late September and early December of 1918
c. before September of 1918
____
2. Between which two years was the change in the number of influenza deaths most significant?
a. 1917 and 1919
c. 1917 and 1918
b. there was no change
____
3. In 1914, Congress formed the Federal Trade Commission to
a. inspect food and medicines sold across state lines.
b. protect labor unions from being attacked as trusts.
c. monitor business practices that might lead to monopoly.
____
4. Industrial workers often labored
a. in well-ventilated factories.
b. under ideal conditions.
c. with unsafe machinery.
____
5. What were the goals of the American Federation of Labor?
a. to stop monopolies
b. to prosecute anarchists
c. to help improve wages, working hours, and conditions
____
6. Why did journalists call the Alaska purchase of 1867 “Seward’s Folly”?
a. They believed that the United States instead should direct its energies toward Latin
America.
b. Public opinion supported the purchase of Hawaii.
c. They wondered why the United States would want a vast tundra of snow and ice far from
the continental borders.
Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____
7. Which diplomatic style most promoted military action?
a. Dollar
c. Moral
b. Big Stick
d. none of the above
____
8. What was one result of “moral diplomacy”?
a. Military strength developed under Roosevelt and Taft diminished under moral diplomacy.
b. American imperialism and conquest decreased.
c. Latin American countries were completely freed from American intervention.
____
9. Which of the following were “push” factors for immigration?
a. religious persecution and military service
b. readily available food and jobs
c. farming and industry
____ 10. Andrew Carnegie was the head of the
a. steel industry.
b. meat packing industry.
c. railroad.
Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 11. How did Wilson compensate for the reduced government income resulting from his lowering of tariffs?
a. creating an income tax
c. charging federal interest on loans
b. cutting government expenses
____ 12. Wilson’s New Freedom worked to improve which of the following?
a. economic policy
c. public education
b. international relations
____ 13. Most scientists believe that people first came to the Americas from
a. Asia by migrating over a land bridge.
b. Africa as part of the slave trade.
c. Europe by sailing ships across the Atlantic Ocean.
____ 14. How did the end of World War I affect the economic opportunities available to women and African
Americans?
a. It spelled the end of many economic opportunities for both groups.
b. It had little effect on either group.
c. Women gained jobs, but African Americans lost them.
____ 15. Which of the following helped the industrial expansion of the United States?
a. monopolies
b. labor unions
c. the country’s physical geography causing the growth of the steel and oil industries
____ 16. President Woodrow Wilson promised a foreign policy guided by
a. “boxer diplomacy.”
c. “moral diplomacy.”
b. “big stick diplomacy.”
____ 17. What did Wilson hope to accomplish with the League of Nations?
a. He proposed the League of Nations could insist that Germany pay reparations to the
countries it damaged during the war.
b. He hoped to create a world organization where countries could gather and resolve their
quarrels peacefully.
c. He believed the League of Nations could prevent freedom of the seas and free trade.
____ 18. Which country established a number of colonies along the Atlantic coast?
a. France
c. Spain
b. Britain
____ 19. Sensational headlines and pictures were characteristic of the
a. Great White Press.
c. Yellow Press.
b. newspapers owned by Gifford Pinchot.
____ 20. The United States was drawn into World War I because of
a. President Woodrow Wilson’s strong desire to push the United States to war.
b. Germany’s invasion of Belgium, the sinking of the Lusitania, and the Zimmermann note.
c. the destruction of France’s army, Britain’s withdrawal from the war, and Mexico’s
alliance with Germany.
____ 21. The League of Nations can best be described as a
a. secret alliance.
c. mutual defense agreement.
b. peace treaty.
____ 22. During the War of 1812,
a. British troops burned the Capitol and the White House.
b. Native Americans mounted a rebellion in the Ohio Country.
c. the United States declared neutrality.
____ 23. Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy
a. depended on a strong military to achieve America’s goals.
b. sought to conserve forests for lumber supplies for the military.
c. worked to promote human rights, national integrity, and opportunity around the world.
____ 24. Plessy v. Ferguson established the doctrine of
a. civil service exams.
c. separate but equal facilities for blacks and
whites.
b. the gold standard.
____ 25. Which acts limited freedom of speech during World War I?
a. Espionage Act and Alien Act
b. Espionage Act and Sedition Act
c. Alien Act and Sedition Act
____ 26. The discovery of _____ attracted prospectors to the west.
a. gold
c. cotton
b. oil
Use the timeline and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 27. Why did Roosevelt run for the presidency in 1912?
a. Roosevelt disliked living as a private citizen.
b. Taft’s political decisions angered Roosevelt.
c. Taft asked Roosevelt to run again.
____ 28. In which branches of government was Roosevelt active?
a. judicial and legislative
c. executive and judicial
b. executive and legislative
d. none of the above
____ 29. What form of transportation helped ranchers get their products to market?
a. steamboats
c. wagon trains
b. railroads
____ 30. The late 19th century was called the _____ because under the surface of prosperity lurked troubling issues.
a. Golden Age
c. Populist Age
b. Gilded Age
____ 31. With his Square Deal, Theodore Roosevelt hoped to
a. help pull the United States out of the Great Depression.
b. help business trusts remain competitive.
c. keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the
poor.
____ 32. Many Americans denounced Germany for its sinking of the
a. Lusitania.
c. Maine.
b. Titanic.
____ 33. World War I was caused by a variety of factors, including nationalism,
a. imperialism, militarism, and entangling alliances.
b. militarism, Progressivism, and chauvinism.
c. socialism, colonialism, and pacifism.
____ 34. How did militarism contribute to increased imperialism?
a. Higher military spending increased demand for imported goods.
b. A strong military helped imperial powers protect their global interests.
c. Militarism supported nationalist beliefs.
Use the chart and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.
____ 35. This chart shows that Presidents Roosevelt and Wilson
a. resorted frequently to the use of U.S. troops in Latin America.
b. believed in a policy of noninterference in Latin America.
c. feared that Latin America countries would invade the United States.
____ 36. What did Europeans introduce to the Americas that caused the deaths of thousands of Native Americans in the
1500s and 1600s?
a. domesticated livestock
c. horses
b. contagious diseases
____ 37. Many political leaders wanted to change the Articles of Confederation because it
a. divided the federal government among too many branches.
b. reserved too much power for the states.
c. concentrated power in a strong president.
____ 38. Imperialist nations built up their military strength
a. to protect extractive economies from exploitation.
b. to expand and protect their interests around the world.
c. despite the warnings of Alfred T. Mahan.
Use the information and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 39. What fields did Progressives aim to reform?
a. government
b. education
c. workplace conditions
d. all of the above
____ 40. What was one way Progressives differed from Populists?
a. Progressives were typically middle class city dwellers, and Populists were mostly farmers.
b. Only Populists called for the direct election of senators.
c. Populists concerned themselves primarily with the needs of urban workers.
____ 41. The Triple Alliance nations were
a. Russia, Germany, and Austria-Hungary.
b. France, Russia, and Great Britain.
c. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
____ 42. After World War I, U.S. economic strength resulted in
a. the dependence of European nations on loans from the United States.
b. U.S. use of the League of Nations to funnel foreign aid to other nations.
c. the development by the United States of the largest military in the world.
Use the excerpt and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
“The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason,
which is that law, teachers all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and
independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions. . .ought
he, as much as he can, to preserve the rest of mankind, and may not, unless it be to do justice
on an offender, take away, or impair the life, or what tends to be the preservation of the life,
the liberty, health, limb, or goods of another.”
—John Locke, Two Treatises of Government
____ 43. What general belief does Locke advocate?
a. People should be equal and independent.
b. People should amass wealth at all costs.
c. People’s lives should not be adversely affected without government consent.
____ 44. How did Locke’s philosophy shape the formation of U.S. government?
a. People have rights that government should not violate.
b. Government powers should be clearly defined and limited.
c. A monarch and Parliament would work toward the best interests of its subjects.
____ 45. Which of the following would cause an immigrant to be sent back to his or her homeland?
a. poverty
c. disease
b. religious beliefs
Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
The Articles of Confederation
Provision
Congress had the power to declare war.
Congress regulated trade with foreign countries
and with Indian nations.
States set their own trade policy and levy taxes.
The federal government could not levy taxes.
There was no president.
Each state had a single vote in Congress.
Two-thirds of the states had to approve
declaring war and making treaties.
All thirteen states had to approve amendments
to the Articles.
Strength/Weakness
This prevented individual states from becoming
too involved in international conflicts.
This allowed the United States to negotiate
foreign trade agreements through a single
governing body.
States could protect growing industries and
agriculture from competition by taxing goods
from other states. However, this discouraged
trade among the states.
Without a regular source of income, the federal
government could not pay its war debts and
other expenses.
This weakened the structure of the federal
government because there was no
administrator.
No matter how small or large a state’s
population was, it had an equal vote. This
helped states with smaller populations while
possibly hurting states with larger populations.
This allowed major government business to
move forward with a majority vote.
This made it extremely difficult to make
changes to the Articles of Confederation.
____ 46. What made it almost impossible to change the Articles of Confederation?
a. There was no president.
b. The federal government could not levy taxes.
c. All 13 states had to approve amendments to the Articles.
____ 47. Which of the following resulted from the passage of the Dawes Act in 1887?
a. Native American reservations were divided into smaller plots.
b. Native Americans agreed to sell their lands in exchange for small business loans.
c. Native Americans bought additional lands to farm.
____ 48. Which of the following were “pull” factors for immigration between 1880 and 1920?
a. farming and industry
c. religious freedom and jobs
b. large cities and tenements
____ 49. President Wilson’s “peace without victory” idea formed a key part of
a. the Fourteen Points.
c. the Alien Act.
b. the Sedition Act.
____ 50. Why did the United States banking system need to be reformed in the early 1900s?
a. The nation had no central authority to supervise banks.
b. Too many people controlled the reserve funds of the nation’s banks.
c. Banks had full access to their reserves when customers wanted to withdraw money.
Use the graph and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.
____ 51. What is true of all three leaders?
a. They believed in political parties.
b. They believed in strong federal government.
c. They were part of the first administration.
____ 52. The demand for white-collar workers led to the formation of
a. a middle class.
c. gangs.
b. the working poor.
____ 53. One reason powerful nations rushed to grab colonies in the 1800s was the desire
a. for new military allies in Africa and Asia.
b. for raw materials and natural resources located abroad.
c. to learn about manufacturing practices in weaker nations.
____ 54. Which reform did the Nineteenth Amendment enact?
a. women’s right to vote
c. a ban on child labor
b. African American men’s suffrage
____ 55. What social problem did Upton Sinclair’s novel The Jungle describe?
a. the ruthless business methods of John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil
b. the struggles of black Americans
c. the living and working conditions in Chicago’s stockyards and meatpacking plants
Use the graph and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 56. How do the changes shown in this graph relate to Progressive reforms?
a. Progressives encouraged women to leave urban manufacturing jobs to take rural farming
jobs.
b. As more women entered the industrial workforce, more women began to work for better
living and working conditions and voting rights.
c. The Women’s Trade Union League organized to limit the number of women working in
manufacturing.
____ 57. In which decade did the number of women employed in manufacturing increase most?
a. 1860s
c. 1900s
b. 1880s
____ 58. Archduke Francis Ferdinand’s assassination triggered World War I when
a. Russia refused to come to the aid of Serbia.
b. Italy’s alliance with France forced it to declare war on Germany.
c. Serbia refused to comply with Austria-Hungary’s ultimatum.
____ 59. Social Darwinism is the theory that
a. only countries with colonies can compete in the world market.
b. the American frontier stopped people from rebelling in the United States.
c. life consists of competitive struggles in which only the strong survive.
____ 60. Imperialism refers to the policy in which strong nations
a. offer military assistance in exchange for economic aid.
b. extend their political, military, and economic control over weaker territories.
c. help weak nations develop democratic forms of government.
____ 61. The Industrial Revolution entailed a
a. change from using machines to using mostly hand-held tools to produce goods.
b. surge in the building of factories to produce textiles and other goods.
c. growing emphasis on the use of slave labor.
____ 62. Which of the following could vote during the first state elections?
a. white men who owned property
c. white men and women
b. Native American men
____ 63. The English established their first successful colony at
a. St. Augustine.
c. Jamestown.
b. Plymouth.
____ 64. Whose slogan was “Eight hours of work, eight hours of sleep, eight hours for what we will”?
a. American Federation of Labor
c. Populist Party
b. Knights of Labor
____ 65. When immigrants settled in the cities, which of the following did most experience?
a. lush parks and play areas
c. clean and safe streets
b. life in crowded tenements
____ 66. The belief that life consists of competitive struggles in which only the fittest survive is known as
a. socialism.
c. social Darwinism.
b. the Social Gospel.
____ 67. On the West Coast, most Chinese immigrants arrived through
a. Boston.
c. Seattle.
b. Angel Island.
Matching
Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person.
a. NAACP
d. Square Deal
b. Clayton Antitrust Act
e. W.E.B. Du Bois
c. settlement house
f. muckrakers
____ 68. Theodore Roosevelt’s plan for fair government
____ 69. a community center that provided social services to the urban poor
____ 70. legislation that strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act by spelling out the specific activities in which
businesses could not engage
Short Answer Choose and answer three (3) questions from the list below. Each question is worth 15 points!
71. Determine relevance How important was Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle to passage of the Meat Inspection
Act? Explain
72. Determine relevance Did big business influence the 1900 presidential election? Explain your reasoning.
73. Recognizing Multiple Causes What were two “push” and two “pull” factors on immigrants?
74. Identifying Causes and Effects What factors led to the successful expansion of industry in the United
States?
75. Analyze Cause and Effect Define Roosevelt’s Square Deal. How did his plan affect the Progressive Era?
Give at least two specific examples.
76. Summarize What were the main factors leading to the rise in immigration, and what did immigrants
experience when they arrived in the United States?
77. Recognizing Multiple Causes What two events led to the migration west, and what obstacles did migrants
face after they arrived?