Background
Aim: What is Electricity
All matter is made up of ________, and
atoms are made up of smaller
particles:
• _________ contain a negative charge
• _________ a positive charge.
• _________ are neutral
Some kinds of atoms have loosely attached
electrons.
Electron Movement
•
Electrons
•
When those electrons
•
The electrons
• An atom that loses electrons
• An atom that gains electrons
• A "charged" atom is called an __________
Electron Movement
Electron Movement
• When electrons move among the atoms of matter,
• When electrons move among the atoms of matter,
• This is what happens in a piece of wire
• . This is what happens in a piece of wire
•
The electrons are passed
•
The electrons are passed from atom to atom,
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Insulators vs. Conductors
Electron Movement
Electron Movement
• Some materials
• Some things hold their electrons very tightly.
• These are called
•
• Most metals
• good insulators
Resistance
Resistance
• Different types of metal are used in making wire. You
can have copper wire, aluminum wire, even steel wire.
• Electricity "flows" or moves
• Each
• The measurement of how.
• Each of these metal
•
Conductors
•
The lower the resistance
• Insulators
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Resistance
Resistance
• . A piece of metal can be made to act like a heater.
• Copper
• When an electrical current occurs, the resistance
•
The higher the resistance,
•
like the wire in a hair dryer, can be very hot
Resistance
When electricity flow through wire it slows
1.
2.
• Static Electricity
• Another type of electrical energy is static
electricity. Unlike current electricity that
moves, static electricity stays in one place.
3.
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Static Electricity
• Rub a balloon filled with air on a wool
sweater or on your hair. Then hold it up to
a wall. The balloon will stay there by itself.
•
• . The two balloons hanging by strings both
have negative charges. Negative charges
always repel negative charges and
positive always repels positive charges.
So, the two balloons' negative charges
"push" each other apart.
•
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Static Electricity
• Static electricity can also give you a shock. If you walk
across a carpet,
• shuffling your feet
• Shuffling your feet picks
• . When you touch a metal doorknob
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Vocabulary:
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6.
Aim:
What are Circuits
A simple circuit :
The most basic ___________
Consists of a ________________
and a _______ (something to use the
current).
battery =
light
=
wire
=
Open Circuit
•
In order for electricity to flow,
•
A broken wire or an "open" (off) switch leaves
•
This situation is called an open circuit.
Open or Closed
Types of Circuits
•
•
•
•
Simple
Series
Parallel
Combonation
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Simple Circuit
Electrons
____________
____________
____________
A parallel circuit
When the circuit is wired so that the
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________.
A series circuit:
When your circuit includes a few loads
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Series or Parallel
The loads run parallel to each other.
Series or Parallel
Series or Parallel
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Open or Closed
Two Types of Current
Direct Current:
•
Alternating Current:
•
•
•
•
•
Which one had electricity flowing?
Direct Current
Indirect Current
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