Unit 7 Review
•Animals and Animal Systems
•Initial questions are worth 1 point each.
•Each question will be followed by an explanation
•All questions will be asked a second time at the very end, each of those questions will be worth 2 points
2 points.
An organism that is eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic and lacks cell walls belongs to
heterotrophic, and lacks cell walls belongs to
which of the following?
A. Monera
B. Protista
C. Fungi
D Plantae
D. Plantae
E. Animalia
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
These organisms often have both a polyp form and a medusa form in their life cycle.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Animal Phyla
(simple non tripoblastic)
(simple non‐tripoblastic)
•Porefora‐ Sponges •No true tissues •Asymmetrical
•Filter Feeders
•Cnidaria‐ Jellyfish/Coral •Medusa/Polyp y
y
•Radial symmetry •Stinging cells cnidocytes
These organisms have a chitinous exoskelcton
and jointed appendages.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Animal Phyla
(tripoblastic protostomes)
•Platyhelmenthes‐ Flatworms (Acoelomates, bilateral symmetry)
bilateral symmetry)
•Nemetodia‐ Roundworms (Pseudocoelomates, bilateral symmetry, tough cuticle)
•Annelidia‐ Segmented worms (Coelomates, bilateral symmetry, closed circulatory system)
•Molluska Gastropods, Bivalves, Cephalopods •Molluska‐
Gastropods Bivalves Cephalopods
(Coelomates, bilateral symmetry, open circulatory system, respiratory system)
•Arthropoda‐ Insects, crustaceans, arachnids (Coelomates, jointed feet, exoskeleton, open circulatory system trachae respiration)
circulatory system, trachae
These organisms have radial symmetry and a water g
y
y
vascular system and are generally bottom dwellers.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
These organisms have pharyngeal gill slits and a dorsal hollow nerve cord at some time in their
dorsal hollow nerve cord at some time in their
development.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Animal Phyla
(tripoblastic deuterostomes)
•Echinoderms‐ Starfish (Coelomates, endoskeleton, water vascular system, open d k l
l
circulatory system.
•Chordates – Vertebrates + tunicates, lancelets and hagfish. (Coelomates, closed circulatory system, pharyngeal slits, post‐anal tail, notochord, dorsal nerve cord)
Adaptations that have enabled vertebrates to survive p
on land include all of the following EXCEPT
(A) a water‐resistant epidermis
(B) development of a bony skeleton
(C) development of lungs
(D) external fertilization
(D) external fertilization
(E) embryos enclosed within membranes
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1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is LEAST involved in respiratory gas exchange in the frog?
A. Lining of the mouth
B. Lungs
C. Skin
D Large intestine
D. Large intestine
E. Blood
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Vertebrate Classes
•Jawless Fishes‐ Hagfish, Lamprey (no jaws)
•Cartilaginous
Cartilaginous Fishes
Fishes‐ Sharks, Rays (skeleton made of Sharks Rays (skeleton made of
cartilage)
•Bony Fishes‐ Ray Finned, Lobe Finned (2 chambered heart mineralized bone)
heart, mineralized bone)
•Amphibians‐ Frogs, Salamanders (3 chambered heart‐no septum, double life, cutaneous respiration) •Reptiles‐ Lizards, Snakes (3 chambered heart‐septum, scales of keratin)
•(Birds)‐
(Birds) Birds (4 chambered heart, modified scales as Birds (4 chambered heart modified scales as
feathers)
•Mammals‐ Monotremes, Marsupials, Placential (4 chambered heart hair milk)
chambered heart, hair, milk)
Animals produce most of their nitrogen‐
containing wastes during
A. protein catabolism
B. carbohydrate catabolism
C. lipid catabolism
D glycogen synthesis
D. glycogen synthesis
E. production of chemiosmotic gradients
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
All of the following processes occur in the nephron EXCEPT
A. tubular secretion
B. glomerular filtration
C. erythrocyte formation
D cellular respiration
D. cellular respiration
E. selective reabsorption
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is most directly influenced by anti diuretic hormone (ADH)?
A. The rate of glomerular filtration
B. Countercurrent exchange in the loop of Henle
C. Reabsorption of water from the collecting duct
D. Reabsorption of sodium ions from the distal convoluted tubule
E. Secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions into the proximal convoluted tubule.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Compounds that are foreign to an organism and that p
g
g
elicit an immune response in the organism are called
A. antigens
B. interferons
C. teratogens
D antibodies
D. antibodies
E. histamines
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is the most effective in lowering the body temperature of a mammal?
A. erection of fur
B. involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles C. increased epinephrine secretion
p p
D. increase flow of blood to the skin
E increased metabolic rate
E. increased metabolic rate.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
The function of which of the following structures is NOT directly related to diffusion or active transport across
directly related to diffusion or active transport across its membranes?
(A) Aorta
(B) Small intestine
(C) Nephron tubule
(D) Capillary
(D) Capillary
(E) Alveolus
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Mammalian Systems
Digestive‐ Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Pancreas, Liver, Small Intestine, Colon, Rectum.
Excretory‐ Kidney (nephrons), Ureter, Bladder, Urethra.
Respiratory‐ Mouth, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli, Diaphram. Circulatory‐ Heart (RAÆRVÆLAÆLV), Arteries, Veins, Capillaries.
Immune System‐ Thymus (T), Bone Marrow (B), Spleen, Lymphatic System.
Endocrine‐
In humans primary oocytes are located in the
In humans primary oocytes
are located in the
A. cervix
B. uterus
C. corpus luteum
D oviduct
D. oviduct
E. ovary
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following hormones is directly responsible for the maintenance of the uterine lining during pregnancy in mammals? (A) Melatonin
(B) Oxytocin
(C) Progesterone
(D) Prolactin
(D) Prolactin
(E) FSH (Follicle‐stimulating hormone)
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Animal Reproduction
Female Reproductive (internal) – Follicles, y ,
,
,
,
, g
Oocytes, Ovaries, Oviduct, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina
Female Reproductive (external) – Labia manora + majora, Clitoris
majora, Clitoris
Male Reproductive (internal) – Testicles, Epididymis Vas Deferens Seminal Vesicle
Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicle, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Glands
M l R
Male Reproductive (external) –
d ti ( t
l) Penis, Foreskin, P i F
ki
Glans Penis
Which of the following describes the correct sequences of stages during embryogensis?
A. Cleavage, blastula formation, gastrulation
B. Cleavage, gastrulation, blastula formation
C. Blastula formation, gastrulation, cleavage
D. Blastula formation, cleavage, gastrulation
,
g ,g
E. Gastrulation, cleavage, blastula formation
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
All of the following statements about the placenta are correct EXCEPT
A. It permits interchange of CO2 and O2 between maternal and fetal blood.
B. It forms from tissues of both the embryo and the uterus.
C. It permits the mixing of maternal and fetal blood
D. It functions as an endocrine gland.
E. It provides the embryo with a way to dispose of its nitrogenous waste products.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
As the initial cleavage divisions proceed in a frog embryo, which of the following results?
of the following results? (A) The embryo increases in size.
(B) The cytoplasmic content of the individual cells increases.
( )
(C) The yolk mass increases in size.
y
(D) Individual cells become smaller.
(E) Individual cells become haploid
(E) Individual cells become haploid.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is correct concerning development of embryos in animals but not in plants?
development of embryos in animals but not in plants? (A) Gastrulation occurs within the embryo.
(B) Fertilization produces a diploid embryo.
(C) Embryonic cell divisions are mitotic.
(D) Fusion of gametes results in a zygote
(D) Fusion of gametes results in a zygote.
(E) Cell differentiation occurs.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Animal Development
General Animal Development – Zygote, Cleavage ,
(
p )
Æ Blastula, Gastrula (Blastopore)
Placental Development ‐ Placenta allows for transfer of oxygen and nutrients between fetus
transfer of oxygen and nutrients between fetus and parent. Blood is kept separate.
The reaction Hb(O
( 2)4 Æ Hb+4O2 ((Hb = hemoglobin) is g
)
fostered by all of the following EXCEPT
A. increased carbon dioxide in the blood
B. increased oxygen in the blood
C. increased acidity of the blood
D increased temperature
D. increased temperature
E. strenuous exercise
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
One of these things…
Sometimes you just won’t know the answer. Try g
to find the answer that doesn’t belong.
Review Quiz!
•Answer values are doubled… lets see how you do.
Animals produce most of their nitrogen‐
containing wastes during
A. protein catabolism
B. carbohydrate catabolism
C. lipid catabolism
D glycogen synthesis
D. glycogen synthesis
E. production of chemiosmotic gradients
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following hormones is directly responsible for the maintenance of the uterine lining during pregnancy in mammals? (A) Melatonin
(B) Oxytocin
(C) Progesterone
(D) Prolactin
(D) Prolactin
(E) FSH (Follicle‐stimulating hormone)
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following describes the correct sequences of stages during embryogensis?
A. Cleavage, blastula formation, gastrulation
B. Cleavage, gastrulation, blastula formation
C. Blastula formation, gastrulation, cleavage
D. Blastula formation, cleavage, gastrulation
,
g ,g
E. Gastrulation, cleavage, blastula formation
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
All of the following statements about the placenta are correct EXCEPT
A. It permits interchange of CO2 and O2 between maternal and fetal blood.
B. It forms from tissues of both the embryo and the uterus.
C. It permits the mixing of maternal and fetal blood
D. It functions as an endocrine gland.
E. It provides the embryo with a way to dispose of its nitrogenous waste products.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is the most effective in lowering the body temperature of a mammal?
A. erection of fur
B. involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles C. increased epinephrine secretion
p p
D. increase flow of blood to the skin
E increased metabolic rate
E. increased metabolic rate.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
As the initial cleavage divisions proceed in a frog embryo, which of the following results?
of the following results? (A) The embryo increases in size.
(B) The cytoplasmic content of the individual cells increases.
( )
(C) The yolk mass increases in size.
y
(D) Individual cells become smaller.
(E) Individual cells become haploid
(E) Individual cells become haploid.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is correct concerning development of embryos in animals but not in plants?
development of embryos in animals but not in plants? (A) Gastrulation occurs within the embryo.
(B) Fertilization produces a diploid embryo.
(C) Embryonic cell divisions are mitotic.
(D) Fusion of gametes results in a zygote
(D) Fusion of gametes results in a zygote.
(E) Cell differentiation occurs.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is most directly influenced by anti diuretic hormone (ADH)?
A. The rate of glomerular filtration
B. Countercurrent exchange in the loop of Henle
C. Reabsorption of water from the collecting duct
D. Reabsorption of sodium ions from the distal convoluted tubule
E. Secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions into the proximal convoluted tubule.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Which of the following is LEAST involved in respiratory gas exchange in the frog?
A. Lining of the mouth
B. Lungs
C. Skin
D Large intestine
D. Large intestine
E. Blood
20%
1
20%
20%
2
3
20%
4
20%
5
Adaptations that have enabled vertebrates to survive p
on land include all of the following EXCEPT
(A) a water‐resistant epidermis
(B) development of a bony skeleton
(C) development of lungs
(D) external fertilization
(D) external fertilization
(E) embryos enclosed within membranes
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
All of the following processes occur in the nephron EXCEPT
A. tubular secretion
B. glomerular filtration
C. erythrocyte formation
D cellular respiration
D. cellular respiration
E. selective reabsorption
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
These organisms have radial symmetry and a water g
y
y
vascular system and are generally bottom dwellers.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
These organisms often have both a polyp form and a medusa form in their life cycle.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Compounds that are foreign to an organism and that p
g
g
elicit an immune response in the organism are called
A. antigens
B. interferons
C. teratogens
D antibodies
D. antibodies
E. histamines
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
These organisms have pharyngeal gill slits and a dorsal hollow nerve cord at some time in their
dorsal hollow nerve cord at some time in their
development.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
The reaction Hb(O
( 2)4 Æ Hb+4O2 ((Hb = hemoglobin) is g
)
fostered by all of the following EXCEPT
A. increased carbon dioxide in the blood
B. increased oxygen in the blood
C. increased acidity of the blood
D increased temperature
D. increased temperature
E. strenuous exercise
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
The function of which of the following structures is NOT directly related to diffusion or active transport across
directly related to diffusion or active transport across its membranes?
(A) Aorta
(B) Small intestine
(C) Nephron tubule
(D) Capillary
(D) Capillary
(E) Alveolus
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
An organism that is eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic and lacks cell walls belongs to
heterotrophic, and lacks cell walls belongs to
which of the following?
A. Monera
B. Protista
C. Fungi
D Plantae
D. Plantae
E. Animalia
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
These organisms have a chitinous exoskelcton
and jointed appendages.
(A) Echinoderms
(B) Annelids
(C) Arthropods
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(D) Cnidarians (coelenterates)
(E) Chordates
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
In humans primary oocytes are located in the
In humans primary oocytes
are located in the
A. cervix
B. uterus
C. corpus luteum
D oviduct
D. oviduct
E. ovary
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
0%
4
5