Lesson 4
Exercise 1 • Listening for Sounds in Words: Phonograms
with Silent Letters
4 Read each sound in the Sound Bank.
Sound Bank
/m/
/n/
/r/
/s/
4 Listen to each word your teacher says. Repeat each word.
4 Listen for the consonant sound.
4 Write the consonant sound from the Sound Bank in the space provided.
4 Underline the letters representing the sound.
4 Circle the consonant letter that is silent.
1. wreath
2. align
3. wrong
4. rhetoric
5. knowledge
6. autumn
7. kneel
8. column
9. balm
10. knight
© 2009 by Sopris West Educational Services.
Unit 34 • Lesson 4
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Unit 34 • Lesson 4
Exercise 2 • Choose It: Words with Greek Combining Forms
4 Read each sentence and the answer choices below.
4 Select the correct answer and write it in the blank.
4 Circle the Greek combining forms in the word.
4 Use the Morphemes for Meaning Cards and a dictionary as needed as a reference.
4 Identify and underline clues in the sentence that helped you select the word.
1.
England is ruled by one person, a queen or king, and is therefore a
.
a. democracy
b. biography
c. monarchy
d. patriarchy
2. A
is the name given to a large animal with thick skin, such as
an elephant, rhinoceros, or hippopotamus.
a. dermatologist
b. zoologist
c. hypodermic
d. pachyderm
3. A specialist who helps a patient understand behavior and emotions is called a
.
a. dermatologist
4. In a(n)
voting.
a. democracy
b. psychologist
c. geologist
d. aristocrat
, citizens are encouraged to take part in government by
b. psychologist
c. aristocracy
d. autocracy
5. A
, a large urban area where many people live, must have an
evacuation plan that can be used in case of disaster.
a. village
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b. metropolis
c. city
d. suburb
© 2009 by Sopris West Educational Services.
Unit 34 • Lesson 4
Exercise 3 • Identify It: Adjectival Clauses and Noun Clauses
4 Read each sentence.
4 Identify the dependent clause and underline it.
4 Decide whether the clause is an adjectival clause or a noun clause.
4 Circle the correct answer.
1. Maya Angelou, who has been called a Renaissance woman, was born in Missouri
in 1928.
a. noun clause
b. adjectival clause
2. We learned that Maya Angelou speaks five languages.
a. noun clause
b. adjectival clause
3. Whoever reads her autobiography will learn extraordinary facts about Maya
Angelou.
a. noun clause
b. adjectival clause
4. To this day, Maya Angelou remembers the books that Mrs. Flowers lent her.
a. noun clause
b. adjectival clause
5. As a child, Maya Angelou would read whatever she was given.
a. noun clause
© 2009 by Sopris West Educational Services.
b. adjectival clause
Unit 34 • Lesson 4
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Unit 34 • Lesson 4
Exercise 4 • Punctuate It: Essential and Nonessential Clauses
4 Read each sentence.
4 Identify the dependent clause and underline it.
4 Decide whether the clause is essential or nonessential to the meaning of the sentence, and
circle the correct answer.
4 Place commas where needed.
1.
The American poet who spoke at President Bill Clinton’s inauguration is worldrenowned.
a. essential
b. nonessential
2. Momma spoke to Mrs. Flowers who passed by on her way to the store.
a. essential
b. nonessential
3. Mrs. Flowers purchased the things that she needed at the local store.
a. essential
b. nonessential
4. Marguerite chose a school dress which she wore to Mrs. Flowers’ house.
a. essential
b. nonessential
5. The conversation, which centered around the poems we were writing was
interrupted by giggles from my younger sister.
a. essential
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b. nonessential
© 2009 by Sopris West Educational Services.
Unit 34 • Lesson 4
Exercise 5 • When to Quote a Source
Most of the information in your report should be written in your own words. But adding
quotations in moderation can strengthen your writing. Quotations show that you have done
careful research: you have found words of others that support your points. Here are some
guidelines that will help you decide when it is better to quote an author than to paraphrase the
author’s ideas.
Quote a source when:
• you need to state information directly from a historical document, such as the U.S.
Constitution or the Bill of Rights.
• it is necessary for you to show exactly how a writer wrote or said something in his or her own
words.
• an author or speaker expresses something in a way that is especially beautiful or interesting
(for example, through the use of images or metaphors).
When you quote from a source:
• be sure to put the phrase, sentence, or passage in quotation marks.
• write down the name of the person who said or wrote the words you are quoting.
4 Read each of these examples. Then write why you think the writer chose to quote this
information rather than paraphrase it.
1. The Declaration of Independence states, “We hold these truths to be self-evident,
that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”
(continued)
© 2009 by Sopris West Educational Services.
Unit 34 • Lesson 4
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Unit 34 • Lesson 4
Exercise 5 (continued) • When to Quote a Source
2. Thomas Jefferson wrote in a letter to the Danbury Baptists that “religion is a matter
which lies solely between Man & his God, that he owes account to none other for his
faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, &
not opinions.”
3. In fact, one of the authors of the American Constitution, Gouverneur Morris,
praised the outcome of Zenger’s trial. He said it was “the germ of American
freedom—the morning star of that liberty which subsequently revolutionized
America.”
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Unit 34 • Lesson 4
© 2009 by Sopris West Educational Services.