U.S. History
Lesson 3
Americans Settle in the Southwest
- The area known as TX had not been settled by the Spanish.
- Nat. Am. scared off Mexican settlers.
A. Mission System
1 Mexico became independent in 1821.
1.
1821
2. SP had wanted to spread Christianity to Nat. Am.
- built missions & forts (presidios)
3 When Mex.
3.
Mex became independent – Nat.
Nat Am.
Am rebelled.
rebelled
B. Impact of Mexican Independence
1. Mex. began trading w/ the U.S.
Tejanos (Mex. settlers) had longhorn cattle – good beef.
2. Mex. had a large territory – difficult to control.
- Indians,, etc.
C. Mexico Invites U.S. Settlers
1. Wanted the U.S. to help control Indians
g
(empresarios)
( p
)
- offered land to agents
- agents sold it cheaply to U.S. settlers.
- had to obey Mex. laws and become Catholic.
2. By 1830’s – more Americans than Mex. in TX.
D Austin in TX
D.
1. Stephen F. Austin - empresario
- started a colony – No drunks, gamblers, swearers, or idlers.”
2. San Felipe
li was the
h capitol
i l – Thriving
h i i colony
l
w// 297 settlements.
l
3. U.S. wanted to buy TX, but Mex. would not sell.
Texas Fights
- settlers did not want to follow rules. (Catholic, slavery, etc.)
A. Come to Texas
1 1830 – Mexico
1.
M i sealed
l d its
it border
b d
- people continued to arrive (was not enforced)
2. 1834 – Ban was lifted – 1000/month came to TX
- wrote “GTT” on their doors & left. (Gone To Texas)
3. Pres. Santa Anna did not like the U.S.
- had Austin arrested when he visited Mex. City
y
B. Remember the Alamo
1. Santa Anna marched to TX – force Am. to obey the rules.
- killed 187 Am. @ the Alamo – Old Spanish mission.
- Jim Bowie & Davey
y Crockett were killed
- 100’s of Mexicans were also killed.
- only a few women & children were spared.
C Lone Star Republic
C.
1. 1836 – Santa Anna executed 300 Am. @ Goliad.
2. Sam Houston & Texans attacked @ San Jacinto
- shouted “Remember the Alamo!”
- killed 630 Mex. in 18 minutes. Captured Santa Anna.
- Forced Santa Anna to sign Treaty of Velasco
- TX was now independent. “Lone Star Republic.”
D. Texas Joins the Union
1. March 16, 1838 – Sam Houston wanted U.S. to annex TX.
- U.S. was unsure (slavery)
p
– 12/29/1845 – TX becomes
2. Pres. Polk wanted expansion
28th state of the U.S.
3. Mexico was furious – never recognized the Lone Star Rep.