Flowering plants - angiosperms
A spectacular terrestrial radiation
Over 250,000 extant species
Major lineages originated 130-90 million years ago
Dramatic rise to dominance 100-70 million years ago
We’re Coordinated
Angiosperm phylogenetics has been highly collaborative
(e.g., Donoghue and Doyle 1989; Chase et al. 1993; Chase et al. 1993; D. Soltis et
al., 1997, 2000; Hoot et al. 1999; Qiu et al. 1999, 2000; P. Soltis et al., 1999;
Olmstead et al. 2000; Savolainen et al. 2000; Zanis et al. 2002; Hilu et al. 2003)
There have been numerous collaborations among the PIs
Analyses of sequences from all three plant genomes have
identified major clades
New classifications have been proposed (APG 1998; APG II
2003); also collaborative, and involving the PIs.
Summary tree
Triaperturate
pollen
Based on Soltis et a. 2000
with modifications from
Zanis et al. 2002,
Soltis et al. 2003
Illiciu
m
Amborella
Cabomba
The “Dirty Dozen”
FIG. 1A
Saxifragaceae
StegnospermnataceaeCrossosomatales s. l.
Chrysobalanaceae s.l.
Crassulaceaealliance
alliance
eurosid II (malvids)
Rhabdodendraceae
Trochodendraceae
Ctenolophonaceae
Daphniphyllaceae
Lophopyxidaceae
Berberidopsidales
Cercidiphyllaceae
Ceratophyllaceae
Hamamelidaceae
Achatocarpaceae
Passifloraceae
s.l.
Caryophyllaceae
Simmondsiaceae
Picrodendraceae
Erythroxylaceae
Austrobaileyales
Lacistemataceae
Rhizophoraceae
Zygophyllaceae
Chloranthaceae
Amaranthaceae
Podostemaceae
Nymphaeaceae
Phytolaccaceae
Asteropeiaceae
Amborellaceae
Halophytaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Caryocaraceae
Phyllanthaceae
Nyctaginaceae
Sarcobataceae
Molluginaceae
Putranjivaceae
Ixonanthaceae
Malpighiaceae
Ochnaceae
s.l.
Portulacaceae
Balanopaceae
Peridiscaceae
Bonnetiaceae
Hypericaceae
Krameraceae
Ranunculales
Didiereaceae
Physenaceae
Humiriaceae
Altingiaceae
Paeoniaceae
Achariaceae
Cucurbitales
Polygonales
Dilleniaceae
Irvingiaceae
Gisekiaceae
Goupiaceae
Gunnerales
Basellaceae
Elatinaceae
magnoliids
Geraniales
Clusiaceae
Pandaceae Celastrales
Aizoaceae
Cactaceae
Oxalidales
Salicaceae
monocots
Buxaceae
Sabiaceae
Santalales
Violaceae
Proteales
Myrtales
Linaceae
Vitaceae
Huaceae
asterids
Rosales
Fabales
Fagales
4. SAXIFRAGALES
5. CARYOPHYLLIDS
8. MALPIGHIALES
7. BASAL FABIDS
6. BASAL ROSIDS
3. CORE EUDICOTS
2. BASAL EUDICOTS
1. BASAL ANGIOSPERMS
FIG. 1B
Pentaphragmataceae
Tetrameristaceae s.l.
Sphenostemonaceae
remaining
Asterales
Plocospermataceae
Pentaphylaceae s.l.
Columelliaceae
remaining
s.l. Paracryphiaceae
Apiales
Berberidopsidales
Tetrachondraceae
Caprifoliaceae s.l.
Carlemanniaceae
Scrophulariaceae
Theophrastaceae
Lentibulariaceae
Marcgraviaceae
Eremosynaceae
Orobanchaceae
Campanulaceae
Fouquieriaceae
Oncothecaceae
Calceolariaceae
Polemoniaceae
Sarraceniaceae
Paulowniaceae
Plantaginaceae
Balsaminaceae
Symplocaceae
Lecythidaceae
Escalloniaceae
Torricelliaceae
Diapensiaceae
Polyosmaceae
Pennantiaceae
Caryophyllids
Actinidiaceae
BoragniaceaeSchlegeliaceae
Bignoniaceae
Martyniaceae
Roridulaceae
Gesneriaceae
Quintinaceae
Myrsinaceae
Acanthaceae
Verbenaceae
Rousseaceae
Primulaceae
Phyrmaceae
Saxifragales
Dilleniaceae
Styracaceae
Maeasaceae
Byblidaceae
Clethraceae
Gentianales
Pedaliaceae
Aquifoliales
Gunnerales
Sapotaceae
Icacinaceae
Bruniaceae
Tribelaceae
Adoxaceae
Ebenaceae
Cyrillaceae
Lamiaceae
Vahliaceae
Stilbaceae
Santalales
Ericaceae
Garryales
Theaceae SolanalesOleaceae
Cornales
rosids
12. CAMPANULIDS
9. ERICALES
10. BASAL LAMIIDS
3. CORE EUDICOTS
11. LAMIALES
Angiosperm AToL goals
Multigene and genomics approaches (entire plastid sequences) to
clarify the framework of angiosperm phylogeny, focusing on 12
particularly problematic nodes (“dirty, but doable”)
Identify non-molecular synapomorphies and initiate a
comprehensive morphological database for angiosperms with
a suite of key features
Angiosperm AToL sequencing
Plastid genome sequences
Whole plastid sequencing for 30
species; collaboration with R.
Jansen and the Green Plant AToL
to compile a data set of ~100
entire plastid sequences
Targeted sequencing
Sequence 17 genes of proven utility from 370 genera selected to
span each of the 12 problematic nodes.
Resolve relationships within Malpighiales, Lamiales, Ericales, and
Campanulids, using additional DNA regions and taxa.
Angiosperm AToL morphology
Selected morphological features
recorded from 370 taxa in
DNA analyses; first-hand
observations of herbarium
and living material
Observations available in a
morphological database (e.g.,
MorphBank, F. Ronquist)
Three suites of characters
emphasized: pollen
morphology, leaf architecture,
and wood/stem anatomy
Angiosperm AToL Informatics
The Botany Browser--Integrating local and distributed data on
the Tree of Life
Web-based data resource integration
-- specimens, morphology, DNA,
images, geography, etc.
Links to GenBank, TreeBASE,
IPNI, etc.
Access through tree-based viewer -tools for viewing and comparing large
trees
Angiosperm AToL Training
Train postdocs, graduate,
and undergraduate students
(emphasis on minorities)
Interdisciplinary training,
combining phylogeny,
genomics, morphology,
and evolutionary biology;
coordinated with the Deep
Time and Deep Gene RCNs,
and the Green Plant
AToL(PI’s are participants)
International collaborations - student exchanges and
training.
Angiosperm AToL Outreach
Develop project website on angiosperm phylogeny
Contribute pages for the Tree of Life Web Project and
TreeHouses for K-12 use
Build an interactive, portable exhibit on phylogeny and the
associated computational challenges (coordinated by PI
Donoghue), providing results on plant phylogeny
Design posters detailing the angiosperm tree -- Multi-media
Center, Botany Department, University of Wisconsin
Angiosperm AToL Team
Collaboration among research teams assembled through seven
institutions, with additional collaborators from other institutions
in the US and Europe.
The co-PIs are:
University of Florida (UF): D. Soltis, P. Soltis, W. Judd,
S. Manchester
University of California-Davis (UCD): M. Sanderson
University of Michigan (UM): Y. Qiu, C. Davis; K. Wurdack
University of Washington (UW): R. Olmstead
University of Wisconsin (UWisc): K. Sytsma
Virginia Tech University (VT): K. Hilu
Yale University (Yale): M. Donoghue, R. Beaman, N. Cellinese,
L. Hickey
Angiosperm ATOL Management
Coordinated by D. and P. Soltis (UF)
Communicate and exchange data through the project website (
www.flmnh.ufl.edu/angiospermATOL)
Annual all-hands meeting to share results and coordinate
Annual workshop at one of the participating institutions, to
explore research topics relevant to the project, and provide
additional training for the post-docs and students
Angiosperm
ATOL
Stephen Smith
parsimony
likelihood
A project by Stephen Smith:
to get more info, email
[email protected] or
go to http://yphy.org