OCCUPATIONS
OF THE
599
PEOPLE
sider only those in. the main productive 40 year period between
25 and 64 years old inclusive. Thus Canada is shown by its statistics
to be emphatically, in so far as the males are concerned, a workers'
country.
Female Labour.—The growth of the employment of females
in gainful occupations between 1891 and 1911 is shown in Table 2.
The figures found there may be supplemented by the information
that in 1891, 11-07 p . c , in 1901, 12-01 p . c , in 1911, 14-31 p.c. of
the female population 10 years old and over were gainfully employed
—an increase from one-ninth to one-seventh of the female population
of these ages during the 20 year period—a rate of increase which,
in view of the labour conditions of the war and reconstruction period,
will probably be found to have been maintained in the present decade.
I t is significant that among females the age period during which
there is the maximum of gainful employment is shown by the census
to be that from 15 to 24 years inclusive. Of the female population
of these ages, 27-78 p.c. were in 1911 gainfully employed, a percentage
which fell to 12 • 14 p.c. for the period 25 to 64 years inclusive. As
every employer of female labour knows, the decline is due to the
absorption of female labour by marriage and home duties.
1.—Persons Engaged in Gainful Occupations in Canada, by Ages, 1911.
F e m a l e s 10 y e a r s
and over.
Males 10 y e a r s of age
a n d over.
Age periods.
Total
number.
E n g a g e d in gainful
occupations.
Number.
E n g a g e d in gainful
occupations.
Total
number.
P e r cent
of t o t a l .
Number.
P e r cent
of t o t a l .
17,376
353,876
620,972
735,071
1,682,522 1,619,885
100,580
194,176
344,500
4:91
84-48
647,874
96-28 1,384,228
51-80
172,141
7,777
179,992
168,034
9,018
2-26
27-78
12-14
5-24
T o t a l I t years a n d over 3,965,645 2,358,813
79 54 3,548,743
364,831
14 8 1
25 to 64 y e a r s
2.—Number of Males and Females 10 years of Age and over Engaged in Gainful Occupations, by Provinces, 1881 to 1911.
1881. 1
Province.
Male
and
Female.
Prince E d w a r d Island
N o v a Scotia
Now Brunswick
Saskatchewan
Alberta
British Columbia
}
Male.
No.
34,094
141,526
105,289
425,947
625,591
23,162
No.
31,673
134,859
94,261
397,438
535,765
50,669
3,993
20,759
44,955
17,983
1901.
1891.
Female.
No.
4,030
22,595
13,456
53,066
94,460
4,315
994
3,074
Male.
Female.
No.
No.
3,494
30,113
137,566 18,448
98,058 13,807
434,720 77,245
645,322 108,625
77,418
8,575
/
45,145
2,993 \
76,541
4,762
1911.
Male.
Female.
No.
No.
27,956
3,950
148,991 24,370
103,275 16,491
552,140 101 101
836,135 154,878
155,900 22 206
195,247 13,275
149,687 11 923
189,482 16,627
1,377,585 1,416,379 195,990 1,511.883 237.919 3,358,813 361,821
'Workers were not classified by sex in 1881.