PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Rich W. Clough, Ph.D.
Department of Anatomy
SIU School of Medicine Carbondale
Rich is Professor and Chair of the Department of Anatomy at the School of Medicine Carbondale. He
obtained his a Ph.D. degree in Human Anatomy from the University of Nebraska College of Medicine in
Omaha, NE (1983). He came to SIUC in 1987 after completing a 4-year post-doctoral fellowship in the
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and
Dentistry in Rochester, NY. There, his research focus was neuroendocrinology and neurobiology
conducted in the labs of Drs. Celia Sladek, Gloria Hoffman, and other investigators. Over the years,
Rich's research has been funded by NIH, NIMH, the Epilepsy Foundation of America, and others
agencies and has focused on neuroendocrinology, epilepsy, neuropathology, immediate early gene
expression in the brain, neural development, synaptogenesis, and most recently, the recovery of
neurological function following traumatic brain injury. Rich is actively engaged in teaching cadavericbased human anatomy and neuroanatomy and co-directing the Sensorimotor Systems and Behavior Unit
(SSB, one of three basic science units) of the first year medical curriculum at SIU School of Medicine.
SCHOLARLY ACTIVITY
Published manuscripts
1.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Intrinsic neurons of the septal area are involved in
reproductive development of the female rat. Neuroendocrinology 33: 363-371 {1981}.
2.
Rodriguez-Sierra, J.F., J.D. Blaustein, C.A. Blake, R.W. Clough and K.A. Elias. A decrease of
cytosol estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus as a result of treatment of neonatal rats with glutamate.
Experimental Brain Research 48: 272-278 {1982}.
3.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Hypothalamic synaptic changes in prepuberal female
rats administered estrogen. American Journal of Anatomy 167:205-214 {1983}.
4.
Morely, B.J., J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra and R.W. Clough. Increase in hypothalamic nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors in prepuberal female rats administered estrogen. Brain Research 278: 262-265
{1985}.
5.
Dada, M.O., J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra, R.W. Clough, L.L. Garner and C.A. Blake. Monosodium
glutamate and pituitary gland luteinizing hormone release in response to luteinizing hormone releasing
hormone: an in vitro analysis. Endocrinology 116: 246-251 {1985}.
6.
Hoffman-Small, G.E., R.E. Watson, S.J. Wiegand and R.W. Clough. Long term cryoprotection
of brain tissue for neuropeptide immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Peptides 7: 155-159
{1986}.
7.
Clough, R.W., P.F. Aravich and C.D. Sladek. Monosodium glutamate neurotoxicity: A sex
specific impairment of blood pressure but not vasopressin in developing rats. Brain Res. Bull. 17: 51-58
{1986}.
8.
Clough, R.W., J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra and L.B. Hoppe. Kainic acid lesions of the medial preoptic
area block positive feedback of estrogen on LH release and delay the onset of puberty in the female rat.
Biol. Reprod. 35:1269-1277 {1986}.
9.
Rodriguez-Sierra, J.F. and Clough, R.W. Sexual dimorphism in the synaptogenic effect of
estradiol in prepuberal rats. Synapse 1:258-264 {1987}.
10.
Sladek, C.D. and R.W. Clough. Comparison of vasopressin and oxytocin release from
hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal explants: cholineric and osmotic control. In: Vasopressin: Cellular
and Integrative Functions, R. Cowley (ED), {1988}.
11.
Clough, R.W., G.E. Hoffman and C.D. Sladek. Peripuberal development of noradrenergic
stimulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurosecretion in vitro. Brain Research 446:121132 {1988}.
12.
Clough, R.W., G.E. Hoffman and C.D. Sladek. Synergistic interaction between opioid receptor
blockade and alpha-adrenergic stimulation on LHRH neurosecretion in vitro. Neuroendocrinology
51:131-138 {1990}.
13.
Clough, R.W., R.B. Browning, M.L. Maring and P.C. Jobe. Intracerebral grafting of dorsal pons
tissue in the genetically epilepsy prone rat: effects on audiogenic induced seizures. Experimental
Neurology 112: 195-199 {1991}.
14.
Clough, R.W., P.F. Aravich and C.A. Phelps. Prolactin response to anesthetic and betaendorphin is altered in female rats treated neonataly with monosodium glutamate. Neuropeptides 22 (2)
129-135 {1992}.
15.
Clough, R.W., R.A. Browning, M.L. Maring, M.A. Statnick, C. Wang and P.C. Jobe. Effects of
intraventricular locus coeruleus transplants on seizure severity in genetically epilepsy prone rats
following depletion of brain norepinephrine. J. Neural Transplantation and Plasticity 5(1):65-79
{1994}.
16.
Clough, R.W. and R.P. Lehr. Testing of Human Gross Anatomy in Medical School: An applied
contextual-learning-theory method. Clinical Anatomy 9 (4):263-268 {1996}.
17.
Statnick, M.A., M. Maring-Smith, R.W. Clough, C. Wang, J.W. Dailey, P.C. Jobe and R.A.
Browning. The effects of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine on audigenic seizures in genetically epilepsy-prone
rats. Life Sciences 59 (21):1763-1771 {1996}.
18.
Clough, R.W., M.A. Statnick, M.L. Maring-Smith, C. Wang, J.B. Eells,* R.A. Browning, J.W.
Dailey and P.C. Jobe. Fetal raphe transplants reduce seizure severity in serotonin-depleted GEPRs.
Neuroreport 8(1):341-346 {1996}.
19.
Clough, R.W., J.B. Eells*, M.L. Maring-Smith, R.A. Browning, and P.C. Jobe. Seizures and
proto-oncogene expression of Fos in the brain of adult genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs).
Experimental Neurology. 146:341-353{1997}.
20.
Eells, J.B.* and R.W Clough. Fos immunoreactivity in Locus Coeruleus neurons after
audiogenic seizure in genetically epilepsy-prone rats: comparison to electroshock and pentylenetetrazol
seizure models. Neuroscience Letters. 233(1):21-24 {1997}.
21.
Clough, R.W., B.R. Peterson,* J.L. Steenbergen, P.C. Jobe, J.B. Eells,* R.A. Browning and P.K.
Mishra. Neurite extension of developing noradrenergic neurons is impaired in genetically epilepsyprone rats (GEPRs): an in vitro study on the locus coeruleus. Epilepsy Research 29(2):135-146 {1998}.
22.
Clough, R.W., S.G. Kienast and R.W. Steger. Reproductive endocrinopathy in streptozotocininduced diabetic male rats: studies on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone {LHRH) secretion,
content and neuron number. Endocrine 8:37-43, {1998}.
23.
Eells, J.B.* and R.W. Clough. Expression of Fos in the superior lateral subdivision of the lateral
parabrachial (LPBsl) area after generalized tonic seizures in rats. Brain Research Bulletin 47(2):155161 {1998}.
24.
Ryu, J.R., P.C. Jobe, J.C. Milbrandt, P.K Mishra, R.W. Clough, R.A. Browning, J.W. Dailey,
D.O. Seo and K.H. Ko. Morphological deficits in noradrenergic neurons in GEPR-9s stem from
abnormalities in both the locus coeruleus and its target tissues. Experimental Neurology 156:84-91
{1999}.
25.
Eells, J.B.,* R.W. Clough, R.W. Browning and J. Miller. Profiles of Fos expression and 2deoxyglucose uptake in developing Genetically Epilepsy Prone Rats (GEPR-3s): relation to progressive
development of seizure phenotypes. Brain Research Bulletin, 52(5):379-389 {2000}.
26.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Role of the superior colliculus and
the intercollicular nucleus in the brainstem seizure circuitry of the genetically epilepsy-prone rat.
Epilepsia 44(3):305-314, {2003}.
27.
Eells, J.B.,* R.W. Clough, R.A. Browning and P.C. Jobe. Comparative Fos immunoreactivity in
the brain after forebrain-evoked, brainstem-evoked or combined seizures induced by electroshock,
pentylenetetrazol, focally-induced and audiogenic seizures in rats. Neuroscience 123(1): 272-292,
{2004}.
28.
Clough, R.W., S.L. Shea, W.R. Hamilton, J.A. Estavillo, G.Rupp, R.A. Browning and S. Lal.
Weaving basic and social sciences into a case-based, clinically oriented medical curriculum” one
school’s approach. Academic Medicine 79(11):1073-1083, {2004}
29.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, P.C. Jobe and R. A. Browning. Brainstem severity regulates
forebrain seizure expression in the audiogenic kindling model. Epilepsia, 46(9):1380-1388, {2005}.
30.
Smith, D.C., A.A. Modglin, R.W. Roosevelt, S.L. Neese,* R.A. Jensen, R. A. Browning and
R.W. Clough.. Electrical Stimulation of the Vagus Nerve Enhances Cognitive and Motor Recovery
following Moderate Fluid Percussion Injury in the Rat. J. Neurotrauma 22(12):1485-1502 {2005}.
31.
Smith, D.C., A.A. Tan, A. Duke, S.L. Neese,* R.W. Clough, R.A. Browning, R.A. Jensen.
Recovery of function following vagus nerve stimulation initiated 24 hours post-fluid percussion brain
injury. J. Neurotrauma, 23(10):1549-1560 {2006}.
32.
Roosevelt, R.W., D.C. Smith, R.W. Clough, R.A. Jensen and R.A. Browning. Increased
extracellular concentrations of norepinephrine in rat cortex and hippocampus following vagus nerve
stimulation. Brain Research 1119:124-132 {2006}.
33.
Neese, S.L.,* L.K. Sherill,* A.A. Tan, R.W. Roosevelt, R.A. Browning, D.C. Smith, A. Duke
and R.W. Clough. Vagus Nerve Stimulation May Protect GABAergic Neurons Following Traumatic
Brain Injury in rats: an Immunocytochemical Study. Brain Research 1128(1):157-163 {2007}.
34.
Yan, X.X., K. Xiong, X.G. Luo, R.G. Struble and R.W. Clough. beta-secretase expression in
normal and functionally deprived olfactory bulb: Inverse correlation with oxidative metabolic activity.
J. Comp. Neurol. 501(1):52-69 {2007}.
35.
Clough, R.W., S.L. Neese,* L. Sherrill,* A.A. Tan, R.A. Browning and D.C. Smith. Cortical
edema in moderate fluid percussion brain injury is attenuated by vagus nerve stimulation. Neuroscience
147:286-293 {2007}.
36.
Xiong, K., H. Cai., X.G. Luo., R.G. Struble. R.W. Clough,. X.X. Yan Mitochondrial respiratory
inhibition and oxidative stress elevate beta-secretase (BACE1) proteins and activity in vivo in the rat
retina. Experimental Brain Research 181(3):435-446 {2007}.
37.
Xiong, K., R.W. Clough, X.G. Luo, R.G. Struble, Y.M. Li and X.X. Yan. [3H]-L-685,458 as a
radiotracer that maps gamma-secretase complex in the rat brain: Relevance to A-beta genesis and
presence of active presenilin-1 components. Brain Research 1157:81-91 {2007}.
38.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, J.W. Dailey, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Localization of the
serotonergic terminal fields modulating seizures in the genetically epilepsy prone rat. Epilepsy Res.
76:93-102 {2007}.
39.
Neese, S.L.,* M. L. Doran and R.W. Clough. Evaluation of degenerating neurons following
traumatic brain injury: cyromicrotomy and staining procedures for frozen sections of rat brains. J.
Histotechnol 30(2):109-114 {2007}.
40.
Xiong, K., D-W. Luo, P.R. Patrylo, X-G. Luo, R.G. Struble, R.W. Clough and X.X. Yan.
Doublecortin-expressing cells are present in layer II across the adult guinea pig cerebral cortex: Partial
colocalization with mature interneuron markers. Exp. Neurology 211:271-282 {2008}.
41.
Cai, Y., K. Xiong, Y. Chu, D-W. Luo, X.G. Luo, X-Y. Yuan, R.G. Struble, R.W. Clough, D.D.
Spencer, A. Williamson, J.H. Kordower, P.R. Patrylo and X.X. Yan. Doublecortin expression in adult
cat and primate cerebral cortex relates to immature neurons that develop into GABAergic subgroups.
Exp. Neurology 216 (2):342-356 {2009}
42.
Yang, H-J, H. Wang, Y. Zhang, L. Xiao, R.W. Clough, R. A. Browning, X-M. Li and H. Xu.
Region-specific susceptibilities to cuprizone-induced lesions in the mouse forebrain: implications for the
pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Brain Research 1270:121-130 {2009}
43.
Xu, H., H-J. Yang, Y. Zhang, R.W. Clough, R.A. Browning and X-M Li. Schizophrenia-like
behaviors and neurobiological changes of C57BL/6 mice chronically exposed to cuprizone. Behavioral
Neuroscience 123 (2):418-429 {2009}
44.
Zhang, X-M., Y. Cai, Y. Chu, E-Y. Chen, J-C. Feng, X.G. Luo, K. Xiong, R.G. Struble, R.W.
Clough, P.R. Patrylo, J.H. Kordower and X.X. Yan. Doublecortin-expressing cells persist in the
associative cerebral cortex and amygdala in aged nonhuman primates. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, 3:17.,
doi:10.3389, {2009}
45. Zhang X-M., Y. Cai, K. Xiong, H. Cai, X-G. Luo, J.C. Feng, R.W. Clough, R.G. Struble, P.R.
Patrylo and X-X. Yan. Beta secretase-1 elevation in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease is
associated with synaptic/axonal pathology and amyloidogenesis: Implication for neuritic plaque
development. Eur J. Neurosci. 30(12):2271-2283 {2009}.
46. Zhang X-M, K. Xiong, Y. Cai, H. Ca, X.G. Luo, J.C. Feng, R.W. Clough, P.R. Patrylo, R.G
Struble and X.X. Yan. Functional deprivation promotes amyloid plaque pathogenesis in Tg2576 mouse
olfactory bulb and piriform cortex. Eur J. Neurosci, 31(4):710-721 {2010}.
Xiong K, Cai Y, Zhang XM, Huang JF, Liu ZY, Fu GM, Feng JC, Clough RW, Patrylo PR, Luo
XG, Hu CH, Yan XX (2010). Layer 1 as a putative neurogenic niche in young adult guinea pig
cerebrum. Mol Cell Neurosci. 45(2): 180-191.
47.
48.
Cai,Y., K Xiong, X-M. Zhang, H. Cai, X-G. Luo, J-C. Feng, R.W. Clough, R.G. Struble, P.R.
Patrylo, Y. Chu, J.H. Kordower and X.X. Yan. β-Secretase-1 elevation in aged monkey and Alzheimer’s
disease human cerebral cortex occurs around the vasculature in partnership with multisystem axon
terminal pathogenesis and β-amyloid accumulation. Eur. J. Neurosci. 32(7):1223-1238 {2010}.
49.
Neese, S.L., R.W. Clough, W.J. Banz, D.C. Smith. Z-Bisdehydrodoisynolic acid (Z-BDDA): an
estrogenic seco-steroid that enhances behavioral recovery following moderate fluid percussion brain
injury in male rats. Brain Research 1362:93-101 {2010}.
50.
Banz, WJ., J.E. Davis, R.W. Clough, J.L. Cheatwood, 2012. Stearidonic Acid: Is there a Role in
the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? J. Nutrition 142(3):635S-640S.
Published Abstracts
1.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Effects of septal lesions with kainic acid in prepuberal
female rats on the release of luteinizing hormone and the onset of puberty. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts, Vol. 5, No. 148.7, Atlanta, Georgia {1979}.
2.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Kainic acid lesions of the limbic system disrupt
neuroendocrine and behavioral processes. Nebraska Academy of Sciences Abstracts, Vol. 19:15,
Lincoln, Nebraska {1980}.
3.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Neuroendocrine effects of kainic acid lesions in the
medial septal and dorsal hippocampal areas in the rat. Anatomical Record, 196(3), 34A, Omaha,
Nebraska {1980}.
4.
Rodriguez-Sierra, J.F., J.D. Blaustein, C.A. Blake, R.W. Clough and K.A. Elias. Treatment of
neonatal rats with MSG alters neuroendocrine function by decreasing cytosol estrogen receptors.
Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 7, No. 232.7, Los Angeles, California {1981}.
5.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Hypothalamic synaptic changes induced by estradiol
benzoate: Correlation to the puberal gonadotropin surge.
Anatomical Record, 202(3), 33A,
Indianapolis, Indiana {1982}.
6.
Rodriguez-Sierra, J.F., B.J. Morely and R.W. Clough. Prepuberal exposure to estrogen increases
the number of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) of the female rat.
Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 8 No. 54.2, Minneapolis, Minnesota {1982}.
7.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Puberty associated neural synaptic changes in female
rats administered estrogen. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 8, No. 54.3, Minneapolis,
Minnesota {1982}.
8.
Clough, R.W. and J.F. Rodriguez-Sierra. Sexual dimorphism and persistence of the
synaptogenic effect of estrogen. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 9, No. 92.12, Boston
Massachusetts {1983}.
9.
Watson, R.E., Jr., S.J. Wiegand, R.W. Clough, C.D. Sladek and G.E. Hoffman. The sexually
dimorphic vasopressinergic fiber density in the medial preoptic nucleus originates in the suprachiasmatic
nucleus. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 10, No. 129.9, Anaheim, California {1984}.
10.
Sladek, C.D. and R.W. Clough. Osmotic stimulation of vasopressin release from perifused
hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal explants. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 11, No. 308.1,
Dallas, Texas {1985}.
11.
Clough, R.W., C.D. Sladek and G.E. Hoffman. GNRH secretion in vitro: Interactions between
estrogen and norepinephrine during development. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 11, No.
379.4, Dallas, Texas {1985}.
12.
Clough, R.W., P.F. Aravich and C.D. Sladek. Monosodium glutamate obesity syndrome:
Effects on blood pressure and vasopressin. American Physiological Society, The Physiologist, Vol.
28(4), No. 30.7, Niagara Falls, New York {1985}.
13.
Clough, R.W., G.E. Hoffman and C.D. Sladek. Histological profiles of hypothalamic explants
maintained in perifusion tissue cultures: correlation to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)
secretion in vitro. Anatomical Record,Vol. 214(3), No. 23A, Reno, Nevada {1986}.
14.
Clough, R.W., P.A. Aravich, C.D. Sladek and J.R. Sladek, Jr.. Third ventricular transplant of
fetal tissue prevents the sex-specific systolic hypotension produced by neonatal MSG in female rats.
Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 12, No.349.3, Washington D.C.{1986}.
15.
Gallagher, M.J., R.W. Clough, R.E. Watson, G.E. Hoffman, S.J. Wiegand and C.D. Sladek.
(SPON: K.M. Skoog). Interactions between catecholamine and opioid systems on neurosecretion of
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) In Vitro. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 12,
No.382.17, Washington D.C. {1986}.
16.
Sladek, C. and R.W. Clough. Comparison of the regulation of oxytocin and vasopressin release
from organ-cultured hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal explants. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol.
12, No. 124.11, Washington D.C. {1986}.
17.
Clough, R.W., P.F. Aravich, C.D. Sladek and J.R. Sladek, Jr. Neural transplantation of fetal
mediobasal hypothalamic tissue into the neonatal-MSG-lesioned hypothalamus: corrective effect on
systolic hypotension and adenohypophyseal atrophy. Schimitt Neurological Sciences Symposium,
Rochester, NY {1987}.
18.
Clough, R.W., S.W. Carlson, C.J. Phelps, P.F. Aravich and C.D. Sladek. Monosodium glutatmte
treatment alters anesthesia and beta endorphin stimulated prolactin secretion in female rats: association
with tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 13 No.
425.15, New Orleans, LA {1987}.
19.
Sladek, C.D. and R.W. Clough. Modulation of adrenergic control of vasopressing release by
hypotonicity in organ-cultured hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal explants. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts, Vol. 13 No. 186.2, New Orleans, LA {1987}.
20.
Clough, R.W., G.E. Hoffman and C.D. Sladek. The effects of opioid receptor blockade and
catecholamine receptor stimulation on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) secretion in
vitro are additive. An international conference on BRAIN OPIOID SYSTEMS IN REPRODUCTION,
Cambridge, U.K. {1987).
21.
Clough, R.W. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neurosecretion following
neurotransmitter exposure in perifusion tissue culture: differential rebound responses to opioid and
adrenergic agents. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 14, No. 176.4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
{1988}.
22.
Callahan, R.L. and R.W. Clough. Intact gonadotropin response to steroid feedback and altered
prolactin control in female rats with arcuate nucleus maldevelopment as a result of neonatal glutamate.
Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 14, No 177.3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada {1988}.
23.
Clough, R.W., R.A. Browning, M.L. Lanker, and P.C. Jobe. Grafting of fetal locus coeruleus
(LC) tissue into the hippocampus (HP) of genetically epilepsy prone rats. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts, Vol. 15, No. 24.11, Phoenix, AR {1989}
24.
Lanker, L.L. and R.W. Clough. Neurotoxicity of kainic acid to luteinizing hormone-releasing
hormone neurons: evidence form in vitro secretion. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 15. No
540.19, Phoenix, AR {1989}.
25.
Clough, R.W., R.W. Steger and G. Kienast. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)
secretion in vitro from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat hypothalami. Endocrine Society Abstracts
No.453, Atlanta, GA {1990}.
26.
Maring, M.L., R.W. Clough, P.K. Mishra, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Decrease in seizure
severity in the genetically epilepsy-prone raty (GEPR) following yohimbine. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts , Vol 16, No. 320.1, St. Louis, MO {1990}.
27.
Clough, R.W. Phorbol myristate acetate-induced luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
(LHRH) release from preoptic area-mediobasal hypothalamic explant cultures: a role for protein kinase
C in LHRH neuron activation. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 16, No. 168.6 , St. Louis, MO
{1990}.
28.
Achilli, A.M., M.L. Pence, C.E. Adams, T.L. Norris, R.W. Clough. Bilateral kainic acid
infusions into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus fails to alter lordosis behavior in steroidprimed female rats. Biology of Reproduction 44, Supp. 1, No. 205, Vancouver, BC, Canada {1991}.
29.
Adams, C.E., M.L. Pence, A.M. Achilli, R.W. Clough. Preliminary effects of applied electrical
field characteristics to hypothalamic explants on the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
(LHRH) in vitro. Biology of Reproduction 44, Sup. 1, No. 206, Vancouver, BC,Canada {1991}.
30.
Clough, R.W., M.A. Statnick, C. Wang, M.L. Maring, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning.
Transplantation of fetal locus coeruleus into the genetically epilepsy-prone rat (GEPR) Brain: effects on
seizures following central catecholamine depletion. American Epilepsy Society, Epilepsia 32:68
Philadelphia, PA {1991}.
31.
Clough, R.W. Stimulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) release from
hypothalamic explants by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is blocked by beta-endorphin. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 17, No. 544.9, New Orleans, LA {1991}.
32.
Maring, M.L., R.W. Clough, R.A. Browning. Effects of neonatal castration and androgen
treatment on electrically-induced seizures in the adult rat. Chicago Chapter of the Society for
Neuroscience, Chicago, IL {1992}.
33.
Maring, M.L., R.W. Clough and R.A. Browning. Effects of neonatal castration and androgen
treatment on electrically-induced seizures in the adult rat. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 19,
No. 599.18, Washington D.C. {1993}.
34.
Clough, R.W., M.L. Maring, M.A. Statnick, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Grafting of fetal
raphe tissue decreases seizure severity in genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs) following depletion of
serotonin (5-HT). Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol 20, No. 172.11, Miami, FL {1994}.
35.
Eells, J.B., R.W. Clough, M.L. Maring, R.A. Browning and D.C. Smith. Proto-oncogene (c-Fos)
expression in the brain after audiogenic-, electroshock- and chemically-induced seizures in normal or
genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs). Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 20, No. 172.14,
Miami, FL {1994}.
36.
Eells, J.B., M.L. Maring-Smith, R.A. Browning and R.W. Clough. Neuronal early gene
expression following experimentally induced seizures in three rat models of epilepsy. Midwest
Regional Neurobiology Meeting. SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, IL {1994}.
37.
Eells, J.B., R.W. Clough, R.A. Browning. Comparison of Fos immunoreactivity following
generalized forebrain clonic seizures and brainstem tonic seizures. Sigma Xi Symposia, SIU School of
Medicine. Symposium Proceedings, Springfield, IL {1995}.
38.
Maring-Smith, M.L., R.W. Clough and R.A. Browning. Ibotenic acid-induced lesions of the
pontine reticular formation attenuate maximal electroshock seizures in rats. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts, Vol. 21, No. 389.4, San Diego, CA {1995}.
39.
Eells, J.B., R.W. Clough, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Brwoning. Coincident maturation of audiogenic
seizure propensity and Fos activation patterns in developing genetically epilepsy prone rats. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol. 21, No. 770.5, San Diego, CA {1995}.
40.
Clough, R.W., J.B. Eells, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Audiogenic seizures induce expression
of Fos in the nucleus locus coeruleus of genetically epilepsy prone rats. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts, Vol. 21, No. 770.4, San Diego, CA {1995}.
41.
Maring, M.L., R.W. Clough and R.A. Browning. The effect of neonatal castration or androgen
treatment on electrically induced seizures in the adult rat. Chicago Chapter, Society for Neuroscience,
Chicago, IL {1995}.
42.
Clough, R.W., B.R. Peterson, J.B. Eells, R.A. Browning, J.L. Steenbergen, P.K. Mishra and P.C.
Jobe. Neurite arborization of fetal locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in vitro: Analyses of substrates,
cytosine-arabinofuranoside and co-cultures in preparation for studies on epilepsy. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts, Vol 22, No. 819.1, Washington D.C., {1996}.
43.
Eells, J.B., R.A. Browning and R.W. Clough. Identification of a distinct neuronal population in
the dorsal pontine tegmentum expressing fos-like immunoreactivity induced by brainstem-evoked
seizure. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 22, No. 821.12, Washington, D.C. {1996}.
44.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Examination of the role of superior
colliculus in generalized tonic-clonic seizures and brainstem evoked forebrain seizures. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 22, No. 220.1, Washington D.C. {1996}.
45.
Milbrandt, J.C., J.L. Steenbergen, K.R. Steidley, R.W. Clough, P.K. Mishra, J.W. Dailey and
P.C. Jobe. Growth of noradrenergic neurons from fetal GEPR locus coeruleus can be influenced by the
target tissue: an in vitro study. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 23, No. 940.15 , New Orleans,
LA {1997}.
46.
Clough, R.W., B.R. Peterson, J.B. Eells, R.A. Browning, J.L. Steenbergen, P.K. Mishra and P.C.
Jobe. Noradrenergic abnormalities in genetically epilepsy-prone rats may result from deficient
arborization of developing locus coeruleus (LC) neurons: an in vitro study. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 23, No. 661.7, New Orleans, LA {1997}.
47.
Eells, J.B., R.A. Browning and R.W. Clough. Differential profiles of fos expression between
forebrain-evoked and brainstem-evoked seizures in rats: is the circuitry separable. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 23, No. 661.3, New Orleans, LA {1997}.
48.
Ryu, J.R., J.L. Steenbergen, P.K. Mishra, R.W. Clough, J.W. Dailey, K.H. Ko, and P.C. Jobe.
Culture of locus ceruleus (LC) and superior colliculus cells (SC): characterization of noradrenergic
(NA) system. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 23, No. 940.16, New Orleans, LA {1997}.
49.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Examination of the role of superior
colliculus in generalized tonic-clonic seizures and brainstem evoked forebrain seizures. SIU Alphha
Omega Alpha and Sigma Xi Symposia, Symposium Proceedings, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield,
IL {1997}.
50.
Eells, J.B., R.A. Browning and R.W. Clough. Characterization of a population of seizureinduced fos-like immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal pons. SIU Alphha Omega Alpha and Sigma Xi
Symposia, Symposium Proceedings, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, IL {1997}.
51.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Studies on the localization of the
anticonvulsant effect of serotonin in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 23, No. 940.13, New Orleans, LA {1997}.
52.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, T.M. Shaw, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Brainstem seizure
severity regulates forebraian seizure expression in the audiogenic kindling model. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 24, No 475.13 {1998}.
53.
Clough, R.W., S.R. Eaton, M.A. Merrill, R.A. Browning, K.R. Steidley, J.C. Milbrandt, P.K.
Mishra, P.C., Jobe and J.W. Dailey. Primary cell cultures of serotonin and norepinephrine neurons from
fetal genetically epilepsy-peone rats reveal different arborization capacity. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 24, No 455.11, Los Angeles, CA {1998}.
54.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, J.W. Dailey, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Localization of the
anticonvulsant effect of serotonin in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 25, No 643.13, Miami Beach, FL {1999}.
55.
Eaton, S.R., R.W. Clough, and P.C. Jobe. Nerve growth factors BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4 enhance
the number of fetal serotonin and noradrenergic neurons in primary cell culture. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 25, No 708.4, Miami Beach, FL {1999}.
56.
Merrill, M.A., R.W. Clough, J.W. Dailey, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. The effect of serotonin
in the deep layers of the superior colliculus and intercollicular nucleus on audiogenic seizures in the
genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 26, No. 376.6, New Orleans, LA
{2000}.
57.
Shea, S.L., R.W. Clough and W.R. Hamilton. Assessing clinical neurological exam skills in first
year medical students: a new card game. International Association of Medical Science Educators, 5 th
annual meeting, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN {2001}.
58.
Browning, R.A., T. Shaw, R.W. Clough, M.A. Merrill, P.C. Jobe. Evaluation of serotonergic
neuronal plasticity in developing genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPR). Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 27. No. 758.1, San Diego, CA {2001}.
59.
Arbogast, L.A., S.R. Eaton and R.W. Clough. Estradiol increases tyrosine hydroxylase activity
in fetal brainstem cells from Wistar-Kyoto, but not spontaneously hypertensive rats. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 27, No. 247.8. , San Diego, CA {2001}.
60.
Clough, R.W., S.L. Shea, W.R. Hamilton, J.A. Estavillo, G.Rupp, R.A. Browning and S. Lal.
Extreme Neuroscience: a fast-paced integrated medical curriculum of neuroscience, behavior, anatomy,
neuropharmacology, cell biology and basic clinical neurology. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol.
28, No. 22.20, Orlando, FL {2002}.
61.
Browning, R.A., Y. Wang, R.W. Clough, D.C. Smith. Brainstem infusion of carbacol triggers
facial and forelimb clonic convulsions that require forebrain participation. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 28, No. 796.60, Orlando, FL {2002}.
62.
Clough, Y. Wang, P.C. Jobe and R.A. Browning. Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)
increases seizure propensity in an auditory priming model of juvenile onset seizures in rats. Society for
Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 29, No. 303.13, New Orleans, LA {2003}.
63.
Roosevelt, R.W., R.A. Browning, R.A. Jensen, R.W. Clough, and D.C. Smith. Vagus nerve
stimulation (VNS) increases extracellular concentrations of norepinephrine in rat hippocampus and
cortex. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol 30, No. xxxx, San Diego, CA {2004}.
64.
Parks, E.A., B.R. Baldridge, S. Neese, R.W. Clough and D. Smith. Research on traumatic brain
injury and recovery of function. Kentucky Academy of Sciences Abstracts, Murry State Univ., Paduca,
KY {2004}.
65.
Clough, R.W, S.L. Neese, W.J. Banz, A.A. Modglin, C.Y. Meyers, Y. Hou, D.C. Smith. (±)-ZBisdehydrodoisynolic Acid (±Z-BDDA) Accelerates Recovery of Neurologic Function in Two Models
of Traumatic Brain Injury in Long Evans Rats. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental
Biology annual conference, FASEB Journal 19 (4): #488.12, p.p.A796, San Diego, CA {2005}.
66.
Banerjee, S., R. Roosevelt, D.C. Smith, R.W. Clough, R.A. Jensen and R.A. Browning. Effect of
vagus nerve stimulation on extracellular levels of amino acids in cortex and hippocampus of rats.
Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 31, No. Washington D.C. {Oct…2005}.
67.
Roosevelt, R., R.A. Browning, R.A. Jensen, R.W. Clough, and D.C. Smith. Vagus Nerve
Stimulation Increases Extracellular Concentrations of Serotonin and 5-HIAA in the Hippocampus but
not Cortex of the Rat. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 31, No. Washington D.C. {Oct…2005}.
68.
Neese, S.L., L. Sherrill, R.W. Clough, A.A. Modglin, , R.W. Roosevelt, R.A. Browning, R.A.
Jensen and D.C. Smith. Progressive brain edema following cortical contusion injury is reduced by vagus
nerve stimulation. J. Neurotrauma 22(10):1234, National Neurotrauma Society, Washington D.C.
{2005}.
69.
Neese, S.L., L. Sherrill, W.J. Banz, A.A. Modglin, C.Y. Meyers, Y. Hou, D.C. Smith and R.W.
Clough. Z-Bisdehydrodoisynolic acid enhances motor recovery following moderate fluid percussion
injury. J. Neurotrauma 22(10):1258, National Neurotrauma Society, Washington D.C. {2005}.
70.
Smith, D.C., S.L. Neese, A.A. Modglin, L.K. Sherrill, A. Duke, R.W. Roosevelt, R.A. Jensen,
R.A. Browning, R.W. Clough. Continuous, intermittent electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve
enhances cognitive and motor recovery following fluid percussion injury in the rat when initiated both 2
and 24 hrs post-injury. J. Neurotrauma 22(10):1258, National Neurotrauma Society, Washington D.C.
{2005}.
71.
Yan, X.X., S.L. Neese, D.C. Smith. K. Xiong and R.W. Clough. Traumatic Brain Injury and
Hippocampal Plasticity: Region-related Changes in Neurogenesis, Neuronal Lamination and Formation
of Ectopic Granule Cells. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual
conference, FASEB Journal Vol. 20(5), No. 570.1, San Francisco, CA {2006}.
72.
Clough, R.W., S.L. Neese, X.X. Yan, K. Xiong, W.J. Banz, A.A. Modglin, C.Y. Meyers, Y.
Hou, D.C. Smith. Traumatic Brain Injury and Hippocampal Plasticity: Enhanced recovery of Function
With (±) Z-Bisdehydrodoisynolic Acid [(±)-Z-BDDA] Parallels Increased Neurogenesis in Dentate
Gyrus. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual conference, FASEB Journal
Vol. 20(5), No. 570.2, San Francisco, CA {2006}.
73.
Struble, R.G., K. Xiong, R.W. Clough and X.X. Yan. Novel use-dependent modulation of an
Alzheimer enzyme in vivo: functional deprivation elevates BACE in rat olfactory bulb. XVIth
International Congress for Neuropathology, No. 84310, San Francisco, Sept. {2006}.
74.
Clough, R.W., S.L. Neese, L.K. Sherril, A.A. Tan, X.X. Yan, R.A. Browning, D.C. Smith.
GABA neuron loss in fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) may be spared in rats receiving vagus nerve
stimulation (VNS). J. Neurotrauma 22(10):1258, National Neurotrauma Society, St. Louis, MO {2006}.
75.
Tan, A.A., D.C. Smith, A. Duke, S.L. Neese, R.W. Roosevelt, R.A. Browning, R.W. Clough,
R.A. Jensen. Vagus nerve stimulation: a possible breakthrough in the non-pharmacologic treatment of
traumatic brain injury. J. Neurotrauma 22(10):1258, National Neurotrauma Society, St. Louis, MO
{2006}.
76.
Yan, X.X., K. Xiong, R.G. Struble, R.W. Clough. Novel use-dependant modulation of an
Alzheimer enzyme in rat olfactory bulb: functional deprivation elevates beta-secretase in a central
synapse. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 32. No. Atlanta, GA { 2006}.
77.
James, H.B. S.L. Neese, W.J. Banz, C.Y. Meyers, Y. Hou, A.A. Tan, D.C. Smith, R.W. Clough.
Enantiomers of Z-Bisdehydrodoisynolic Acid: Effects on Traumatic Brain Injury in Young Adult Male
Rats. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual conference, FASEB Journal
Vol. 21 (6) No. 622.9, Washington. D.C. {2007}.
78.
Xu, H., J-H. Yang and R.W. Clough. Cuprizone-induced brain pathologyical changes and
behavioral symptoms in mice: a new model for schizophrenia research. Society for Neuroscience
Abstracts Vol. 33, No. 100.84, San Diego, CA { 2007}
79.
Yan, X.X., Y. Chu, R.W. Clough, H. Cal, X.G. Luo, R.G. Struble, J.H. Kordower and K. Xiong.
Beta secretase (BACE1) expression in cerebral neocortex shows a columnar distribution and is inversely
correlated with endogenous neuronal activity. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 33, No. 885.6,
San Diego, CA { 2007}.
80.
Weng, Z., R. Struble, X. Kun, R. Clough, and X.X. Yan. Preliminary analyses of gammasecretase binding sites and density in human frontal cortex of Alzheimer's disease and control subjects.
10th International Hong Kong / Springfield
Symposium on Advances in Alzheimer Therapy, Abst. #24817, {2008}.
81.
Clough, R.W., K. Xiong, X-G Luo, P.R. Patrylo, R.G. Struble, X.X. Yan. Intrinsic neurogenesis
in the cerebral cortex continues in adult guinea pig cerebral cortex and gives rise to new GABAergic
neurons. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual conference, FASAB
Journal online, 2008, No. 974.4, San Diego, CA {2008}.
82.
Yan, X.X., K. Xiong, Y. Chu, P. R. Patrylo, D.-W. Luo, Y. Cai, X.-G. Luo, R.G. Struble, A.
Williamson, J.H. Kordower, R.W. Clough. Doublecortin-expressing cells in adult cat and primate
cerebral neocortex: laminar distribution, regional variability and evidence for ongoing differentiation
into GABAergic interneurons. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 34, No. 719.8, Washington D.C.,
{2008}.
83.
Xu, H., , H-J Yang and R.W. Clough : Modeling of schizophrenia in mice: implications for white
matter abnormalities in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. American Association of Anatomists,
Experimental Biology annual conference, FASAB Journal online 2009, No. 832.1 New Orleans, LA
{2009}.
84.
Clough, R.W., X-M Zhang, H. Cai, J. Ebersole, Y. Cai, R.G. Struble, P.R. Patrylo, X-X. Yan.
Beta secretase localization, amyloid deposition and aberrant synaptic and neuritic sprouting in
transgenic mouse Alzheimer models: a role for BACE1 in synaptic remodeling and plaque formation.
American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual meeting, FASAB Journal online
2009, No. 834.6, New Orleans, LA {2009}.
85.
Yan, X.X., X.M. Zhang, Y. Cai, H. Cai, K. Xiong, R.G. Struble, P.C. Wong, P.R. Patrylo and
R.W. Clough. Elevated BACE1 expression in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease is
associated with synaptic/axonal pathology and amyloidogenesis. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts
Vol. 35, No. 527.2, Chicago, IL {2009}.
86.
Zhang, X.M., Y.Cai, Y. Chu, E.Y. Chen, J.C. Feng, R.G. Struble, P.R. Patrylo, R.W. Clough,
J.H. Kordower and X.X. Yan. Doublecortin-expressing cells in aged monkey associative cerebral cortex
and amygdala: neuroblast-like morphology, putative GABAergic fate and disrupted intracortical
migration. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 35, No. 832.5, Chicago, IL {2009}.
87.
Yan, X.X., K. Xiong, Y. Cai, J.-F. Huang, Z.-Y. Liu, G.-M. Fu, P. R. Patrylo, R. W. Clough, X.G. Luo, C.-H. Hu. Layer I as a putative neurogenic niche in young adult guinea pig cerebrum. Society
for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 36, No. 29.5, San Diego, CA {2010}
88.
Cai, Y., K. Xiong, X.-M. Zhang, H.-B. Cai, Y.-P. Chu, J. H. Kordower, J.-C. Feng, R. G. Struble,
R. W. Clough, X.-G. Luo, P. R. Patrylo, X.-X. Yan. β-Secretase-1 elevation in aged monkey and
Alzheimer's disease human cerebral cortex: Relevance to vasculature, axon pathology and β-amyloid
accumulation. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts Vol. 36, No. 854.6, San Diego, CA {2010}.
89.
Clough, R.W., N.S. Viscomi, E.C. Niederhoffer and S.L. Shea. The Tutor Guide: a hidden gem
in tutor facilitated, case based, small group learning in a medical school. American Association of
Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual meeting, FASAB Journal online 2011, No. 494.3,
Washington D.C. {2011}.
90.
Viscomi, N.S. and R.W. Clough. Learning enhancement afforded by clinical anomalies in a
medical gross anatomy lab: vaginal prolapse as a case in-point. Teaching and Learning in Medicine
Symposium, Academy for Scholarship in Education, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, IL {2011}.
91.
Banz, W.J., J.E. Davis, J.L. Cheatwood , M.J. Iqbal and R.W. Clough. A flaxseed diet high in
SDG ameliorates the diabetic phenotype in the male Zucker diabetic rat. American Society of Nutrition,
Experimental Biology annual conference, FASAB Journal online 2011, Satellite conf., S4, New
Washington D.C. {2011}.
92.
Viscomi, N.S. and R.W. Clough. Hysterectomy with stage-4 vaginal prolapse in a medical gross
anatomy lab: a valuable learning enhancement provided by anomaly. American Association of
Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual conference, FASAB Journal online 2011, No. 494.11,
Washington D.C. {2011}.
93.
Viscomi, N.S., G. M. Rose, W.J. Banz and R.W. Clough. Maintenance of normal behavior after
mild concussive brain injury in mice: modeling human psychological health after concussion. American
Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual conference, FASAB Journal online 2011, No.
677.9, Washington D.C. {2011}.
94.
Thompson, K.M., N.S. Viscomi and R.W. Clough. Long term consequences of Single and
Multiple Exposure to Concussive Brain Injury in mice predisposed to Alzheimer Disease pathology.
Annual Combined research symposium, SIU School of Medicine, {2011}
95.
Viscomi, N.S., R.W. Clough, L. Arbogast, W.J. Banz, Y. Hou and C. Meyers. ZBisdehydrodoisynolic Acid (Z-BDDA), a putative estrogenic seco-steroid, induces profound lordosis
behavior in ovariectomized female rats. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology
annual conference, No. 921.10 FASAB Journal online {2012}, San Diego, CA {2012}.
96.
Clough, R.W., N.S. Viscomi, K.M. Thompson, G.M. Rose. Hyperactivity and Altered Social
Attention Following Concussion in Triple Transgenic Mice Predisposed to Alzheimer-like
Neuropathology. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental Biology annual conference,
FASAB Journal online 2012, No.921.8, San Diego, CA {2012}.
97.
Viscomi, N.S. S. Supernaught, B. Jones, R. Combs and R.W. Clough. Specialized Anatomy
electives for fourth year medical students in preparation for residency subspecialties: Plastic Surgery,
Orthopeadics, and Obstetrics & Gynecology. American Association of Anatomists, Experimental
Biology annual conference, FASAB Journal online 2013, No.,xxx, Boston, MA {2013}.
Funding History (Partial listing):
Illinois Department of Public Health, Alzheimer's Disease Research Fund, "BACE elevation and
amyloidogeneisi in Tg2576 mouse olfactory system. Co-Investigator, 05% effort (P.I., X.X. Yan),
$60,000 TDC, 2 year request 2007-2009.
PHS-NIH R01 NS41551-01, “Recovery of Function and Vagus Nerve Stimulation”, Co-investigator,
10% effort, (P.I., D.C. Smith) $1,259,258, 5-year 2002-2007.
Central Research Committee (CRC). “Facilitated Recovery from traumatic brain injury: ZBisdehydrodoisynolic acid”, Principal-Investigator, 25% effort, $30,000, 2-year award 2005-2007
SIU Research Initiative: Program Project: Mechanisms of seizure susceptibility. Project #4,
Neuroanatomical abnormalities in the GEPR brain, Principal Investigator: R.W. Clough, 25% effort,
$33,000., 1992-1998.
Epilepsy Foundation of America (EFA), "Neurotransplantation in Genetically Epilepsy Prone Rats."
Principal Investigator: R.W. Clough, 15% effort, $24,800 (total 2 year award) 1989-1992.
PHS-NIH R-29 HD-24426, "Puberty and the Neural Control of LHRH." Principal Investigator: R.W.
Clough, 60% effort, $423,197 (total 6 year award) 1987-1993.
PHS-NIH, Basic Science Research Grant (BSRG), "Fluorescence Microscopy of neuropeptides",
Principal Investigator: R.W. Clough, $6,368 (1 year award) 1992.
PHS-NIMH 1 F32-09136, (postdoctoral fellowship) "CNS correlates of sexual maturation", Principal
Investigator: R.W. Clough, 100% effort, $45,000 (total award), 1985-1987.