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1 SEMESTER FINAL STUDY GUIDE
Integrated Science 1
Below is a list of concepts you should be prepared to explain on the exam. You will also be given the following
equations & constants so there is no need to memorize them.
Equations:
v=f
v=d/t
v = at
parsecs = 1 / arcsecs
a = ∆v / t
2
d = 1/2 a t
weight = m a
E=hf
F=ma
2
F = (G m1 m2) / d
D = m/v
Constants and conversions:
5
c = 3.0 x 10 km/s
2
g ~ 9.8 m/s
–11
2
2
G = 6.67 x 10
N m /kg
6
1 AU = 150 x 10 km
1 pc = 3.26 LY
12
1 LY = 9.46 x 10 km
-34
h = 6.6 x 10 Js
Unit 1: Evolution of Thought
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Be able to identify Ad Hoc Hypothesis, Selective Thinking and Test of Falsifiability.
Understand the nature of science: What is and what is not science.
Explain why science has limits.
Explain how science can be correct and still be tentative.
Distinguish between fact, hypothesis and theory.
Identify independent variables and dependent variables.
Explain constants and controls.
Design and evaluate a science experiment.
Explain the concept of measuring.
Understand how to measure with appropriate number of significant figures.
Calculate with sig. figs.
Use dimensional analysis to convert units in the metric system.
Be able to use scientific notation in calculations.
Unit 2: Cosmic Evolution
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Be able to determine the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom using the periodic table
Understand how isotopes differ from each other and determine how many protons and neutrons are in specific
isotopes
Be able to read atomic symbols and name isotopes if given the atomic mass
Explain how light/energy is emitted or absorbed by atoms
Explain the properties of light as a wave
o distinguish between emit, absorb, reflect, refract
Explain waves
o calculate frequency, speed, wavelength
Draw the Electromagnetic spectrum
o describe the frequency and wavelength relationship
o What is the speed of all of visible light? X-rays? Radio waves?
Understand the distances between objects in the solar system
o calculate speed, distance and time
o describe and use a light year in equations
o Use the speed of light in an equation
o Identify the closest star to us
Determine speed, velocity and acceleration.
Determine velocity, acceleration and distance for free falling bodies.
Explain Newton’s three laws of motion.
Explain gravity and be able to complete calculations using the universal gravitational constant.
Distinguish between mass and weight
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1 SEMESTER FINAL STUDY GUIDE
Integrated Science 1
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Describe the relationships between variables-(direct and inverse)
Understand the organization of cosmic objects
o universe, galaxy, star, solar system, planets
Explain parallax as a way of finding distance.
o use parallax angle in arc secs to find the distance in parsecs
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understand what needs to be done to decrease the amount of error when using the parallax method
Explain the sequence of events in the Big Bang Theory
o Explain how the Big Bang theory can be true and still not be considered “fact”.
o Identify lines of evidence for the Big Bang.
o Explain Hubble’s law
o Explain the Doppler Effect in terms of waves.
o Explain how Doppler shift applies to astronomy.
o Be able to read spectral lines to identify the relative distances of galaxies.
o Describe the use of stellar spectral lines in astronomy.
Be able to read an HR diagram & identify the general location of the types of stars
Unit 3: Planetary Evolution
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Define density as the mass of an object divided by its volume.
o Calculate the density, mass or volume of a substance or object, such as a planet.
Understand that differentiation of the materials from which the Earth formed resulted in the layers observed in its
internal structure.
Define radioactive decay as the breakdown of a large unstable atom (nuclear fission) into a smaller one, with the
emission of particles and the production of heat.
Identify half-life as the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to radioactively decay to smaller atoms.
o Calculate the age of rocks using the rate of decay of atoms.
o Identify the daughter element given parent element and type of decay using nuclear equations similar to
those in the POGIL.
Possible Essay Questions
1. The radioactive decay of some elements can be used to date rocks. Briefly describe (a) what happens in radioactive
decay, (b) the rate of decay, and (c) how radioactive decay can be used to determine the age of a rock or fossil.
2. Science is described as being closed minded by some individuals. Using detailed examples from this class explain
how science is “subject to change” (or open minded to new ideas). Also describe why these individuals would make
the claim that science is close minded.
3. Compare and contrast the different types of radioactivity.