ssahtech22c09naAS_s.fm Page 758 Saturday, September 22, 2007 12:37 PM
Chapter 22
Review and Assessment
Key Terms
1. Anarchists would be against the United
States government because they oppose
any organized form of government.
2. Americans began to fear that many
immigrants were communists and
spies, leading to a period of suspicion
and violence called the Red Scare.
3. They wanted to reduce alcohol use in
the United States.
4. During the 1920s, bootleggers made a
living by smuggling liquor into the
United States from Canada and the Caribbean.
5. An investor would not want to purchase stocks on margin when the price
of a stock was going down.
Comprehension and Critical
Thinking
6. (a) Harding was a firm supporter of
business and appointed people to office
who shared his views. Some of the
people he appointed, however, were
corrupt and dragged down his administration in scandal. Coolidge was
known for his honesty and integrity. He
restored public trust in government by
cooperating with the investigations into
the Harding White House. (b) Answers
will vary. Students may say that
Coolidge made the better presidential
candidate because economic times were
good during his administration and
because he cleaned up the scandals of
the Harding administration. Harding
would have made a weaker candidate
because he would have had to answer
for the scandals during his administration.
7. (a) When a nation follows an isolationist foreign policy, it tends to withdraw
from world affairs and deal mostly with
domestic affairs. (b) Answers will vary.
Students who say that the United States
had an isolationist foreign policy may
point out that the United States did not
join the League of Nations and played a
lesser role in world affairs than other
major nations. Students who say that
the United States did not have an isolationist policy may point out that the
United States participated in international conferences that promoted peace
and disarmament. It also interfered in
the affairs of smaller countries when
758 Chapter 22
CHAPTER
22 Review and Assessment
Key Terms
Answer the following questions in complete
sentences that show your understanding of the
key terms.
1. Why would anarchists oppose the U.S.
government?
2. How did communism abroad affect immigrants in the United States?
3. Why did many in the United States support
prohibition?
4. How did bootleggers make a living during the
1920s?
5. When would an investor not want to purchase
stocks by buying on margin?
Comprehension and Critical Thinking
6. (a) Compare Compare the presidencies of
William Harding and Calvin Coolidge.
(b) Make Predictions Who would have made
a stronger presidential candidate for the
Republicans in the 1924 election, Harding or
Coolidge? Why?
7. (a) Describe What is an isolationist foreign
policy?
(b) Evaluate Information In your opinion,
describe whether the United States did or did
not have an isolationist foreign policy during
the 1920s.
8. (a) Recall What action did the U.S. government
take against immigrants and foreigners in the
1920s?
(b) Summarize Why did the government take
those actions against immigrants and foreigners?
(c) Draw Conclusions What point of view is
represented by the artist who painted the picture of Sacco and Vanzetti shown on this page?
9. (a) Identify How did businesses make it easy
for people to spend more money during the
1920s?
(b) Explain Problems How did that “easy
money” threaten the security of the economy?
History Reading Skill
10. Clarify Understanding Choose one major portion of text from this chapter. Summarize that
text, including its main ideas and essential
details. Paraphrase to put the ideas into your
own words.
Writing
11. Write two paragraphs about one of the following topics:
• The problems that might arise from an economy built on credit
• The image of women during the 1920s
Your paragraphs should:
• include an introduction and a thesis
statement;
• use facts and examples to develop your ideas;
• end with a sentence that draws a conclusion
about your topic.
When you are finished, exchange papers with
another student. Correct errors. Make sure the
ideas flow logically.
12. Write a Magazine Ad:
You are a writer for a magazine. The year is
1920. Your assignment is to write the text for
an ad for one of the new consumer products
(such as a refrigerator or a mah-jongg set).
Skills for Life
Interpret Economic Data
Use the graphs on the Skills for Life, “Interpret
Economic Data,” page to answer the following
questions.
13. What happened to personal income between
the years 1921 and 1922?
14. Did the average income for farmers follow a
similar trend during the years 1921–1922?
15. Which group of Americans had more changes in
their incomes during the 1920s? Why do you
think this happened?
758 Chapter 22 The Roaring Twenties
the intervention protected American
interests.
8. (a) The United States limited the number
of immigrants admitted from Eastern
and Southern Europe and prohibited
immigration from Asia. It deported
many foreigners. (b) Many Americans
were worried that the culture of the United States was being overwhelmed by
immigrants, and that immigrants would
compete for their jobs. (c) Possible
answer: The artist felt that Sacco and
Vanzetti were innocent. In the painting,
Sacco and Vanzettti are portrayed as
non-threatening.
9. (a) Businesses encouraged the public to
spend more by making installment buying, or buying on credit, easier and
attractive. (b) If the economy soured and
people lost their jobs, they would not be
able to pay off their debts incurred by
buying on credit. That could pull down
the economy.
ssahtech22c09naAS_s.fm Page 759 Saturday, September 22, 2007 12:37 PM
Chapter 22
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Review and Assessment
Test Yourself
1. C
1. Which term best describes what “Teapot Dome”
meant to the Harding administration?
3. How did magazines, radio, and movies help
shape new values during the 1920s?
A boon
A by reminding consumers to save money
B success
B by encouraging consumers to move to the city
C scandal
C by popularizing the latest products for living
the good life
D annoyance
D by encouraging consumers to borrow money
2. How does jazz reflect the spirit of the 1920s?
A Most of the music had a tender, quiet quality.
B The music was based on folk melodies.
C The music was energetic and expressive.
D The music encouraged musicians to play old
ballads.
Task: Look at Documents 1 and 2, and answer their
accompanying questions. Then, use the documents
and your knowledge of history to complete the
following writing assignment:
Use the evidence given here to discuss
immigration during the early twentieth
century. In your essay, explain whether
or not you think that people’s views
have changed since the early 1900s.
Document 2: In 1905, Commissioner General of
Immigration Francis Sargent made the comments
quoted below. In 1921 and again in 1924, Congress
enacted laws that limited the number of immigrants
allowed to enter from certain nations. These laws
remained in effect until 1965. What do you think
Sargent meant by saying the nation would suffer
from indigestion?
Number of Immigrants (in thousands)
Document 1:
What years showed the greatest increase in immigrants to the United States? The greatest decrease?
Immigrants Admitted Into
the United States, 1900–1930
1,250
1,000
750
“Put me down in the beginning as being fairly and
unalterably opposed to what has been called the
open door, for the time has come when every
American citizen who is ambitious for the national
future must regard with grave misgiving the mighty
tide of immigration that, unless something is done,
will soon poison or at least pollute the very fountainhead of American life and progress. Big as we
are and blessed with an iron constitution, we cannot
safely swallow such an endless-course dinner, so to
say, without getting indigestion and perhaps
national appendicitis.”
—Francis Sargent, “Are We Facing an Immigration
Peril?” New York Times, January 29, 1905
2. C
3. C
Document-Based Questions
Answers
Document 1 The greatest increase in
immigrants took place between 1900 and
1905. The greatest decrease occurred
between 1910 and 1915.
Document 2 that the nation could not
handle the influx of new immigrants long
term
Rubric: Write an Essay
Share the rubric with students before they
begin writing.
Score 1 Ideas unclear, organization poor.
Score 2 Essay has few details about immigration in the early twentieth century, fails
to explain whether or not people’s views
have changed.
Score 3 Essay accurately explains whether
or not people’s views have changed, has
clear organization, and some details about
immigration in the early twentieth century.
Possible details: immigration laws, the Red
Scare, deportation
Score 4 Essay is comprehensive and
detailed with clear organization and supporting details, shows creativity.
500
250
0
1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 1925 1930
Year
Source: Yearbook of Immigration Statistics, 2003
Chapter Review and Assessment 759
History Reading Skill
10. Answers will vary, but should demonstrate an ability to summarize and paraphrase as well as show an understanding of the key points of the text.
Writing
11. Students’ paragraphs should address
one of the two topics. An introduction
and a thesis statement should open the
paragraphs and there should be supporting facts and examples. Paragraphs
should end with a conclusion sentence.
12.Text should properly advertise the chosen
consumer product.
For complete four-point rubrics, see the writing rubrics in the Teaching Resources.
Teaching Resources, Unit 7, p. 100
15. Farmers saw more ups and downs, while
others saw more of a steady rise because
farmers were struggling with high debt,
overproduction, and low foreign
demand.
Skills for Life
13. It stabilized at around 62 billion dollars.
14. Farmers’ incomes rose slightly between
1921 and 1922.
Chapter 22 759