C e n t r i f u g e Te c h n o l o g y
Centrifuge Technology Solutions
Scraper Centrifuges
2
Expertise in high-performance products
Moving with the times
Customer-oriented service
Lasting advantages
Ferrum designs state-of-the-art scraper
Our design, sales and service teams re-
Ferrum guarantees comprehensive
centrifuges which have proven their
main at our customers’ disposal around
service, from the first construction plan
unrivalled efficiency and long-term bene-
the clock. This means that our customers
to preventive maintenance. In addition,
fits in applications the world over. For
have complete access to our know-how
we optimise costs in conjunction with our
decades, products from the chemical,
of more than 9000 applications on over
customers over the entire usage cycle
pharmaceutical, agroindustry and food
6000 machines in use worldwide.
(Total Cost of Ownership: TCO). This task
industries fields have been separated and
goes beyond purely technical approaches,
washed using our centrifuges. Ferrum
because Ferrum evaluates the customer-
has always focused exclusively on the
specific needs during long-term use and
latest technologies – and our customers
in so doing considers the requirements of
reap the benefits.
the overall system. Specific solutions are
thus developed with the lowest residual
moisture, high solid yields, high washing
efficiency, low crystal breakage, low
maintenance costs and minimal hidden
costs – in short, cost-effective facilities
throughout the entire usage cycle.
Top performance for decades:
1935
1983
1958
1945
1970
2000
1996
today
Operating mode: exemplary efficiency
A principle with diverse automation options
The right machine for every
application
The different models of scraper cen-
Ferrum offers scraper centrifuges in
tion. In batch production processes,
trifuges all function according to
many different versions, corresponding
automated process cycles take on a high
the same principle. The solid-liquid sepa-
to the specific spatial conditions and
degree of importance. Here it pays
ration is performed in a sequence of
field of use. Selecting the right cen-
dividends to integrate Ferrum technolo-
specific procedural steps – the working
trifuge for your requirements is the prin-
gies uncompromisingly, since perfectly
method is therefore discontinuous.
cipal determining factor for optimal
coordinated interfaces in the fields of
Nevertheless, the processes can be 100%
work methodology. Together with our
fluidics, solids handling, micro-sensor
automated.
customers, our sales and process engi-
technology and software contribute di-
neers evaluate whether an easy-to-access
rectly to reducing the total process costs.
horizontal scraper centrifuge is appropri-
Our engineers therefore design the
ate, or if a top discharge or bottom
overall system jointly with our customers
discharge vertical scraper centrifuge is a
– from the inquiry of the project to the
better match for the process require-
maintenance of the equipment. In this
ments.
way, the total cost of ownership (TCO) is
Additional parameters are selected
significantly reduced.
of cleaning, integrated options such as
clean room, acid resistance or inertisation with nitrogen for explosion protec-
depending on the process, since the centrifuge versions differ in the materials
used, e.g. stainless steel, Halar-coated or
Hastelloy. Furthermore, the products to
be processed and the field of application
result in different requirements in terms
Production steps involved in solid-liquid separation in a horizontal scraper centrifuge
Filling
Intermediate
centrifugation
100%
50%
0%
Revolutions in percent (of the max. rotor speed)
Washing
Drycentrifugation
Scraping
Residual heel
removal
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Operating mode: exemplary efficiency
Production steps involved in solid-fluid separation in a vertical scraper centrifuge
Filling
Intermediate
centrifugation
Washing
Basket speed of centrifuge
Drycentrifugation
Scraping
Residual heel
removal
Rotor speed of inclined filling disc
These production steps for solid-liquid
corporated, especially after a product
the automation and the cleaning can be
separation can now be repeated
change. For operational safety,
performed 100% automatically, de-
manually or automatically. To guarantee
inertisation with nitrogen is included,
pending on the control option selected.
product quality, a CIP cleaning is in-
according to the application. Both
Inertisation
Organic solvents are frequently used. To
depending on the machine size. During
range (e.g. 4–10 mbar). If the pressure
be able to control the resulting vapour
the basic inertisation, nitrogen flows
falls below 4 mbar, then the machine is
mixtures, which pose an explosion risk,
through the centrifuge at a constant
resupplied with nitrogen, until it again
the machine is purged with nitrogen
rate, and the excess pressure is released
reaches a pressure of 10 mbar.
prior to startup. Once this has been done,
via a mechanical relief valve which is set
For an installation with oxygen measure-
the centrifuge remains in a nitrogen
at around 20 mbar. On initial startup of
ment, the O2 content of the exhaust
atmosphere and, with the right operat-
the centrifuge, the oxygen content of
airstream is constantly measured, and in
ing technique, can be run for as long
the exhaust airstream is determined with
the event of excess oxygen of e.g. 6%,
as desired. Small nitrogen leaks are de-
a portable measuring device and the
nitrogen is added until the oxygen
tected and compensated for by means of
time taken to reach the desired maxi-
content has fallen back to 4% again.
suitable monitoring (pressure and/or
mum permitted value thus determined.
oxygen measurement).
With excess pressure inertisation, the
The time required for the initial inertisa-
pressure inside the machine is subse-
tion is approximately 5 – 20 minutes,
quently kept constant within a specific
Operating mode: exemplary efficiency
25
2.5
20
2.0
15
1.5
10
1.0
5
0.5
0
0
100
Pressure
200
300
400
500
Time(s)
Oxygen content
600
700
800
900
Nitrogen flow (m3/h)
Pressure (mbar)
Oxygen (Vol %)
Typical inertisation behaviour for a scraper centrifuge
0.5
1000
Nitrogen flow
Cleaning (CIP)
In the event of a product change, or
when different product batches must not
be cross contaminated, the centrifuge
must be cleaned. With cleaning nozzles
and an appropriate operating technique
(in consideration of the flow within the
machine) and with the use of optimal
cleaning agents, the machine, its internals and the filter cloth are cleaned.
Here, the procedure and cleaning agents
for the respective products must be
specifically selected. A riboflavin test
performed by Ferrum ensures that the
cleaning nozzles are arranged so that
the entire surface contacting the product
is wetted by the cleaning agent. The
duration of cleaning varies according
to the cleanliness requirements and the
solubility behaviour of the impurities.
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Decisive advantages
VBC – Vertical bottom discharge
scraper centrifuges for low process
costs
Due to the design, inclined filling disc,
applications, vertical scraper centrifuges
ease of cleaning, modularity and ideal
can be equipped with circulating oil
up-grade capability, this centrifuge
lubrication. Or in the pharmaceuticals
optimally meets customer needs. The
industry, the model with membrane
With the latest vertical scraper cen-
pragmatic innovations reduce the cost of
connection to the building together with
trifuges, with bottom discharge (VBCs),
installation and maintenance and open
a pneumatic drive for the cover and
process costs can be reduced significantly.
up selective application options. For
scraper units offers the best results for
demanding continuous use in chemical
use in a clean room.
• Modularity and up-grade capability reduce the total cost of
ownership (TCO) by up to 15 %.
• Optional oil lubrication of the bearings support demanding
continuous use.
• Pneumatic drive for cover and scraper units prevents hydraulic
oil in the clean room.
• Inclined filling disc enables extremely even filling of the
machine.
• Automatic CIP system (Cleaning in Place) can be integrated.
• The residual heel can be removed very efficiently and carefully with nozzles (Resomat) and the automatically adjustable
scraper unit.
HSZ-PH – Horizontal scraper
centrifuges for optimal systems in
pharmaceutical production
These centrifuges offer automatic filling
ful discharge of the various products.
control, exceptionally economical inerti-
The impurities in the filter cake can be
sation, highly efficient removal of the
removed by washing the cake with
residual heel with nozzles in three rows,
different media from water to solvents.
Horizontal scraper centrifuges HSZ-PH
depending on the process with programs
The square-shaped interior of the
are especially designed for flexible appli-
for the scraper speed. In this way, the
machine improves the washing-machine
cations in pharmaceutical production.
centrifuges permit the particularly care-
effect when cleaning with flooding.
• Easy inspection without disassembly thanks to laterally
mounted side doors.
• Automatic CIP cleaning (Cleaning in Place) together with
flooding, with high turbulence in the square-shaped housing.
• Three rows of nozzles (Resomat) thoroughly and carefully
remove the residual heel by lifting the filter cloth.
• “Through-the-wall” or free-standing designs.
• Compact construction for easiest installation in existing
facilities.
Centrifuge technology
HPZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges
with swivel housing and innovative front door for easy inspection
in pharmaceutical production
Horizontal scraper centrifuges HPZ are
swivelled aside. In addition, the most re-
wide. The major functional elements are
cent model makes it easy to inspect
easy to access at all times. Thus, if opera-
internals such as the filling pipe, scraper
tion is interrupted, the filled centrifuge
unit, discharge chute, CIP nozzles and
can be inspected without having to open
micro-sensors, thanks to the front-side
the entire housing.
inspection door which can be opened
designed for easy inspection of the basket.
The entire housing can be opened and
• Cleaning according to the latest GMP guidelines.
• Smallest possible process space with the largest possible basket
volume minimises the amount of cleaning solution required.
• Efficient inspection of instruments and functional parts even
when the centrifuge is full, thanks to innovative front door.
• Convenient inspection of the basket thanks to swivelling
housing.
HCZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges
for continuous use in the chemical
and fine chemical industries
for uncompromising functionality. Its
to the process concerned – even during
planning involved combining features of
upgrading after startup.
the rugged predecessor models with
state-of-the-art automation technology.
The new HCZ generation of horizontal
The modular construction of the
scraper centrifuges has been designed
centrifuge enables efficient adaptation
• High availability thanks to online measurement and adjustment of the scraper settings, with high stability factor.
• Optimal adjustment to the entire production process thanks
to modular technology.
• High throughput, with minimal residual moisture thanks to
optimally adjustable basket speed settings.
• Highly efficient separation thanks to basket with backwashing.
VTC – Vertical centrifuge with top
discharge for optimal use in smallscale production in the fine
chemical industry, pharmaceutical
or biotech facilities.
adaptation to small-scale production
needs. Although the centrifuge is
discharged from the top, a high degree
of automation can be implemented
with a closed CIP cleaning circuit.
Where this is not required, this
The latest vertical top discharge scraper
centrifuge can be cost-specificall opti-
centrifuge (VTC) is superbly suited to
mised.
• Manual or automatic top discharge possible
• Suitable for integration in clean rooms
• Pneumatic drive for cover opening prevents hydraulic oil in the clean room
• Efficient inspection of the product area possible
• Suitable for the production of highly efficacious pharmaceutical products
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Technical specifications
VTC
Vertical top discharge centrifuge
• Suspension on base plate with dampers
• Motor can be top- or bottom-mounted
• For pilot plants and laboratory operation
• Automatic or manual discharge
Type
Drum
Diameter
Height
Opening
Filter surface
Useful volume
Max. permitted load
Performance
Max. rotor speed
Centrifugal acceleration
Max. unbalance at rpm
Drive power
External dimensions (HxWxD)
Weight
VTC 400
VTC 630
VTC 800
400 mm
200 mm
280 mm
0,251 m2
12,8 l
16,0 kg
630 mm
320 mm
440 mm
0,633 m2
51,1 l
63,9 kg
800 mm
400 mm
560 mm
1,005 m2
102,5 l
128,2 kg
2700 rpm
1630
0,6 kg / 1800
2,2 kW
1,6 x 1,2 x 0,7 m
300 kg
1900 rpm
1271
2 kg/ 1200
4 kW
1,5 x 1,4 x 1,0 m
650 kg
1500 rpm
1006 g
3 kg / 1000
5,5 kW
1,8 x 1,6 x 1,2 m
1050 kg
Additional data available on request
VBC
Vertical bottom discharge scraper
centrifuge, modular and up-gradeable
• Optional oil lubrication
• Optional version with “through-theceiling/floor” construction
• Optional drive for cover and scraper
apparatus with pneumatic motors
(free of hydraulic oil)
• Motor can be top- or bottom-mounted
Type
Drum
Diameter
Height
Opening
Filter surface
Useful volume
Max. permitted load
Performance
Max. rotor speed
Centrifugal acceleration
Max. unbalance at rpm
Drive power
External dimensions (HxWxD)
Weight
VBC 1000
VBC 1250/630
VBC 1250/800
VBC 1600/800
VBC 1600/1000
1000 mm
500 mm
700 mm
1,57 m2
200 l
250 kg
1250 mm
630 mm
875 mm
2,47 m2
394 l
493 kg
1250 mm
800 mm
875 mm
3,14 m2
500 l
626 kg
1600 mm
800 mm
1120 mm
4,02 m2
820 l
1025 kg
1600 mm
1000 mm
1120 mm
5,03 m2
1025 l
1281 kg
1200 rpm
805 g
4 kg / 800
15 kW
1,9 x 2,0 x 1,5 m
2300 kg
950 rpm
631 g
6 kg / 750
18,5 kW
2,2 x 2,3 x 1,9 m
3800 kg
950 rpm
631 g
6 kg / 750
18,5 kW
2,4 x 2,3 x 1,9 m
3900 kg
750 rpm
503 g
10 kg / 700
37 kW
2,9 x 3,0 x 2,2 m
5800 kg
750 rpm
503 g
10 kg / 700
55 kW
3,1 x 3,0 x 2,2 m
6500 kg
Technical specifications
HSZ-PH
Horizontal scraper centrifuge, with freestanding construction for integration in
existing facilities
• Easy inspection without disassembly
thanks to laterally mounted side doors
and front door
• Particularly thorough cleaning thanks
to turbulence during flooding of the
square shape housing (GMP)
• The most compact centrifuge technology solution
Type
Drum
Diameter
Height
Opening
Filter surface
Useful volume
Max. permitted load
Performance
Max. rotor speed
Centrifugal acceleration
Max. unbalance at rpm
Drive power
External dimensions (HxWxD)
Weight
HSZ-PH 630
HSZ-PH 800
HSZ-PH 1000
HSZ-PH 1250
630 mm
320 mm
485 mm
0,63 m2
41 l
51 kg
800 mm
400 mm
620 mm
1,01 m2
80 l
100 kg
1000 mm
500 mm
750 mm
1,57 m2
172 l
215 kg
1250 mm
600 mm
950 mm
2,36 m2
311 l
389 kg
2400 rpm
2028 g
2 kg / 1500
11 kW
2 x 1,6 x 2,2 m
4300 kg
1900 rpm
1614 g
4 kg / 1200
18,5 kW
1,9 x 1,9 x 2,3 m
6000 kg
1500 rpm
1258 g
4 kg / 1100
30 kW
2,2 x 2,2 x 2,9 m
7600 kg
1200 rpm
1006 g
6 kg / 800
37 kW
2,5 x 2,2 x 2,8 m
12 800 kg
HSZ-PHW 630
HSZ-PHW 800
HSZ-PHW 1000
HSZ-PHW 1250
630 mm
320 mm
485 mm
0,63 m2
41 l
51 kg
800 mm
400 mm
620 mm
1,01 m2
80 l
100 kg
1000 mm
500 mm
750 mm
1,57 m2
172 l
215 kg
1250 mm
600 mm
950 mm
2,36 m2
311 l
389 kg
2400 rpm
2028 g
2 kg / 1500
11 kW
1,7 x 1,3 x 2,3 m
5600 kg
1900 rpm
1614 g
4 kg / 1200
18,5 kW
1,7 x 1,5 x 2,5 m
7200 kg
1500 rpm
1258 g
4 kg / 1100
30 kW
2,2 x 1,8 x 3,1 m
10 000 kg
1200 rpm
1006 g
6 kg / 800
37 kW
2,55 x 2,0 x 3,7 m
13 400 kg
HSZ-PHW
Horizontal scraper centrifuge, version
with “through-the-wall” construction
• Easy inspection without disassembly
thanks to laterally mounted side doors
and front door
• Particularly thorough cleaning thanks
to turbulence during flooding of the
square-shaped housing (GMP)
• Particularly well-suited as a flexible
add-on to container discharge stations
Type
Drum
Diameter
Height
Opening
Filter surface
Useful volume
Max. permitted load
Performance
Max. rotor speed
Centrifugal acceleration
Max. unbalance at rpm
Drive power
External dimensions (HxWxD)
Weight
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Technical specifications
HPZ
Horizontal scraper centrifuge with swivel
housing and optionally available front door
• Efficient inspection of instruments and functional parts thanks to innovative front door
• Convenient inspection of the basket thanks to
swivel open housing
• Cleaning according to the latest GMP guidelines
• Optional version as free-standing or
“through-the-wall” construction
• Particularly well-suited as a flexible add-on to
container discharge stations
Type
Drum
Diameter
Height
Opening
Filter surface
Useful volume
Max. permitted load
Performance
Typical rotor speed
Centrifugal acceleration
Max. unbalance at rpm
Drive power
External dimensions (HxWxD)
Mass with sep. swing plate
HPZ 630
HPZ 800
HPZ 1000
HPZ 1250
630 mm
320 mm
485 mm
0,63 m2
41 l
51 kg
800 mm
400 mm
620 mm
1,01 m2
80 l
100 kg
1000 mm
500 mm
750 mm
1,57 m2
172 l
215 kg
1250 mm
600 mm
950 mm
2,36 m2
311 l
389 kg
2400 rpm
2028 g
2 kg / 1500
7,5 kW
1,65 x 1,45 x 2,0 m
6150 kg
1900 rpm
1614 g
4 kg / 1200
15 kW
1,8 x 1,7 x 2,3 m
7300 kg
1500 rpm
1258 g
4 kg / 1100
22 kW
2,4 x 1,9 x 2,9 m
9000 kg
1200 rpm
1006 g
6 kg / 800
30 kW
2,35 x 2,3 x 3,2 m
13 100 kg
HCZ 1000
HCZ 1250/630
HCZ 1250/800
HCZ 1600/800
HCZ 1600/1000
1000 mm
500 mm
750 mm
1,57 m2
172 l
215 kg
1250 mm
630 mm
950 mm
2,47 m2
326 l
408 kg
1250 mm
800 mm
950 mm
3,14 m2
414 l
518 kg
1600 mm
800 mm
1210 mm
4,02 m2
688 l
860 kg
1600 mm
1000 mm
1210 mm
5,03 m2
860 l
1075 kg
1500 rpm
1258 g
4 kg / 1100
37 kW
2,0 x 1,8 x 2,4 m
6200 kg
1200 rpm
1006 g
6 kg / 800
55 kW
2,3 x 2,2 x 2,9 m
13 000 kg
1200 rpm
1006 g
6 kg / 800
55 kW
2,3 x 2,2 x 3,4 m
13 450 kg
950 rpm
807 g
8 kg / 750
75 kW
2,9 x 2,8 x 3,7 m
23 650 kg
950 rpm
807 g
8 kg / 750
75 kW
2,9 x 2,8 x 4,3 m
24 650 kg
HCZ
Horizontal scraper centrifuge for high throughput and separation performance.
• Modular mechanical and control technology
• Highly efficient separation thanks to
backwashing basket
• High throughput performance thanks to
online measurement and adjustment of the
scraper and filling settings
Type
Drum
Diameter
Height
Opening
Filter surface
Useful volume
Max. permitted load
Performance
Max. rotor speed
Centrifugal acceleration
Max. unbalance at rpm
Drive power
External dimensions (HxWxD)
Mass with sep. swing plate
Automation of centrifuge technology
Efficient processes
The automation of centrifuges assumes a
central role at Ferrum (Automation
Centrifuge Technology: ACT). In this way,
we aim to design solutions which can be
integrated into existing systems, efficiently perform solid-liquid separations
and therefore also reduce the total cost
of ownership (TCO). This is why Ferrum
offers its customers a wide range of
modern automation instruments. Field
bus technology, control system communication, cost optimisation with decentralised I/O systems, stand-alone safety-
The interplay of mechanical components, pneumatics, electronics
relevant control loops – at Ferrum,
and software is controlled from here.
high-quality hardware components are
standard equipment. In addition, we
develop state-of-the-art software
modules, and the systems automated in
this way are controlled via user-friendly
control panels. A classic example of customised automation is the scraper device
for horizontal and vertical scraper centrifuges. All of the motional sequences
and forces acting are adjustable by
means of micro-sensors. This results in
precisely controllable, careful and unobstructed product discharge without equal
among scraper centrifuges. In addition,
precise alignment must be achieved for
the removal of the residual heel. With
Resomat and Blosomat, the residual heel
The graphical user interface makes the entire process scenario in
removal can be purposefully automated
the system straightforward and transparent to use.
and synchronised – which is how outstanding results are achieved.
Flexible automation concept
Automation encompasses many
different fields
Ferrum’s flexible automation concept
permits the efficient handling of the
• Standardisation of automation concepts
diverse spectrum of customer require-
• Calculation of automation concepts
ments. To achieve this, standardised
• Sales support and consulting
hardware components and software
• Drafting of electrotechnical documents
modules are used as the basis and specifi-
• Development of user software
cally complemented by modules for the
• Production of control cabinets and
automation of particular process steps.
drive cabinets
Ferrum has invested many years of devel-
• Commissioning of facilities
opment in this objective, and today
• Instruction of operating personnel
our customers are reaping the benefits.
• Project-related qualification
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Products for scraper centrifuges
CAS-S.2
CAS-S.3
CAS-S.3.1
CAS-S.2 provides straightforward au-
CAS-S.3 provides proven automation for
This platform is based on the CAS-S.3.
tomation for Ferrum centrifuges for sim-
Ferrum centrifuges in monoproduct facil-
With the integration of the centrifuge in
ple facilities. Such concepts are primarily
ities (generally with monoproduct cen-
an overall system, the peripheral
developed for centrifuges which are used
trifuges). Owing to constant product
equipment of the customer is integrated
as pilot plants. Because of the constantly
characteristics, a recipe can be developed
into the Ferrum system. The result of
changing parameters, no formulas can
and a fully automatic sequence can be
this is considerable savings in terms of
be defined.
executed.
planning efforts.
Control panel: CAS-S.2 model
Control panel: CAS-S.3 and CAS-S.3.1
The panel is installed directly in explo-
models
sion hazard environments. The cen-
The terminal is installed directly in explo-
trifuge can thus be operated directly on-
sion hazard environments. The cen-
site at all times. The basic functions are
trifuge can thus be operated directly on-
manually controlled by means of push-
site at all times.
buttons. A control panel is built into the
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens S7-300
respective drive cabinet. On the basis of
Processor: CPU 314-DT
selective information, a fault can be
Manufacturer/Model: Bartec BAT-300
eliminated by our Customer Support or a
with VGA TFT colour screen built into a
customer-specific technician within the
rustproof housing
shortest possible timeframe.
Summary of functionality:
Technical data SPS:
• Automatic operation: Automatic pro-
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens S7-300
gram execution according to pre-defined
Processor: CPU 312
process parameters. The sequence steps
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens OP-3
are constant. It consists of the following
integrated in the non-EX area
sequences: filling, spinning 1, washing,
spinning 2 and scrapering/residual heel
removal.
Manual operation: All processes can be
driven from the manual controls.
• Service operation: All actuators can be
controlled for test purposes while the
centrifuge is out of operation.
• Configuration: All process parameters
for a product can be stored.
• Fault menu: All faults are processed
and viewed.
Technical data SPS:
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens S7-300
Processor: CPU 314-DP
Products for scraper centrifuges
CAS-S.4
CAS-S.4 conveniently automates Ferrum
Control console: CAS-S.4 model
configurable washing, static spinning.
centrifuges in multiproduct facilities
The terminal is installed directly in explo-
Semiautomatic mode: The automatic
(generally with multiproduct centrifuges).
sion hazard environments. The cen-
operation can be run manually via
Due to constant characteristics, multiple
trifuge can thus be operated directly on-
recipes can be defined for individual
site at all times.
products and stored in the control unit.
Manufacturer/Model: Bartec BAT-VGA
In this way, during a product change the
pro with VGA TFT colour screen integrat-
process sequences can be switched
ed in a rustproof housing
driven from the manual controls.
• Service mode: All actuators can be controlled for test purposes while the centrifuge is out of operation.
over within the shortest period of time
without software modifications.
module.
• Manual mode: All processes can be
Summary of functionality:
• Automatic mode: Automatic program
execution according to predefined
process parameters. The sequence is
• Configuration: All process parameters
can be stored for multiple products.
• Fault menu: All faults are processed
and viewed.
can be varied. It consists of the following sequences: static filling, dynamically
configurable spinning, dynamically
We’ll help you make the right choice
Important laboratory tests
In scaling to the production process, we
help with our experience. In the selection
of the appropriate machine model and
its parameters, tests can be performed in
the laboratory or on-site. Our specialists
will be only too pleased to offer their
advice.
Specific characteristics
Ferrum supports its customers in the
Application-specific optimisation experiments can be performed in
selection of the machine model, which
the laboratory or on-site.
can also be optimally integrated in
existing facilities to enable long-term
use. In this respect, different characteristics are important.
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Project-oriented quality assurance
Project-related quality assurance
Customer-oriented quality
assurance
up. The system is thus optimised, and the
comprehensive qualification report is
handed over to the customer. These
In addition to the evaluation, implementation and startup of a centrifuge
In close collaboration with the customer,
materials document the quality of the
system, the qualification can also be de-
the qualification delivers the systematic
system and form an important basis for
fined as a subject of the contract.
evidence and documentation of the
later configurations or system expan-
Qualification is an element of the valida-
operability and suitability of the facility
sions.
tion in the form of documented evidence
for the planned production goals. The
that the products have been reliably
basis of this is the Qualification Master
and reproducibly manufactured in the
Plan (QM-Plan) developed in conjunction
desired quality. The inquiry is oriented
with the customer. In this plan, the goals
towards the principles of good manu-
are defined and the content, scope, re-
facturing practices (GMP) and includes
sponsibilities and documentation systems
criteria relating to the procedures,
of the individual qualification steps are
processes, machinery, materials and oper-
determined (design, installation, opera-
ating sequences.
tional and performance qualification).
The qualification activities run through
all project phases from planning to start-
Qualification Master Plan
Qualification steps
Design Qualification (DQ)
Installation Qualification (IQ)
Content, control
and documented evidence
Design, Planning,
Implementation of critical
parameters in specifications,
systems and plans
design-oriented construction
according to the approved
plans and specifications,
completeness of the systems
and documentation,
calibration and test points
Operational Qualification (OQ)
function and suitability tests,
operative ranges for critical
parameters, safety devices,
alarms, personnel training
Performance Qualification (PQ)
performance verification,
process cycle within predefined
parameters, manufacturing
must be reproducible and
compliant with the specifications
Areas and scope
of qualification
Individual documents
• Construction plan
• Stress analysis
• Materials in contact with
• Qualification documents
• Plans
• Protocols
• Reports
• List of SOPs
• Calibration plan
• List of faults
• Summary qualification report
processed substances
• Aeration and deaeration
systems
• Supply and disposal systems
• Machines and devices
• Pipelines and fittings
• Measurement, control and
adjustment technology
• Electrical engineering
• Diagnostic systems
Project-oriented quality assurance
V-method for perfect functioning
Y-method for long-term benefits
The Qualification Master Plan (QM Plan)
Ferrum’s objective is to design systems
with the customer for the specific appli-
is the basis for quality assurance. The
to minimise the costs of the entire life
cation.
standards embodied demand simultane-
cycle (Total Cost of Ownership: TCO).
ous planning and testing activities.
Therefore, the use goes beyond the start-
This method of project planning is often
up of the centrifuge systems, because
called the V-model of facility planning.
even for long-term use, various measures
Design qualification and design tests pro-
aim to reduce the TCO. The spectrum
ceed simultaneously and are jointly
extends from qualified personnel train-
oriented to the delivery and startup of
ing, regular maintenance work and oper-
the facility.
ational safety checks to later upgrading
of qualification or test steps required is
generally determined in collaboration
to adapt the facility to new requirements. This is why we speak of facility
planning with this extended commitment to the Y-model. The number
The Y-method of facility planning
Customer
Ferrum
Design Qualification (DQ)
Quotation-test/
Acceptance-test
Installation Qualification (IQ)
Integration-test
Operational Qualification (OQ)
SW-Installation-test
Performance Qualification (PQ)
HW-Installation-test
Delivery Qualification (DelQ)
System/Functional-test
Factory Acceptance-test
Site Acceptance-test
Process Qualification
Acceptance
Preventive Maintenance
Security Level Maintenance
Installation/Process Upgrade
15
16
Service
Broad spectrum of service options
To review the different processes and to continuously adapt
these to requirements, we offer our customers different service
packages and professional consulting.
Model
“Gold Service”
Frequency
every 6 months
Type
preventive maintenance
Response time
24 – 48 hours
Key components determined by contract
(warehouse or guaranteed procurement
lead time)
Wearing parts
are charged
Model
“Silver Service”
Frequency
every 12 months
Type
inspection and safety checks,
Fast and proficient on-site support
maintenance and upkeep on request
Response time
10 working days
Wearing parts
are charged
Model
“Steel Service”
Frequency
every 36 months
Type
complete review and safety checks
Response time
10 working days
Wearing parts
are charged
Model
“UVV Inspection”
Frequency
every 3 years
Type
inspection and safety checks according to
accident prevention regulations,
maintenance and upkeep on request
Wearing parts
are charged
Model
“Process analysis for optimisation”
Frequency
on request
Type
process analysis up to optimisation offering
Response time
10 working days
Service
approx. 2 days analysis on-site
Travel costs
are charged according to expenditure
Model
“Docu Service”
Frequency
during upgrade
Type
the machine operating manuals are updated
Proficient services
in keeping with the upgrade
Response time
4 weeks
Model
“Qualification Service”
Frequency
on request
Type
the machine qualification is performed
and documented
Response time
on request
Travel costs
are charged according to expenditure
References
Several vertical scraper centrifuges form
From suspension inlet via solid-liquid
an optimised system with the control unit.
separation to the packaging of a system.
• Central filling plate
• Clean-room version, so-called
• Solid discharge cone with discharge
valve
• Filling monitoring with refill logic
• ACT centrifuge control with connection
to the process control system
“through-the-wall” construction
• Bin docking station for product
discharge
• ACT centrifuge control with formula
management and connection to the
process control system
17
18
References
Vertical scraper centrifuge with bottom
discharge in the vertical production flow
from the crystalliser to the centrifuge
and to the filling station on the lower
floor.
• Inclined filling disc for optimal
centrifuge filling
• Closed production circuit with nitrogen
inertisation
• Cover and peeler are driven by pneumatic spindle motors to prevent
hydraulic oil in the production area
The Ferrum competence
VTC – Vertical centrifuges with top dis-
P – Pusher centrifuges for continuous
HSZ – PH – Horizontal scaper centrifuges for
charge for pharmaceutical and chemical
processes in chemistry, petrochemistry, etc.
pharmaceutical applications with minimum
applications
space requirements
VBC – Vertical scraper centrifuges with
HCZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges for
HPZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges with
bottom discharge for pharmaceutical and
chemical applications
swivel open housing and innovative front
chemical applications
door for easy inspection in pharmaceutical
production
ACT – Automation in centrifuge technology
CSS – Customer Service & Support safe-
permits up to 50% performance enhance-
guards your investment
ment
Experience from global applications
• Team of specialists in process technology,
machine construction, automation
technology, production technology,
assembly crew, project manager team,
team for global logistics
• 6000 machines in the markets pharmaceuticals, chemistry, agrochemistry, fine
chemical industry, raw material processing industry, mining, petrochemistry,
foodstuffs industry, environmental
technology
19
Ferrum Ltd., CH-5102 Rupperswil
Phone ++41 62 889 14 11, Fax ++41 62 889 15 13
[email protected], www.ferrum.ch
C e n t r i f u g e Te c h n o l o g y
SCRAPER CENTRIFUGES QUESTIONNAIRE
PROSPECTIVE
CUSTOMER:
SEPARATION TASK:
Telephone
Internal/Direct dial
Fax
E-Mail
The goal of centrifugation is the separation of a mixture into solid and liquid components
The valuable component is
the solid
What type of centrifuge is preferred?
SOLID:
the liquid
horizontal
vertical
Top discharge
Bottom discharge
The solid discharge should be performed
automatically
manually
Is the existing
facility
new
Name
Chemical formula
Density at
°C
kg/m3
Bulk density in the centrifuge
kg/m3
Grain size distribution (please indicate determination methods, such as sifting, laser diffraction, etc.)
-mesh/DIN
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Weight %
Mean particle size
mm
Particle form
cube
fibres
Spherical
needles
Wafers
Flakes
FLUID:
Name
Composition
Density at
°C
kg/m3
Dynamic viscosity
°C
cP corresp. to
pH value
Available on the Ferrum web site as an Excel file.
10-3 Ns/m2
MIXTURE:
Solid content
Weight% or
Temperature
°C
Density at
°C
Special characteristics:
WASHING LIQUID:
g/l
kg/m3
flammable
corrosive
toxic
pathogenic
explosive
abrasive
Name
Composition
OPERATING
Density at
°C
kg/m3
Dynamic viscosity at
°C
cP corresp. to
Temperature
°C
throughput
kg/batch
mixture
m3/batch
mixture
CONDITIONS:
Ausstossleistung
kg/batch
solid damp
kg/h
solid damp
10-3 Ns/m2
Permitted residual moisture in the treated solid
Weight %
Permitted solid content in the separated liquid
Weight % or
ppm
Required purity after washing
Weight % or
ppm
What is the impurity?
Required washing liquid quantity
m3/h solid dry
Filtrate/washing liquid separation
not required
The dosing of the mixture is performed with:
valve
Electrical current for drive:
required
desired
pump
current type
ex protection
Voltage
V
Frequency
Hz
Rotational speed control
No
Yes
Centrifuge control
electronic
pneumatic
Frequency converter
fully automatic
manual control
Suitable construction materials for product-touching parts are:
Working hours/day
EXPERIENCE:
Working hours/week
Working hours/year
Are centrifuges already in use
If yes:
Yes
Drum diameter
mm
Drum volume
Board ring diameter
mm
Drum width
Cycle times/Rotational speed filling
Solid quantity/centrifuge
Structural shape
No
l
mm
min
min-1
Washing
min
min-1
Spin-drying
min
min-1
Peeling/Discharging
min
min-1
batch (damp)
kg
Layer height (approx.)
mm
vertical
Residual humidity
Mass %
horizontal
General observations (e.g. available experience, special versions of the centrifuge, N2 fumigation, etc.)
Model
ANALYTICAL
CHEMISTRY:
For experiments in our laboratory:
Maximum permitted temperature for drying the solid
Method for determining the residual moisture
Method for determining the purity
°C
Centrifuge Technology
Canning Machinery
Foundry Technology
Ferrum Ltd.
Houston, TX 77041 USA
Phone 001 713 856 6700
Fax
001 713 856 6739
[email protected]
www.ferrumus.com
Production
Washing Systems
strebel & partner SGD, Wohlen AG
Ferrum Ltd.
CH-5102 Rupperswil
Phone ++41 62 889 14 11
Fax
++41 62 889 15 13
[email protected]
www.ferrum.ch
05.05 / e / 2000
C e n t r i f u g e Te c h n o l o g y