Question 2a) – River
Landscapes
Worth 25 marks
Hints and Tips.
1. Go straight to the longer answer question and do that one
first – you may have some facts and figures in your head
and getting them onto paper straight away will mean you
can forget them as soon as you’ve written it.
2. Know the meaning of the exam command words
Describe – say what you can see –
Describe the distribution – how are things spread
out/placed what are the patterns.
Explain – say why, use the word because.
Suggest –say why.
3. Use Geographical vocabulary as much as you can. A list
of the words that we have looked at is on the next page.
4. Look at the mark scheme – 3 marks expects you to write
three points or 2 points with one specific example.
5. Do not miss out questions, don’t rush the paper.
Using Geographical words in your exam answer
automatically gets your more marks.
Mouth
Interlocking spurs
Source
Deforestation
Watershed
Afforestation
Tributary
Interception
Confluence
Infiltration
Estuary
Surface run off
Delta
Saturated
Erosion vertical and horizontal
Impermeable
Weathering
Precipitation
Hydraulic action
Permeable
Attrition
Gradient
Abrasion
Relief
Corrosion
Water table
Biological weathering
Evaporation
Chemical weathering
Evapo-transpiration
Mechanical weathering
Velocity
Slumping
River discharge
Soil Creep
Dam
V-shaped valley
Channelisation
Meander
Washlands
Centrifugal force
Embankments
River cliff
Soft engineering
Slip off slope
Hard engineering
Deposition
Land Use zoning
Plunge Pool
Gorge
Levee
Mass movement
Different types of erosion and weathering, slumping and
soil creep (on previous page)
You need to be able to use these when describing the formation of the
landforms on the next two slide
REMEMBER - THESE ARE ALL RIVER PROCESSES
The formation of meanders, river cliffs, oxbow lakes,
interlocking spurs, waterfalls – annotated diagrams of the
landforms
Each of these
diagrams does not
include the
erosional
processes that
take place. Could
you add these to
the diagrams in the
right places?
The formation of flood plains and levees – annotated
diagrams of the landforms
Levees
You could try and write a
paragraph using the statements
to explain the formation
How a river changes from source to mouth – width,
depth, velocity, discharge and gradient
Why does
velocity
increase from
source
(upstream) to
mouth
(downstream)?
What does it
have to
overcome?
The effects of river flooding on people and the environment
–using different named examples Bangladesh,
Mozambique
Look at the
statements
about flooding
in Bangladesh
– label which
are causes
and which are
effects. Try
and learn 3 of
the effects
(facts and
figures)
Hard and soft engineering used to control rivers in the UK
– advantages and disadvantages
You need to
be able to
explain how
these
different
management
techniques
control a river
CASE STUDY – How a river is managed in a named
location – Mississippi
Physical and Human Causes of flooding – you will need to
explain why they cause flooding in an exam question –
using Geographical vocabulary
Prevention of the effects of river flooding
Preventing
damage to
property