Epilepsy News Shining a light on epilepsy Epilepsy Ireland Issue 65 Summer 2014 Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland In This Issue: • Epilepsy Research Update • STEPS new epilepsy selfmanagement programme • Safety planning for the home contents Note from the editor 3 Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland Welcome to the Summer edition of Epilepsy News. National Epilepsy Week is just the corner, a busy time for everyone. 4 STEPS new epilepsy selfmanagement programme As mentioned in our last issue we continue our theme of personal safety with a Safety Planning tool for the home on page 8; we hope you find it useful. Other items of particular interest include the Support & Training in Epilepsy Self-Management or 5 Yea or Nay? - Should You Watch Yourself Having a Seizure? 6 Run for Life by Peter Phelan 8 Personal safety in the home Epilepsy Toolkit STEPS Programme, page 4. We hope to start these programmes later this year. For the very popular personal story series we travel to County Waterford, you will find Peter Phelan’s very moving story on page 6. Also don’t forget to make a note of this year’s National Conference, see item below. Date for your diary 10 Epilepsy research update 11 NAI report on health cuts 12 News updates Epilepsy Ireland National Conference 2014 13 Fundraising ‘Epilepsy: Safety and Risk’ 14 Regional news and events Alexander Hotel, Fenian Street, Dublin 2. October 11th 2014, 10.30am – 4.00pm. Keynote Speakers (& Epilepsy Experts): Dr Aidan Neligan, Queens Square, London. Prof Henry Smithson, University College Cork. Plus workshops: Self-management and risk Q&A with epilepsy nurses for parents & people with epilepsy ‘Have Your Say’ - epilepsy debate Early bird bookings now being taken contact EI for further details Full details in next issue. Epilepsy West Seminar for Health Professionals Epilepsy Ireland wishes to improve awareness of epilepsy at all times but especially amongst the medical community. At present the HSE National Clinical Lead for Epilepsy is rolling out a new programme for epilepsy across the country. The Western regions are amongst the areas particularly targeted by the clinical lead. This meeting will be of special interest to GPs, specialists and advanced nurse practitioners in epilepsy as well as all primary healthcare staff treating patients with epilepsy. Speakers: Dr John Lynch, Consultant Neurologist, University College Hospital Galway. Professor Mike Kerr, Clinical Professor, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University Dr Liz O’Mahony, Consultant Paediatric Neurologist, Barringtons Hospital, Limerick. 249 Crumlin Road, Dublin 12. Tel: 01 4557500 Fax: 01 4557013 Email: [email protected] Web: www.epilepsy.ie Registered Charity Number: 6170 Design and layout by What Box? Creative. Printed by Doggett Print & Design 2 Dr Christine Linehan, Lecturer, School of Psychology, University College Dublin. Dr Michael Hennessy, Consultant Neurologist, University College Hospital Galway. Dr Kevin Murphy, Consultant Neurologist, Sligo Regional Hospital. Professor Henry Smithson, Chair of General Practice, University College Cork. Topics: Epilepsy – where do stand now? The next generation in epilepsy treatment Epilepsy & Intellectual Disability – how does it fit in? The outlook for children with epilepsy The need for accurate prevalence and incidence data for epilepsy The best AEDs, do we know what they are? Treatment options – are we using the best ones? How can we improve primary care for epilepsy? Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland Staff, trustees and supporters (including EI CEO Mike Glynn) of SUDEP Action at the House of Commons reception to launch the Epilepsy Deaths Register (EDR) for the UK on 4th June 2013. The Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland will be launched during 2014. The aim of the register is to work with researchers to help with the prevention of epilepsy deaths and in the understanding of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). In June of last year the UK Epilepsy Deaths Register (EDR) was launched at the Houses of Parliament in Westminster by SUDEP Action (formerly Epilepsy Bereaved), the charity which has done more in the area of epilepsy deaths both in the UK and internationally than any other organisation. Epilepsy Ireland has successfully worked with SUDEP Action since the 1990s and the launch was attended by Mike Glynn of Epilepsy Ireland. Since the launch, more than three hundred bereaved families and others such as coroners have accessed the EDR to report details of the death of a loved one. Due to the success so far of the EDR, Epilepsy Ireland have been in active discussions with SUDEP Action to discuss partnership working in Ireland so that an Irish Epilepsy Deaths Register could be established. These talks have proved very successful and an Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland will be established later this year. Funding for this project was raised by the family and friends of the late Alan Gallagher through the annual Tour De Gaggs cycle from Cork to Roscommon. The family have agreed that the funds which they worked so hard to raise can be used to fund this essential new work. Separately, funding has now been awarded to SUDEP Action to work with Epilepsy Ireland to help establish the Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland (EDRI). The National Epilepsy Care programme for Ireland (led by Dr. Colin Doherty) estimates that there are 100-150 epilepsy deaths in the country each year. Only 61epilepsy deaths were recorded in recent CSO national death statistics, suggesting a lack of awareness and under-reporting of epilepsy deaths in Ireland. Reported epilepsy deaths have increased. This is not a surprise. Today investigators in Ireland should be better informed about SUDEP and other epilepsy deaths but we greatly fear that this is not always the case. Problems identifying epilepsy deaths that have happened and lack of access to information make research into epilepsy death very difficult and expensive. Research teams all over the world including Ireland are slowly finding out more about SUDEP and other epilepsy-related deaths. Nevertheless there is still much more work to be done. Every person who reports an epilepsy-related death will help the research. They will bring our knowledge one step closer to finding the answer to SUDEP and other epilepsy related deaths. That is why Epilepsy Ireland has partnered with SUDEP Action to set up the Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland. In the UK, the EDR is endorsed by the government and promoted by professional and patient organisations to provide: • single point for reporting deaths • reports on information provided • support for anyone wishing to help research into SUDEP and epilepsy deaths • coordination of involvement in research The SUDEP Action Epilepsy Deaths Registry team has: • over 50 years’ combined expertise in SUDEP and epilepsy deaths • experience involving people in research • led the last National Sentinel Clinical Audit of Epilepsy-Related Deaths. Prof. Henry Smithson from University College Cork and research teams at Sheffield University and King’s Health Partners provide research support. Our expert advisory includes international experts in SUDEP, epilepsy deaths and in registry development. Jane Hanna, OBE of SUDEP Action highlighted the importance of the register commenting that: “Registers of epilepsy death are a vital new development in work on prevention across the world. SUDEP Action and Epilepsy Ireland have worked together on SUDEP Awareness since the 1990s and the Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland partnership is a major landmark on this journey”. The priority for EDR for Ireland in the first year will be to raise awareness of SUDEP and epilepsy-related mortality and maximise registrations. Bereaved families will be invited to register information; take part in a survey of their experiences and be asked to consent to further contact from researchers. Professor Henry Smithson, University College Cork and Brigitte Colwell, University of Sheffield will analyse the information from Ireland and will compare the data with the UK figures. The Epilepsy Deaths Register for Ireland will make its initial report in 2015. 3 STEPS - new self-Management Programme for People with Epilepsy Whether the courses are specific for a group who share a common condition, or general to all conditions, there have been great outcomes and results of these programmes. Evidence shows that there can be reduced emergency admissions, reduced health distress, improved health behaviour and status and many other positive outcomes relating to increased quality of life. Learning to live well with epilepsy For some people with epilepsy, it can be a challenge to learn to manage epilepsy and create fulfilling positive lives with the condition. There is so much information, but what is relevant? How do I make my way through the healthcare services? Are there others with epilepsy that I can talk to? It takes time to understand epilepsy, emotionally adjust, and make changes in life to manage the condition. Getting the right medication can be a major breakthrough on a personal level – a chance to regain control and get on with life. However, even with controlled seizures, managing to live with the condition in the longer term can require lifestyle changes and a steep learning curve to find a balanced lifestyle and learn about wellness in a new way. For some people with epilepsy, depression, anxiety, emotional difficulties and quality of life issues also present themselves. Many people with epilepsy share with us that they don’t know others with epilepsy, and have not had the opportunity to share their experiences and learn from others – they deal with their epilepsy in isolation from others. What is the NEW Epilepsy Ireland SelfManagement Programme? Epilepsy Ireland has developed the STEPS (Support & Training in EPilepsy Self-Management) Programme to help to support people with epilepsy to manage their condition and also to gain skills to improve their overall ‘wellness’ and quality of life. The course is being run in a number of locations across Ireland, bringing people with epilepsy together in a structured group environment over a number of sessions. The groups are facilitated by Epilepsy Ireland Community Resource Officers, who have many years of experience supporting and providing information for people with epilepsy and their families. In small groups, people will learn about their own condition and its management, as well as learning about the healthcare system for people with epilepsy, preparing for their neurologist visit, first aid for seizures, understanding triggers and symptoms and broader lifestyle and safety issues. As well as this, we take a broader approach to self-management, looking at managing moods and thoughts, managing diet, sleep and exercise, understanding and managing stress, and planning for the future. Helping people to develop wellness Society moves very fast nowadays, and regardless of any specific health condition, people are feeling more challenged with life issues and stress, loneliness and isolation has become a common norm. It is important in broader society that we learn more about how to cope with our lives, how to stay healthy, and how to find a more ‘holistic’ form of living that incorporates our ‘whole’ selves. When you have a health condition to deal with, as well as all the other pressures of life, it is not always easy to find the ‘balance’ in life and some support in finding ‘your way’ though developing skills and tools to manage, can be useful. What is Self-Management? Everyone with a health condition ‘self-manages’ that condition. ‘Self-management’ simply refers to what people do on a day to day basis to manage their condition and cope with their life. Most of what happens for a person with epilepsy happens in daily life – at home and in the community, rather than in the healthcare setting. It is important that people are supported to ‘actively’ self –manage – find positive pathways for living with the condition rather than ‘passively’ managing – feeling that there is little to be done to improve quality of life. Do Self-Management Programmes Work? Courses and programmes to help people to ‘self-manage’ (to manage a chronic condition) have become very popular, mainly because they have been proven to work. This finding applies to both condition-specific programmes (e.g. arthritis, heart disease and diabetes) and general programme for all chronic conditions (e.g. Chronic Disease Self-Management Programme). 4 Is this programme for me? This programme is an opportunity for people with epilepsy to come together and learn from each other, sharing their own experiences. Often we have things to share with others, and some people have managed their epilepsy for a long time and might be able to bring experience for others who are more newly diagnosed. There is nothing more useful than the experiences of those who have ‘gone through’ what we are ‘going through’. In the future, we plan to develop volunteer mentors, who will co-facilitate this programme with our staff. Whether you are a person who is more newly diagnosed, or someone who has mastered your epilepsy and your life, we would encourage you to come onto the STEPS programme. Check the website or contact your local Epilepsy Ireland office to find out the times and dates of the STEPS programme nearest to you. Yay or Nay - Should You Watch Yourself Having a Seizure? actually shouting ‘Oh God! Oh God!’ I walked through a neighbouring office while doing it...they thought the workload was getting to me. I couldn’t remember the shouting; I never do remember that part.” Epilepsy News columnist Maria Carty-Mole contemplates another issue – whether or not those who lose awareness during a seizure should film their episode and watch it afterwards. “Oh God no, I look terrible! Take it again.” These are words that we’ve all heard when photos are being taken of people (they are also being said more nowadays, thanks to fear that images will end up on Facebook). Unless the whole nation is just faking modesty, the majority of us don’t really like looking at pictures of ourselves. And more often than not, these photos are taken at social events, when we are dolled up and dressed to look our best. So why on earth, then, would we want to expose ourselves to images showing us when we are at our weakest point? Such an idea had never even occurred to me until one day my sister offered to film me having one of my complex partial seizures. My initial reaction was one of shock horror: NO! The silver lining for those of us who lose consciousness during a seizure is that we’re not the ones who have to witness the event; it’s others who get the joy of watching it. Our embarrassment when we come back around is probably a lot less than it would be if we had witnessed the limb-shaking, noise-making, blank-staring process ourselves. One argument for the out-of-body cinema experience might be curiosity. Surely it’s worth feeling a little embarrassed, if you finally get to see what everyone else is talking about? Well there are many relevant films on YouTube, and provided that each one has the patient’s consent to be aired to the public, it’s a harmless way to get an idea as to what your type of seizure might look like. If you want to see a seizure, why not just watch someone else’s? The truth is, however, that most of us do not have exactly the same sort of seizure. Neurologists have been known to request that patients film their seizures, as the noises made or the body movements like hand signalling can help locate the epilepsy within the brain. It also means, of course, that neurologists can scrutinise seizures themselves and don’t need to rely on descriptions from observers. For those who are living by themselves and have nocturnal seizures, it can also be a chance to find out what actually happens when they have an episode. As well as being useful for analysis afterwards, a seizure video can be helpful beforehand, when used in preparation. A film of a child having a seizure can be shown to teachers and babysitters, so that should a seizure occur they will know what to do and what to expect. It takes some courage to watch yourself having a seizure, because that’s not the real you rocking back and forth; it’s not the you that everyone knows and loves. But perhaps we can only come to accept it when we face it and see ourselves on camera. I’m not quite brave enough to do so right now, and Ann-Marie feels the same way: “To be honest I don’t think I’ve reached that level of courage just yet,” she says. “But a huge well done to anyone who has!” Yay or Nay…what do you say? Yay: “I have had myself recorded before… it wasn’t the easiest thing to watch but I was glad I did, because I saw what others saw.” Alan “The neurologists thought it was a great idea to record myself. It has been a huge help to them and they encouraged me to keep it up.” James Nay: “I think we are better off not watching. Maybe the less we know the better.” Amanda “I would only advise it if you are strong enough, because it is really hard seeing yourself in a situation like that.” Edward Names have been changed at participant’s request. Even if we don’t lose consciousness, what actually happens can be very different from what our memory would have us believe. Ann-Marie felt a seizure coming on in the office at work, so she quietly and subtly made her way to the bathroom and hid there until she recovered. Or so she thought. “As I walked out I was 5 Run For Life Personal Story by Peter Phelan, Co. Waterford. During this time my seizures had become more frequent due to the early mornings, late evenings and the stress that goes with school. It wasn’t uncommon for me to have a seizure eating my breakfast; waiting for or on the bus and might I add it’s not very nice when you are twelve miles from home and have a seizure in front of strangers. I was 17 and life had changed from a wonderful childhood to a woeful young adult life. I had discovered the demon drink – an escape from reality and a good time or so I thought but I also found it provided me with a major trigger for seizures, the only excuse I have is I was young and stupid. It took six years but I eventually decided enough was enough and kicked that particular habit out of bounds. That summer I had begun a trade, my first real venture in the real world, as a sheet metal fabricator. I lasted 9 months. The days were long, lots of overtime and lots of seizures. I had always wanted to be a tradesman, a professional at what I did but I had to run to the toilet, the canteen or anywhere I wouldn’t be seen to hide something that wasn’t my fault. Then two mornings in succession I was caught in a seizure by the manager as he turned the corner to open up. I got the call later that day and the bad news. There’s always somebody worse than me. That has been my motto for 31 years. I was born with epilepsy so to me it’s part of my makeup and will always remain that way. I had my first seizure at the tender age of just two. I was sent to Crumlin Hospital in an ambulance after falling and hitting my head off a kerb as I walked ahead of my mother. I had a brain haemorrhage according to those in the ambulance, luckily for me it didn’t turn out that way. My childhood was pretty normal; I did all the things other kids did - only better. Even though I was taken out of playschool after a week due to seizure frequency, as the years passed and I moved into primary school they really were the best years of my life. I had energy to burn and life couldn’t be better. Never wanting to go home after school I would have to be sent for, I’d stay out with my friends kicking ball, playing hurling and was constantly active. Looking back now the reason I was so active and competitive is because I was better than them in more ways than one. In the summer of 1995 while in Tramore I played the arcade game Sonic the Hedgehog. Anyone old enough will remember a row over a lack of warning concerning flashing images, the game was later withdrawn. On the way home the seizures started and continued through the night. That was my first experience of cluster seizures. School and College I began secondary school full of confidence and hope for the future. My parents met with the principal and vice principal and outlined my condition, how epilepsy affected me and what to do in the event of a seizure. 6 In 2001 I started the Training for Success (TFS) course in Sligo. If I’m honest I was so unstable at that stage the only place I should have been was home. I met a few wonderful friends and still have fond memories of the year. I played on the fresher’s and senior hurling team and we reached an All-Ireland final where Tipp IT beat us. After TFS I got a full time job as a baker in my hometown but as before it was blighted with seizures morning, noon and night but I struggled on. One day while with the nurse to have my bloods checked she asked how my epilepsy was and if I was attending anyone. Within four weeks I was in Cork University Hospital. I had an MRI, then a video EEG. I had three seizures over two days and both sets of results were sent to Beaumont to be examined. Fast forward to 2008, I’m going through the same procedures in Beaumont only more strenuous and then out of nowhere I hear the word “surgery”. Is this for real? I could be seizure free this time next year. Was I young and naive, thinking nothing could go wrong? I think so but went I for it full steam ahead. I wanted to be rid of this noose around my neck. My Surgery Diary May 5th 2009: I had an extra temporal lobectomy. First night, no seizure and then like a kick in the teeth night two – shattered dreams. Three months later and with the results of biopsy of the damaged tissue and continuation of seizures, more surgery and stricter examinations were pencilled in. June 8th 2010: I had an occipital lobectomy performed, another six hour operation but with the risk of losing the sight in my eye. This was a tougher decision to make – I cried myself to sleep the night before. In the end I lost the peripheral vision in my left eye and the operation was unsuccessful. Frustration mounted. I knew how much work the doctors, nurses and neurosurgeon had invested in me and to this day I am forever thankful to all of them but the next question was “what can we do now?” Peter (centre) with his father, Peter and mother Assumpta August 11th 2011: I had a Vagus Nerve Stimulator implanted to help get my seizures under control. It failed. Three operations and three unsuccessful outcomes; was I bitter, angry, resentful and sorry? I was angry that it didn’t turn out the way I’d hoped but I was never bitter or resentful, I had given my all and I’m happy that I won’t ever have to ask myself what might have been had I said no to the second operation. I was angry, my vision had been damaged. I now have a curtain like effect hanging down the outside of my left and the inside of my right eye which means I only see half of what the normal person sees. As a result I’ll never drive so it’s a double whammy. I don’t read anymore as a result, I have to close one eye and it puts too much strain on the eye. Fight the fight, run the race I tried to learn how to swim and I succeeded to a certain degree but one evening in the pool I felt a seizure coming on and I panicked, luckily I got out just in time and the next thing I remember is looking up at two guys asking me was I ok! I was lucky which is why it’s advisable to always have someone with you or tell the lifeguard you have epilepsy. 80% of my seizures occur between the hours of 8pm-8am and I get them near enough every night so it isn’t easy for me to function to my full capabilities. As the sleep deprivation follows me through to the next day, so will the remaining 20% of my seizures. I will always find it difficult to hold down any kind of job and that for me is the most frustrating thing of all. honestly don’t know but time will tell and if it comes down to it I won’t be afraid to drop out because as stubborn as I am, one thing I’ve learned is you can beat a lot of things in life but you can’t beat the brain. Acceptance is a big thing and to be able to accept epilepsy for someone like me is half the battle. I accepted the fact I have refractory epilepsy a long time ago. At the moment things aren’t fantastic for me but I’m used to it. I try not to let increases in my AEDS to try and control a seizure spike get me down, as hope gets me from day to day and I hope someday in the future that I will say “I’m seizure free”. If not at least I’ll know I’ll have fought a good fight and that’s all that counts. I had tried almost every AED for partial seizures, last year a new drug halved my seizures, however I’m still at around 40 complex partial seizures a month plus simple partials and clusters. I started to run marathons in 2008 not because I enjoyed it but I found it very helpful to clear my head of all the frustration from the night before. I have run one marathon a year since, except for 2011 (post VNS surgery) which isn’t bad for a person on 5 different AEDS and after 3 operations. I ran for Epilepsy Ireland in 2010 and that was eleven weeks post brain surgery, my only regret is I never did one for the Beaumont foundation. I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the staff at Cork UH, Beaumont Hospital and Epilepsy Ireland for all their help and support. There’s always somebody worse than me! I am starting a college course in September and it will be an intensive five days a week schedule. Will I be able for it? I 7 Personal Safety Plan for the Home Everybody faces possible safety risks in the home and many accidents can be prevented with careful planning. As a follow up to the Be Safe, Reduce Risk article which appeared in the last issue of Epilepsy News, the following safety plan can be used to assess personal safety throughout the home. It will also help determine where action may be needed. In using this safety plan consider: • what risks might apply • the type of seizure when and where it might happen what hazards there might be In the Action Needed column put a yes for anything that might prove a potential risk, and then think about what action you could take that might remove or reduce the identified risks; the table will provide some prompts for consideration. Remember some changes may be easier to make than others. Location Hazard Reduce the Risk Living Room Open fires/ stoves Freestanding TV Glass tables Trailing flexes Radiators Gas heaters Freestanding lamps Large, secure fireguard Wall mounted is safer Remove or replace with shatter proof glass Attach to skirting board Moulded covers without sharp edges Remove in case of fall on appliance Secure or wall mount Kitchen Ovens Hobs Saucepans Hot Dishes Glasses/ceramics Sharp cutlery Electrical appliances Hot liquids Microwaves are safest Use cooker guard or rail Cook on rear rings Turn handles to rear of hob Limit carrying, use a trolley Use unbreakable crockery Limit use of steak knives Use cordless where possible Keep levels low Bedroom Beds Headboard Soft pillows Locker position Lamps Undetected seizures Doors Low level, no bunks Choose soft padding Firm ventilated type or none Move from bedside to limit risk of injury Wall mounted is safest A bed alarm can help Re-hang to open out, leave unblocked Bathroom Baths/showers Avoid baths. Showers are safer Use a shower chair Shower when someone is around Don’t bathe children alone If using bath, leave plug out and wash with shower hose Safety plastic rather than glass Remove or leave open to prevent entanglement Lower or flat tray Keep unlocked and hang to open outwards Attach to walls Use a thermostat to control temperature Shower doors Shower curtain High shower trays Doors Loose mirrors Hot water 8 • • Action Needed Location Hazard Reduce the Risk Hall Stairs Limit use of stairs if seizures are frequent Use stair gates if wandering is a feature Throughout the Home Glass panels Coarse carpet Loose appliances Loose flexes Hot pipes Tight spaces Candles/cigarettes Hard flooring Sharp edges Heights Safety glass or clear contact film Cover with safety matting Mount on walls where possible Tack to wall or boards Conceal with heat resistant foam Enclose to prevent getting wedged Avoid using especially if alone Cover with safety matting Use child-proof covers or replace Avoid ladders, attics etc. Living well with Epilepsy Epilepsy Ireland is offering FREE Epilepsy Toolkit and Support Session for people with epilepsy and parents of children with epilepsy. This Toolkit has been designed to support people in managing their epilepsy. It can also be used by parents to manage their children’s epilepsy. The Toolkit will help people understand the condition of epilepsy; keep all relevant medical information in one place and work closely with their medical team. The support session will provide all the information, training and support you need when you or your child has been recently diagnosed with epilepsy. You should contact your local Community Resource Officer (CRO) to book your Toolkit Support Session. Contact details for your local CRO can be found on the Regional News page. Action Needed The Toolkit designed and produced by Epilepsy Ireland contains: • Seizure Management Charts • Medication Management Section • First Aid for Seizures • Medical Team Section • Seizure Diary • Safety Action Planning • Epilepsy Information Checklist • Resources Section • Appointments Planner • Wallet ID for people with epilepsy • Epilepsy Ireland Services PLUS: Living Well with Epilepsy a 40 page information booklet. 9 Research Update diversity that exists in life on earth. But crucially, these differences can sometimes influence our health. If a difference occurs in the code for a protein involved in lung function, it might cause a condition such as cystic fibrosis. If it occurs in a protein involved in cell signalling in the brain, it might lead to epilepsy. One of the first grants made by Epilepsy Ireland under our Research Funding Scheme back in 2009 was to Dr Cavalleri and colleagues for their work in identifying genetic predictors of epilepsy. Below Dr Cavalleri outlines his team’s work over the past four years and explains some of the key findings to come from the study. What is DNA? Our bodies consist of billions of cells, and the building blocks of these cells are called ‘proteins’. Indeed all life on earth is made up of proteins and millions of proteins exist on the planet. We read about proteins in health books and hear about them on TV but where do proteins actually come from? Well, our bodies can make proteins on demand. Contained within cells from all living organisms including humans is a substance called DNA. This incredible molecule represent a code made up of four different letters (‘A’, ‘T’, ‘C’ and ‘G’). The code is over 3 billion bases in length. If you joined all of the DNA in your body and stretched it out end-to-end, it would reach over 700 million miles, that’s to the sun and back about 4 times! Critically, this code contains the instructions for making all the proteins our body requires. It is the book of life, and we each have our own copy. We each have our own, unique copy of DNA because our DNA is slightly different from our parents, with each generation the code changes slightly. Any two individuals will be 99.9% identical at the level of their DNA, but the 0.1% of the code that differs is critical as that, at least in part, explain the wonderful 10 It’s only in the last decade that scientists have been able to read our DNA in its entirety. Indeed, the first human genome (we refer to all of a persons DNA as their ‘genome’) was sequenced in 2002, as part of the Human Genome Project. This was the result of a massive global effort that cost almost 3 billion dollars and took the best part of 10 years to complete. But since 2002, technology has changed dramatically. Today, researchers can sequence all of your DNA in a day, at a cost of just $3,000. But although it’s relatively easy to generate all this information, interpreting what it actually means is a massive challenge. Researchers are currently working to address this challenge. epilepsy treatment. We then generated extensive genetic profiles on all participants. When we analysed the data we observed some interesting signals but nothing that clearly predicted chronic refractory epilepsy. More powerful and focused studies are required. The funding has contributed to important parallel discoveries But the work has helped establish important resources that can now be integrated with collaborative efforts with scientists in other countries that are seeking to extend the research but using much larger numbers of patient participants. This should improve the power of the study to detect genetic effects considerably. Indeed the resource established by this study has already helped contribute to parallel discoveries in epilepsy. For example, Epilepsy Ireland support has helped us identify a gene type that is a predictor of severe skin-related adverse reactions to carbamazepine (1). We hope What did we set out to do in this this test might be integrated to the clinic in the future, to help avoid these particular study? severe, but extremely rare, reactions. We Epilepsy Ireland partnered with the Health have also helped to show that common Research Board (HRB) to fund researchers genetic variation in a gene called SCN1A at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland is a risk factor for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis in their efforts to better understand the genetics of very difficult to treat epilepsy. (2) - the same gene was previously known to be important in epilepsy with Around two thirds of patients with a strong family history such as GEFS+ epilepsy will respond well to medication or Dravet Syndrome. Epilepsy Ireland and manage to control their seizures. funding has also helped us contribute However, the remaining one-third of to the identification of genetic variation patients continue to experience regular as predictors of the volume of the seizures despite trying several different hippocampus (a brain structure known drugs. Prof. Delanty, Dr. Doherty and to be important in epilepsy)(3). Together, Dr. Cavalleri (of Beaumont Hospital, St. these discoveries represent small but James’s Hospital and RCSI) together with collaborators, set out to identify key regions of our DNA that might be important in the development of difficult to treat epilepsy. If you can identify such regions you might be able to develop new treatments that correct or target the underlying problem. As part of this work over 400 people with epilepsy were recruited through the clinics of Prof. Delanty at Beaumont Hospital patients and Dr. Doherty at St James’s Hospital. These patients were studied very carefully by our clinical team, so as to prepare detailed, individual profiles on how each responded to their significant steps in helping us understand the biological factors underlying epilepsy. But perhaps the most exciting discovery to be supported by the Epilepsy Ireland funding was the recent finding that genetic changes in a gene called TDP2 can cause a very rare but difficult to treat and debilitating seizure disorder (4). Together with collaborators from the UK and Netherlands, we showed that genetic changes in this gene can lead to the development of seizures. The gene itself helps control how DNA is coiled. When a gene is producing a protein, the DNA containing that gene needs to be relaxed (or unwound) and vice-versa when it is not. If TDP2 is damaged, we lose some of that control over DNA coiling which can lead to differences in the levels of certain proteins in the brain, which can lead to epilepsy. We need your help! Genetics plays an important role in epilepsy and recent technological breakthroughs in research are allowing us to understand this role with more clarity. But there is still a lot of work to do and we need your help. If you are under the care of Prof Delanty or Dr. Doherty, and have any or a combination of a) a strong family history of epilepsy, b) difficult to treat epilepsy or c) experienced side effects from anti-epileptic drugs please contact our Research Nurse, Lisa Slattery, at 087983-1043 or email [email protected] References: 1. McCormack M et al., HLA-A*3101 and carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity reactions in Europeans. N Engl J Med. 2011 Mar 24;364(12):1134-43. 2. Kasperaviciute D et al,. Epilepsy, hippocampal sclerosis and febrile seizures linked by common genetic variation around SCN1A. Brain. 2013 Sep 6. 3. The ENIGMA Consortium. Identification of common variants associated with human hippocampal and intracranial volumes. Nat Genet. 2012 Apr 15;44(5):552-61. 4. Gómez-Herreros F, et al TDP2 protects transcription from abortive topoisomerase activity and is required for normal neural function. Nat Genet. 2014 Mar 23. Report shows impact of cuts on people with neurological conditions years, or getting no service at all, including 74% for personal assistance services, 70% for respite care and 55% for speech and language therapy. The study highlights alarming changes since a similar study was conducted in 2011. For example, in 2011, 11% said they did not have access to a specialist nurse but this is now 20%. In 2011, 16% said they had difficulty accessing psychology services and this is now 24%. Figures for physiotherapy, occupational therapy and home adaption services show similar trends. Almost half of respondents had to give up work as a result of their condition, whilst some 40% were paying privately for physiotherapy, neurology and aids and equipment. A survey conducted by the Neurological Alliance of Ireland (NAI) of 600 people living with neurological conditions and their families showed that it has become more difficult to access a range of basic services and supports over the past three years. Speaking at the launch of the report in the Mansion House, Chris Macey, chairman of the NAI, which represents 30 organisations in the neurological sector including Epilepsy Ireland said that “these are worrying findings which show that people with neurological conditions are being hit extremely hard by the cumulative impact of cuts to community services and to benefits that have a massive impact on their quality of life”. The findings, announced in March during Brain Awareness Week highlight again the impact of on-going cuts in health, benefits and entitlements on top of historical underdevelopment of neurological services. NAI is calling on the Government to show commitment to prioritising neurological services, to make no further cuts to entitlements and to invest in rather than further cut community services. Among its findings are that: • 42% had their medical card withdrawn. • 68% of respondents had been affected by changes to the mobility allowance • 64% were affected by cuts to home care packages • In addition, there were high rates of people finding it more difficult to access community services over the last three A number of prominent politicians speaking at the launch outlined their commitment to neurological issues and to highlighting the findings of the report within Leinster House, including Deputies Denis Naughten and Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin and Senators Marie Moloney and Jillian Van Turnhout. Caoimhghín Ó Caoláin TD and Alexis Donnelly who has MS at the launch of the NAI report in March. http://bit.ly/1cMPsyb 11 News update People with autoimmune disease have increased risk of developing epilepsy Irish researchers detail psychosis rates in epilepsy A new study published in BMC Psychiatry, conducted by Prof. David Cotter and colleagues from the RCSI has found that people with epilepsy are nearly eight times more likely than people without the condition to experience psychosis. The findings are based on a systematic review of 58 studies. They show that 5.6% of all patients with epilepsy and 7% of those with temporal lobe epilepsy have comorbid psychosis. Postictal psychosis (psychosis occurring immediately following a seizure) was lower, at 2%. The authors conclude that “adequate recognition and treatment of psychosis in epilepsy is essential for patient management because of their considerable burden in morbidity and quality of life.” A new American study published in JAMA Neurology, has found that patients with an autoimmune disease have a 3.8-fold increased risk of developing epilepsy. Autoimmune diseases examined include: type 1 diabetes, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, antiphospholipid syndrome, myasthenia gravis and coeliac disease. The study also found that 17.5% of the epilepsy patients studied had at least one autoimmune disease. The risk was greater among children than adults. Findings also revealed that autoimmunity patients on certain immunosuppressing medications had a lower risk of developing epilepsy. “These findings suggest a new approach to treating seizures, one based on quieting the immune system,” said the study’s lead author Dr Kenneth Mandl. http://bit.ly/1ew4CTw Wearable epilepsy app on the way? New SUDEP research In a recent study, US researchers explored the role of cardiac arrhythmias in SUDEP, using an animal model of Dravet Syndrome (DS). Heart muscle cells in the animals with DS were found to be more excitable than ‘normal’ ones, and their electrical activity (needed to generate heart beats) was impaired. ECG recordings showed that animals from the DS group had a range of abnormalities in heart rhythm – including prolonged beats, extra beats, variable beats and heart spasms. Two of the DS animals suffered spontaneous death during the study, both following an episode of marked arrhythmia. These findings strongly suggest that abnormal heart activity can contribute to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Research into the link is continuing. http://bit.ly/1hpsgGk North West Neurological Institute opened http://bit.ly/1ghgM6X Social problems in young people with epilepsy A new Swedish study has explored the long-term social skills of children with epilepsy. The study looked at the development of 31 children, following them for 10 years after they were diagnosed in 1997. When diagnosed, all the children were classified as well functioning. A third of the children still had active epilepsy in 2007. This group showed attention problems and physical symptoms, including pain. Of the youngsters aged under 18, over 85% were having problems at school. Meanwhile, 16% were taking more than one medication for their epilepsy. The research team found that this increased the possible risk of attention problems and aggression. http://bit.ly/1hpgzzd 12 The concept wearable system that may help track and manage seizures Professor Tim Lynch and Dr Kevin Murphy, head of the new North West Neurological Institute. A new ‘wearable’ device being developed by American technology company Artefact may soon be available to help people with epilepsy. The device consists of a sensor that can be worn as a patch or clipped into a watch bracelet along with a smartphone app that can perform tasks including monitoring vital signs leading up to, during, and after a seizure; alerting carers; offering instructions; and recording of seizure data. Using this data, the app will be able to “learn” what conditions or vital signs could indicate a potential seizure is imminent and alert the person or their carer. The device is currently in testing but is expected to be generally available within two years. A new specialist North West Neurological Institute has opened in Sligo to treat patients affected by a wide range of neurological conditions including epilepsy. The unit is based in a dedicated building in Molloway House at Sligo Regional Hospital and is supported by Elan, the HSE and the hospital. A not-forprofit initiative, the Institute is modelled on the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Hospital and is being headed up by Dr Kevin Murphy, Consultant Neurologist. The NWNI will work with existing services in the region and plans to provide in time, a full range of neurology services including outpatient support, diagnostics, an information centre, complementary approaches and access to specialist nurses. http://bit.ly/1gaxPCW Fundraising - Upcoming Events Mini Marathon Book your place now at the next Epilepsy Ireland quiz night with Rick O’Shea. Call Ashley at 01 4557500 or [email protected]. Limited to 40 teams only. We’re looking forward to seeing all our mini-marathon supporters on Bank Holiday Monday June 2nd for the Flora Dublin Women’s Mini Marathon. Thank you to everyone who has registered including Rose of Tralee Haley O’Sullivan and RTE’s Blathnaid Treacy. We hope to see you all our participants at the Dandelion, St Stephens Green for refreshments after the race. Contact Glenna at 01 4557500 for further details. Church gate collections Payroll Giving A big thank you to everyone who takes the time to organise and take part in our collections and thank you also to everyone who responded to our recent request for volunteers. If you would like to volunteer in your own local area, we’d love to hear from you – contact Noeleen at 01 4557500 or check out upcoming collection dates on our website: Payroll giving is a great way to support your favourite charity as it provides a regular and reliable income to support the charity’s work. Epilepsy Ireland is working with two companies that promote payroll giving to companies in Ireland, and the schemes are open to anyone who wishes to make a monthly donation through a payroll deduction. For more information please contact Glenna at 01 4557500 or you can sign up at: www.givingonline.ie. Any donors received from this form are completely free of charge to us. For more information on the second provider please go to: Brainteaser Quiz Night http://bit.ly/1lHZS5R www.stcpayrollgiving.co.uk/sustain Thank you race in the Phoenix Park. Mick took part in the race in memory of his dear brother Matthew who died in 2012 and ran the 10k in a pair of runners that belonged to Matthew. Mick, along with his family and generous band of supporters who were behind him al the way raised over €3,000. Well done Mick and a big thanks to everyone who made a donation. Pictured with Mick are his wife Olivia and sons George & Oliver. Putting his best foot forward A special thank you to Mick Reilly who put his best foot forward in the recent 10k of the charities to support through their recent snooker tournament that pitted local club members against some of the top players in the country. Fermoy Snooker Club Thank you to William Hughes and everyone involved with Fermoy Snooker Club who chose Epilepsy Ireland as one 13 Thank you Wedding Congratulations Swimming for a mile Congratulations to Irene and Alan O’Brien who were married recently and chose to remember Alan’s later brother Peter with some of our roses and special cards for the tables. If your special day is coming up and you would like to make a contribution to Epilepsy Ireland in lieu of table favours, please get in touch with us at 01 4557500. Thank you to Eimear O’Mahony who completed the Swim-a-Mile challenge recently in 47 minutes 29 seconds, raising €520 for Epilepsy Ireland in the process. News & Events East region (Co’s Dublin, Kildare, Wicklow) Contact: Ina Murphy, Community Resource Officer, Epilepsy Ireland, 249 Crumlin Road, Dublin 12. Tel: 01 – 4557500. Email: imurphy@ epilepsy.ie. Office Hours: Mon & Tue, 10am - 6pm; Thur 1.30pm - 6pm Paul Sharkey, Training & Communications Manager gave a short presentation outlining Epilepsy Ireland services while Miriad Kavanagh, a member of Epilepsy Ireland gave her personal story from first diagnosis, her experience of epilepsy surgery and how her family has supported her. She also spoke of some of the difficulties she experienced in her working life when people discovered she had epilepsy. This is the third occasion that Epilepsy Ireland has taken part in the programme and the response from the audience of about 150 students was very positive. RCSI Patient Contact Programme In March Epilepsy Ireland took part once again in the Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland Patient Contact Programme designed to allow student doctors to meet patient support organisations and their members. 14 South east (Co’s Kilkenny, Carlow, Waterford, Wexford and South Tipperary) Contact: Joan Ryan, Community Resource Officer, Epilepsy Ireland, c/o HSE, St. Joseph’s, Waterford Rd, Kilkenny. Tel: 0567789904. Email: [email protected]. Office Hours: Mon, Tue, Wed 10am - 5.30pm; Thur 10am - 2pm Thank you to: • Expert Hardware and CRH for their recent donations • Helen McGrath and family for their generosity in donating €500 • Daniel Doona & the Beann Edair Bridge Club who made a fantastic donation of €900 recently. We really appreciate the very kind gesture. • Nell Conway, Noel Hennessy and all the staff at Lakeregion Medical in New Ross for choosing us as their Nominated Charity for 2014. We’re thrilled at being chosen and we look forward to working with you throughout the rest of the year. • Mary Kavanagh and family who donated €300 to Epilepsy Ireland in lieu of flowers following the death of her brother Thomas from SUDEP. Upcoming Events Kilkenny: Support Group Epilepsy Ireland Office, Kilkenny Tuesday May 20th and Tuesday June 24th, 7.30pm. Waterford: Support Group Cheshire Home, John’s Hill, Waterford Wednesday May 21st and Wednesday June 18th 7.30pm Please confirm with Joan if you intend going as dates listed are provisional. Midlands (Co’s Offaly, Laois, Westmeath & Longford) Contact: Margaret Bassett, Community Resource Officer, Epilepsy Ireland, c/o Carers Association, Market Square, Tullamore, Co. Offaly. Tel: 057 9346790. Email: mbassett@epilepsy. ie. Office Hours: Mon, Tue, Wed & Fri 10am - 2.30pm; Thur 9am - 5pm. Dermot Byrne, Margaret Bassett Midlands CRO, Joe Moran and Paddy Doheny who attended a very informative epilepsy evening seminar, with presentations by Sinead Murphy Community Epilepsy Specialist Nurse, Beaumont Hospital and Geraldine Dunne EI National Information Officer. Upcoming Events Tullamore: Parents Support Group Meeting OCIL Clonminch Rd Tullamore Tuesday May 29th, 7.00pm. Portlaoise: Epilepsy Information Stand During Rose of Tralee Regional Finals Heritage Hotel, Portlaoise May 29th; 30th; 31st Athlone: Outreach Services PWDI, Sean Costello St Thursday June 12th 10.30am -3.45pm Banagher: Outreach Service Venue TBC Thursday June 19th 10.30am – 4.00pm Portlaoise: Outreach Service CIC Main St Portlaoise Thursday June 26th 10.30am – 4.00pm Longford: Outreach Service CIC Longford Shopping Centre Thursday July 17th 10.30am – 4.00pm Outreach Service is by appointment only, phone Margaret for appointment Tullamore: Teachers Information Evening OCIL Clonminch Rd Tullamore Thursday September 18th 7.00pm Booking essential, phone Margaret western region (Co’s Galway, Mayo, Roscommon) Contact: Edel Killarney, Epilepsy Ireland, Westside Resource Centre, Seamus Quirke Rd, Westside, Galway, Tel: 091-587640. Email: ekillarney@ epilepsy.ie. Office Hours: Mon-Wed 8.30am 4.00 pm; Friday 9.00am - 1.00pm Roscommon: Support Group Meeting Cuan Aire Family Centre, Castlerea, Co. Roscommon Wednesday,May 21st 6.30 - 8.30 pm Guest Speaker Mr Francis Keenan will give a personal account of Living with Epilepsy. Clonbur: Youth Adventure Day Petersburg Outdoor Education Centre, Clonbur, Co. Galway Saturday June 28th For young people with epilepsy aged between 18 and 25 years For more information, contact Edel at Epilepsy Ireland Galway Tel: 091 587640. mid-west region (Co’s Limerick, Clare & North Tipperary) Contact: Anna Kelly, Community Resource Officer, Epilepsy Ireland, Social Service Centre. Henry St. Limerick. Tel: 061 – 313773. Email: [email protected]. Office Hours: Mon 9.30am - 5pm; Wed 9.30am - 5.30pm; Thur 12.30pm - 5pm; Fri 11.30am - 4pm. Killarney: Support and Information Evening For parents of children with epilepsy Epilepsy Ireland Office, Killarney Tuesday May 20th 10.30am Killarney: Support Group Epilepsy Ireland Office, Killarney Wednesday June 18th 11.00am Tralee: Rose of Tralee fundraising raffle Rose of Tralee Dome Tuesday August 19th Please contact Kathryn if you are available to sell raffle tickets at this event. Cork Address: Epilepsy Ireland, 35 Washington Street, Cork. Tel: 021 4274774 South Lee & West Cork: Niamh Jones, Community Resource Officer. Email: [email protected]. Office Hours: Mon & Tue 8am- 4.30pm; Wed & Thur 8am – 1pm. North Lee & North Cork: Mary Lawlor, Community Resource Officer. Email: [email protected]. Office Hours: Tue, Wed, Fri 9.30am -5.30pm; Thur 1.30pm - 5.30pm. Upcoming Events Upcoming Events Galway: Epilepsy Information Session For people with Epilepsy and Parents of Children with Epilepsy Westside Resource Centre, Seamus Quirke Road, Galway Tuesday May 20th 11.00am – 1.00pm Epilepsy Nurse Specialist will be in attendance. Refreshments will be provided. Roscommon: Outreach Service HSE PCCC Centre, Golf Links Road, Roscommon Wednesday May 21st 2.00pm - 5.00pm Outreach service is by appointment only, phone Edel for appointment. Upcoming Events Organisers of Limerick Wellness Day Wellness Day Conference, April 2014, (left to right): Billy Rice (Parkinson’s) Carol McKenzie (MS) Anna Kelly (Epilepsy Ireland) Alan O’Connell (ABI Limerick) Elisa O’Donovan (Headway) Kerry Contact: Kathryn Foley, Community Resource Officer, Epilepsy Ireland, 9/10 The Paddocks. Ballydowney, Killarney, Co. Kerry. Tel: 064 6630301. Email: [email protected] . Office Hours: Mon- Fri 9am - 2.30pm. Cork: Support Group for Parents of Children with Epilepsy Bishopstown GAA Club Wednesday May 7th 7.30pm Cork: Epilepsy Information Evening on Imperial Hotel, Cork Wednesday May 14th 7.30pm Guest Speaker will be Sinead Murphy, Clinical Nurse Specialist. There is no charge but places must be pre booked by contacting Niamh in the Cork office. University Hospital: Epilepsy Information Stand Cork University Hospital Tuesday May 20th 10.00am – 4.00pm North west (Co’s Donegal, Sligo & Leitrim) Contact: Agnes Mooney, Community Resource Officer, Epilepsy Ireland, Grand Central Complex, Floor 2B, Canal Road, Letterkenny, Co Donegal. Tel: 074 9168725. Sligo Office: Epilepsy Ireland, 2C Castle House, Castle Street, Sligo. Tel: 071 9141858. Email: [email protected]. Office Hours: Mon, Tue, Wed 9am - 5pm; Thur 9am - 1pm. Upcoming Events Sligo: Outreach Service Epilepsy Ireland Office, Sligo Tuesday May 13th and Wednesday May 21st 11.00am - 12.30pm Please call Agnes to make an appointment and to confirm your attendance: Sligo: Epilepsy For Everyone Clarion Hotel, Sligo Tuesday May 27th 7.30pm - 9.30pm Guest Speaker: Sinead Murphy, Community Epilepsy Specialist Nurse. This event is open to all people with epilepsy, their families, carers, and health professionals working with people with epilepsy. Sinead will also be available for one to one appointments in the Clarion Hotel. Wednesday 28th May 10.00am - 12.30pm Please call Agnes to make an appointment. Donegal: Paediatric Issues in Epilepsy Glenfin Room, Station House Hotel, Lower Main Street, Letterkenny. Friday June 13th Guest Speaker: Sue Crowley, Advanced Nurse Practitioner Candidate in Epilepsy, RNP, RCN, RNID, Children’s University Hospital, Temple Street, Dublin. 10.00am - 12.30pm for parents of children with epilepsy. 2.00pm - 4.30pm for Health Professionals. Places are limited so please call Agnes to book a place. 15 NEW Self Management Programme Be your own epilepsy expert Sharing Experiences Interactive Group Environment Peer Learning 12 Regional Locations THE PROGRAMME INCLUDES • • • • • • • Understanding self management Life with epilepsy Understanding medical care Managing seizure triggers Lifestyle and safety Using support systems Developing communication skills • • • • • • Managing emotions Understanding diet, exercise and sleep Stress management tools Building self confidence Managing negative thinking Future life planning LO C A L CO N TAC T D E TA I L S www.facebook.com/epilepsy.ie @epilepsyireland Email: [email protected] www.epilepsy.ie Head Office: (01) 4557500 CHY number: 6170
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