ASTM Consensus
Standards
The Latest in Packaging Testing
Presented by:
Dhuanne Dodrill
President
Rollprint Packaging Products, Inc.
ASTM Overview
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Established in 1898
Voluntary, Full-Consensus Standards
141 Technical Committees
12,000 Standards
Each standard is reviewed and balloted
every five years
ASTM Overview
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ASTM Standards consist of:
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Test Methods
Specifications
Practices
Guides
Terminology
ASTM Overview
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Test Methods must have a precision and bias
statement – Subjected to properly conducted Inter-Laboratory
Studies (ILS) that statistically determine repeatability and reproducibility
and demonstrate that the test method can be validated
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Formal Process that requires:
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Accuracy
Precision
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Repeatability (within lab precision)
Reproducibility (between lab precision)
Robustness or Ruggedness
Range and/or Limit of Detection
ASTM Committee F02
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F02: Flexible Barrier Packaging
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Focused on flexible barrier packaging including
component barrier materials, their properties, and
package design, development and production
Flexible is defined as any package with at least one
flexible component that can be bent or folded back upon
itself
Includes papers, nonwovens, plastic films, and metal
foils, used alone, treated or in various combinations
ASTM Committee F02
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6 subcommittees
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F02.10 Permeation
F02.15 Chemical/Safety Properties
F02.2 Physical Properties
F02.40 Package Integrity
F02.50 Package Design and Development
F02.90 Executive
F88 Seal Strength
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Tensile type seal strength test
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Uses constant rate-of-jaw separation testing equipment
Procedure
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1 inch wide test specimens are cut
Sealed area of the specimen is placed approximately
equidistance between the grips
Pulled apart with a grip separation rate of 8 to 12 inches/minute
Report:
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Peak value and/or average value
Mode of failure
F88 Seal Strength Testing
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Modes of Seal Failure
F88 Seal Strength Testing
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Interferences
F88 Seal Strength Testing
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Inter-Laboratory Study
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Involved 6 laboratories
14 models of test equipment from 8
manufactures
Studied the effect of technique
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Crosshead speed
Sample orientation
Tail orientation or “bending component” effects
F88 Seal Strength Testing
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Crosshead speed no effect on results
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Evaluated in the range of 8 to 12 inches/minute
F88 Seal Strength Testing
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Sample orientation with respect to the
moving crosshead has no effect on results
F88 Seal Strength Testing
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Tail orientation is important
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Impacts Seal Strength
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90° lowest value
180° highest value
Impacts Variation
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Unsupported least
180° most
Accelerated Aging and Climatic Stressing
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F1980 Accelerated Aging Guide
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Assumes the Arrhenius reaction rate function
applies to the chemical reactions involved in the
deterioration of materials
Hold package at elevated temperature and set
humidity
Used for establishing expiry dates
Accelerated Aging and Climatic Stressing
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Proposed Standard on Climatic Stressing
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Geared towards products that are shipped next day or 2day air
Current standards result in excessive or severe climatic
stressing and cause failures that would not occur in an
overnight/2-day distribution environment
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ASTM D4332
ISO 2233
ISTA Simulation Tests (3A)
Accelerated Aging and Climatic Stressing
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Proposed Standard on Climatic Stressing
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Based upon:
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Information on shipping, handling, and storage environments
Current industry practices
Published studies
Protocol
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Cold (-20°C at ambient humidity) for 4 hours
Hot/Dry (50°C and 25%RH) for 4 hours
Warm/Humid (30°C and 90% RH) for 4 hours
Return test specimens to ambient for 24 hours between
subjecting to subsequent climatic exposure
Integrity Testing
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Dye Penetration – Proposed Standard for
Detecting Leaks in Nonporous Packaging
„ Dye penetrant solution based on surface tension:
25 dynes/cm or less
„ Method A: evaluates seal integrity
Integrity Testing
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Dye Penetration – Proposed Standard for
Detecting Leaks in Nonporous Packaging
„ Dye penetrant solution based on surface tension:
25 dynes/cm or less
„ Method A: evaluates seal integrity
„ Method B: evaluates sheet integrity
Integrity Testing
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F2227: CO2 Tracer Gas
F2338: Vacuum Decay
F2391: Helium Tracer Gas
Proposed: Pressure Decay
Proposed: Airborne Ultrasound
Proposed: O2 Analysis Using Headspace
Sampling
F2097 Design Guide
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Compendium of commonly used test methods and
standards
Organized into eight categories
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Safety
Barrier
Durability
Package Integrity and Seal Strength
Visibility and Appearance
Processing
Printed Ink
Distribution
F2097 Design Guide
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Quick Reference Guide
Summary of each referenced
method
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Description
Applicability
How Used
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Compliance Testing
Characterization & Evaluation
ASTM Consensus Standards
Thank you
PRESENTED BY
Dhuanne Dodrill
President
Rollprint Packaging Products, Inc.
[email protected]
www.astm.org
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