JW, May 24, 2013
Information from collected literature for Niger to be used for crop
modelling for Niger
A. Crop calendar, TSUM, sowing date and growth duration
FAO crop calendars for Maize / Sorghum / Millet/ Wheat / Rice
Administrative areas
(agro-ecology)
Crop
Agadez Region: Arlit,
Bilma,Tchirozérine Divisions,
Agadez municipality; Tahou
Region: Tchintabaraden and
Abalack Divisions; Zinder
Region: North Gouré Division;
Diffa Region: N'Guigmi
Division (Desert Sahara zone)
Tahoua Region: Tahoua, Keita,
Bouza, North Illéla Divisions.
Tillabéri Region: North
Filingué, Ouallam, Tillabéri and
Téra Divisions. Maradi Region:
North and Centre Dakoro
Division, North Mayahi and
North Tessaoua Divisions.
Zinder Region: Tanout, North
(Sahel Sahara zone)
Idem (Sahel Sahara zone)
Idem (Sahel Sahara zone)
Tillabéri Region: South Say;
Division; Dosso Region: Gaya
Division; Maradi Region: South
Madarounfa; Division; Zinder
Region: South Matamèye and
Magaria Divisions (Sahel
Sudan zone)
Idem (Sahel Sudan zone)
Idem (Sahel Sudan zone)
Planting
- onset
Planting
- end
Sowing
rate
(kg/ha)
Growth
duration
Harve Harve
sting - sting onset end
Wheat,
common
01/11
30/11
100
90-100
days
01/01
31/01
Millet,
pearl
01/07
31/07
4-5
70-90
days
15/09
15/10
Sorghum
01/07
31/07
3-5
15/10
15/11
Wheat,
common
Maize
01/11
30/11
100
01/02
15/03
Irrigated
crop
15/11
31/12
20-35
80-100
days
90-100
days
80-100
days
01/03
15/04
Rainfed
01/07
31/07
20-35
01/10
15/10
15/05
30/06
4-5
01/09
30/09
01/06
30/06
35-60
01/10
31/10
01/07
31/07
50-80
80-100
days
90-120
days
125-130
days
120-130
days
15/10
31/10
80-140
days
90-100
days
15/10
15/12
01/02
15/03
Maize
Additio
nal
information
Idem (Sahel Sudan zone)
Millet,
pearl
Rice
Idem (Sahel Sudan zone)
Rice
Idem (Sahel Sudan zone)
Sorghum
15/05
15/07
5-6
Idem (Sahel Sudan zone)
Wheat,
common
01/11
30/11
100
Irrigated
crop
Recessi
onal
crop
1
Diffa Region: South Diffa and
South Maïné Soroa Divisions;
Zinder Region: Matamèye,
Magaria, South Gouré and
Mirriah Centre and South
Divisions. Maradi Region:
Tessaoua, Aguié, Guidan
Roumdji, Madarounfa, South
Mayahi, Sud Dakoro;
Divisions; Tahoua
Region (Sahel zone)
Idem (Sahel zone)
Maize
Irrigated
crop
15/11
31/12
20-35
80-100
days
15/03
15/04
Maize
Rainfed
01/07
31/07
20-35
01/10
31/10
Idem (Sahel zone)
15/06
15/07
4-5
15/09
30/09
Idem (Sahel zone)
Millet,
pearl
Rice
01/06
30/06
35-60
01/10
31/10
Idem (Sahel zone)
Rice
01/07
31/07
50-80
80-100
days
70-110
days
125-130
days
125-140
days
15/10
15/11
Idem (Sahel zone)
Sorghum
01/06
31/07
3-5
01/11
30/11
Idem
Wheat,
common
01/11
30/11
100
80-140
days
90-100
days
01/02
15/03
(Sahel zone)
Irrigated
crop
Recessi
onal
crop
Crop calendar and management form for maize, sorghum, rice, wheat and millet in Niger
as compiled by Agali Alhassane
Locati
on
Crop
rotation
Crop
cycle
Water
regime
Actu
al
yield
(ton/
ha)
Actual
sowing
date
Optimal
sowing
date
Cultivar /
Days from
sowing to
physiol.
maturity
Plant
density
actual
Plant
density
optimal
Dosso
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
Pearl
millet
Sorghum
rainfed
0.570
22-jun
30,000
0.443
30-jun
75,000
45,000
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
rainfed
0.569
10-jun
from 01-jun
40,000
30,000
rainfed
0.399
15-jul
10-jun
62,000
30,000
rainfed
0.616
30-jun
21,000
30,000
rainfed
0.499
from 20 to
30-may
10-jun
Haini Kirey
local / 80
Sokombo
local / 80
Haini Kirey
local / 75
Haini Kirey
local / 75
HKP /75
40,000
rainfed
from 20may
from 01-jun
1-jun
HKP / 85
20,000
30,000
rainfed
0.371
From 15jun
1-jun
42,000
13,500
Mirriah
single
crop
Pearl
millet
rainfed
0.402
from 25jun
1-jun
25,000
20,000
Diffa
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
single
crop
Double
crop (
sorghum-
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
Pearl
millet
Sorghum
rainfed
0.344
from 01-jul
104,000
104,000
rainfed
0.797
20,000
30,000
rainfed
0.337
31,505
30,000
rainfed
0.456
from 20jul
from 15may
from 15jun
20-jun
50,000
30,000
partially
irrigated
1.5
Baangouré(l
ocal variety)
/ 85
Baangouré(l
ocal variety)
/ 80
Moro(local
variety) / 55
Zongo(local
variety) / 80
Haini Kirey
local / 85
Haini Kirey
local / 90
El tsédawa /
65
70,000
50,000
Dosso
Konni
Tahoua
Maradi
Tessaou
a
Zinder
Gaya
Tillabér
i
Niamey
Konni
from 15jul
2
from 15 to
30-may
From 01-jul
from 01 to
30-jun
from 01-jul
maize)
Konni
Konni
Konni
Konni
Konni
Maradi
Maradi
Maradi
Gaya
Gaya
Tillabér
i
Tillabér
i
Niamey
Niamey
Double
crop
(sorghum
-maize)
Double
crop
(sorghum
-maize)
Double
crop
(sorghum
-maize)
Double
crop
(sorghum
-maize)
Double
crop
(sorghum
-maize)
Triple
crop(mai
ze-maizebread
wheat)
Triple
crop(mai
ze-maizebread
wheat)
Triple
crop(mai
ze-maizebread
wheat)
Double
crop(ricerice)
Double
crop(ricerice)
Double
crop(ricerice)
Double
crop(ricerice)
Double
crop(ricerice)
Double
crop(ricerice)
Maize
irrigated
3
from 16nov
20-nov
P3 Kollo /
70
75,000
60,000
Sorghum
partially
irrigated
3
from 01jul
20-jun
El tsédawa /
110
70,000
60,000
Maize
irrigated
2
from 01jan
15-nov
P3 Kollo /
70
80,000
100,000
Sorghum
partially
irrigated
0.7
1-jul
20-jun
Djindjaré /
65
70,000
50,000
Maize
irrigated
1
1-jan
15-nov
P3 Kollo /
70
75,000
60,000
Maize
partially
irrigated
1.5
from 01jun
1-jun
P3 Kollo
/85
93,000
166,000
Maize
irrigated
1.5
15-okt
15-okt
P3 Kollo /
85
93,000
166,000
Bread
wheat
irrigated
1.1
15-feb
15-feb
El Kodarawa / 85
Rice
irrigated
4.7
from 01 to
15-feb
1-feb
Gambiaka
/120
750,000
750,000
Rice
partially
irrigated
4.1
from 01 to
30-jul
from 01-jul
Gambiaka /
100
750,000
750,000
Rice
irrigated
4.5
from 01 to
15-feb
1-feb
Gambiaka /
120
750,000
750,000
Rice
partially
irrigated
4.3
from 01 to
30-jul
from 01-jul
Gambiaka /
100
750,000
750,000
Rice
irrigated
4.6
from 01 to
15-feb
1-feb
Gambiaka /
120
750,000
750,000
Rice
partially
irrigated
4.2
from 01 to
30-jul
from 01-jul
Gambiaka /
100
750,000
750,000
From Using the CROPWAT model to analyse the effects of climate change on rainfed
crops in Niger by CEEPA, 2006
3
B. Yields and Total biomass in experiments
Maize
From Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on maize in a Sahelian environment I. Grain
yield and yield components by Pandey et al., 2000
4
5
Millet
From Use of the APSIM model in long term simulation to support decision making
regarding nitrogen management for pearl millet in the Sahel by Akponikpe et al., 2010
6
From Impact of climate change on agricultural production in the Sahel – Part 1.
Methodological aproach and case study for millet in Niger by Ben Mohamed et al., 2002
7
8
From Rotation and nitrogen fertilizer effects on pearl millet, cowpea and groundnut yield
and soil chemical properties in a sandy soil in the semi-arid tropics, West Africa by Bationo
and Ntare, 2000
9
From Plant density and nitrogen fertilizer effects on pearl millet production in Niger, by
Bationo et al., 1990
10
11
From farm-level evaluation of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use and planting density
for pearl millet production in Niger by Bationo et al., 1992
12
13
From The effect of crop residue and fertilizer use on pearl millet yields in Niger by Bationo
et al., 1993
From The effect of soil tillage and fertilizer use on pearl millet yields in Niger by
Christanson et al., 1990a
14
15
16
From Fate and efficiency of N fertilizers applied to pearl millet in Niger by Christianson et
al., 1990b
17
18
From Effect of planting technique and amendment type on pearl millet yield, nutrient
uptake, and water use on degraded land in Niger by Fatondji et al., 2006
19
20
21
From Effects of primary tillage and soil amendment practices on pearl millet yield and
nutrient uptake in the Sahel of West Africa by Ikpe et al., 1999
22
23
From Managing Yield and Water Use of Pearl Millet in the Sahel by Payne, 1997
24
25
26
27
28
From Urine effects on soil chemical properties and the impact of urine and dung on pearl
millet yield, by Powell et al., 1998
29
30
From Phosphorus seed coating increases phosphorus uptake, early growth and yield of
pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) grown on an acid sandy soil in Niger, West
Africa, by Rebafka et al., 1993
From Short- and long-term effects of crop residues and of phosphorus fertilization on pearl
millet yield on an acid sandy soil in Niger, West Africa, by Rebafka et al., 1994
31
32
From Trend and stability analyses of millet yields treated with fertilizer and crop residues
in the Sahel by Yamoah et al., 2002
Sorghum
From Interactions of water, mulch and nitrogen on sorghum in Niger by Zaongo et al.,
1997
33
Cereal and other crops
From Alleviating soil fertility constraints to food production in West Africa: Efficiency of
nitrogen fertilizers applied to food crops by Christanson and Vlek, 1991
34
35
From Nitrogen fertilizer response and use efficiency for three cereal crops in Niger, by
Pandey et al., 2001
36
37
38
39
From Agriculture Intensification and Ecologically Sustainable Land Use in Niger: A Case
Study of Evolution of Intensive Systems with Supplementary Irrigation by Pandey et al.,
2002
40
41
42
43
C. Crop growth pattern over time, Harvest index, LAI and other detailed
crop info
Maize
None
Millet
From Millet response to water and soil fertility management in the Sahelian Niger :
experiments and modeling by Akponikpe (PhD-thesis), 2009
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
From Millet growth in wind-break-shielded fields in the Sahel - Experiment and model, by
Mayus (Ph.D.-thesis)
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
From On-farm yield and water use response of pearl millet to different management
practices in Niger, by Manyame (Ph.D.-thesis), 2006
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
From Optimizing Crop Water Use in Sparse Stands of Pearl Millet by Payne, 2000
70
71
From Effect of the timing of water deficit on growth, phenology and yield of pearl millet
(Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) grown in Sahelian conditions, by Winkel et al., 1997
Complete crop emergence occurred on 15 February and plants were thinned to a population of
3 plants m~2 at 15 DAE -> so, results per plant to be multiplied with 30.000 to get outcomes
per ha and to be multiplied with 30 to translate g/plant to kg/ha
Water regimes consisted of four treatments, a control irrigated throughout the study, and three
stress treatments in which irrigation was withheld prior to flowering (from 30—45 DAE,
treatment S30), during early flowering (45-60 DAE, treatment S45) and late flowering (60-75
DAE, treatment S60). Irrigation was applied by microsprinklers at a spacing of 1 x 1 m. Water
applications were the same for all treatments except during the deficit periods. The control
regime approximately simulated the natural rainfall regime of the region of Tanout, with a
gradual increase of irrigation frequency and amount until flowering, and a tapering off
towards the end of the season (Fig. 1).
72
73
Sorghum
None
74