Patio
BROODING FOR ROBUSTNESS
Lotte van de Ven
Research & Development, Vencomatic
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen
University
Patio
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•
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Background
Patio: the concept
Brooding for
Robustness
Hatchery
Farmer
Current hatchery practice
Current hatchery practice
• Removal of chicks
from the hatcher
after 21 days 12
hours
• Chicks hatch over a
time window of 24-40
hours
Study of Tona et al., 2003 using Cobb eggs
Current hatchery practice
A broiler spents the first
5% of its’ life before
placement in the farm
Current hatchery practice
effects of climate
• Suboptimal post hatch growth
Leksrisompong et al., 2009. North Caroline State University, USA.
Poultry Science 88:1321-1329.
Current hatchery practice
effects of delayed feed access
• Up to 8% weight loss in 24 hours
Study of Careghi et al., 2005 using Cobb eggs.
Poultry Science 84:1314-1320
Current hatchery practice
effects of delayed feed access
• Suboptimal development of immune system
Study of Dibner et al., 1998, using broiler chicks.
Journal of Applied Poultry Science 7:425-436
Current hatchery practice
effects of delayed feed access
• Suboptimal development of digestive system
Study of Bigot et al., 2003. Poultry Science 82:781-788.
Current hatchery practice
effects of delayed feed access
• Suboptimal ability to control body temperature
Study of Van den Brand et al., 2010 using Hybro chicks.
Poultry Science 89:716-720
The brooding phase
decisive to later performance
Current broiler production
climate & litter control
• Suboptimal climate effectiveness
Current broiler production
antibiotics
• Risk for drug resistance
Current broiler production
labor
Placement of day olds
Manual harvesting:
• Labor requirements
10,000 broilers / person =
25,000 kg / person / shift
Dust, ammonia, night work
Broiler production
future challenges
Energy
Climate control
Qualified
personnel
Land
Infectious
diseases
Delayed feed
access
Genetics
Animal welfare
Overheating
Use of
antibiotics
Patio, the concept
Patio
the concept
Objective:
To produce robust broilers in a sustainable way
Robustness
“capacity to withstand stresses, pressures, or
changes in circumstances”
Patio
the concept
Objective:
Produce healthy broilers in a sustainable
way
How?
1. Controlled environment at bird level, from
the moment of hatching
2. Less dependent from external factors:
climate, labour, resources
Patio, the concept
Combine hatching & brooding
Hatchery
Patio system
Incubation d 1-18
Incubation d 1-18
Transfer & candling
Transfer & candling
Hatching of chicks
d 18-21
Transport of eggs
to broiler house
Transport to broiler
house
Hatching of chicks
d 18-21
Patio, the concept
Combine hatching & brooding
Patio, the concept
Combine hatching & brooding
Patio, the concept
multiple levels
1. Climate control
2. Energy savings
3. Automation of procedures
4. Land use
Patio, the concept
Climate control at bird level
Patio, the concept
multiple levels
1. Climate control
2. Energy savings
3. Automation of procedures
4. Land use
Patio, the concept
Automation of basic procedures
Patio, the concept
multiple levels
1. Climate control
2. Energy savings
3. Automation of procedures
4. Land use
Patio, results & possibilities
Hatchery
Farmer
Patio, results
hatchability
Farm
#
trials
# eggs
Breed
Hatchability
Patio (%)
Hatchability
control* (%)
Difference
Spelderholt
9
415,820
Ross 308/
507/708
96.07%
94.62%
1.44%
Sint
Annaland
KempenKip
28
505,205
Ross 308
97.24%
95.52%
1.72%
23
517,698
Ross 308 /
Cobb 500
95.35%
93.50%
1.84%
Total
60
1,438,723
96.17%
94.55%
1.67%
* Hatchability is calculated after removal of bad quality chicks.
Patio, results
7-day mortality
7 -d mortality including culls
2,0%
Dutch average
Mort alit y
1,5%
(Yassin et al., 2009)
1,0%
Patio average
0,5%
0,0%
29
29
32
33
34
40
41
42
43
44
44
Age parent flock (wks)
Study of Yassin et al., 2009. Poultry Science 88:798-804.
44
44
47
53
54
Patio, results
Climate conditions
Patio, results
Weight day 0
Average of 21 cycles: 14.9% more weight at day 0 (6.3 g)
Patio, results
Less risk for cross contamination
• No air movement
• No contact between birds and hatchery employees
• No hatchery automation
• No chick transport
• Less risk for cross contamination
Furuta and Maruyama, 1981. British Poultry Science 22:247-254
Patio, results
a different start
Hatcher
Patio
37-38ºC
50-60%
High / variable
1 liter per egg
Max 0.6-0.8%
35ºC
35-40%
Stand still (<0.2 m/s)
34 liter per egg
0.1%
2. Feed/water access

1-2 days after hatch


Immediately after
hatch
3. Egg position

Horizontal

Vertical


Off
Fans / machines


On
Quiet


Chick transport
Excludes second grades


Egg transport
Includes 2nd grades
1. Climate:





Temperature
Relative Humidity
Air speed
Air volume
CO2 level
4. Other conditions:
 Light
 Noise
5. Standard procedures
Transport / handling
2nd grade chicks
Patio, results
a different start, a different finish
• 1 day ahead
70-90 g more weight at processing
Patio, results
a different start, a different finish
Floor house: 0.33%
Patio: 0.21%
• Reduction in DOA and rejection rates
Floor house: 1.43%
Patio: 0.33%
Patio, results
a different start, a different finish
Patio, field results
a different start, a different finish
Cycle
Breed
Parent age
Processing age
Processing weight
Growth/day
FCR
Mortality
(incl. hatchery culls)
1
Cobb500
37 wk
35 d
1.93 kg
53.8 g
1.65
3.8 %
2
Cobb500
53 wk
36 d
1.95 kg
53.8 g
1.72
2.0 %
3
Ross30
46 wk
8
35 d
2.08 kg
58.2 g
1.54
4.6 %
4
Ross308
41 wk
38 d
2.45 kg
63.1 g
1.58
3.3 %
Results without
use of antibiotics
5
Ross308
43 wk
42 d
2.70 kg
62.2 g
1.67
3.5%
Patio, field results
economics
TRADITIONAL HOUSE
Fertile hatching eggs
100.000
PATIO
100.000
DOC’s1
94.550
94.6% hatch
96.170
96.2% hatch
Broilers at processing2
90.768
4% mortality
92.804
3.5% mortality
0.3% DOA
92.618
0.2% DOA
1.4% rejection
92.341
0.3% rejection
• + 3.1%
% DOA3broilers processed
90.496
% Rejection rate3
Delta
1Based
on 60 flocks
on 17 reference flocks
3Based on 5 reference flocks
2Based
89.229
+ 3.112
broilers
Patio,
Brooding for Robustness
• 3.1% decrease in broiler losses
• 50% decrease in energy for heating
• 2.8 x more efficient land use
• Decrease in medicine use
• Highly automated processes
Thank you!
www.vencomatic.com
[email protected]