David Crystal
Evolving English
One language, amny voices
An illustrated history of the English language
Introduction
1 English Comes of Age
Runic Inscriptions
Vespasian Psalter
Franks Casket
King Alfred, Will
'Battle of Brunanburh'
Beowulf
Anglo-Saxon
Chronicle
Winchester Liber Vitae
Kentish Homilies
Orrmulum
'Sumer is icumen in'
John of Trevisa, Polychronicon
Sir Gawayne and the Grene Knight
Hoccleve, The Regiment of Princes
Henry V, Letter
2 Setting the Standard
Chaucer, Prologue to The Canterbury Tales
Wycliffe, Bible
Caxton, Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye
Tyndale, Bible
Coverdale, Psalms
Book of Common Prayer
Hart, An Orthographie
Mulcaster, The Elementarie
Bullokar, Pamphlet for Grammar
The Booke of Sir Thomas More
Shakespeare, Richard HI Quarto
Shakespeare, Richard III Folio
King James Bible
Cawdrey, A Table Alphabeticall
Jonson, English Grammar
Swift, A Proposal
Johnson, Л Dictionary of the English Language
Sheridan, Lectures on Elocution
Lowth, English Grammar
Walker, Pronouncing Dictionary
Murray, English Grammar
Alford, A Plea for the Queens English
Oxford English Dictionary
Usage Guides
BBC, Broadcast English
10
12
13
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
30
31
32
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
42
43
44
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
5-1
55
56
57
Carroll, Alices Adventures Under Ground
Artemus Ward in London
Bombaugh, Gleanings from the Harvest-fields of Literature
Dobson, Literary Frivolities
Punch's Almanack
Cummings, 'Post Impressions X I V
Johnson, Albert Angelo
Silver, Laugh Out Loud
6 Accents and Dialects
Lindisfarne Gospels
Michael, Ayenbite of Inwit
Chaucer, The Reeve's Tale
Hardyng (Chronicle); James VI, (The Lord's Prayer)
The Kalendayr of the Shyppars
Caxton, Prologue to Eneydos
Deloney, The Pleasant History of John Winchcomb
Ray, A Collection of English Words
Burns, 'To a Louse
The Yorkshire Garland
Dickens, The Pickwick Papers
Barnes, 'Jenny's Ribbons'
Poor Letter H
Wright, Dialect Dictionary
Lawrence, 'The Collier's Wife'
Dictionary of American Regional English, Volume 1
7 English Around the World
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
Stiff, The Milk and Honey Route
Tutuola, The Palm-Wine Drinkard
Njoku, How to Write Love Letters
Levi, Kuk Buk
Agard, 'Listen Mr Oxford don'
138
140
141
142
113
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
Acknowledgements
Further Reading
Index
157
157
158
Smith, A True Relation
East India Company, Cargo List
The Barbados Gazette
Hicky's Bengal Gazette
Webster, Compendious Dictionary
Leland, Notes
Schreiner, The Story of an African Farm
Yule & Coke Burnell, Hobson-Jobson
Wright, Baboo English as 'tis Writ
Morris, Austral English
A Loyal Acrostic
Plaatje, Mhudi
Carroll, Alices Adventures Under Ground
Artemus Ward in London
Bombaugh, Gleanings from the Harvest-fields
of
Literature
112
113
114
Dobson, Literary Frivolities
Punch's Almanack
Cummings, 'Post Impressions X I V
115
116
117
Johnson, Albert Angelo
Silver, Laugh Out Loud
118
119
6 Accents and Dialects
Lindisfarne Gospels
120
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
Michael,
Ayenbite
Inwit
Chaucer, The Reeve's Tale
Hardyng (Chronicle); James VI, (The Lord's Prayer)
The Kalendayr of the Shyppars
Caxton, Prologue to Eneydos
Deloney, The Pleasant History of John Winchcomb
Ray, A Collection of English Words
Burns, 'To a Louse'
The Yorkshire Garland
Dickens, 'The Pickwick Papers
Barnes, 'Jenny's Ribbons'
Poor Letter H
Wright, Dialect Dictionary
Lawrence, 'The Collier's Wife'
Dictionary of American Regional English, Volume 1
7 English Around the World
Agard, 'Listen Mr Oxford don'
138
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
Acknowledgements
Further Reading
Index
157
157
158
Smith, A True Relation
East India Company, Cargo List
The Barbados Gazette
Hicky's Bengal Gazette
Webster, Compendious Dictionary
Leland, Notes
Schreiner, The Story of an African Farm
Yule & Coke Burnell, Hobson-Jobson
Wright, Baboo English as 'tis Writ
Morris, Austral English
A Loyal Acrostic
Plaatje, Mhudi
Stiff, The Milk and Honey Route
Tutuola, The Palm-Wine Drinkard
Njoku, How to Write Love Letters
Levi, Kuk Buk