Molds
Douglas Wilkin, Ph.D.
Jean Brainard, Ph.D.
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Printed: November 12, 2012
AUTHORS
Douglas Wilkin, Ph.D.
Jean Brainard, Ph.D.
www.ck12.org
C ONCEPT
Concept 1. Molds
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Molds
• Identify types of fungus-like protists.
What grows just about anywhere there is decaying material?
Mold. This slime mold, shown growing on dead wood, is a fungus-like protist. Though this mold does not have a
mouth, essentially it is still "eating" this decaying material.
Fungus-Like Protists: Molds
Fungus-like protists are molds. They are absorptive feeders on decaying organic matter. They resemble fungi, and
they reproduce with spores as fungi do. However, in other ways, they are quite different from fungi and more like
other protists. For example, they have cell walls made of cellulose, whereas fungi have cell walls made of chitin.
Like other protists, they have complicated life cycles with both asexual and sexual reproduction. They are motile
during some stages of their life cycle. Two major types of fungus-like protists are slime molds and water molds.
Slime Molds
Slime molds are fungus-like protists commonly found on rotting logs and compost. They move very slowly in
search of decaying matter to eat. When food is scarce, individual cells swarm together to form a blob-like mass,
like the “dog vomit” slime mold in the Figure 1.1. The mass glides along on its own secretions, engulfing decaying
organic matter as it moves over it.
There are two types of slime molds when it comes to how they swarm: acellular and cellular.
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FIGURE 1.1
“Dog Vomit” Slime Mold. This slime mold
looks like its name.
• When acellular slime molds swarm, they fuse together to form a single cell with many nuclei.
• When cellular slime molds swarm, they remain as distinct cells.
Cellular slime molds are used as model organisms in molecular biology and genetics. They may be the key to how
multicellular organisms evolved. Can you explain why?
Water Molds
Water molds are commonly found in moist soil and surface water. Many are plant pathogens that destroy crops.
They infect plants such as grapes, lettuce, corn, and potatoes. Some water molds are parasites of fish and other
aquatic organisms, such as the mold in Figure 1.2.
FIGURE 1.2
Water mold is growing on this fly larva.
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Concept 1. Molds
Summary
• Fungus-like protists are molds.
• Molds are absorptive feeders, found on decaying organic matter. They resemble fungi and reproduce with
spores as fungi do.
• Examples of fungus-like protists include slime molds and water molds.
Practice
Use this resource to answer the questions that follow.
• http://www.hippocampus.org/Biology → Biology for AP* → Search: Funguslike Protists
1.
2.
3.
4.
How do water molds obtain nutrients?
Describe a plasmodium.
Describe cellular slime molds.
What is a sporangiophore?
Review
1. How are fungus-like protists similar to fungi? What is one way they are different?
2. Why might cellular slime molds, but not acellular slime molds, be the key to how multicellular organisms evolved?
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