¡  Organic Compounds = Macromolecules OR Carbon Compounds ¡  Carbon-­‐based molecules that make up our bodies ¡  Our bodies can build these molecules, but we need to get the building blocks (monomers) from other sources like food! 4 Types of Organic Compounds 1.  Carbohydrates a.  Simple Carb (ex. Sugar/Glucose) b.  Complex Carb (ex. Starch) 2.  Proteins 3.  Lipids 4.  Nucleic Acids Why are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and
nucleic acids necessary for our survival?
Organic Compounds
Carbohydrates (Simple)
Structure
Function
STRUCTURE §  Made up of C, H, & O §  Monomer: N/A FUNCTION ¡  Immediate energy ¡  Examples: glucose, sucrose (table sugar), lactose ¡  Where do you get them? fruit, candy, soda, cake, donuts STRUCTURE §  Made up of C, H, O FUNCTION ¡ 
Store and release energy when needed. ¡ 
Examples: Starch, glycogen and cellulose (storage molecule in plants) ¡ 
Where do you get them? pasta, grains, cereal §  Monomer: Glucose STRUCTURE FUNCTION §  Made up of C, H, O, N,S ¡ 
Depends on the protein! §  Monomer: Amino Acids ¡ 
Examples: ¡ 
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Hemoglobin-­‐transport O2 Collagen-­‐structure for cells Lactase-­‐enzyme (helps lactose digestion go faster) Melanin-­‐determines color of skin and eyes Where do you get them? cheese, eggs, yogurt, meat STRUCTURE §  Made up of C, H, O, P §  Monomer: N/A FUNCTION ¡  Some lipids are used for long-­‐term energy storage. ¡  Other lipids make up the cell membrane. ¡  Non-­‐polar (Does not mix with water). ¡  Examples: ¡  phospholipids, saturated and unsaturated fats ¡ 
Where do you get them? butter, oil, bacon grease STRUCTURE §  Made up of C, H, O, N, P §  Monomer: nucleotide FUNCTION ¡  Genetic material Examples: ¡  DNA or RNA ¡  Where do you get them? Original Code is passed on from parents the materials are from all foods you eat ¡ 
Carbohydrates
Simple:
Lipids
Complex:
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Carbs
Simple:
Monomer –
Function –
Examples –
Complex:
Monomer –
Function –
Examples –
Proteins
Explain how the shape of
this molecule is essential for
it to function.
Lipids
Monomer –
Function –
Examples –
Nucleic Acids
Monomer –
Monomer –
Function –
Function –
Examples –
Examples –
}  Now, use the readings to answer the following question for EACH organic compound. }  Explain how the shape of this molecule is essential for it to function. }  Use pictures and COLOR!