A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of BLACK STUDIES RESEARCH SOURCES Microfilms from Major Archival and Manuscript Collections General Editors: John H. Bracey, Jr., Sharon Harley, and August Meier PAPERS OF THE NAACP Part 25 Branch Department Files Series C: Branch Newsletters and Printed Materials, 1956–1965 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of BLACK STUDIES RESEARCH SOURCES Microfilms from Major Archival and Manuscript Collections General Editors: John H. Bracey, Jr., Sharon Harley, and August Meier PAPERS OF THE NAACP Part 25: Branch Department Files Series C: Branch Newsletters and Printed Materials, 1956–1965 Edited by John H. Bracey, Jr. and Sharon Harley Project Coordinator Randolph Boehm Guide compiled by Daniel Lewis A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of LexisNexis Academic & Library Solutions 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Papers of the NAACP. [microform] Accompanied by printed reel guides. Contents: pt. 1. Meetings of the Board of Directors, records of annual conferences, major speeches, and special reports, 1909–1950 / editorial adviser, August Meier; edited by Mark Fox—pt. 2. Personal correspondence of selected NAACP officials, 1919–1939 —[etc.]—pt. 25. Branch Department Files.—[etc.]—pt. 27. Selected Branch Files, 1956–1965. 1. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People—Archives. 2. Afro-Americans—Civil Rights—History—20th century—Sources. 3. AfroAmericans—History—1877–1964—Sources. 4. United States—Race relations—Sources. I. Meier, August, 1923– . II. Boehm, Randolph. III. Title. E185.61 [Microfilm] 973′.0496073 86-892185 ISBN 1-55655-832-5 (microfilm: pt. 25, series C) Copyright © 2001 by University Publications of America. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-832-5. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope and Content Note .......................................................................................................... vii Source Note .............................................................................................................................. xi Editorial Note ........................................................................................................................... xi Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................... xiii Reel Index Group III, Series I, Printed Matter Reel 1 Directories Group III, Box I-3 Branch Directories, August 1957–1962 ........................................................................... 1 Group III, Box I-4 Branch Directories, 1962–1964 ....................................................................................... 1 Branch Directory, Key NAACP Branches ........................................................................ 1 Reel 2 Handbooks and Manuals Group III, Box I-4 cont. Southeast Regional Office, 1961–1965 ........................................................................... 1 West Coast Region, [1956–1963] .................................................................................... 2 Newsletters, Branches Group III, Box I-5 Anchorage, Alaska, 1957–1959 ...................................................................................... Arkansas [State Conference], 1961 ................................................................................ Arizona [Maricopa County, Tucson, Yuma], 1956–1965 ................................................. California, Berkeley–Orange County [Berkeley, Compton, Los Angeles, Monterey Peninsula, Oakland, Orange County], 1956–1965 ...................................................... California, “P” [Palo Alto–Stanford, Pasadena], 1956–1965 ............................................ 2 2 2 2 2 Reel 3 Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-5 cont. California, “R” [Richmond], 1956–1965 ............................................................................ Group III, Box I-6 California, “S”–“V” [Sacramento, San Fernando Valley, San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Barbara, Santa Monica–Venice, Santa Rosa, Vallejo], 1956–1965 .................. Colorado [Colorado Springs], 1961 .................................................................................. Connecticut [Bridgeport, New Haven, New London, Norwalk], 1956–1964 ...................... District of Columbia, 1960–1961 ..................................................................................... Delaware [Wilmington], 1958–1962 ................................................................................. Florida [State Conference, Tampa], 1958–1963 .............................................................. Georgia [State Conference], 1959 ................................................................................... Illinois, Chicago, 1956–1964 ........................................................................................... iii 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Group III, Box I-7 Illinois, Danville–State Conference [Danville, Galesburg, Joliet, Lincoln, University of Illinois, Illinois State Conference], 1956–1964 ........................................................ 4 Indiana [Greater Lafayette, Terre Haute, Indiana State Conference], 1960–1965 ............ 4 Iowa [Des Moines, Fort Madison], 1956–1965 ................................................................ 4 Reel 4 Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-7 cont. Kansas [Topeka, Kansas State Conference], 1958–1965 ............................................... Louisiana [New Orleans], 1956–1965 .............................................................................. Maine [Portland], 1965 .................................................................................................... Maryland [Anne Arundel County, Howard County, Montgomery County], 1962–1963, 1965 ........................................................................................................................... Massachusetts [Berkshire County, Boston, South Middlesex, South Shore], 1960– 1965 ........................................................................................................................... Michigan [Cass County, Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Inkster, Lake County, Lansing, Muskegon, River Rouge–Ecorse, Ypsilanti], 1958–1962 ............................................ Minnesota [St. Paul], 1957–1962 .................................................................................... Mississippi [Coahoma County, Mississippi State Conference], 1959–1965 .................... Group III, Box I-8 Missouri [St. Louis, Missouri State Conference], 1957–1965 .......................................... 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 Reel 5 Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-8 cont. Nevada [Las Vegas, Reno-Sparks], 1958–1962 .............................................................. New Jersey [Camden, Elizabeth, Gloucester County, Montclair, Morris County, New Brunswick, Paterson, Plainfield, Roselle, Somerville, Trenton], 1958–1965 ....... New York, “A”–“B” [Astoria, Long Island; Bay Shore–Islip; Bronx; Brooklyn], 1956– 1964 ........................................................................................................................... New York, “C” [Corona–East Elmhurst], 1956–1957 ....................................................... Group III, Box I-9 New York, “D”–“I” [Flushing, Freeport-Roosevelt, Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington–Roslyn, Greenwich Village–Chelsea], 1956–1964 ................................... 6 6 6 6 7 Reel 6 Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-9 cont. New York, Central Long Island, 1956–1963 .................................................................... 7 New York, “J”–“L” [Jamaica, Lakeview], 1956–1965 ....................................................... 8 Reel 7 Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-10 New York, “N” [New Rochelle, New York City, Nyack], 1956–1964 ................................. New York, Rochester, 1958–1963 ................................................................................... New York, “S”–“Z” [Spring Valley, Williamsbridge], 1956–1965 ....................................... New York, Schenectady, 1956–1965 .............................................................................. New York State Conference, 1956–1965 ......................................................................... iv 8 8 8 9 9 Reel 8 Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-11 North Carolina [Greensboro, Monroe], 1959–1960 ........................................................... Ohio [Akron, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus], 1958–1962 ........................................... Oregon [Portland], 1958–1963 ........................................................................................ Pennsylvania [Allegheny-Kiski Valley, Bucks County, Coatesville, Dauphin County, Lancaster, Media, Philadelphia, Reading, Washington, Pennsylvania State Conference], 1958–1963 ............................................................................................. South Carolina [State Conference], 1960–1965 .............................................................. Tennessee [Chattanooga, Haywood County, Memphis, Nashville], 1959–1963 .............. Texas [State Conference], 1959–1965 ............................................................................ Utah [Salt Lake City], 1959–1960 ................................................................................... Virginia [State Conference, Fairfax County, Alexandria], 1957–1959 .............................. Washington [Seattle, Tacoma], 1961–1965 ..................................................................... Group III, Box I-12 West Virginia [Charleston, Huntington, Marion County, West Virginia State Conference], 1958–1962 ............................................................................................. Wisconsin [Madison, Milwaukee, Racine], 1958–1964 .................................................... 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Newsletters, Regions Group III, Box I-12 cont. New England Regional Conference, 1956–1964 .............................................................. 10 Reel 9 Newsletters, Regions cont. Group III, Box I-12 cont. Southeast Regional Office, 1956–1964 ........................................................................... Group III, Box I-13 Southwest Regional Office, 1957–1964 .......................................................................... West Coast Regional Office, 1956–1959 ......................................................................... Group III, Box I-14 West Coast Regional Office, 1960–1964 ......................................................................... 11 11 11 11 Programs Group III, Box I-14 cont. New England Regional Conference, 1956–1961 .............................................................. 12 Reel 10 Programs cont. Group III, Box I-14 cont. Southeast Regional Office, 1960–1965 ........................................................................... 12 West Coast Regional Office, 1959–1961 ......................................................................... 12 Reports Group III, Box I-14 cont. Alaska [Anchorage], 1965 ............................................................................................... California [Palo Alto–Stanford, Los Angeles], 1957–1964 ............................................... Georgia [State Conference], 1958–1965 ......................................................................... llinois [Chicago, Quad State Office], 1965 ...................................................................... Mississippi [State Conference], 1960–1965 .................................................................... Missouri [State Conference], 1965 .................................................................................. v 12 12 12 12 12 12 Group III, Box I-15 Ohio [State Conference], 1960–1961, 1963–1965 ........................................................... New England Regional Conference, 1959–1964 .............................................................. Southeast Regional Office, 1959–1965 ........................................................................... West Coast Regional Office, 1959, 1965 ........................................................................ 12 13 13 13 Subject Index ........................................................................................................................... 15 vi SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The branch newsletters and printed material in this part of Papers of the NAACP provide an excellent nationwide overview of state and local NAACP activity during the high point of the post–World War II struggle for civil rights. This series of branch department files is composed of five subseries: branch directories; handbooks and manuals; branch, state conference, and regional newsletters; convention programs; and branch, state conference, and regional reports. The first subseries is branch directories. The branch directories, which are arranged in chronological order and span from 1957 to 1964, are a useful source because they present important data about the structure, organization, and leadership of the NAACP. They typically include a listing of the branch, state conference, and regional officers, as well as the location of the offices and the home addresses of the officers. The second subseries in this edition consists of handbooks and manuals from the Southeast and West Coast regional offices. These handbooks provide insight into some of the procedures that governed NAACP branches between 1956 and 1965. For example, the handbook for Southeast region branches details the duties of branch officers, procedures for branch meetings and public meetings, and instructions for the various branch committees. The 1965 Southeast region handbook also includes guidelines for women NAACP members. The largest subseries comprises newsletters from NAACP branches, state conferences, and regional offices. Newsletters from over one hundred branches and state conferences are included in this edition. These newsletters allow for a detailed, inside view of the main issues, concerns, and campaigns of NAACP branches during the period 1956 to 1965. The newsletters also reveal the interaction between local struggles and the national movement for civil rights. In the decade following the NAACP’s victory in Brown v. Board of Education, the association mobilized its network of local branches to press for desegregation of public schools across the country. For example, the Florida State Conference newsletters include a statement of policy from the 1958 Florida State convention that criticizes attempts to circumvent the Supreme Court’s Brown decision and calls on the people of Florida to accept the decision. Although Brown dealt specifically with de jure segregation, this vii edition illustrates that the NAACP did not restrict its education-related initiatives and legal fights to southern states. A March 1962 article in the Central Long Island, New York, newsletter reports that the NAACP had recently “declared an all-out war” against segregated schools in northern states and it states that the branch would soon take up its own legal battle against local schools. The Chicago, Illinois, newsletters chronicle the branch’s campaign against overcrowded schools. The complete files of the NAACP’s efforts against discrimination in education can be found in UPA’s Papers of the NAACP, Part 3: The Campaign for Educational Equality, 1913– 1965. Local NAACP activism in the area of employment and employment discrimination is also well documented in the branch newsletters. For example, the River Rouge–Ecorse, Michigan, summer 1960 newsletter contains a column that discusses the disproportionately harmful impact on African American workers of automation and deindustrialization. A June 1965 Jamaica, New York, article comments on a pending bill in the New York State legislature that would have given the International Longshoremen’s Association and the New York Shipping Association control over hiring decisions. The article acknowledges the problems facing longshoremen because of the “pangs of automation,” but it opposes the bill on the grounds that a “union hiring hall” and equal opportunity are “incompatible” in this case. The NAACP’s complex relationship with organized labor is also evident in other branch newsletters. An article in the December 1958 New York City newspaper entitled “Unions Reflect Meager Process” criticizes New York area unions for discrimination against African Americans and Puerto Ricans, particularly their exclusion from union leadership positions. Another article in the same issue discusses the positive accomplishments of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in organizing African American workers and praises the CIO for its support of the NAACP and other civil rights organizations. The article concludes by stressing the importance of continued cooperation between the NAACP and the labor movement. Additional material on the NAACP’s relationship with organized labor may be found in UPA’s Papers of the NAACP, Part 13: NAACP and Labor, 1940–1955, and Supplement to Part 13: NAACP and Labor, 1956–1965. NAACP political involvement during this period involved three main areas: voter registration and participation, political campaigns by members, and lobbying for civil rights legislation. Although the NAACP remained a nonpartisan organization, this did not prevent its members and local branches from becoming involved in politics. An editorial in the October 1956 Chicago branch newsletter neatly summarized this stance. Robert L. Birchman wrote: “The NAACP is politically nonpartisan. It does not endorse any party or any candidate for election to public office. But the NAACP is not non-political.... The effectiveness of our campaign for civil rights depends to a large degree viii on the strength of civil rights advocates at the polls. Our legislative goals can be obtained by active participation of all citizens in the political life of the country.” Local and statewide NAACP efforts for fair employment, fair housing, and civil rights legislation culminated in the passage of a national civil rights act in 1964, a voting rights act in 1965, and a fair housing act in 1968. The newsletters are followed by a brief subseries of programs from NAACP regional conventions. This edition includes programs from the New England region, Southeast region, and West Coast region. The convention programs give an indication of some of the major issues discussed at regional conferences. For example, the 1957 New England region convention included sessions on desegregation, housing, and education. The West Coast region convention programs are from the 1959 and 1961 biennial conferences in Asilomar, California. Youth members were particularly important to the NAACP in the period between 1956 and 1965 and the Southeast region files include a program from the 1960 youth convention. Other documentation on NAACP youth members can be found in the newsletters of this edition. The files of the NAACP youth department can be found in UPA’s Papers of the NAACP, Part 19: Youth File. The fifth and final subseries in this edition of Branch Department Files consists of annual reports from branches, state conferences, and regional offices. These annual reports generally include detailed summaries of the major accomplishments and campaigns for a particular area. For example, the 1956 Los Angeles branch annual report states that the branch received thirtysix complaints of police brutality and describes the essential aspects of three of these cases. The 1960 Mississippi State conference report by Mississippi field secretary Medgar Evers discusses a “racial self defense” program that involved a boycott of all stores discriminating against African Americans. Southeast Regional Office reports during this period were written by one of the NAACP’s most dynamic women leaders, Ruby Hurley. Additional annual reports from state field secretaries and regional leaders like Hurley can also be found in Series A, Series B, and Series D of Part 25 of Papers of the NAACP. Papers of the NAACP, Part 25: Branch Department Files, is complemented by the Selected Branch Files in Parts 12, 26, and 27 of Papers of the NAACP. Taken together, these four parts provide a substantial amount of documentation on the functioning of local NAACP branches and state conferences. Researchers should also be aware that the branch files can be used most effectively in conjunction with other parts of Papers of the NAACP. Especially relevant in this regard is Part 23: Legal Department Case Files, 1956–1965. The Legal Department Case Files document many of the local cases in great detail. Other parts of UPA’s Papers of the NAACP that provide additional information on the period from 1956 to 1965 are the following: ix • Part 1: Meetings of the Board of Directors, Records of Annual Conferences, Major Speeches, and Special Reports, Supplements for 1956– 1960 and 1961–1965 • Part 3: The Campaign for Educational Equality, Series D: Central Office Records, 1956–1965 • Supplement to Part 4, Voting Rights, General Office Files, 1956–1965 • Supplement to Part 5, Residential Segregation, General Office Files, 1956–1965 • Supplement to Part 13, The NAACP and Labor, 1956–1965 • Supplement to Part 16, Board of Directors File, 1956–1965 • Supplement to Part 17, National Staff Files, 1956–1965 • Part 19: Youth File, Series D: 1956–1965, Youth Department Files • Part 20: White Resistance and Reprisals, 1956–1965 • Part 21: NAACP Relations with the Modern Civil Rights Movement • Part 22: Legal Department Administrative Files, 1956–1965 • Part 24: Special Subjects, 1956–1965. UPA has also filmed several other collections that provide further documentation on the modern civil rights movement. These include: • Centers of the Southern Struggle: FBI Files on Selma, Memphis, Montgomery, Albany, and St. Augustine • Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration, 1963–1969 • Civil Rights During the Kennedy Administration • The Claude A. Barnett Papers • Congress of Racial Equality Papers, 1959–1976 • The Ivy Leaf, 1921–1998: A Chronicle of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority • The Martin Luther King Jr. FBI File • Papers of A. Philip Randolph • Records of the National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs, 1895– 1992 • Records of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1954–1970. x SOURCE NOTE All documents microfilmed for this edition are held by the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. The branch files selected for this edition were drawn exclusively from Group III (1956–1965), Series I (Printed Matter) of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Records collection. EDITORIAL NOTE Professors John H. Bracey Jr. and Sharon Harley compiled this edition of Papers of the NAACP after a thorough survey of all branch files in Group III of the NAACP Records collection at the Library of Congress. All branch directories and newsletters, and all of the programs and reports, in Group III, Series I of the NAACP collection were selected. Each file selected has been reproduced in its entirety. xi ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations are used throughout this guide. AFL-CIO American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations AME African Methodist Episcopal CIO Congress of Industrial Organizations CORE Congress of Racial Equality NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People UAW United Automobile Workers xiii REEL INDEX The following is a listing of the folders comprising Papers of the NAACP, Part 25: Branch Department Files, Series C: Branch Newsletters and Printed Materials, 1956–1965. The four-digit number on the far left is the frame at which a particular file folder begins. This is followed by the file title, the date(s) of the file, and the total number of pages. Substantive subjects are highlighted under the heading Major Topics. Reel 1 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter Directories Group III, Box I-3 0001 Branch Directory, August 1957. 121 pp. Major Topic: NAACP regional, state conference, and branch officers. 0122 Branch Directory, 1959. 104 pp. Major Topic: NAACP regional, state conference, and branch officers. 0226 Branch Directory, 1960. 127 pp. Major Topics: NAACP national, regional, state conference, and branch officers; NAACP branches by congressional districts. 0353 Branch Directory, 1961–1962. 177 pp. Major Topic: NAACP national, regional, state conference, and branch officers. Group III, Box I-4 0530 Branch Directory, 1962–1963. 197 pp. Major Topics: NAACP national officers; regions; regional offices and officers; state conference and branch officers. 0727 Branch Directory, 1963–1964. 152 pp. Major Topics: NAACP national officers; regions; regional offices and officers; state conference and branch officers. 0879 Branch Directory, Key NAACP Branches, n.d. 53 pp. Major Topics: Regions; regional officers; state conference officers; branch offices and officers. Reel 2 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Handbooks and Manuals Group III, Box I-4 cont. 0001 Southeast Regional Office, 1961–1965. 139 pp. Major Topics: NAACP history and goals; branch officers’ duties; standing committees; branch meeting procedures; fund-raising; membership; President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity; public meeting procedures; voting rights; Interstate Commerce Commission bus desegregation order; employment; voter registration; education; desegregation of public facilities; youth programs; housing; health; female NAACP members and officers. 1 0140 West Coast Region, [1956–1963]. 340 pp. Major Topics: Parliamentary procedure; federal legislation and regulations banning discrimination in public housing; employment; NAACP history and structure; election procedures; branch administration and officers; standing committees; voter registration; housing; membership; education; fund-raising; veterans; public relations activities; Elizabeth Geyer; Ku Klux Klan; Herbert Hill; voting rights; disfranchisement; California civil rights legislation; life memberships. Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches Group III, Box I-5 0480 Anchorage, Alaska, 1957–1959. 11 pp. Major Topic: Negro History Week. 0491 Arkansas [State Conference], 1961. 4 pp. 0495 Arizona [Maricopa County, Tucson, Yuma], 1956–1965. 36 pp. Major Topics: Local politics; education; nonviolence workshop; fund-raising; employment; voter registration; membership. 0531 California, Berkeley–Orange County [Berkeley, Compton, Los Angeles, Monterey Peninsula, Oakland, Orange County], 1956–1965. 179 pp. Major Topics: Tarea Hall Pittman; employment; membership; youth; voter registration; anti– Proposition 18 rally; Bank of America picketing; fund-raising; Maurice Dawkins; Jackie Robinson; California fair employment practices legislation; Roy Wilkins; Prayer Pilgrimage; housing; 1957 national convention; police brutality; Madison Jones; Martin Luther King Jr.; anticommunism; Crown Zellerbach Corporation boycott; education; credit union. 0710 California, “P” [Palo Alto–Stanford, Pasadena], 1956–1965. 192 pp. Major Topics: Membership; National Deliverance Day of Prayer; youth; credit union; housing; South Africa Defense Fund; fund-raising; opposition to right-to-work legislation; Langston Hughes; Loren Miller; employment; 1959 national convention; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; education; schools; California fair housing legislation; Governor’s Code of Fair Practices; War on Poverty; human relations workshop; Freedom Fund. Reel 3 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-5 cont. 0001 California, “R” [Richmond], 1956–1965. 185 pp. Major Topics: Membership; employment; housing; Joseph H. Jackson; National Baptist Convention U.S.A.; 1956 national convention; barbershop discrimination case; fundraising; youth; voter registration; P. T. Robinson; 1958 national convention; Velma Ford; G. M. Turner; 1960 national convention; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; Operation Mississippi; Tom Carlson; schools; March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom; 1964 national convention. 2 Group III, Box I-6 0186 California, “S”–“V” [Sacramento, San Fernando Valley, San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Barbara, Santa Monica–Venice, Santa Rosa, Vallejo], 1956–1965. 185 pp. Major Topics: Negro History Week; Roy Wilkins; Patrice Lumumba; membership; youth; federal aid to education bill; credit union; Robert Carpenter; Mississippi-made products boycott; California civil rights legislation; H. Claude Hudson; education; Freedom March; housing; voting rights bill; San Fernando Valley Board of Realtors code of fair practices; James E. Jones; Marion Miller; Frank Barnes; California Republican Party; Carl C. McCraven; CORE; Deacons for Defense and Justice; Burbank Human Relations Council; Melvin Minor; Proposition 14; employment; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; Thomas Gaither; James Farmer; Terry Francois; Seafarers International Union; San Francisco police department; 1962 national convention; schools; black nationalism; voter registration; Franklin H. Williams; urban renewal; Al Brown; Freedom Fund; Pasadena urban renewal; Fresno schools; police brutality. 0371 Colorado [Colorado Springs], 1961. 4 pp. Major Topics: Operation Mississippi; youth. 0375 Connecticut [Bridgeport, New Haven, New London, Norwalk], 1956–1964. 120 pp. Major Topics: Interdenominational Ministers Alliance; demonstration to support southern sitins; voter registration; William O. Johnson; housing; membership; police; Freedom Fund; youth; James Gibbs; Daisy Bates; Rachel Baker; Vivian Lopes; Raymond Page; Sherman Robinson; James Keyes; Roger Weeks; Ralph Williams; Samuel Dixon; Negro American Labor Council; African American Students Foundation Inc.; Thomas E. Holloman; de facto segregated schools; Linwood Bland; employment; Negro History Week; Thomas H. Allen; Clarence H. Faulk Jr.; employment discrimination; Freedom Rally; education; Operation Mississippi; A. Kendall Smith; college students; March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom; clergy. 0495 District of Columbia, 1960–1961. 13 pp. Major Topics: Employment; Washington Redskins football franchise boycott and picketing; Helen O. Armistead; 1961 national convention. 0508 Delaware [Wilmington], 1958–1962. 42 pp. Major Topics: Membership; Howard High School; employment; police; housing; J. A. Johnson Sr.; Eagle Restaurant and Wilmington Parking Authority v. William H. Burton; Fletcher J. White; Delaware fair employment practices legislation. 0550 Florida [State Conference, Tampa], 1958–1963. 48 pp. Major Topics: Fund-raising; D. Ward Nichols; C. Kenzie Steele; youth; harassment of NAACP; education; membership; Florida Legislative Investigating Committee; Theodore R. Gibson; Harry T. Moore and Harriette Moore memorial service; prisons; sit-ins by Cocoa youth council members; discrimination in armed forces; discrimination in hospitals; Vero Beach demonstrations; employment discrimination; police. 0598 Georgia [State Conference], 1959. 3 pp. 0601 Illinois, Chicago, 1956–1960. 117 pp. Major Topics: Schools; membership; housing; discrimination in hospitals; national civil rights legislation; Congress; Everett M. Dirksen; Paul H. Douglas; Japanese American Citizens League; William L. Dawson; William E. McVey; John C. Kluczynski; James B. Bowler; Thomas S. Gordon; Barratt O’Hara; James C. Murray; Thomas J. O’Brien; Sidney R. Yates; Richard W. Hoffman; Timothy P. Sheehan; Marguerite Stitt Church; Richard Stengel; Illinois General Assembly; Illinois fair employment practices legislation; G. William Stratton; Richard B. Austin; discrimination in education and de facto school segregation; building code violations; Illinois Commission on Human Relations; police brutality; school desegregation; Freedom Fund; Cora M. Patton; Theodore A. Jones Jr.; police; Dempsey J. Travis; fund-raising to support southern sit-ins; Friendship House; 1960 national convention; protest of imprisonment in Georgia of Martin Luther King Jr. 3 0718 Illinois, Chicago, 1961–1964. 63 pp. Major Topics: Discrimination in public facilities; education; police; Freedom Fund; schools; Medgar W. Evers; S. S. Morris; Carl A. Fuqua; Marguerite Belafonte; cooperation with labor unions; Earl B. Dickerson; Jack Greenberg; youth; fund-raising; membership; clergy; Clarence M. Mitchell III; Thurgood Marshall; housing; voter registration; women’s auxiliary. Group III, Box I-7 0781 Illinois, Danville–State Conference [Danville, Galesburg, Joliet, Lincoln, University of Illinois, Illinois State Conference], 1956–1964. 94 pp. Major Topics: Schools; police; employment; Martin Luther King Jr.; membership; fund-raising; Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations (Joliet); employment discrimination; voter registration; Illinois fair employment practices legislation; youth; housing; G. William Stratton; Richard B. Austin; University of Illinois housing; national civil rights legislation; Congress; Everett M. Dirksen; Paul H. Douglas; Japanese American Citizens League; William E. McVey; Richard W. Hoffman; Noah M. Mason; Leslie C. Arends; Harold H. Velde; Marguerite Stitt Church; Leo E. Allen; Robert B. Chiperfield; Sid Simpson; Peter F. Mack Jr.; William L. Springer; Charles W. Vursell; Melvin Price; Kenneth J. Gray; Richard Stengel; Illinois fair housing legislation. 0875 Indiana [Greater Lafayette, Terre Haute, Indiana State Conference], 1960–1965. 64 pp. Major Topics: Clergy; voter registration; Selma Emergency Fund Committee; Indiana civil rights legislation; membership; job training; fund-raising; youth; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; Negro American Labor Council; Robert L. Brokenburr; Ford Gibson; Jessie Jacobs; Indianapolis branch membership campaign. 0939 Iowa [Des Moines, Fort Madison], 1956–1965. 41 pp. Major Topics: Des Moines fair employment practices ordinance; United Packinghouse Workers of America; membership; police brutality; housing; youth; 1965 national convention; discrimination by employers and labor unions. Reel 4 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-7 cont. 0001 Kansas [Topeka, Kansas State Conference], 1958–1965. 125 pp. Major Topics: Employment; fund-raising; education; Freedom Fund; demonstration to support Alabama voting rights efforts; Eleanor Roosevelt; Leonard H. Carter; Washburn University; Thomas Garland; Herbert Parks; employment discrimination; housing; boycott of Wichita businesses; Kansas civil rights legislation; Homer C. Floyd; Leonard H. Strauss; Howard W. Brewer; William M. Ferguson; freedom rides; Kansas Commission on Civil Rights; Wichita Human Relations Commission; Lawrence Human Relations Commission; Manhattan Council on Human Relations; Fort Scott Human Relations Council; Salina Council on Human Relations; Junction City Improvement Association; Joseph B. Anderson Jr.; U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; Kansas Advisory Council on Civil Rights; Floyd L. Hansen; Kansas Act Against Discrimination; religion. 0126 Louisiana [New Orleans], 1956–1965. 50 pp. Major Topics: Membership; Medgar W. Evers; police brutality; school desegregation; youth; Louisiana Office of Economic Opportunity; protest of Confederate flag use by U.S. Marine Corps unit; Canal Street area selective buying campaign; voter registration; Clarence Marchand Jr.; Fred Patterson Jr.; local elections. 0176 Maine [Portland], 1965. 5 pp. Major Topics: Housing; employment. 4 0181 0238 0328 0428 0452 Maryland [Anne Arundel County, Howard County, Montgomery County], 1962–1963, 1965. 57 pp. Major Topics: Samuel Gilmer; Maryland civil rights legislation; education; Bertha Smith; Head Start; school desegregation; housing; A. Philip Randolph; AFL-CIO; discrimination in public facilities; Montgomery County public accommodations ordinance; rape case; Leadership Conference on Civil Rights; Freedom Fund; national office policy statement on Nation of Islam; Barry Greenstein; Maryland Commission on Interracial Problems; Samuel Young; Harriet Tubman High School; Morris L. Woodson. Massachusetts [Berkshire County, Boston, South Middlesex, South Shore], 1960–1965. 90 pp. Major Topics: James Busch; employment discrimination; civil rights legislation voting records of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson; Richard M. Nixon on civil rights legislation; membership; Gloster B. Current; Herbert Hill; housing; Pittsfield urban renewal; Massachusetts fair housing legislation; churches; Boston Progressive Credit Union; Emergency Public Integration Committee; Anna A. Hedgeman; Massachusetts Board of Rabbis; youth; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; voter registration; Operation Mississippi; clergy; police brutality; discrimination by labor unions; education; 1956 national convention; selective buying campaign against Ward, Nissen, and Sunbeam baking companies; Edward M. Kennedy; Ray Matthews. Michigan [Cass County, Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Inkster, Lake County, Lansing, Muskegon, River Rouge–Ecorse, Ypsilanti], 1958–1962. 100 pp. Major Topics: Shelby Mack; membership; police brutality; 1962 national convention; schools; textbooks; Herman Hamilton; Herman Gibson; Edgar Holt; Building Service Employees International Union; Flint civil rights legislation; demonstrations to support southern sitins; Grand Rapids women’s auxiliary; James Meredith; Ralph W. Findley; fund-raising; employment discrimination; Region II leadership training conference; United Church Women; housing; employment; UAW; Walter P. Reuther; U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. Minnesota [St. Paul], 1957–1962. 24 pp. Major Topics: Membership; youth; Leonard H. Carter; Roy Wilkins; Robert L. Carter; Alfred Baker Lewis; Gloster B. Current; Clarence Mitchell; Herbert Hill; Herbert L. Wright; Edward J. Odom; Jack Wood; Region IV leadership training conference. Mississippi [Coahoma County, Mississippi State Conference], 1959–1965. 71 pp. Major Topics: Voter registration; White Citizens Council; Dick Gregory; Clarksdale stores boycott; Clarksdale police department; Council of Federated Organizations; Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party; Willie Cotton; Talladega College [Alabama]; Mississippi Council on Human Relations; Diane Nash Bevel; Bob Moses; Charles McDew; Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee; Brenda Travis; Isaac Lewis; CORE; James Meredith; employment discrimination; evictions; Lawrence Guyot; C. R. Darden. 5 Group III, Box I-8 0523 Missouri [St. Louis, Missouri State Conference], 1957–1965. 358 pp. Major Topics: Civil service employment; St. Louis politics; membership; employment; desegregation of public facilities; Mill Creek Valley slum clearance program; population statistics; fund-raising; St. Louis Urban League; Robert F. Mack; Daisy L. Bates; St. Louis urban renewal; desegregation of Jackson swimming pool; Ernest Calloway; Missouri Missionary Baptist convention; American Jewish Committee, St. Louis chapter; Harriet Tubman; Dred Scott; Henry Winfield Wheeler; police; James P. Mitchell; youth; CORE; housing; employment discrimination; religion; Mildred Bond; Brown v. Board of Education anniversary celebration; Margaret Bush Wilson; St. Louis civil rights legislation; Roy Wilkins; Nelson A. Rockefeller; William English Walling; schools; voter registration; John J. Hicks; St. Louis Board of Education; Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters; life memberships; St. Louis women members; 1959 national convention; Thurgood Marshall; Channing H. Tobias; Walter P. Reuther; A. Philip Randolph; NAACP history; massive resistance; 1960 presidential election; opposition to right-to-work laws; Robert F. Williams; Martin Luther King Jr.; Curt Flood; St. Louis Council on Human Relations; David Ranken School of Mechanical Trades; Hubert H. Humphrey; St. Paul AME Church; Negro American Labor Council; Fred Weathers. Reel 5 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-8 cont. 0001 Nevada [Las Vegas, Reno-Sparks], 1958–1962. 208 pp. Major Topics: Herbert Hill; membership; Franklin H. Williams; housing; voter registration; discrimination by labor unions; Althea Gibson; discrimination in public facilities; Prentiss S. Walker; Nevada Voters League; religion; communism; Marion Daniel Bennett; Zion Methodist Church; 1960 election; employment; Southern Nevada Central Labor Council, AFL-CIO; Las Vegas Human Rights Commission; urban renewal; Rafer Johnson; population and voting statistics. 0209 New Jersey [Camden, Elizabeth, Gloucester County, Montclair, Morris County, New Brunswick, Paterson, Plainfield, Roselle, Somerville, Trenton], 1958–1965. 126 pp. Major Topics: Housing; youth; 1960 national convention; discrimination by employers and labor unions; membership; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; voter registration; school desegregation in southern states; 1960 election; Clifford Moore; Helen Ware; Archie Young; Margaret Bass; education; Vietnam War; CORE; Julian Bond; Joseph Greene Jr.; Robert T. Burroughs; Ethel Harper; housing discrimination; 1965 national convention; New Jersey Conference for the Rights of Migrant Workers; Alberta Riddick; churches; school desegregation; employment; schools; Warren Blackshear; antipoverty program; Freedom Fund; Trenton stores boycott. 0335 New York, “A”–“B” [Astoria, Long Island; Bay Shore–Islip; Bronx; Brooklyn], 1956–1964. 89 pp. Major Topics: Head Start; schools; Chase Manhattan Bank; housing; Neighborhood Youth Corps; job training; Freedom Fund; school districts; Bronx 1961 local election; membership; youth; J. C. Tannehill; Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962; fund-raising; rape case. 0424 New York, “C” [Corona–East Elmhurst], 1956–1957. 117 pp. Major Topics: Nursery school; Harry T. Stewart; 1956 elections; 1956 national convention; Rosa Parks; Thomas A. Baker; Francis J. Cassidy; New York City schools; Lorenz Graham; E. H. Hamilton. 6 Group III, Box I-9 0541 New York, “D”–“I” [Flushing, Freeport-Roosevelt, Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington–Roslyn, Greenwich Village–Chelsea], 1956–1964. 106 pp. Major Topics: Employment; de facto segregated schools; migrant labor; education; housing in northern states; youth; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; New York State fair housing legislation; Freedom Fund; housing; Mississippi-made products boycott; antipoverty programs; James Yates; Edwin Peets; police brutality; June Shagaloff; urban renewal; 1965 national convention; national youth convention. Reel 6 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-9 cont. 0001 New York, Central Long Island, 1956–1963. 796 pp. Major Topics: Negro History Week; school desegregation in southern states; Montgomery bus boycott; University of Alabama; membership; Thurgood Marshall; 1956 national convention; Bronson O’Reilly; Franklin H. Williams; communism; Roy Wilkins; New York State civil rights legislation; Dwight D. Eisenhower; housing; credit union; Prayer Pilgrimage; federal aid to education bill; Little Rock Central High School; R. Ford Hughes; education; Mary White Ovington; NAACP founding; New York State fair housing legislation; minstrel shows; Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, school desegregation; Suffolk County and Nassau County schools; youth; Amityville and Copiague school board elections; Brown v. Board of Education anniversary celebration; Effie Gordon; Adam Clayton Powell Jr.; national civil rights legislation; Daisy Bates; employment; Averell Harriman; migrant farm laborers; Herbert Hill; Latta R. Thomas; Lloyd L. Hurst; religion; Timmie Rodgers; life membership; Mattie Dickson; school desegregation; Edward P. Best; 1958 New York State convention; 1958 election; Orval E. Faubus; Monroe, North Carolina, “kissing” case; Youth March for Integrated Schools; Eugene T. Reed; Gloria E. Smith; lynching of Mack Charles Parker in Poplarville, Mississippi; G. Harold Kopchynski; Eugene Barnett; Charles W. Goady; 1959 New York State convention; 1959 national convention; James Farmer; Robert C. Weaver; Channing H. Tobias; National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women’s Clubs Inc.; criticism of Senator Lyndon B. Johnson by John A. Morsell; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; Jawn Sandifer; Democratic Party and Republican Party 1960 civil rights platforms; Haywood County, Tennessee, voter registration; Calvin C. Cobb; New Orleans, Louisiana, school desegregation; Patrice Lumumba murder protest at United Nations; fund-raising; Brotherhood Week; textbooks; LeRoy Clinton Jr.; space exploration program; Wilbur Devine Jr.; 1961 New York State conference; Kenneth Keating; Independent Benevolent Protective Order of the Elks of the World; James Peck; Lester Tripp Jr.; 1961 national convention; Richard Hasgill; Earl B. Nickerson; John W. Lee; Preston Cobb; Donald L. Hollowell; withdrawal of Robert C. Weaver from NAACP board of directors; State University of New York Board of Regents policy statement on de facto segregated schools; school desegregation in northern states; Farrell Jones; Wyandanch, Long Island, schools; Alonzo H. Shockley Jr.; International Ladies Garment Workers Union; 1962 national convention; Jackie Robinson; Gloria E. Smith appointed president of Copiague Board of Education; Nina Theresa Gabriel; labor unions; Walter P. Reuther; UAW; National Labor Relations Board; United Steelworkers of America; Emancipation Proclamation; Harvey Gantt; South Carolina schools. 7 0797 New York, “J”–“L” [Jamaica, Lakeview], 1956–1965. 179 pp. Major Topics: 1956 national convention; youth; 1957 national convention; membership; New York State fair housing legislation; Negro History Week; 1958 New York State Conference; Freedom Fund; housing; 1959 national convention; schools; Roy Wilkins; federal civil rights legislation; Brotherhood Week; 1960 national convention; Operation Mississippi; Federal Housing Administration; 1961 New York State Conference; 1961 national convention; James Farmer; Thurgood Marshall; Mississippi-made products boycott; Howard Zinn; Malcolm X; political redistricting; Phyllis Wheatley; employment; International Longshoremen’s Association; New York Shipping Association; William Whipper; 1965 national convention; War on Poverty; Nat Turner; de facto segregated schools. Reel 7 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-10 0001 New York, “N” [New Rochelle, New York City, Nyack], 1956–1964. 180 pp. Major Topics: School desegregation; freedom rides; Kathy Prensky; Jan Triggs; Parchman penitentiary, Mississippi; New York State fair housing legislation; crime; de facto segregated schools; New Orleans Catholic schools desegregation; education; Robert F. Kennedy; New York City fair housing legislation; employment; Camilla Williams; youth; Harlem schools; Harriet Tubman; membership; 1958 national convention; Little Rock Central High School desegregation case; de facto segregated schools in northern states; 1958 election; discrimination by labor unions; CIO; New York City de facto segregated schools; Jawn Sandifer; L. Joseph Overton; Monroe, North Carolina, “kissing” case; voter registration; Percy E. Sutton; Richard Allen Hildebrand; Fred L. Shuttlesworth; Nat Turner; Dick Gregory; Gladys DeLoatch; Rockland County housing; 1957 Nyack election; William T. Williams; George White; Clarence H. Duncan. 0181 New York, Rochester, 1958–1963. 46 pp. Major Topics: Life memberships; Brown v. Board of Education anniversary celebration; Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations; Peter Tolliver; housing; Haywood County, Tennessee; Quintin E. Primo; migrant laborers; United Nations; de facto segregated schools; police brutality; Non-Partisan Political League; CORE; United Action Committee; Rufus Fairwell. 0227 New York, “S”–“Z” [Spring Valley, Williamsbridge], 1956–1965. 246 pp. Major Topics: National voting rights legislation; Willard Uphaus; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; New York State fair housing legislation; Harold Quigley; William Scott; school desegregation in southern states; Charles Lawrence; schools; Pete Seeger; youth; housing; New Rochelle de facto segregated schools; Paul Zuber; Alan Paton; South Africa; Schomburg Collection at New York Public Library; President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity; Nashville, Tennessee, theater desegregation; Highlander Folk School; de facto segregated schools in northern states; U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; CORE; George Houser; American Committee on Africa; American Civil Liberties Union; segregated libraries in southern states; school busing in northern states; Federal Housing Administration; 1960 national civil rights legislation; New York City school desegregation; employment; 1960 national convention; Fayette County, Tennessee, voter registration; Annie Barrow; Walter T. Carlisle Jr.; Roy Wilkins; Adam Clayton Powell Jr.; George H. Fowler; Karen Rux; New York City schools boycott; Louise Martin; Elaine Danavall; March on Albany; Laura Valdes; 1964 national convention; Mississippi-made products boycott. 8 0473 0668 New York, Schenectady, 1956–1965. 195 pp. Major Topics: Mississippi White Citizens Councils; Albany Interracial Council; anti-NAACP actions in southern states; national civil rights legislation; Field Foundation; Channing H. Tobias; bus desegregation in southern states; New York State fair housing legislation; Roy Wilkins; American Jewish Congress; James Stamper; housing; Freedom Fund; U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; New York State Employment Service; 1960 New York State convention; Schenectady fair housing ordinance; membership; 1960 national convention; harassment of Fayette County, Tennessee, registered voters; Republican Party and Democratic Party 1960 civil rights platforms; Operation Mississippi; Malinda Myers; Edward R. Dudley; voter registration; 1964 election; Mississippi-made products boycott; 1965 election. New York State Conference, 1956–1965. 211 pp. Major Topics: Employment discrimination; 1956 New York State convention; voting records of New York State congressmen; discrimination by labor unions; AFL-CIO; A. Philip Randolph; George Meany; Jawn Sandifer campaign for municipal court judgeship; White House Conference on Children and Youth; New York State fair housing legislation; Urban League; State Commission Against Discrimination; CORE; housing; Federal Housing Administration; Miami, Florida, sit-ins; voter registration; Long Island urban renewal protest; New Rochelle school desegregation case; police brutality; Negro American Labor Council; Albany demonstration; African Americans in the Kennedy administration; civil rights legislation in Congress; discrimination by Atlanta Hilton Inn; State Commission for Human Rights; 1962 national convention; National Labor Relations Board; United Steelworkers of America; Coahoma County, Mississippi, stores boycott; 1962 New York State convention; John F. Kennedy fair housing executive order; state conference legislative program. Reel 8 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Branches cont. Group III, Box I-11 0001 North Carolina [Greensboro, Monroe], 1959–1960. 17 pp. Major Topics: Monroe city golf course; Cuba; Fidel Castro; A. E. Perry Jr.; Congo; Yancey County schools. 0018 Ohio [Akron, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus], 1958–1962. 174 pp. Major Topics: Brown v. Board of Education anniversary celebration; youth; Daisy Bates; opposition to right-to-work legislation; Cincinnati women’s auxiliary; National Negro Insurance Association; Freedom Fund; membership; Jackie Robinson; voter registration; Federal Housing Administration; national civil rights legislation; housing; police brutality; Samuel L. Devine; Ohio fair employment practices legislation; Grant, Kresge, and Woolworth boycott; interracial housing at Ohio State University; employment discrimination; Kent State University; Columbus demonstration to support southern sit-ins. 0192 Oregon [Portland], 1958–1963. 19 pp. Major Topics: National civil rights legislation; fund-raising; International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union; 1958 election; Marguerite Belafonte; Franklin H. Williams. 9 0211 Pennsylvania [Allegheny-Kiski Valley, Bucks County, Coatesville, Dauphin County, Lancaster, Media, Philadelphia, Reading, Washington, Pennsylvania State Conference], 1958–1963. 191 pp. Major Topics: Pennsylvania fair housing legislation; housing; youth; employment; recreational facilities boycott; Negro History Week; Robert L. Carter; Gloster B. Current; Pennsylvania fair employment practices legislation; housing discrimination; Pennsylvania Human Relations Act; 1961 national convention; Connellsville schools; 1962 national convention; Thurgood Marshall; John F. Kennedy fair housing executive order; Washington urban renewal; churches; 1965 national convention; 1959 Pennsylvania State convention. 0402 South Carolina [State Conference], 1960–1965. 22 pp. Major Topics: Horace P. Sharper; I. DeQuincey Newman; youth; sit-in legal cases; 1965 Voting Rights Act. 0424 Tennessee [Chattanooga, Haywood County, Memphis, Nashville], 1959–1963. 27 pp. Major Topics: Haywood County schools; discrimination in employment and public facilities. 0451 Texas [State Conference], 1959–1965. 25 pp. Major Topics: Branch news; antipoverty programs; 1965 Voting Rights Act; 1965 national convention; Roy Wilkins; Clarence Mitchell; Althea T. L. Simmons; 1965 Texas State convention. 0476 Utah [Salt Lake City], 1959–1960. 5 pp. Major Topic: Demonstrations to support southern sit-ins. 0481 Virginia [State Conference, Fairfax County, Alexandria], 1957–1959. 33 pp. Major Topics: Philip Y. Wyatt; 1957 Virginia State convention; anti-NAACP actions; youth; employment; CORE. 0514 Washington [Seattle, Tacoma], 1961–1965. 111 pp. Major Topics: Washington State civil rights legislation; Freedom Fund; housing; John F. Kennedy comments on civil rights; employment; U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; Wesley W. Law; Washington State Supreme Court ruling against fair housing legislation; Interstate Commerce Commission bus desegregation order; Robert L. Carter; Safeway boycott; Washington State Board Against Discrimination; schools; 1962 national convention; Title VII of 1964 Civil Rights Act; school desegregation; War on Poverty; de facto segregated schools; Tacoma school board picketing. Group III, Box I-12 0625 West Virginia [Charleston, Huntington, Marion County, West Virginia State Conference], 1958–1962. 34 pp. Major Topics: Employment; discrimination in public facilities; Elgin Baylor; 1960 West Virginia State convention; West Virginia Human Rights Commission. 0659 Wisconsin [Madison, Milwaukee, Racine], 1958–1964. 115 pp. Major Topics: Wisconsin fair housing legislation; Madison antidiscrimination ordinance; Madison Citizens for Fair Housing; Brown v. Board of Education anniversary celebration; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; de facto segregated schools. Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Regions Group III, Box I-12 cont. 0774 New England Regional Conference, 1956–1964. 131 pp. Major Topics: 1956 national convention; housing; youth; Negro History Week; Connecticut Civil Rights Commission; Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusetts civil rights legislation; 1959 New England regional convention; membership; Freedom Fund; Gloster B. Current; Richard M. Nixon; 1960 election; 1961 New England regional convention; 1961 national convention; condemnation of White Citizens Council; New York State Commission Against Discrimination; national civil rights legislation; employment; education. 10 Reel 9 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Newsletters, Regions cont. Group III, Box I-12 cont. 0001 Southeast Regional Office, 1956–1964. 211 pp. Major Topics: National civil rights legislation; 1958 national convention; anti-NAACP actions in Georgia; 1958 regional convention; Medgar W. Evers; Amos O. Holmes; youth; NAACP v. Alabama; Roy Wilkins meeting with Dwight D. Eisenhower; Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, Tennessee, Mississippi, and North Carolina State conferences; 1959 regional convention; religious leaders conference; lynching of Mack Charles Parker; membership; Freedom Fund; 1959 national convention; voter registration; 1960 regional convention; employment; school desegregation; harassment of Georgia State Conference president Wesley W. Law; women’s auxiliaries. Group III, Box I-13 0212 Southwest Regional Office, 1957–1964. 144 pp. Major Topics: Anti-NAACP actions in Texas; Texas State Conference; New Orleans Catholic schools desegregation; district court decision against Louisiana pupil placement act; Waco, Texas, demonstrations; Doretha A. Combre; 1962 national convention; Texas State AFL-CIO; shooting of John Henry Scott in Louisiana; Louisiana State Conference; Clarence A. Laws; Dallas Interdenominational Ministers Alliance; North Texas State University student demonstration supporting Birmingham protesters; Oklahoma State Conference; employment discrimination at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico; Dallas County jail; Russell B. Long; national civil rights legislation; Fort Worth, Texas, schools; crime in Dallas; discrimination in Texas public facilities; churches; military personnel; Louisiana voter registration; Dallas schools; Title VII of 1964 Civil Rights Act. 0356 West Coast Regional Office, 1956–1957. 143 pp. Major Topics: Housing and employment discrimination; discrimination in armed forces; federal aid to education bill; Adlai Stevenson; Estes Kefauver; support for Alabama NAACP and Montgomery bus boycott; Ming v. Horgan; police; Jackie Robinson; discrimination in public facilities; Franklin H. Williams; membership; Stanford University; California fair employment practices legislation; San Francisco fair employment practices ordinance; minstrel shows; Bakersfield fair employment practices ordinance; agricultural laborers; white supremacy groups. 0499 West Coast Regional Office, 1958–1959. 165 pp. Major Topics: Voter registration; employment discrimination; Franklin H. Williams; opposition to right-to-work legislation; California fair employment practices legislation; housing discrimination; Ming v. Horgan; Los Angeles Budweiser boycott; Teamsters Union; President’s Committee on Government Contracts; police brutality; fund-raising; Stanford University; Clark Kerr; California civil rights legislation; California Labor Federation, AFLCIO; California fair housing legislation; Utah civil rights legislation; San Mateo, California, fair employment practices ordinance; California antimiscegenation act repeal; police brutality; California legislature civil rights voting records; Seaside, California, schools; Nevada State AFL-CIO. Group III, Box I-14 0664 West Coast Regional Office, 1960–1964. 101 pp. Major Topics: Monterey schools; demonstrations to support southern sit-ins; Interdenominational Ministers Alliance; Baptist Ministers Union; voter registration; Phoenix, Arizona, lunch counter sit-ins; Tarea Hall Pittman; agricultural laborers; civil rights rally; fund-raising; Folsom prison [California]; California fair housing legislation; California civil rights legislation; California fair employment practices legislation; discrimination in public facilities; Negro History and Brotherhood Weeks; national civil rights legislation; Seattle schools; Robert L. Carter; June Shagaloff; de facto segregated schools. 11 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Programs Group III, Box I-14 cont. 0765 New England Regional Conference, 1956–1961. 160 pp. Major Topic: 1956–1961 conventions. Reel 10 Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Programs cont. Group III, Box I-14 cont. 0001 Southeast Regional Office, 1960–1965. 93 pp. Major Topics: 1960 convention; 1961 youth convention; 1961 religious leaders conference; 1961 youth retreat; 1962, 1964, and 1965 conventions. 0094 West Coast Regional Office, 1959–1961. 23 pp. Major Topic: 1959 and 1961 biennial conventions. Group III, Series I, Printed Matter cont. Reports Group III, Box I-14 cont. 0117 Alaska [Anchorage], 1965. 27 pp. 0144 California [Palo Alto–Stanford, Los Angeles], 1957–1964. 68 pp. Major Topics: Employment; housing; California civil rights legislation; education; churches; youth; membership; schools; recreational facilities; police brutality. 0212 Georgia [State Conference], 1958–1959. 48 pp. Major Topics: Amos O. Holmes; fund-raising; voter registration; membership; bus, school, library, and park desegregation; housing; employment; United Steelworkers of America; 1959 Georgia State convention. 0260 Georgia [State Conference], 1960–1965. 83 pp. Major Topics: Amos O. Holmes; sit-ins; voter registration; Vernon E. Jordan Jr.; membership; Freedom Fund; Macon bus boycott; public facilities desegregation; school desegregation; employment; United Steelworkers of America; police brutality; Decatur rape case; racial violence in Augusta; youth; Joe Louis Tucker; hospital desegregation; housing; 1965 Georgia State convention. 0343 Illinois [Chicago, Quad State Office], 1965. 51 pp. Major Topics: Education; employment; housing; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin membership and Freedom Fund statistics; employment and education in Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. 0394 Mississippi [State Conference], 1960–1965. 44 pp. Major Topics: Medgar W. Evers; Jackson stores boycott; voter registration; Clyde Kennard; Biloxi beach demonstration; fund-raising; police brutality; racial violence and harassment; Aaron E. Henry; 1960 and 1965 state conventions; public facilities desegregation attempts; school desegregation; Natchez branch. 0438 Missouri [State Conference], 1965. 22 pp. Major Topics: 1965 state convention; Peter Robertson; Missouri Commission on Human Rights. 12 Group III, Box I-15 0460 Ohio [State Conference], 1960–1961. 29 pp. Major Topics: State conference constitution; employment discrimination; housing; schools; 1961 state convention. 0489 Ohio [State Conference], 1963–1964. 45 pp. Major Topics: Nathaniel C. Lee; cooperation with AFL-CIO unions; Harold C. Strickland; 1964 election; de facto segregated schools; youth; 1964 convention. 0534 Ohio [State Conference], 1964–1965. 74 pp. Major Topics: Nathaniel C. Lee; Harold C. Strickland; membership; fund-raising; Mississippi voter registration project; leadership strategy conference; 1965 state convention; youth. 0608 New England Regional Conference, 1959–1964. 41 pp. Major Topics: Housing; Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts civil rights legislation; housing discrimination. 0649 Southeast Regional Office, 1959. 43 pp. Major Topics: School desegregation; recreational facilities; voter registration; segregation laws; anti-NAACP actions; racial violence and harassment; religious leaders conference; youth; Ruby Hurley. 0692 Southeast Regional Office, 1960–1961. 74 pp. Major Topics: Membership; school desegregation; demonstrations and protests; 1960 election; voter registration; segregation laws; racial violence and harassment; Ruby Hurley; employment; 1961 regional convention; youth; Julie Wright. 0766 Southeast Regional Office, 1962. 39 pp. Major Topics: Membership; employment; voter registration; school desegregation; demonstrations and protests; youth; racial violence and harassment; 1962 regional and national conventions; Ruby Hurley. 0805 Southeast Regional Office, 1963. 24 pp. Major Topics: Youth; Willie B. Ludden; demonstrations and protests; membership; 1963 national convention; Savannah State College; March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. 0829 Southeast Regional Office, 1964. 33 pp. Major Topics: Ruby Hurley; 1964 Civil Rights Act; Robert W. Saunders; voter registration; 1964 election; school desegregation; War on Poverty; employment; St. Augustine, Florida; racial violence and harassment; Byron de la Beckwith murder trial; 1964 regional and national conventions. 0862 Southeast Regional Office, 1965. 63 pp. Major Topics: Ruby Hurley; Ku Klux Klan; racial violence and harassment; 1964 Civil Rights Act; public facilities desegregation; school desegregation; urban renewal; housing; employment; demonstrations and protests; War on Poverty; voter registration, education, and participation; reopening of Alabama State Conference; 1965 regional and national conventions; Natchez, Mississippi, branch; Jefferson County, Mississippi, branch. 0925 West Coast Regional Office, 1959. 51 pp. Major Topics: National and state fair housing legislation; Ming v. Horgan; California fair employment practices legislation; O’Meara v. Washington State Board Against Discrimination; Seattle Real Estate Association; Washington State civil rights legislation; Unruh, California, civil rights legislation; urban renewal; employment discrimination; repeal of California, Idaho, and Nevada antimiscegenation laws; schools; youth; Franklin H. Williams; Tarea Hall Pittman; Everett P. Brandon; Ellis H. Casson; credit unions; agricultural labor; Berkeley, California, schools. 0976 West Coast Regional Office, 1965. 32 pp. Major Topics: Leonard H. Carter; Watts riot; education; schools; construction industry; employment; California civil rights legislation; racial violence; antipoverty programs. 13 SUBJECT INDEX The following index is a guide to the major topics, personalities, and activities in this microform publication. The first number after an entry refers to the reel, while the four-digit number following the colon refers to the frame number at which a particular file folder containing information on the subject begins. Hence, 4: 0181 directs the researcher to the folder that begins at frame 0181 of Reel 4. By referring to the Reel Index, which constitutes the initial section of this guide, the researcher will find the folder title, inclusive dates, and a list of Major Topics, arranged in the order in which they appear on the film. Allen, Leo E. 3: 0781 Allen, Thomas H. 3: 0375 American Civil Liberties Union 7: 0227 American Committee on Africa 7: 0227 American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) 4: 0181; 7: 0668; 10: 0489 California Labor Federation 9: 0499 Nevada 9: 0499 Southern Nevada Central Labor Council 5: 0001 Texas 9: 0212 see also Congress of Industrial Organizations see also Labor unions American Jewish Committee St. Louis chapter 4: 0523 American Jewish Congress 7: 0473 Amityville, New York school board election 6: 0001 Anchorage, Alaska NAACP branch 2: 0480; 10: 0117 Anderson, Joseph B., Jr. 4: 0001 Anne Arundel County, Maryland NAACP branch 4: 0181 Anticommunism 2: 0531 see also Communism Antimiscegenation laws repeal of 9: 0499; 10: 0925 Africa American Committee on Africa 7: 0227 Congo 8: 0001 South Africa 7: 0227 South Africa Defense Fund 2: 0710 African American Students Foundation Inc. 3: 0375 African Methodist Episcopal Church St. Paul AME Church 4: 0523 Agricultural labor western states 9: 0356, 0664; 10: 0925 Akron, Ohio NAACP branch 8: 0018 Alabama demonstration to support Birmingham civil rights protesters 9: 0212 demonstration to support voting rights efforts 4: 0001 Montgomery bus boycott 6: 0001; 9: 0356 NAACP State Conference 9: 0356; 10: 0862 Selma Emergency Fund Committee 3: 0875 Talladega College 4: 0452 Alabama, University of 6: 0001 Alaska Anchorage NAACP branch 2: 0480; 10: 0117 Albany, New York Albany Interracial Council 7: 0473 demonstration 7: 0668 March on Albany 7: 0227 Alexandria, Virginia NAACP branch 8: 0481 Allegheny-Kiski Valley, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 15 Anti-NAACP actions Florida 3: 0550 Georgia 9: 0001 massive resistance 4: 0523 NAACP v. Alabama 9: 0001 southern states 7: 0473; 10: 0649 Texas 9: 0212 Virginia 8: 0481 see also Intimidation and harassment see also Racial violence Antipoverty programs 5: 0209, 0541; 8: 0451; 10: 0976 see also War on Poverty Arends, Leslie C. 3: 0781 Arizona Maricopa County NAACP branch 2: 0495 Phoenix lunch counter sit-ins 9: 0664 Tucson NAACP branch 2: 0495 Yuma NAACP branch 2: 0495 Arkansas Little Rock Central High School 6: 0001; 7: 0001 NAACP State Conference 2: 0491 Armed forces discrimination in 3: 0550; 9: 0356 Marine Corps, U.S. 4: 0126 personnel 9: 0212 see also Veterans Armistead, Helen O. 3: 0495 Astoria, Long Island, New York NAACP branch 5: 0335 Atlanta, Georgia discrimination in public facilities 7: 0668 Augusta, Georgia racial violence 10: 0260 Austin, Richard B. 3: 0601, 0781 Baker, Rachel 3: 0375 Baker, Thomas A. 5: 0424 Bakersfield, California fair employment practices ordinance 9: 0356 Bank of America 2: 0531 Banks and banking Bank of America 2: 0531 Boston Progressive Credit Union 4: 0238 Chase Manhattan Bank 5: 0335 NAACP credit unions 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0186; 6: 0001; 10: 0925 Baptist Church Baptist Ministers Union 9: 0664 Missouri Missionary Baptist convention 4: 0523 National Baptist Convention U.S.A. 3: 0001 Baptist Ministers Union 9: 0664 Barbershops and beauty shops discrimination in 3: 0001 Barnes, Frank 3: 0186 Barnett, Eugene 6: 0001 Barrow, Annie 7: 0227 Bass, Margaret 5: 0209 Bates, Daisy 3: 0375; 4: 0523; 6: 0001; 8: 0018 Baylor, Elgin 8: 0625 Bay Shore, New York Bay Shore–Islip NAACP branch 5: 0335 Beckwith, Byron de la murder trial 10: 0829 Belafonte, Marguerite 3: 0718; 8: 0192 Bennett, Marion Daniel 5: 0001 Berkeley, California NAACP branch 2: 0531 schools 10: 0925 Berkshire County, Massachusetts NAACP branch 4: 0238 Best, Edward P. 6: 0001 Bevel, Diane Nash 4: 0452 Biloxi, Mississippi beach demonstration 10: 0394 Black nationalism Francois, Terry A.—comments 3: 0186 Nation of Islam—NAACP policy statement on 4: 0181 Blackshear, Warren 5: 0209 Bland, Linwood 3: 0375 Bond, Julian 5: 0209 Bond, Mildred 4: 0523 Boston, Massachusetts NAACP branch 4: 0238 16 Connecticut Bridgeport 3: 0375 New Haven 3: 0375 New London 3: 0375 Norwalk 3: 0375 Delaware Wilmington 3: 0508 directory 1: 0001–0879 District of Columbia 3: 0495 election procedures 2: 0140 Florida Tampa 3: 0550 Illinois Chicago 3: 0601, 0718; 10: 0343 Danville 3: 0781 Galesburg 3: 0781 Joliet 3: 0781 Lincoln 3: 0781 University of Illinois 3: 0781 Indiana Indianapolis 3: 0875 Lafayette 3: 0875 Terre Haute 3: 0875 Iowa Des Moines 3: 0939 Fort Madison 3: 0939 Kansas Topeka 4: 0001 Louisiana New Orleans 4: 0126 Maine Portland 4: 0176 Maryland Anne Arundel County 4: 0181 Howard County 4: 0181 Montgomery County 4: 0181 Massachusetts Berkshire County 4: 0238 Boston 4: 0238 South Middlesex 4: 0238 South Shore 4: 0238 meeting procedures 2: 0001 Michigan Cass County 4: 0328 Detroit 4: 0328 Flint 4: 0328 Grand Rapids 4: 0328 Inkster 4: 0328 Lake County 4: 0328 Lansing 4: 0328 Muskegon 4: 0328 River Rouge–Ecorse 4: 0328 Ypsilanti 4: 0328 Minnesota St. Paul 4: 0428 Boston Progressive Credit Union 4: 0238 Bowler, James B. 3: 0601 Boycotts Budweiser 9: 0499 Clarksdale, Mississippi 4: 0452 Coahoma County, Mississippi 7: 0668 Crown Zellerbach Corporation 2: 0531 Grant, Kresge, and Woolworth stores 8: 0018 Jackson, Mississippi 10: 0394 Macon, Georgia, buses 10: 0260 Mississippi-made products 3: 0186; 5: 0541; 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0473 Montgomery bus boycott 6: 0001; 9: 0356 New Orleans, Louisiana 4: 0126 New York City schools 7: 0227 recreational facilities 8: 0211 Safeway 8: 0514 Trenton, New Jersey 5: 0209 Ward, Nissen, and Sunbeam baking companies 4: 0238 Washington Redskins football franchise 3: 0495 Wichita, Kansas 4: 0001 see also Demonstrations and protests Branch offices, NAACP administration and officers 2: 0140 Alaska Anchorage 2: 0480; 10: 0117 Arizona Maricopa County 2: 0495 Tucson 2: 0495 Yuma 2: 0495 California Berkeley 2: 0531 Compton 2: 0531 Los Angeles 2: 0531; 10: 0144 Monterey 2: 0531 Oakland 2: 0531 Orange County 2: 0531 Palo Alto–Stanford 2: 0710; 10: 0144 Pasadena 2: 0710 Richmond 3: 0001 Sacramento 3: 0186 San Fernando Valley 3: 0186 San Francisco 3: 0186 San Jose 3: 0186 Santa Barbara 3: 0186 Santa Monica–Venice 3: 0186 Santa Rosa 3: 0186 Vallejo 3: 0186 Colorado Colorado Springs 3: 0371 17 Pennsylvania Allegheny-Kiski Valley 8: 0211 Bucks County 8: 0211 Coatesville 8: 0211 Dauphin County 8: 0211 Lancaster 8: 0211 Media 8: 0211 Philadelphia 8: 0211 Reading 8: 0211 Washington 8: 0211 public meeting procedures 2: 0001 standing committees 2: 0001, 0140 Tennessee Chattanooga 8: 0424 Haywood County 8: 0424 Memphis 8: 0424 Nashville 8: 0424 Virginia Alexandria 8: 0481 Fairfax County 8: 0481 Washington State Seattle 8: 0514 Tacoma 8: 0514 West Virginia Charleston 8: 0625 Huntington 8: 0625 Marion County 8: 0625 Wisconsin Madison 8: 0659 Milwaukee 8: 0659 Racine 8: 0659 Brandon, Everett P. 10: 0925 Brewer, Howard W. 4: 0001 Bridgeport, Connecticut NAACP branch 3: 0375 Brokenburr, Robert L. 3: 0875 Bronx, New York NAACP branch 5: 0335 Brooklyn, New York NAACP branch 5: 0335 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters 4: 0523 Brotherhood Week 6: 0001, 0797; 9: 0664 Brown, Al 3: 0186 Brown v. Board of Education anniversary celebrations 4: 0523; 6: 0001; 7: 0181; 8: 0018, 0659 Bucks County, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Branch offices, NAACP cont. Mississippi Coahoma County 4: 0452 Jefferson County 10: 0862 Natchez 10: 0862 Missouri St. Louis 4: 0523 Nevada Las Vegas 5: 0001 Reno-Sparks 5: 0001 New Jersey Camden 5: 0209 Elizabeth 5: 0209 Gloucester County 5: 0209 Montclair 5: 0209 Morris County 5: 0209 New Brunswick 5: 0209 Paterson 5: 0209 Plainfield 5: 0209 Roselle 5: 0209 Somerville 5: 0209 Trenton 5: 0209 New York State Astoria, Long Island 5: 0335 Bay Shore–Islip 5: 0335 Bronx 5: 0335 Brooklyn 5: 0335 Central Long Island 6: 0001 New York City 7: 0001 Corona–East Elmhurst 5: 0424 Flushing 5: 0541 Freeport-Roosevelt 5: 0541 Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington–Roslyn 5: 0541 Greenwich Village–Chelsea 5: 0541 Jamaica 6: 0797 Lakeview 6: 0797 New Rochelle 7: 0001 Nyack 7: 0001 Rochester 7: 0181 Schenectady 7: 0473 Spring Valley 7: 0227 Williamsbridge 7: 0227 North Carolina Greensboro 8: 0001 Monroe 8: 0001 officers’ duties 2: 0001 Ohio Akron 8: 0018 Cincinnati 8: 0018 Cleveland 8: 0018 Columbus 8: 0018 Oregon Portland 8: 0192 parliamentary procedure 2: 0140 18 San Francisco 3: 0186; 9: 0356 San Jose NAACP branch 3: 0186 San Mateo fair employment practices ordinance 9: 0499 Santa Barbara NAACP branch 3: 0186 Santa Monica–Venice NAACP branch 3: 0186 Santa Rosa NAACP branch 3: 0186 Seaside schools 9: 0499 Stanford University 9: 0356, 0499 state legislature 9: 0499 Unruh civil rights legislation 10: 0925 Vallejo NAACP branch 3: 0186 Watts riot 10: 0976 California Labor Federation, AFL-CIO 9: 0499 Calloway, Ernest 4: 0523 Camden, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Cannon Air Force Base, Clovis, New Mexico 9: 0212 Carlisle, Walter T., Jr. 7: 0227 Carlson, Tom 3: 0001 Carpenter, Robert 3: 0186 Carter, Leonard H. 4: 0001, 0428; 10: 0976 Carter, Robert L. 4: 0428; 8: 0211, 0514; 9: 0664 Cass County, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Cassidy, Francis J. 5: 0424 Casson, Ellis H. 10: 0925 Castro, Fidel 8: 0001 Catholic Church New Orleans Catholic schools desegregation 7: 0001; 9: 0212 Central Long Island, New York NAACP branch 6: 0001 Charleston, West Virginia NAACP branch 8: 0625 Chase Manhattan Bank 5: 0335 Chattanooga, Tennessee NAACP branch 8: 0424 Chelsea, New York Greenwich Village–Chelsea NAACP branch 5: 0541 Building codes violations 3: 0601 Building Service Employees International Union 4: 0328 Burbank Human Relations Council 3: 0186 Burroughs, Robert T. 5: 0209 Busch, James 4: 0238 Buses desegregation of 7: 0473; 10: 0212 Interstate Commerce Commission desegregation order 2: 0001; 8: 0514 Macon, Georgia, boycott 10: 0260 Montgomery, Alabama, boycott 6: 0001; 9: 0356 see also School busing Business associations National Negro Insurance Association 8: 0018 New York Shipping Association 6: 0797 California antimiscegenation act repeal 9: 0499; 10: 0925 anti–Proposition 18 rally 2: 0531 Bakersfield fair employment practices ordinance 9: 0356 Berkeley 2: 0531; 10: 0925 civil rights legislation 2: 0140; 3: 0186; 9: 0499, 0664; 10: 0144, 0976 Compton NAACP branch 2: 0531 fair employment practices legislation 2: 0531; 9: 0356, 0499, 0664; 10: 0925 fair housing legislation 2: 0710; 9: 0499, 0664 Folsom prison 9: 0664 Fresno schools 3: 0186 Governor’s Code of Fair Practices 2: 0710 Los Angeles 2: 0531; 9: 0499; 10: 0144 Monterey 2: 0531; 9: 0664 NAACP youth councils 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0001, 0186; 10: 0144 Oakland NAACP branch 2: 0531 Orange County NAACP branch 2: 0531 Palo Alto–Stanford NAACP branch 2: 0710; 10: 0144 Pasadena 2: 0710; 3: 0186 Proposition 14 3: 0186 Republican Party 3: 0186 Richmond NAACP branch 3: 0001 right-to-work legislation 2: 0531, 0710 Sacramento NAACP branch 3: 0186 San Fernando Valley 3: 0186 19 Johnson, Lyndon B.—Senate voting record 4: 0238 Kansas 4: 0001 Kennedy, John F.—Senate voting record 4: 0238 Madison, Wisconsin, antidiscrimination ordinance 8: 0659 Maryland 4: 0181 Massachusetts 8: 0774; 10: 0608 New York State 6: 0001 Nixon, Richard M.—views 4: 0238 Rhode Island 8: 0774; 10: 0608 St. Louis, Missouri 4: 0523 Utah 9: 0499 Washington State 8: 0514; 10: 0925 see also Civil Rights Act of 1964 see also Fair employment practices legislation see also Fair housing legislation Civil rights organizations American Civil Liberties Union 7: 0227 American Jewish Committee 4: 0523 American Jewish Congress 7: 0473 CORE 3: 0186; 4: 0452, 0523; 5: 0209; 7: 0181, 0227, 0668; 8: 0481 Council of Federated Organizations 4: 0452 Deacons for Defense and Justice 3: 0186 Emergency Public Integration Committee 4: 0238 Japanese American Citizens League 3: 0601, 0781 Leadership Conference on Civil Rights 4: 0181 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 4: 0452 United Action Committee 7: 0181 Urban League 4: 0523; 7: 0668 see also Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party Clarksdale, Mississippi NAACP-led boycott 4: 0452 police 4: 0452 see also Coahoma County, Mississippi Clergy 3: 0375, 0718, 0875; 4: 0238; 9: 0001, 0212; 10: 0001, 0649 see also Churches see also Religion Cleveland, Ohio NAACP branch 8: 0018 Clinton, LeRoy, Jr. 6: 0001 Coahoma County, Mississippi NAACP branch 4: 0452 stores boycott 7: 0668 Chicago, Illinois NAACP branch 3: 0718; 10: 0343 Children White House Conference on Children and Youth 7: 0668 see also Youth Chiperfield, Robert B. 3: 0781 Church, Marguerite Stitt 3: 0601, 0781 Churches 4: 0238; 8: 0211; 9: 0212; 10: 0144 New Jersey 5: 0209 St. Paul AME Church 4: 0523 see also Baptist Church see also Catholic Church see also Clergy see also Methodist Church see also Religion see also Religious organizations Cincinnati, Ohio NAACP branch 8: 0018 Civil Rights Act of 1964 10: 0829, 0862 Title VII 8: 0514; 9: 0212 Civil Rights Commission, U.S. 4: 0001, 0328; 7: 0227, 0473; 8: 0514 Civil rights councils and commissions Albany [New York] Interracial Council 7: 0473 Connecticut 8: 0774 Kansas Advisory Council on Civil Rights 4: 0001 Kansas Commission on Civil Rights 4: 0001 Maryland Commission on Interracial Problems 4: 0181 State Commission Against Discrimination [New York] 7: 0668; 8: 0774 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights 4: 0001, 0328; 7: 0227, 0473; 8: 0514 Washington State Board Against Discrimination 8: 0514 see also Human relations councils and commissions Civil rights legislation California 2: 0140; 3: 0186; 9: 0499, 0664; 10: 0144, 0976 Unruh 10: 0925 Connecticut 8: 0774; 10: 0608 federal 3: 0601, 0781; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0227, 0473, 0668; 8: 0018, 0192, 0774; 9: 0001, 0212, 0664 Flint, Michigan 4: 0328 Indiana 3: 0875 20 civil rights legislation 8: 0774; 10: 0608 New Haven NAACP branch 3: 0375 New London NAACP branch 3: 0375 Norwalk NAACP branch 3: 0375 schools 3: 0375 Connellsville, Pennsylvania, schools 8: 0211 Construction industry 10: 0976 Copiague, New York school board election 6: 0001 Corona, New York Corona–East Elmhurst NAACP branch 5: 0424 Cotton, Willie 4: 0452 Council of Federated Organizations 4: 0452 Credit unions, NAACP 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0186; 6: 0001; 10: 0925 Crime Dallas, Texas 9: 0212 New York State 7: 0001 see also Murder see also Rape cases Crown Zellerbach Corporation 2: 0531 Cuba 8: 0001 Current, Gloster B. 4: 0238, 0428; 8: 0211, 0774 Dallas, Texas county jail 9: 0212 crime in 9: 0212 Interdenominational Ministers Alliance 9: 0212 schools 9: 0212 Danavall, Elaine 7: 0227 Danville, Illinois NAACP branch 3: 0781 Darden, C. R. 4: 0452 Dauphin County, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Dawkins, Maurice 2: 0531 Dawson, William L. 3: 0601 Deacons for Defense and Justice 3: 0186 Decatur, Georgia rape case 10: 0260 Coatesville, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Cobb, Calvin C. 6: 0001 Cobb, Preston 6: 0001 Cocoa, Florida NAACP youth council 3: 0550 Colleges and universities Alabama, University of 6: 0001 Illinois, University of 3: 0781 Kent State University 8: 0018 North Texas State University 9: 0212 Ohio State University 8: 0018 Savannah State College 10: 0805 Stanford University 9: 0356, 0499 students 3: 0375 Talladega College 4: 0452 Washburn University 4: 0001 Colorado Colorado Springs NAACP branch 3: 0371 Colorado Springs, Colorado NAACP branch 3: 0371 Columbus, Ohio NAACP branch 8: 0018 Combre, Doretha A. 9: 0212 Communism 5: 0001; 6: 0001 see also Anticommunism Compton, California NAACP branch 2: 0531 Confederate flag 4: 0126 Congo 8: 0001 Congress, U.S. civil rights legislation in 4: 0238; 7: 0668 Illinois members’ voting records 3: 0601, 0781 New York members’ voting records 7: 0668 see also Congressional districts Congressional districts NAACP branches by 1: 0226 reapportionment of 6: 0797 Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) 7: 0001 see also American Federation of Labor– Congress of Industrial Organizations Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) 3: 0186; 4: 0452, 0523; 5: 0209; 7: 0181, 0227, 0668; 8: 0481 Connecticut Bridgeport NAACP branch 3: 0375 Civil Rights Commission 8: 0774 21 Devine, Wilbur, Jr. 6: 0001 Dickerson, Earl B. 3: 0718 Dickson, Mattie 6: 0001 Direct action see Boycotts see Demonstrations and protests see Nonviolence see Sit-ins Dirksen, Everett M. 3: 0601, 0781 Discrimination see Employment discrimination see Housing discrimination see Public facilities, discrimination in see Schools, segregated see Segregation District of Columbia March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom 3: 0001, 0375; 10: 0805 NAACP branch 3: 0495 Dixon, Samuel 3: 0375 Douglas, Paul H. 3: 0601, 0781 Dudley, Edward R. 7: 0473 Duncan, Clarence H. 7: 0001 Eagle Restaurant and Wilmington Parking Authority v. William H. Burton 3: 0508 East Elmhurst, New York Corona–East Elmhurst NAACP branch 5: 0424 Economic Opportunity, Office of Louisiana 4: 0126 Ecorse, Michigan River Rouge–Ecorse NAACP branch 4: 0328 Education Arizona 2: 0495 California 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0186; 10: 0144 Connecticut 3: 0375 federal aid to education 3: 0186; 6: 0001; 9: 0356 Florida 3: 0550 Illinois 3: 0601, 0718; 10: 0343 Indiana 10: 0343 Kansas 4: 0001 Maryland 4: 0181 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Michigan 10: 0343 Delaware fair employment practices legislation 3: 0508 Wilmington NAACP branch 3: 0508 DeLoatch, Gladys 7: 0001 Democratic Party 1960 civil rights platform 6: 0001; 7: 0473 Demonstrations and protests Albany, New York 7: 0668 anti–Proposition 18 rally 2: 0531 Bank of America picketing 2: 0531 Biloxi, Mississippi, beaches 10: 0394 civil rights rally 9: 0664 Freedom March 3: 0186 Freedom Rally 3: 0375 freedom rides 4: 0001; 7: 0001 Long Island, New York 7: 0668 March on Albany [New York] 7: 0227 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom 3: 0001, 0375; 10: 0805 murder of Patrice Lumumba 6: 0001 nonviolence workshop 2: 0495 Prayer Pilgrimage 2: 0531; 6: 0001 public facilities desegregation attempts 10: 0394 southern states 10: 0692, 0766, 0805, 0862 to support Alabama voting rights efforts 4: 0001 to support Birmingham, Alabama, civil rights protesters 9: 0212 to support Martin Luther King Jr. 3: 0601 to support southern sit-ins 2: 0710; 3: 0001, 0186, 0875; 4: 0238, 0328; 5: 0209, 0541; 6: 0001; 7: 0227; 8: 0018, 0476, 0659; 9: 0664 Tacoma, Washington, school board picketing 8: 0514 Vero Beach, Florida 3: 0550 Waco, Texas 9: 0212 Youth March for Integrated Schools 6: 0001 see also Boycotts see also Sit-ins Desegregation see Public facilities, desegregation of see School desegregation see under Buses Des Moines, Iowa fair employment practices ordinance 3: 0939 NAACP branch 3: 0939 Detroit, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Devine, Samuel L. 8: 0018 22 Missouri 4: 0523 New England states 8: 0774 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0541; 6: 0001; 7: 0001 southern states 2: 0001 textbooks 4: 0328; 6: 0001 western states 2: 0140; 10: 0976 Wisconsin 10: 0343 see also Colleges and universities see also Head Start see also School desegregation see also Schools see also Schools, segregated see also Students see also Vocational education and training Eisenhower, Dwight D. 6: 0001; 9: 0001 Elections 1956 5: 0424 1958 6: 0001; 7: 0001; 8: 0192 1960 4: 0523; 5: 0001, 0209; 8: 0774; 10: 0692 1964 7: 0473; 10: 0489, 0829 1965 7: 0473 Amityville, New York, school board 6: 0001 Bronx, New York 5: 0335 Copiague, New York, school board 6: 0001 New Orleans, Louisiana 4: 0126 Nyack, New York 7: 0001 Sandifer, Jawn—municipal court judgeship campaign 7: 0668 Elizabeth, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Emancipation Proclamation 6: 0001 Emergency Public Integration Committee 4: 0238 Employment Arizona 2: 0495 California 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0001, 0186; 10: 0144 Connecticut 3: 0375 Delaware 3: 0508 District of Columbia 3: 0495 Georgia 10: 0212, 0260 Illinois 3: 0781; 10: 0343 Indiana 10: 0343 Kansas 4: 0001 Maine 4: 0176 Michigan 4: 0328; 10: 0343 Missouri 4: 0523 Nevada 5: 0001 New England states 8: 0774 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0541; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0001, 0227, 0473 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity 2: 0001; 7: 0227 southern states 2: 0001; 9: 0001; 10: 0692, 0766, 0829, 0862 Virginia 8: 0481 Washington State 8: 0514 western states 2: 0140; 10: 0976 West Virginia 8: 0625 Wisconsin 8: 0659; 10: 0343 see also Agricultural labor see also Employment discrimination see also Fair employment practices legislation see also Job training see also Labor-management relations see also Labor organizations see also Labor unions see also Migrant workers see also Right-to-work legislation Employment discrimination Connecticut 3: 0375 Florida 3: 0550 Illinois 3: 0781 Iowa 3: 0939 Kansas 4: 0001 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Michigan 4: 0328 Mississippi 4: 0452 Missouri 4: 0523 New Jersey 5: 0209 New Mexico 9: 0212 New York State 7: 0668 Ohio 8: 0018; 10: 0460 Tennessee 8: 0424 Title VII of 1964 Civil Rights Act 8: 0514; 9: 0212 western states 9: 0356, 0499; 10: 0925 see also Fair employment practices legislation Evers, Medgar W. 3: 0718; 4: 0126; 9: 0001; 10: 0394 Executive orders Kennedy, John F.—fair housing 7: 0668; 8: 0211 Exploration space program 6: 0001 Fair employment practices legislation California 2: 0531; 9: 0356, 0499, 0664; 10: 0925 Delaware 3: 0508 Illinois 3: 0601, 0781 23 Fair employment practices legislation cont. Iowa 3: 0939 Ohio 8: 0018 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 Fairfax County, Virginia NAACP branch 8: 0481 Fair housing legislation California 2: 0710; 9: 0499, 0664 federal 2: 0140; 10: 0925 Illinois 3: 0781 Massachusetts 4: 0238 New York State 5: 0541; 6: 0797; 7: 0001, 0227, 0473, 0668 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 Washington State Supreme Court ruling against 8: 0514 Wisconsin 8: 0659 Fairwell, Rufus 7: 0181 Farmer, James 3: 0186; 6: 0001, 0797 Faubus, Orval E. 6: 0001 Faulk, Clarence H., Jr. 3: 0375 Fayette County, Tennessee registered voters, harassment of 7: 0473 voter registration 7: 0227 Federal aid to education 3: 0186; 6: 0001; 9: 0356 Federal boards, committees, and commissions Federal Housing Administration 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0668; 8: 0018 Interstate Commerce Commission 2: 0001; 8: 0514 National Labor Relations Board 6: 0001; 7: 0668 President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity 2: 0001; 7: 0227 President’s Committee on Government Contracts 9: 0499 Federal Housing Administration 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0668; 8: 0018 Ferguson, William M. 4: 0001 Field Foundation 7: 0473 Findley, Ralph W. 4: 0328 Flint, Michigan civil rights legislation 4: 0328 NAACP branch 4: 0328 Flood, Curt 4: 0523 Florida Cocoa NAACP youth council 3: 0550 Legislative Investigating Committee 3: 0550 Miami sit-ins 7: 0668 NAACP State Conference 3: 0550; 9: 0001 St. Augustine 10: 0829 Tampa NAACP branch 3: 0550 Vero Beach demonstrations 3: 0550 Floyd, Homer C. 4: 0001 Flushing, New York NAACP branch 5: 0541 Folsom prison [California] 9: 0664 Ford, Velma 3: 0001 Fort Madison, Iowa NAACP branch 3: 0939 Fort Scott [Kansas] Human Relations Council 4: 0001 Fort Worth, Texas schools 9: 0212 Foundations Field Foundation 7: 0473 Fowler, George H. 7: 0227 Francois, Terry 3: 0186 Fraternal organizations Independent Benevolent Protective Order of the Elks of the World 6: 0001 Freedom Fund California 2: 0710; 3: 0186 Connecticut 3: 0375 Georgia 10: 0260 Illinois 3: 0601, 0718; 10: 0343 Indiana 10: 0343 Kansas 4: 0001 Maryland 4: 0181 Michigan 10: 0343 New England states 8: 0774 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0335, 0541; 6: 0797; 7: 0473 Ohio 8: 0018 southern states 9: 0001 Washington State 8: 0514 Wisconsin 10: 0343 Freedom rides 4: 0001; 7: 0001 Freeport, New York Freeport-Roosevelt NAACP branch 5: 0541 24 Fresno, California schools 3: 0186 Friendship House 3: 0601 Fund-raising, NAACP Arizona 2: 0495 California 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0001 Florida 3: 0550 Georgia 10: 0212 Illinois 3: 0718, 0781 Indiana 3: 0875 Kansas 4: 0001 Michigan 4: 0328 Mississippi 10: 0394 Missouri 4: 0523 New York State 5: 0335; 6: 0001 Ohio 10: 0534 Oregon 8: 0192 Selma Emergency Fund Committee 3: 0875 southern states 2: 0001 to support southern sit-ins 3: 0601 western states 2: 0140; 9: 0499, 0664 see also Freedom Fund Fuqua, Carl A. 3: 0718 Gabriel, Nina Theresa 6: 0001 Gaither, Thomas 3: 0186 Galesburg, Illinois NAACP branch 3: 0781 Gantt, Harvey 6: 0001 Garland, Thomas 4: 0001 Georgia Atlanta public facilities, discrimination in 7: 0668 Augusta racial violence 10: 0260 Decatur rape case 10: 0260 Macon bus boycott 10: 0260 NAACP State Conference 3: 0598; 9: 0001; 10: 0212, 0260 Savannah State College 10: 0805 Geyer, Elizabeth 2: 0140 Gibbs, James 3: 0375 Gibson, Althea 5: 0001 Gibson, Ford 3: 0875 Gibson, Herman 4: 0328 Gibson, Theodore R. 3: 0550 Gilmer, Samuel 4: 0181 Gloucester County, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Goady, Charles W. 6: 0001 Gordon, Effie 6: 0001 Gordon, Thomas S. 3: 0601 Government, U.S. executive orders Kennedy, John F.—fair housing 7: 0668; 8: 0211 Federal Housing Administration 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0668; 8: 0018 Interstate Commerce Commission 2: 0001; 8: 0514 National Labor Relations Board 6: 0001; 7: 0668 President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity 2: 0001; 7: 0227 President’s Committee on Government Contracts 9: 0499 White House Conference on Children and Youth 7: 0668 see also Congress, U.S. Graham, Lorenz 5: 0424 Grand Rapids, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Gray, Kenneth J. 3: 0781 Great Neck, New York Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington– Roslyn NAACP branch 5: 0541 Greenberg, Jack 3: 0718 Greene, Joseph, Jr. 5: 0209 Greensboro, North Carolina NAACP branch 8: 0001 Greenstein, Barry 4: 0181 Greenwich Village, New York Greenwich Village–Chelsea NAACP branch 5: 0541 Gregory, Dick 4: 0452; 7: 0001 Guyot, Lawrence 4: 0452 25 Federal Housing Administration 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0668; 8: 0018 Georgia 10: 0212, 0260 Illinois 3: 0601, 0718, 0781; 10: 0343 Iowa 3: 0939 Kansas 4: 0001 Kennedy, John F.—fair housing executive order 7: 0668; 8: 0211 Maine 4: 0176 Maryland 4: 0181 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Michigan 4: 0328 Mississippi 4: 0452 Missouri 4: 0523 Nevada 5: 0001 New England states 8: 0774; 10: 0608 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0335, 0541; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0001, 0181, 0227, 0473, 0668 northern states 5: 0541 Ohio 8: 0018; 10: 0460 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 southern states 2: 0001; 10: 0862 Washington State 8: 0514 western states 2: 0140 Wisconsin 8: 0659 see also Fair housing legislation see also Housing discrimination see also Real estate business Housing discrimination Ming v. Horgan 9: 0356, 0499; 10: 0925 New England states 10: 0608 New Jersey 5: 0209 O’Meara v. Washington State Board Against Discrimination 10: 0925 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 western states 9: 0356, 0499 see also Fair housing legislation Howard County, Maryland NAACP branch 4: 0181 Howard High School 3: 0508 Hudson, H. Claude 3: 0186 Hughes, Langston 2: 0710 Hughes, R. Ford 6: 0001 Human relations Pennsylvania Human Relations Act 8: 0211 workshop 2: 0710 see also Civil rights councils and commissions see also Human relations councils and commissions Hamilton, E. H. 5: 0424 Hamilton, Herman 4: 0328 Hansen, Floyd L. 4: 0001 Harlem, New York schools 7: 0001 Harper, Ethel 5: 0209 Harriman, Averell 6: 0001 Hasgill, Richard 6: 0001 Haywood County, Tennessee NAACP branch 8: 0424 registered voters, intimidation of 7: 0181 schools 8: 0424 voter registration 6: 0001 Head Start 4: 0181; 5: 0335 Health southern states 2: 0001 see also Hospitals Hedgeman, Anna A. 4: 0238 Henry, Aaron E. 10: 0394 Hicks, John J. 4: 0523 Highlander Folk School 7: 0227 Hildebrand, Richard Allen 7: 0001 Hill, Herbert 2: 0140; 4: 0238, 0428; 5: 0001; 6: 0001 Hoffman, Richard W. 3: 0601, 0781 Holloman, Thomas E. 3: 0375 Hollowell, Donald L. 6: 0001 Holmes, Amos O. 9: 0001; 10: 0212, 0260 Holt, Edgar 4: 0328 Hospitals 3: 0550, 0601; 10: 0260 Houser, George 7: 0227 Housing California 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0001, 0186; 10: 0144 Connecticut 3: 0375 Delaware 3: 0508 26 General Assembly 3: 0601 Joliet 3: 0781 Lincoln NAACP branch 3: 0781 NAACP state conference 3: 0781 University of Illinois NAACP branch 3: 0781 Independent Benevolent Protective Order of the Elks of the World 6: 0001 Indiana civil rights legislation 3: 0875 education 10: 0343 employment 10: 0343 Indianapolis NAACP branch 3: 0875 Lafayette NAACP branch 3: 0875 NAACP State Conference 3: 0875 Terre Haute NAACP branch 3: 0875 Indianapolis, Indiana NAACP branch 3: 0875 Inkster, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Insurance National Negro Insurance Association 8: 0018 Interdenominational Ministers Alliance 3: 0375; 9: 0212, 0664 International Ladies Garment Workers Union 6: 0001 International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union 8: 0192 International Longshoremen’s Association 6: 0797 Interstate Commerce Commission bus desegregation order 2: 0001; 8: 0514 Intimidation and harassment Fayette County, Tennessee 7: 0473 Haywood County, Tennessee 7: 0181 of Law, Wesley W. 9: 0001 Mississippi 4: 0452; 10: 0394 southern states 10: 0649, 0692, 0766, 0829, 0862 see also Anti-NAACP actions see also Racial violence Iowa Des Moines fair employment practices ordinance 3: 0939 NAACP branch 3: 0939 Fort Madison NAACP branch 3: 0939 Islip, New York Bay Shore–Islip NAACP branch 5: 0335 Jackson, Joseph H. 3: 0001 Jackson, Mississippi stores boycott 10: 0394 Human relations councils and commissions Burbank Human Relations Council 3: 0186 Fort Scott [Kansas] Human Relations Council 4: 0001 Illinois Commission on Human Relations 3: 0601 Junction City [Kansas] Improvement Association 4: 0001 Las Vegas Human Rights Commission 5: 0001 Lawrence [Kansas] Human Relations Commission 4: 0001 Manhattan [Kansas] Council on Human Relations 4: 0001 Maryland Commission on Interracial Problems 4: 0181 Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations [Joliet, Illinois] 3: 0781 Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations [Rochester, New York] 7: 0181 Mississippi Council on Human Relations 4: 0452 Missouri Commission on Human Rights 10: 0438 St. Louis Council on Human Relations 4: 0523 Salina [Kansas] Council on Human Relations 4: 0001 State Commission for Human Rights [New York] 7: 0668 West Virginia Human Rights Commission 8: 0625 Wichita [Kansas] Human Relations Commission 4: 0001 see also Civil rights councils and commissions Humphrey, Hubert H. 4: 0523 Huntington, West Virginia NAACP branch 8: 0625 Hurley, Ruby 10: 0649, 0692, 0766, 0829, 0862 Hurst, Lloyd L. 6: 0001 Idaho antimiscegenation laws repeal 10: 0925 Illinois Chicago NAACP branch 3: 0601, 0718; 10: 0343 Commission on Human Relations 3: 0601 Danville NAACP branch 3: 0781 fair employment practices legislation 3: 0601, 0781 fair housing legislation 3: 0781 Galesburg NAACP branch 3: 0781 27 Salina Council on Human Relations 4: 0001 Topeka NAACP branch 4: 0001 Washburn University 4: 0001 Wichita Human Relations Commission 4: 0001 Keating, Kenneth 6: 0001 Kefauver, Estes 9: 0356 Kennard, Clyde 10: 0394 Kennedy, Edward M. 4: 0238 Kennedy, John F. administration 7: 0668 civil rights legislation voting record 4: 0238 comments on civil rights 8: 0514 fair housing executive order 7: 0668; 8: 0211 Kennedy, Robert F. 7: 0001 Kent State University 8: 0018 Kerr, Clark 9: 0499 Keyes, James 3: 0375 King, Martin Luther, Jr. 2: 0531; 3: 0601, 0781; 4: 0523 “Kissing case,” Monroe, North Carolina 6: 0001; 7: 0001 Kluczynski, John C. 3: 0601 Kopchynski, G. Harold 6: 0001 Ku Klux Klan 2: 0140; 10: 0862 Labor see Agricultural labor see Employment see Employment discrimination see Fair employment practices legislation see Job training see Labor-management relations see Labor organizations see Labor unions see Migrant workers see Right-to-work legislation Labor-management relations National Labor Relations Board 6: 0001; 7: 0668 Labor organizations Negro American Labor Council 3: 0375, 0875; 4: 0523; 7: 0668 Jackson, Missouri recreational facilities 4: 0523 Jacobs, Jessie 3: 0875 Jamaica, New York NAACP branch 6: 0797 Japanese American Citizens League 3: 0601, 0781 Jefferson County, Mississippi NAACP branch 10: 0862 Job training Indiana 3: 0875 Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962 5: 0335 New York State 5: 0335 see also Vocational education and training Johnson, J. A., Sr. 3: 0508 Johnson, Lyndon B. civil rights legislation voting record 4: 0238 Morsell, John A.—criticism 6: 0001 Johnson, Rafer 5: 0001 Johnson, William O. 3: 0375 Joliet, Illinois Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations 3: 0781 NAACP branch 3: 0781 Jones, Farrell 6: 0001 Jones, James E. 3: 0186 Jones, Madison 2: 0531 Jones, Theodore A., Jr. 3: 0601 Jordan, Vernon E., Jr. 10: 0260 Junction City [Kansas] Improvement Association 4: 0001 Kansas Act Against Discrimination 4: 0001 Advisory Council on Civil Rights 4: 0001 civil rights legislation 4: 0001 Commission on Civil Rights 4: 0001 Fort Scott Human Relations Council 4: 0001 Junction City Improvement Association 4: 0001 Lawrence Human Relations Commission 4: 0001 Manhattan Council on Human Relations 4: 0001 NAACP State Conference 4: 0001 28 Labor unions AFL-CIO 4: 0181; 5: 0001; 7: 0668; 9: 0212, 0499; 10: 0489 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters 4: 0523 Building Service Employees International Union 4: 0328 CIO 7: 0001 discrimination by 3: 0939; 4: 0238; 5: 0001, 0209; 7: 0001, 0668 International Ladies Garment Workers Union 6: 0001 International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union 8: 0192 International Longshoremen’s Association 6: 0797 NAACP and 3: 0718; 6: 0001 Seafarer’s International Union 3: 0186 Teamsters Union 9: 0499 UAW 4: 0328; 6: 0001 United Packinghouse Workers of America 3: 0939 United Steelworkers of America 6: 0001; 7: 0668; 10: 0212, 0260 Lafayette, Indiana NAACP branch 3: 0875 Lake County, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Lakeview, New York NAACP branch 6: 0797 Lancaster, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Lansing, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Las Vegas, Nevada NAACP branch 5: 0001 Las Vegas Human Rights Commission 5: 0001 Law, Wesley W. 8: 0514; 9: 0001 Lawrence, Charles 7: 0227 Lawrence [Kansas] Human Relations Commission 4: 0001 Laws, Clarence A. 9: 0212 Leadership Conference on Civil Rights 4: 0181 Leadership training conferences, NAACP Region II 4: 0328 Region IV 4: 0428 Lee, John W. 6: 0001 Lee, Nathaniel C. 10: 0489, 0534 Legal cases barbershop discrimination 3: 0001 Beckwith, Byron de la—murder trial 10: 0829 Brown v. Board of Education 4: 0523; 6: 0001; 7: 0181; 8: 0018, 0659 Eagle Restaurant and Wilmington Parking Authority v. William H. Burton 3: 0508 Ming v. Horgan 9: 0356, 0499; 10: 0925 Monroe, North Carolina, “kissing” case 6: 0001; 7: 0001 NAACP v. Alabama 9: 0001 O’Meara v. Washington State Board Against Discrimination 10: 0925 rape 4: 0181; 5: 0335; 10: 0260 sit-ins 8: 0402 Legislation, federal civil rights 3: 0601, 0781; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0227, 0473, 0668; 8: 0018, 0192, 0774; 9: 0001, 0212, 0664 fair housing 2: 0140; 10: 0925 federal aid to education 3: 0186; 6: 0001; 9: 0356 Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962 5: 0335 voting rights 3: 0186; 7: 0227 see also Civil Rights Act of 1964 see also Legislation, state and local see also Voting Rights Act of 1965 Legislation, state and local California antimiscegenation act repeal 9: 0499; 10: 0925 civil rights 2: 0140; 3: 0186; 9: 0499, 0664; 10: 0144, 0976 fair employment practices 2: 0531; 9: 0356, 0499, 0664; 10: 0925 fair housing 2: 0710; 9: 0499, 0664 Governor’s Code of Fair Practices 2: 0710 Proposition 14 3: 0186 Proposition 18 2: 0531 right-to-work 2: 0531, 0710 San Mateo fair employment practices ordinance 9: 0499 Unruh civil rights ordinance 10: 0925 Connecticut civil rights 8: 0774; 10: 0608 Delaware fair employment practices 3: 0508 Idaho antimiscegenation law repeal 10: 0925 Illinois fair employment practices 3: 0601, 0781 fair housing 3: 0781 Indiana civil rights 3: 0875 29 Legislation, state and local cont. Iowa Des Moines fair employment practices ordinance 3: 0939 Kansas Act Against Discrimination 4: 0001 civil rights 4: 0001 Louisiana pupil placement 9: 0212 Maryland civil rights 4: 0181 Montgomery County public accommodations ordinance 4: 0181 Massachusetts civil rights 8: 0774; 10: 0608 fair housing 4: 0238 Michigan Flint civil rights 4: 0328 Missouri St. Louis civil rights 4: 0523 Nevada antimiscegenation law repeal 10: 0925 New York State civil rights 6: 0001 fair housing 5: 0541; 6: 0797; 7: 0001, 0227, 0473, 0668 Schenectady fair housing ordinance 7: 0473 Ohio fair employment practices 8: 0018 Pennsylvania fair employment practices 8: 0211 fair housing 8: 0211 Human Relations Act 8: 0211 Rhode Island civil rights 8: 0774; 10: 0608 right-to-work 2: 0531, 0710; 4: 0523; 8: 0018; 9: 0499 segregation 10: 0649, 0692 Utah civil rights 9: 0499 Washington State civil rights 8: 0514; 10: 0925 fair housing 8: 0514 Wisconsin fair housing 8: 0659 Madison antidiscrimination ordinance 8: 0659 Lewis, Alfred Baker 4: 0428 Lewis, Isaac 4: 0452 Libraries desegregation—Georgia 10: 0212 New York Public Library, Schomburg Collection 7: 0227 segregated—southern states 7: 0227 Life memberships, NAACP Missouri 4: 0523 New York State 6: 0001; 7: 0181 western states 2: 0140 Lincoln, Illinois NAACP branch 3: 0781 Little Rock, Arkansas Central High School 6: 0001; 7: 0001 Lobbying New York State NAACP legislative program 7: 0668 Long, Russell B. 9: 0212 Long Island, New York Astoria NAACP branch 5: 0335 Central Long Island NAACP branch 6: 0001 Nassau County schools 6: 0001 Suffolk County schools 6: 0001 urban renewal protest 7: 0668 Wyandanch schools 6: 0001 Lopes, Vivian 3: 0375 Los Angeles, California Budweiser boycott 9: 0499 NAACP branch 2: 0531; 10: 0144 Watts riot 10: 0976 Louisiana NAACP state conference 9: 0212 New Orleans 4: 0126; 6: 0001; 7: 0001; 9: 0212 Office of Economic Opportunity 4: 0126 pupil placement act 9: 0212 Ludden, Willie B. 10: 0805 Lumumba, Patrice 3: 0186; 6: 0001 Lynching of Parker, Mack Charles 6: 0001; 9: 0001 see also Murder McCraven, Carl C. 3: 0186 McDew, Charles 4: 0452 Mack, Peter F., Jr. 3: 0781 Mack, Robert F. 4: 0523 Mack, Shelby 4: 0328 Macon, Georgia bus boycott 10: 0260 McVey, William E. 3: 0601, 0781 30 Matthews, Ray 4: 0238 Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations [Joliet, Illinois] 3: 0781 Meany, George 7: 0668 Media, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Membership, NAACP Arizona 2: 0495 California 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0186; 10: 0144 Richmond 3: 0001 Connecticut 3: 0375 Delaware 3: 0508 Florida 3: 0550 Georgia 10: 0212, 0260 Illinois 3: 0781; 10: 0343 Chicago 3: 0601, 0718 Indiana 3: 0875; 10: 0343 Iowa 3: 0939 Louisiana New Orleans 4: 0126 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Michigan 4: 0328; 10: 0343 Minnesota St. Paul 4: 0428 Missouri 4: 0523 Nevada 5: 0001 New England states 8: 0774 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0335; 6: 0797; 7: 0001 Central Long Island 6: 0001 Schenectady 7: 0473 Ohio 8: 0018; 10: 0534 southern states 2: 0001; 9: 0001; 10: 0692, 0766, 0805 western states 2: 0140; 9: 0356 Wisconsin 10: 0343 see also Life memberships, NAACP Memphis, Tennessee NAACP branch 8: 0424 Meredith, James 4: 0328, 0452 Methodist Church Zion Methodist Church 5: 0001 see also African Methodist Episcopal Church Miami, Florida sit-ins 7: 0668 Michigan Cass County NAACP branch 4: 0328 Detroit NAACP branch 4: 0328 Flint 4: 0328 Grand Rapids NAACP branch 4: 0328 Madison, Wisconsin antidiscrimination ordinance 8: 0659 Citizens for Fair Housing 8: 0659 NAACP branch 8: 0659 Maine Portland NAACP branch 4: 0176 Malcolm X 6: 0797 Manhasset, New York Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington– Roslyn NAACP branch 5: 0541 Manhattan [Kansas] Council on Human Relations 4: 0001 Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962 5: 0335 Marchand, Clarence, Jr. 4: 0126 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom 3: 0001, 0375; 10: 0805 Maricopa County, Arizona NAACP branch 2: 0495 Marine Corps, U.S. 4: 0126 Marion County, West Virginia NAACP branch 8: 0625 Marshall, Thurgood 3: 0718; 4: 0523; 6: 0001, 0797; 8: 0211 Martin, Louise 7: 0227 Maryland Anne Arundel County NAACP branch 4: 0181 civil rights legislation 4: 0181 Commission on Interracial Problems 4: 0181 Howard County NAACP branch 4: 0181 Montgomery County 4: 0181 Harriet Tubman High School, Howard County 4: 0181 Mason, Noah M. 3: 0781 Massachusetts Berkshire County NAACP branch 4: 0238 Boston 4: 0238 civil rights legislation 8: 0774; 10: 0608 fair housing legislation 4: 0238 Pittsfield urban renewal 4: 0238 South Middlesex NAACP branch 4: 0238 South Shore NAACP branch 4: 0238 Massachusetts Board of Rabbis 4: 0238 Massive resistance southern states 4: 0523 31 NAACP State Conference 4: 0523; 10: 0438 see also St. Louis, Missouri Mitchell, Clarence M., III 3: 0718 Mitchell, Clarence M., Jr. 4: 0428; 8: 0451 Mitchell, James P. 4: 0523 Monroe, North Carolina golf course 8: 0001 “kissing” case 6: 0001; 7: 0001 NAACP branch 8: 0001 Montclair, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Monterey, California NAACP branch 2: 0531 schools 9: 0664 Montgomery [Alabama] bus boycott 6: 0001; 9: 0356 Montgomery County, Maryland NAACP branch 4: 0181 public accommodations ordinance 4: 0181 Moore, Clifford 5: 0209 Moore, Harriette 3: 0550 Moore, Harry T. 3: 0550 Morris, S. S. 3: 0718 Morris County, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Morsell, John A. criticism of Lyndon B. Johnson 6: 0001 Moses, Bob 4: 0452 Murder trial of Byron de la Beckwith 10: 0829 see also Lynching Murray, James C. 3: 0601 Muskegon, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Myers, Malinda 7: 0473 NAACP v. Alabama 9: 0001 Nashville, Tennessee NAACP branch 8: 0424 theater desegregation 7: 0227 Nassau County, New York schools 6: 0001 Natchez, Mississippi NAACP branch 10: 0394, 0862 Michigan cont. Inkster NAACP branch 4: 0328 Lake County NAACP branch 4: 0328 Lansing NAACP branch 4: 0328 Muskegon NAACP branch 4: 0328 River Rouge–Ecorse NAACP branch 4: 0328 Ypsilanti NAACP branch 4: 0328 Migrant workers 5: 0209, 0541; 6: 0001; 7: 0181 Military conflicts Vietnam War 5: 0209 Military personnel see Armed forces Mill Creek Valley [St. Louis] slum clearance program 4: 0523 Miller, Loren 2: 0710 Miller, Marion 3: 0186 Milwaukee, Wisconsin NAACP branch 8: 0659 Ming v. Horgan 9: 0356, 0499; 10: 0925 Minnesota St. Paul NAACP branch 4: 0428 Minor, Melvin 3: 0186 Minstrel shows 6: 0001; 9: 0356 Mississippi Biloxi beach demonstration 10: 0394 boycott of Mississippi-made products 3: 0186; 5: 0541; 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0473 Clarksdale 4: 0452 Coahoma County 4: 0452; 7: 0668 Council on Human Relations 4: 0452 Freedom Democratic Party 4: 0452 Jackson stores boycott 10: 0394 Jefferson County NAACP branch 10: 0862 NAACP State Conference 4: 0452; 9: 0001; 10: 0394 Natchez NAACP branch 10: 0394, 0862 Parchman penitentiary 7: 0001 Poplarville 6: 0001 voter registration project 10: 0534 White Citizens Councils 7: 0473 see also Operation Mississippi Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party 4: 0452 Missouri Commission on Human Rights 10: 0438 Jackson recreational facilities 4: 0523 Missionary Baptist convention 4: 0523 32 National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women’s Clubs Inc. 6: 0001 National Baptist Convention U.S.A. 3: 0001 National conventions, NAACP 1956 3: 0001; 4: 0238; 5: 0424; 6: 0001, 0797; 8: 0774 1957 2: 0531; 6: 0797 1958 3: 0001; 7: 0001; 9: 0001 1959 2: 0710; 4: 0523; 6: 0001, 0797; 9: 0001 1960 3: 0001, 0601; 5: 0209; 6: 0797; 7: 0227, 0473 1961 3: 0495; 6: 0001, 0797; 8: 0211, 0774 1962 3: 0186; 4: 0328; 6: 0001; 7: 0668; 8: 0211, 0514; 9: 0212; 10: 0766, 0805 1964 3: 0001; 7: 0227; 10: 0829 1965 3: 0939; 5: 0209, 0541; 6: 0797; 8: 0211, 0451; 10: 0862 National Deliverance Day of Prayer 2: 0710 National Labor Relations Board 6: 0001; 7: 0668 National Negro Insurance Association 8: 0018 National office, NAACP board of directors 6: 0001 condemnation of White Citizens Council 8: 0774 directory 1: 0226, 0353, 0530, 0727 goals 2: 0001 history 2: 0001, 0140; 4: 0523 policy statement on Nation of Islam 4: 0181 structure 2: 0140 see also National conventions, NAACP Nation of Islam NAACP policy statement on 4: 0181 Negro American Labor Council 3: 0375, 0875; 4: 0523; 7: 0668 Negro History Week 2: 0480; 3: 0186, 0375; 6: 0001, 0797; 8: 0211, 0774; 9: 0664 Neighborhood Youth Corps 5: 0335 Nevada AFL-CIO 5: 0001; 9: 0499 antimiscegenation laws repeal 10: 0925 Las Vegas NAACP branch 5: 0001 Reno-Sparks NAACP branch 5: 0001 Nevada Voters League 5: 0001 New Brunswick, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 New England Regional Conference, NAACP 8: 0774; 9: 0765; 10: 0608 New Haven, Connecticut NAACP branch 3: 0375 New Jersey Camden NAACP branch 5: 0209 Conference for the Rights of Migrant Workers 5: 0209 Elizabeth NAACP branch 5: 0209 Gloucester County NAACP branch 5: 0209 Montclair NAACP branch 5: 0209 Morris County NAACP branch 5: 0209 New Brunswick NAACP branch 5: 0209 Paterson NAACP branch 5: 0209 Plainfield NAACP branch 5: 0209 Roselle NAACP branch 5: 0209 Somerville, NAACP branch 5: 0209 Trenton NAACP branch 5: 0209 New London, Connecticut NAACP branch 3: 0375 Newman, I. DeQuincey 8: 0402 New Mexico Cannon Air Force base 9: 0212 New Orleans, Louisiana Catholic schools desegregation 7: 0001; 9: 0212 NAACP branch 4: 0126 school desegregation 4: 0126; 6: 0001 New Rochelle, New York NAACP branch 7: 0001 school desegregation case 7: 0668 New York City fair housing legislation 7: 0001 NAACP branch 7: 0001 schools 5: 0424; 7: 0001, 0227 New York Public Library, Schomburg Collection 7: 0227 New York Shipping Association 6: 0797 New York State Albany Interracial Council 7: 0473 Amityville, New York, school board 6: 0001 Astoria, Long Island, NAACP branch 5: 0335 Bay Shore–Islip NAACP branch 5: 0335 Bronx NAACP branch 5: 0335 Brooklyn NAACP branch 5: 0335 Central Long Island NAACP branch 6: 0001 civil rights legislation 6: 0001 Copiague, New York, school board 6: 0001 Corona–East Elmhurst NAACP branch 5: 0424 fair housing legislation 5: 0541; 6: 0797; 7: 0001, 0227, 0473, 0668 33 Odom, Edward J. 4: 0428 O’Hara, Barratt 3: 0601 Ohio Akron NAACP branch 8: 0018 Cincinnati NAACP branch 8: 0018 Cleveland NAACP branch 8: 0018 Columbus NAACP branch 8: 0018 fair employment practices legislation 8: 0018 NAACP State Conference 10: 0460, 0489, 0534 Ohio State University interracial housing 8: 0018 Oklahoma NAACP state conference 9: 0212 O’Meara v. Washington State Board Against Discrimination 10: 0925 Operation Mississippi 3: 0001, 0371, 0375; 4: 0238; 6: 0797; 7: 0473 Orange County, California NAACP branch 2: 0531 Oregon Portland NAACP branch 8: 0192 O’Reilly, Bronson 6: 0001 Overton, L. Joseph 7: 0001 Ovington, Mary White 6: 0001 Page, Raymond 3: 0375 Palo Alto, California Palo Alto–Stanford NAACP branch 2: 0710; 10: 0144 Parchman penitentiary, Parchman, Mississippi 7: 0001 Parker, Mack Charles 6: 0001; 9: 0001 Parks, Herbert 4: 0001 Parks, Rosa 5: 0424 Pasadena, California NAACP branch 2: 0710 urban renewal 3: 0186 Paterson, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Paton, Alan 7: 0227 Patterson, Fred, Jr. 4: 0126 New York State cont. Flushing NAACP branch 5: 0541 Freeport-Roosevelt NAACP branch 5: 0541 Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington– Roslyn NAACP branch 5: 0541 Greenwich Village–Chelsea NAACP branch 5: 0541 Harlem schools 7: 0001 Jamaica NAACP branch 6: 0797 Lakeview NAACP branch 6: 0001, 0797 NAACP State Conference 7: 0668 NAACP youth councils 5: 0335, 0541; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0001, 0227 New Rochelle 7: 0001, 0668 Nyack NAACP branch 7: 0001 Rochester 7: 0181 Rockland County housing 7: 0001 Schenectady NAACP branch 7: 0473 Spring Valley NAACP branch 7: 0227 State Commission Against Discrimination 7: 0668; 8: 0774 State Commission for Human Rights 7: 0668 Williamsbridge NAACP branch 7: 0227 see also New York City New York State Employment Service 7: 0473 Nichols, D. Ward 3: 0550 Nickerson, Earl B. 6: 0001 Nixon, Richard M. 4: 0238; 8: 0774 Non-Partisan Political League 7: 0181 Nonprofit organizations and foundations Field Foundation 7: 0473 Nonviolence workshop on 2: 0495 North Carolina Greensboro NAACP branch 8: 0001 Monroe 6: 0001; 7: 0001; 8: 0001 NAACP state conference 9: 0001 Yancey County schools 8: 0001 North Texas State University 9: 0212 Norwalk, Connecticut NAACP branch 3: 0375 Nursery schools 5: 0424 Nyack, New York NAACP branch 7: 0001 Oakland, California NAACP branch 2: 0531 O’Brien, Thomas J. 3: 0601 34 New York State 5: 0541; 7: 0181, 0668 Ohio 8: 0018 western states 9: 0499 Political parties and organizations American Committee on Africa 7: 0227 Democratic Party, 1960 civil rights platform 6: 0001; 7: 0473 Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party 4: 0452 Non-Partisan Political League 7: 0181 Republican Party California 3: 0186 1960 civil rights platform 6: 0001; 7: 0473 see also Civil rights organizations Politics African Americans in John F. Kennedy administration 7: 0668 Maricopa County, Arizona 2: 0495 St. Louis, Missouri 4: 0523 see also Elections see also Government, U.S. see also Political parties and organizations see also Voter registration see also Voting rights Poplarville, Mississippi 6: 0001 Population statistics Missouri 4: 0523 Nevada 5: 0001 Portland, Maine NAACP branch 4: 0176 Portland, Oregon NAACP branch 8: 0192 Port Washington, New York Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington– Roslyn NAACP branch 5: 0541 Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr. 6: 0001; 7: 0227 Prayer Pilgrimage 2: 0531; 6: 0001 Prensky, Kathy 7: 0001 Preschool education see Head Start see Nursery schools President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity 2: 0001; 7: 0227 President’s Committee on Government Contracts 9: 0499 Price, Melvin 3: 0781 Patton, Cora M. 3: 0601 Peck, James 6: 0001 Peets, Edwin 5: 0541 Pennsylvania Allegheny-Kiski Valley NAACP branch 8: 0211 Bucks County NAACP branch 8: 0211 Coatesville NAACP branch 8: 0211 Connellsville schools 8: 0211 Dauphin County NAACP branch 8: 0211 fair employment practices legislation 8: 0211 fair housing legislation 8: 0211 Human Relations Act 8: 0211 Lancaster NAACP branch 8: 0211 Media NAACP branch 8: 0211 NAACP State Conference 8: 0211 Philadelphia NAACP branch 8: 0211 Reading NAACP branch 8: 0211 Washington NAACP branch 8: 0211 Perry, A. E., Jr. 8: 0001 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Phoenix, Arizona lunch counter sit-ins 9: 0664 Pittman, Tarea Hall 2: 0531; 9: 0664; 10: 0925 Pittsfield, Massachusetts urban renewal 4: 0238 Plainfield, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Police California 3: 0186 Connecticut 3: 0375 Delaware 3: 0508 Florida 3: 0550 Illinois 3: 0601, 0718, 0781 Mississippi 4: 0452 Missouri 4: 0523 western states 9: 0356 see also Police brutality Police brutality California 2: 0531; 3: 0186; 10: 0144 Georgia 10: 0260 Illinois 3: 0601 Iowa 3: 0939 Louisiana 4: 0126 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Michigan 4: 0328 Mississippi 10: 0394 35 Primo, Quintin E. 7: 0181 Prisons Dallas County jail 9: 0212 Florida 3: 0550 Folsom [California] 9: 0664 Parchman penitentiary, Parchman, Mississippi 7: 0001 Proposition 14 [California] 3: 0186 Proposition 18 [California] 2: 0531 Public facilities, desegregation of Georgia 10: 0260 Mississippi 10: 0394 Missouri 4: 0523 southern states 2: 0001; 10: 0862 Tennessee 7: 0227 Public facilities, discrimination in barbershops 3: 0001 Eagle Restaurant and Wilmington Parking Authority v. William H. Burton 3: 0508 Georgia 7: 0668 Illinois 3: 0718 Maryland 4: 0181 Nevada 5: 0001 Tennessee 8: 0424 Texas 9: 0212 western states 9: 0356, 0664 West Virginia 8: 0625 Public relations activities western states 2: 0140 Quad State Office, NAACP 10: 0343 Quigley, Harold 7: 0227 Race relations councils and commissions see Civil rights councils and commissions see Human relations councils and commissions Racial violence Augusta, Georgia 10: 0260 Louisiana 9: 0212 Mississippi 10: 0394 southern states 10: 0649, 0692, 0766, 0829, 0862 western states 10: 0976 see also Anti-NAACP actions see also Intimidation and harassment see also Lynching see also Murder Racine, Wisconsin NAACP branch 8: 0659 Randolph, A. Philip 4: 0181; 7: 0668 David Ranken School of Mechanical Trades 4: 0523 Rape cases 4: 0181; 5: 0335; 10: 0260 Reading, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 Real estate business San Fernando Valley Board of Realtors code of fair practices 3: 0186 Seattle Real Estate Association 10: 0925 Recreational facilities California 10: 0144 Georgia 10: 0212 Mississippi 10: 0394 Missouri 4: 0523 North Carolina 8: 0001 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 southern states 10: 0649 Reed, Eugene T. 6: 0001 Regional conventions, NAACP New England 1956–1961 9: 0765 1959 8: 0774 1961 8: 0774 Southeast 1958–1960 9: 0001 1960 10: 0001 1961 10: 0692 1962 10: 0001, 0766 1964 10: 0001, 0829 1965 10: 0001, 0862 West Coast 1959 10: 0094 1961 10: 0094 Regional offices, NAACP directory 1: 0001–0879 New England 8: 0774; 9: 0765; 10: 0608 Quad State Office 10: 0343 Southeast 9: 0001; 10: 0001, 0649–0862 Southwest 9: 0212 West Coast 9: 0356–0664; 10: 0094, 0925– 0976 see also Regional conventions, NAACP Religion 2: 0710; 4: 0001, 0523; 5: 0001; 6: 0001 see also Churches see also Clergy see also Religious organizations Religious organizations Baptist Ministers Union 9: 0664 Interdenominational Ministers Alliance 3: 0375; 9: 0212, 0664 National Baptist Convention U.S.A. 3: 0001 36 Nation of Islam—NAACP policy statement on 4: 0181 United Church Women 4: 0328 see also African Methodist Episcopal Church see also Baptist Church see also Catholic Church see also Churches see also Methodist Church Reno, Nevada Reno-Sparks NAACP branch 5: 0001 Republican Party California 3: 0186 1960 civil rights platform 6: 0001; 7: 0473 Reuther, Walter P. 4: 0328, 0523; 6: 0001 Rhode Island civil rights legislation 8: 0774; 10: 0608 Richmond, California NAACP branch 3: 0001 Riddick, Alberta 5: 0209 Right to vote see Voting rights Right-to-work legislation NAACP opposition to 2: 0531, 0710; 4: 0523; 8: 0018; 9: 0499 River Rouge, Michigan River Rouge–Ecorse NAACP branch 4: 0328 Robertson, Peter 10: 0438 Robinson, Jackie 2: 0531; 6: 0001; 8: 0018; 9: 0356 Robinson, P. T. 3: 0001 Robinson, Sherman 3: 0375 Rochester, New York Mayor’s Committee on Human Relations 7: 0181 NAACP branch 7: 0181 Rockefeller, Nelson A. 4: 0523 Rockland County, New York housing 7: 0001 Rodgers, Timmie 6: 0001 Roosevelt, Eleanor 4: 0001 Roosevelt, New York Freeport-Roosevelt NAACP branch 5: 0541 Roselle, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Roslyn, New York Great Neck–Manhasset–Port Washington– Roslyn NAACP branch 5: 0541 Rux, Karen 7: 0227 Sacramento, California NAACP branch 3: 0186 St. Augustine, Florida 10: 0829 St. Louis, Missouri American Jewish Committee chapter 4: 0523 Board of Education 4: 0523 civil rights legislation 4: 0523 Council on Human Relations 4: 0523 government employees 4: 0523 Mill Creek Valley slum clearance program 4: 0523 NAACP branch 4: 0523 politics 4: 0523 Urban League chapter 4: 0523 urban renewal 4: 0523 St. Paul, Minnesota NAACP branch 4: 0428 St. Paul AME Church [Missouri] 4: 0523 Salina [Kansas] Council on Human Relations 4: 0001 Salt Lake City, Utah NAACP branch 8: 0476 Sandifer, Jawn 6: 0001; 7: 0001, 0668 San Fernando Valley, California Board of Realtors 3: 0186 NAACP branch 3: 0186 San Francisco, California fair employment practices ordinance 9: 0356 NAACP branch 3: 0186 police 3: 0186 San Jose, California NAACP branch 3: 0186 San Mateo, California fair employment practices ordinance 9: 0499 Santa Barbara, California NAACP branch 3: 0186 Santa Monica, California Santa Monica–Venice NAACP branch 3: 0186 Santa Rosa, California NAACP branch 3: 0186 Saunders, Robert W. 10: 0829 Savannah State College 10: 0805 37 see also School desegregation see also Schools, segregated see also Students Schools, segregated Connecticut 3: 0375 Illinois 3: 0601 New York State 5: 0541; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0001, 0181, 0227 northern states 7: 0001, 0227 Ohio 10: 0489 Washington State 8: 0514 western states 9: 0664 Wisconsin 8: 0659 see also School busing see also School desegregation Scott, Dred 4: 0523 Scott, John Henry 9: 0212 Scott, William 7: 0227 Seafarers International Union 3: 0186 Seaside, California schools 9: 0499 Seattle, Washington NAACP branch 8: 0514 Real Estate Association 10: 0925 schools 9: 0664 Seeger, Pete 7: 0227 Segregation laws 10: 0649, 0692 see also Employment discrimination see also Housing discrimination see also Public facilities, discrimination in see also School desegregation see also Schools, segregated Selma [Alabama] Emergency Fund Committee, NAACP 3: 0875 Shagaloff, June 5: 0541; 9: 0664 Sharper, Horace P. 8: 0402 Sheehan, Timothy P. 3: 0601 Shockley, Alonzo H., Jr. 6: 0001 Shuttlesworth, Fred L. 7: 0001 Simmons, Althea T. L. 8: 0451 Schenectady, New York fair housing ordinance 7: 0473 NAACP branch 7: 0473 Schomburg Collection, New York Public Library 7: 0227 School busing northern states 7: 0227 School desegregation Arkansas 7: 0001 Brown v. Board of Education 4: 0523; 6: 0001; 7: 0181; 8: 0018, 0659 Georgia 10: 0212, 0260 Illinois 3: 0601 Louisiana 4: 0126; 6: 0001; 7: 0001; 9: 0212 Maryland 4: 0181 massive resistance 4: 0523 Mississippi 10: 0394 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 6: 0001; 7: 0001, 0227, 0668 northern states 6: 0001 Pennsylvania 6: 0001 southern states 5: 0209; 6: 0001; 7: 0227; 9: 0001; 10: 0649–0766, 0829–0862 Washington State 8: 0514 see also School busing see also Schools, segregated Schools Arkansas 6: 0001; 7: 0001 California 2: 0710; 3: 0001, 0186; 9: 0499, 0664; 10: 0144, 0925 Delaware 3: 0508 Illinois 3: 0601, 0718, 0781 Louisiana pupil placement act 9: 0212 Maryland 4: 0181 Michigan 4: 0328 Missouri 4: 0523 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0335, 0424; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0001, 0227 North Carolina 8: 0001 Ohio 10: 0460 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 South Carolina 6: 0001 Tennessee 7: 0227; 8: 0424 Texas 9: 0212 Washington State 8: 0514; 9: 0664 western states 10: 0925, 0976 see also Colleges and universities see also Education see also Nursery schools see also School busing 38 State Commission Against Discrimination [New York] 7: 0668; 8: 0774 see also State Commission for Human Rights [New York] State Commission for Human Rights [New York] 7: 0668 see also State Commission Against Discrimination [New York] State conferences, NAACP Alabama 10: 0862 Arkansas 2: 0491 directory 1: 0001–0879 Florida 9: 0001 Georgia 3: 0598; 9: 0001; 10: 0212, 0260 Illinois 3: 0781 Kansas 4: 0001 Louisiana 9: 0212 Mississippi 4: 0452; 9: 0001; 10: 0394 Missouri 4: 0523; 10: 0438 New York 7: 0668 North Carolina 9: 0001 Ohio 10: 0460–0534 Oklahoma 9: 0212 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 South Carolina 8: 0402; 9: 0001 Tennessee 9: 0001 Texas 8: 0451; 9: 0212 Virginia 8: 0481 West Virginia 8: 0625 see also State conventions, NAACP State conventions, NAACP Georgia 1959 10: 0212 1965 10: 0260 Mississippi 1960 10: 0394 1965 10: 0394 Missouri 1965 10: 0438 New York 1956 7: 0668 1958 6: 0001, 0797 1959 6: 0001 1960 7: 0473 1961 6: 0001, 0797 1962 7: 0668 Ohio 1961 10: 0460 1964 10: 0489 1965 10: 0534 Pennsylvania 1959 8: 0211 Simpson, Sid 3: 0781 Sit-ins Arizona Phoenix 9: 0664 Florida Cocoa 3: 0550 Miami 7: 0668 Georgia 10: 0260 legal cases 8: 0402 see also Demonstrations and protests Smith, A. Kendall 3: 0375 Smith, Bertha 4: 0181 Smith, Gloria E. 6: 0001 Somerville, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 South Africa 7: 0227 South Africa Defense Fund 2: 0710 South Carolina NAACP State Conference 8: 0402; 9: 0001 schools 6: 0001 Southeast Regional Office, NAACP 2: 0001; 9: 0001; 10: 0001, 0649–0862 Southern Nevada Central Labor Council, AFL-CIO 5: 0001 South Middlesex, Massachusetts NAACP branch 4: 0238 South Shore, Massachusetts NAACP branch 4: 0238 Southwest Regional Office, NAACP 9: 0212 Space exploration program 6: 0001 Sparks, Nevada Reno-Sparks NAACP branch 5: 0001 Springer, William L. 3: 0781 Spring Valley, New York 7: 0227 Stamper, James 7: 0473 Stanford, California Palo Alto–Stanford NAACP branch 2: 0710; 10: 0144 Stanford University 9: 0356, 0499 State and local employees St. Louis, Missouri 4: 0523 39 State conventions, NAACP cont. Texas 1965 8: 0451 Virginia 1957 8: 0481 West Virginia 1960 8: 0625 State legislation see Legislation, state and local State legislatures California 9: 0499 Illinois General Assembly 3: 0601 State University of New York Board of Regents de facto segregated schools policy statement 6: 0001 Steele, C. Kenzie 3: 0550 Stengel, Richard 3: 0601, 0781 Stevenson, Adlai 9: 0356 Stewart, Harry T. 5: 0424 Stratton, G. William 3: 0601, 0781 Strauss, Leonard H. 4: 0001 Strickland, Harold C. 10: 0489, 0534 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 4: 0452 Students African American Students Foundation Inc. 3: 0375 colleges 3: 0375 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 4: 0452 see also Youth Suffolk County, New York schools 6: 0001 Suffrage see Voting rights Sutton, Percy E. 7: 0001 Tacoma, Washington NAACP branch 8: 0514 school board picketing 8: 0514 Talladega College 4: 0452 Tannehill, J. C. 5: 0335 Teamsters Union 9: 0499 Tennessee Chattanooga NAACP branch 8: 0424 Fayette County 7: 0227, 0473 Haywood County 6: 0001; 7: 0181; 8: 0424 Highlander Folk School 7: 0227 Memphis NAACP branch 8: 0424 NAACP state conference 9: 0001 Nashville 7: 0227; 8: 0424 Terre Haute, Indiana NAACP branch 3: 0875 Texas AFL-CIO 9: 0212 Dallas 9: 0212 Fort Worth schools 9: 0212 NAACP State Conference 8: 0451; 9: 0212 North Texas State University 9: 0212 Waco demonstrations 9: 0212 Theaters desegregation of 7: 0227 Thomas, Latta R. 6: 0001 Tobias, Channing H. 4: 0523; 6: 0001; 7: 0473 Tolliver, Peter 7: 0181 Transportation see Buses Travis, Brenda 4: 0452 Travis, Dempsey J. 3: 0601 Trenton, New Jersey NAACP branch 5: 0209 Triggs, Jan 7: 0001 Tripp, Lester, Jr. 6: 0001 Tubman, Harriet 4: 0523; 7: 0001 Harriet Tubman High School 4: 0181 Tucker, Joe Louis 10: 0260 Tucson, Arizona NAACP branch 2: 0495 Turner, G. M. 3: 0001 Turner, Nat 6: 0797; 7: 0001 United Action Committee 7: 0181 United Automobile Workers (UAW) 4: 0328; 6: 0001 United Church Women 4: 0328 40 United Nations 7: 0181 United Packinghouse Workers of America 3: 0939 United Steelworkers of America 6: 0001; 7: 0668; 10: 0212, 0260 Unruh, California civil rights legislation 10: 0925 Uphaus, Willard 7: 0227 Urban League 4: 0523; 7: 0668 Urban renewal California 3: 0186 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Missouri 4: 0523 Nevada 5: 0001 New York State 5: 0541; 7: 0668 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 southern states 10: 0862 western states 10: 0925 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights see Civil Rights Commission, U.S. Utah civil rights legislation 9: 0499 Salt Lake City NAACP branch 8: 0476 Valdes, Laura 7: 0227 Vallejo, California NAACP branch 3: 0186 Velde, Harold H. 3: 0781 Venice, California Santa Monica–Venice NAACP branch 3: 0186 Vero Beach, Florida 3: 0550 Veterans 2: 0140 Vietnam War 5: 0209 Violence see Intimidation and harassment see Lynching see Murder see Racial violence see Rape cases Virginia Alexandria NAACP branch 8: 0481 Fairfax County NAACP branch 8: 0481 NAACP State Conference 8: 0481 Vocational education and training David Ranken School of Mechanical Trades 4: 0523 see also Job training Voter registration Arizona 2: 0495 California 2: 0531; 3: 0001, 0186 Connecticut 3: 0375 Georgia 10: 0212, 0260 Illinois 3: 0718, 0781 Indiana 3: 0875 Louisiana 4: 0126; 9: 0212 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Mississippi 4: 0452; 10: 0394, 0534 Missouri 4: 0523 Nevada 5: 0001 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 7: 0001, 0473, 0668 Ohio 8: 0018 southern states 2: 0001; 9: 0001; 10: 0649– 0766, 0829, 0862 Tennessee 6: 0001; 7: 0227 western states 2: 0140; 9: 0499, 0664 see also Voting rights see also Voting Rights Act of 1965 Voting rights disfranchisement 2: 0140 legislation 3: 0186; 7: 0227 Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party 4: 0452 Nevada Voters League 5: 0001 southern states 2: 0001 western states 2: 0140 see also Voter registration see also Voting Rights Act of 1965 Voting Rights Act of 1965 8: 0402, 0451 Vursell, Charles W. 3: 0781 Waco, Texas demonstrations in 9: 0212 Walker, Prentiss S. 5: 0001 Walling, William English 4: 0523 Ware, Helen 5: 0209 War on Poverty 2: 0710; 6: 0797; 8: 0514; 10: 0829, 0862 Head Start 4: 0181; 5: 0335 Louisiana Office of Economic Opportunity 4: 0126 Neighborhood Youth Corps 5: 0335 see also Antipoverty programs Washburn University 4: 0001 Washington, D.C. see District of Columbia 41 Williams, Franklin H. 3: 0186; 5: 0001; 6: 0001; 8: 0192; 9: 0356, 0499; 10: 0925 Williams, Ralph 3: 0375 Williams, Robert F. 4: 0523 Williams, William T. 7: 0001 Williamsbridge, New York NAACP branch 7: 0227 Willow Grove, Pennsylvania school desegregation 6: 0001 Wilmington, Delaware Howard High School 3: 0508 NAACP branch 3: 0508 Wilson, Margaret Bush 4: 0523 Wisconsin fair housing legislation 8: 0659 Madison antidiscrimination ordinance 8: 0659 Citizens for Fair Housing 8: 0659 NAACP branch 8: 0659 Milwaukee NAACP branch 8: 0659 Racine NAACP branch 8: 0659 Women in NAACP 2: 0001; 3: 0718; 4: 0328, 0523; 8: 0018; 9: 0001 see also Women’s organizations Women’s organizations National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women’s Clubs Inc. 6: 0001 United Church Women 4: 0328 Wood, Jack 4: 0428 Woodson, Morris L. 4: 0181 Workers see Agricultural labor see Employment see Employment discrimination see Fair employment practices legislation see Labor-management relations see Labor organizations see Labor unions see Migrant workers see Right-to-work legislation Wright, Herbert L. 4: 0428 Wright, Julie 10: 0692 Wyatt, Philip Y. 8: 0481 Washington, Pennsylvania NAACP branch 8: 0211 urban renewal 8: 0211 Washington State Board Against Discrimination 8: 0514 civil rights legislation 8: 0514; 10: 0925 fair housing legislation 8: 0514 Seattle 8: 0514; 9: 0664; 10: 0925 Tacoma 8: 0514 Watts riot 10: 0976 Weathers, Fred 4: 0523 Weaver, Robert C. 6: 0001 Weeks, Roger 3: 0375 West Coast Regional Office, NAACP 2: 0140; 9: 0356, 0499, 0664; 10: 0094, 0925, 0976 West Virginia Charleston NAACP branch 8: 0625 Human Rights Commission 8: 0625 Huntington NAACP branch 8: 0625 Marion County NAACP branch 8: 0625 NAACP State Conference 8: 0625 Wheatley, Phyllis 6: 0797 Wheeler, Henry Winfield 4: 0523 Whipper, William 6: 0797 White, Fletcher J. 3: 0508 White, George 7: 0001 White Citizens Council 4: 0452; 7: 0473; 8: 0774 White House Conference on Children and Youth 7: 0668 White supremacy groups 9: 0356 see also Ku Klux Klan see also White Citizens Council Wichita [Kansas] Human Relations Commission 4: 0001 Wilkins, Roy 2: 0531; 3: 0186; 4: 0428, 0523; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0227, 0473; 8: 0451; 9: 0001 Williams, Camilla 7: 0001 42 New England states 8: 0774 New Jersey 5: 0209 New York State 5: 0335, 0541; 6: 0001, 0797; 7: 0001, 0227 Ohio 8: 0018; 10: 0489, 0534 Pennsylvania 8: 0211 South Carolina 8: 0402 southern states 2: 0001; 9: 0001; 10: 0001, 0649, 0692, 0766, 0805 Virginia 8: 0481 western states 10: 0925 Neighborhood Youth Corps 5: 0335 White House Conference on Children and Youth 7: 0668 Youth March for Integrated Schools 6: 0001 see also Students Ypsilanti, Michigan NAACP branch 4: 0328 Yuma, Arizona NAACP branch 2: 0495 Zinn, Howard 6: 0797 Zion Methodist Church 5: 0001 Zuber, Paul 7: 0227 Yancey County, North Carolina schools 8: 0001 Yates, James 5: 0541 Yates, Sidney R. 3: 0601 Young, Archie 5: 0209 Young, Samuel 4: 0181 Youth NAACP youth councils California 2: 0531, 0710; 3: 0001, 0186; 10: 0144 Colorado 3: 0371 Connecticut 3: 0375 Florida 3: 0550 Georgia 10: 0260 Illinois 3: 0718, 0781 Indiana 3: 0875 Iowa 3: 0939 Louisiana 4: 0126 Massachusetts 4: 0238 Minnesota 4: 0428 Missouri 4: 0523 national convention 5: 0541 43 BLACK STUDIES RESEARCH SOURCES Microfilms from Major Archival and Manuscript Collections PAPERS OF THE NAACP Part 1. Meetings of the Board of Directors, Records of Annual Conferences, Major Speeches, and Special Reports, 1909–1970 Part 2. Personal Correspondence of Selected NAACP Officials, 1919–1939 Part 3. The Campaign for Educational Equality, 1913–1965 Part 4. The Voting Rights Campaign, 1916–1965 Part 5. The Campaign against Residential Segregation, 1914–1965 Part 6. The Scottsboro Case, 1931–1950 Part 7. The Anti-Lynching Campaign, 1912–1955 Part 8. Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System, 1910–1955 Part 9. Discrimination in the U.S. Armed Forces, 1918–1955 Part 10. Peonage, Labor, and the New Deal, 1913–1939 Part 11. Special Subject Files, 1912–1939 Part 12. Selected Branch Files, 1913–1939 Part 13. The NAACP and Labor, 1940–1965 Part 15. Segregation and Discrimination: Complaints and Responses, 1940–1955 Part 16. Board of Directors, Correspondence and Committee Materials, 1919–1965 Part 17. National Staff Files, 1940–1965 Part 18. Special Subjects, 1940–1955 Part 19. Youth File Part 20. White Resistance and Reprisals, 1956–1965 Part 21. NAACP Relations with the Modern Civil Rights Movement Part 22. Legal Department Administrative Files, 1956–1965 Part 23. Legal Department Case Files, 1956–1965 Part 24. Special Subjects, 1956–1965 Part 25. Branch Department Files Part 26. Selected Branch Files, 1940–1955 Part 27. Selected Branch Files, 1956–1965 Part 28. Special Subject Files, 1966–1970 Part 14. Race Relations in the International Arena, 1940–1955 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA www.lexisnexis.com/academic
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