annex 3 - European Commission

HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
REF.NR.: TEND/AML/2001/07/20
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES USED AS
ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ENV.A.2./ETU/2001/0024
ANNEX 3
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF –
LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
BY
WORKING GROUP
COMPOST – CONSULTING & DEVELOPMENT
TECHNICAL OFFICE FOR AGRICULTURE
DI FLORIAN AMLINGER
HOCHBERGSTR. 3
A-2380 PERCHTOLDSDORF (AUSTRIA)
WPA – CONSULTING ENGINEERS INC.
DI, DR. MICHAEL POLLAK
LACKIERERGASSE 1/4
A-1090 WIEN (AUSTRIA)
SCUOLA AGRARIA DEL PARCO DI MONZA
GRUPPO DI STUDIO SUL COMPOSTAGGIO E LA
GESTIONE INTEGRATA DEI RIFIUTI
DR. ENZO FAVOINO
VIALE CAVRIGA 3
I-20052 MONZA (ITALY)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
2
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
ANNEX 3 – INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN
FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF – LEGISLATION AND
BACKGROUND LEVELS
1 European Legislation
4
2 PTE (heavy metal) content in foodstuffs
12
3 Organic Pollutant Content in Foodstuffs
33
3.1
Dioxins
33
3.2
Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF
33
Tables :
12
Table A3- 1: Arsenic (mg kg-1)
-1
Table A3- 2: Cadmium (mg kg )
14
-1
Table A3- 3: Chromium (mg kg )
17
-1
Table A3- 4: Copper (mg kg )
21
-1
Table A3- 5: Mercury (mg kg )
24
-1
Table A3- 6: Nickel (mg kg )
25
-1
Table A3- 7: Lead (mg kg )
27
-1
Table A3- 8: Zinc (mg kg )
29
Table A3- 9:International Toxic Equivalency Factors (I-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (Kutz et al. 1980)
34
Table A3- 10:
WHO Toxic Equivalency Factors (WHO-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (van Leeuwen
and Younes 1998)
34
-1
-1
Table A3- 11: PCDD/PCDF pg I-TEQ g (pg WHO-TEQ g for feedingstuffs)
35
-1
Table A3- 12: PCB µg kg
43
-1
Table A3- 13: PAH µg kg
44
-1
Table A3- 14: HCB µg g
45
Table A3- 15: Aldrin/Dieldrin
46
Table A3- 16:
DDT and congeners µg kg-1
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
47
3
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
1 European Legislation
European Community. Commission Decision 1999/640/EC of 23 September 1999 on protective
measures with regard to contamination by dioxins of certain products of porcine and poultry origin
intended for human or animal consumption. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 253, 29 September
1999, pp. 19-31)
Article 1 of this Decision, which has been adopted having regard to, inter alia, Council Directive 90/425/EEC of 26 June 1990 concerning
veterinary and zootechnical checks applicable in intra-Community trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the
completion of the internal market (see IDHL, 1990, 41, 605, EEC 90.47), as amended by Council Directive 92/118/EEC of 17 December
1992 (see ibid., 1993, 44, 468, EEC 93.30), lays down that Belgium is to prohibit the placing on the market, including distribution to the
final consumer, the trade, and the export to third countries of a range of porcine and poultry products (as listed) which are intended for
human or animal consumption. Under Article 8, Member States are to adopt the necessary measures to bring their trade rules into
conformity with this Decision. They are to immediately inform the Commission thereof.
The following Annexes are appended: A. Minimum levels for PCB for certain products listed in Article 1(1); B. Health certificate for
products intended for human or animal consumption of Belgian origin derived from poultry and pigs listed in Article 1(1) of Decision
1999/640/EC;
C. Official declaration for poultry and hatching eggs referred to in Article 1(3) of Decision 1999/640/EC; D. Official declaration for pigs
referred to in Article 1(3) of Decision 1999/640/EEC; E. Official declaration for live animals, hatching eggs and products of Belgian
origin covered by Article 1(1) and Article 1(3) which were dispatched from Belgium after 15 January 1999; and F. Health certificate for
products of Belgian origin covered by Decision 1999/640/EC intended to be returned to Belgium from Member States.
European Community. Commission Directive 2000/81/EC of 18 December 2000 amending the
Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum
levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant
origin, including fruit and vegetables, respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 326, 22
December 2000, pp. 56-62)
Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823,
EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated, respectively, in
Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2000/82/EC of 20 December 2000 amending the
Annexes to Council Directives 76/895/EEC, 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing
of maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on fruit and vegetables, cereals, foodstuffs of animal
origin and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of
the European Communities, No. L 3, 6 January 2001, pp. 18-26)
The entries in Annex II to Directives 76/895/EEC of 23 November 1976 (see IDHL, 1977, 28, 247), 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see
ibid., 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see
ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated, respectively, in Articles 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Recommendation 2001/42/EC of 22 December 2000
concerning a coordinated Community monitoring programme for 2001 to ensure compliance with
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
4
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
maximum levels of pesticide residues in and on cereals and certain products of plant origin, including
fruit and vegetables. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 11, 16 January 2001, pp. 40-45)
This Recommendation has been made having regard to, inter alia, Council Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37,
819, EEC 86.38), as amended, and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9), as amended.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Regulation (EC) No 466/2001 of 8 March 2001 setting
maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 77, 16
March 2001, p. 1-13)
Article 1 lays down, inter alia: that the foodstuffs indicated in Annex 1 must not, when placed on the market, contain higher contaminant
levels than specified in that Annex (which comprises the following Sections: 1. Nitrates; 2. Mycotoxins; 3. Heavy metals; and 4. 3monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD)); and that the sampling and analysis methods used must be those specified therein.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2001/22/EC of 8 March 2001 laying down the
sampling methods and the methods of analysis for the official control of the levels of lead, cadmium,
mercury and 3-MCPD in foodstuffs. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 77, 16 March 2001, pp. 14-21)
This Directive has been issued having regard to, inter alia, Council Directive 85/591/EEC of 20 December 1985 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 65,
EEC 86.3). The following Annexes are appended: I. Methods of sampling for official control of the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury and
3-MCPD in certain foodstuffs; and II. Sample preparation and criteria for methods of analysis used in the official control of the levels of
lead, cadmium, mercury and 3-MCPD in certain foodstuffs.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Decision 2001/182/EC of 8 March 2001 repealing Decision
93/351/EEC determining analysis methods, sampling plans and maximum limits for mercury in
fishery products. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 77, 16 March 2001, pp. 22-23)
The above-mentioned Decision of 19 May 1993 (see IDHL, 1993, 44, 643, EEC 93.44) is repealed.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2001/35/EC of 11 May 2001 amending the Annexes
to Council Directive 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximium levels for pesticide residues in and on
certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No.
L 136, 18 May 2001, pp. 42-48)
The maximum levels listed in the Annex to this Directive replace those listed in Annex II to Directive 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990
(see IDHL, 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9), as amended.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2001/39/EC of 23 May 2001 amending the Annexes
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
5
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for
pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin,
including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 148, 1 June 2001, pp.
70-77)
The entries in Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986
(see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated,
respectively, in Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2001/48/EC of 28 June 2001 amending the Annexes
to Council Directives 86/362/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for pesticide
residues in and on cereals and certain products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables
respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 180, 3 July 2001, pp. 26-33)
Annex II to Directive 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38) and Annex II to Directive 90/642/EEC of 27
November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as set out in the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2001/57/EC of 25 July 2001 amending the Annexes
to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for
pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin,
including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 208, 1 August 2001,
pp. 36-43)
The entries in Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986
(see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as indicated,
respectively, in Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2000/58/EC of 22 September 2000 amending the
Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum
levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant
origin, including fruit and vegatables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 244, 29
September 2000, pp. 78-83)
Amendments to Annex II to Council Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24
July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) concern the addition of
the fungicide kresoxim methyl.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European
Community.
Council
Directive
1999/29/EC
22 April 1999 on the undesirable substances and products in animal nutrition. (Official Journal
of
of the
European Communities, No. L 115, 4 May 1999, pp. 32-46)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
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HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
Articles 4 and 12 of this Directive read as follows:
"Article 4
1. Member States shall prescribe that the substances and products listed in Annex I shall be tolerated in feedingstuffs only under the
conditions therein set out.
2. Member States may authorise the maximum permitted levels provided for in Annex I in respect of feedingstuffs to be exceeded in
the case of fodder which is produced and used in the same state on the same agricultural holding where this is necessary for
particular local reasons. The Member States concerned shall ensure that neither animal nor human health can suffer harm thereby."
"Article 12
1. Member States shall take all necessary measures to ensure that feedingstuffs and feed materials are officially controlled, at least by
random sampling, to verify whether the conditions laid down in this Directive are satisfied.
2. Member States shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of the name of the departments appointed to carry out
this control.
3. Member States shall prescribe that where an operator (importer, producer, etc.) or a person who, by virtue of his professional
activities, possesses, or has possessed, or has had direct contact with a consignment of feed materials or of feedingstuffs and has
knowledge to the effect that:
- the consignment of feed materials is unsuitable for any use in animal feedingstuffs because of contamination by an undesirable
substance or product listed in Annexes I and II, and therefore does not meet the provisions of Article 3(1) and consequently
constitutes a serious risk for animal and public health,
- the consignment of feedingstuffs does not meet the provisions of Annex I, and therefore constitutes a serious risk for animal and
public health, such a person or operator shall immediately inform the official authorities even if the destruction of the consignment is
envisaged.
After verifying the information received, Member States shall ensure that, in the case of a contaminated consignment, the measures
necessary are taken to ensure that the consignment is not used in animal nutrition.
Member States shall ensure that the final destination of the contaminated consignment, including possible destruction, cannot have
harmful effects on public or animal health or on the environment.
4. If a consignment of feed materials or a consignment of feedingstuffs is likely to be sent to a Member State after it has been judged
not to comply with the provisions of this Directive on account of an excessive content of undesirable substances or products in
another Member States, the latter Member State shall immediately give the other Member States and the Commission any useful
information concerning the consignment."
European Community. Commission Directive 1999/71/EC of 14 July 1999 amending the Annexes
to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for
pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin,
including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 194, 27 July 1999,
pp. 36-44)
A number of additions are made to Annex II to Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38),
86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9).
European
Community.
Commission
Regulation
(EC)
No 645/2000 of 28 March 2000 setting out detailed implementing rules necessary for the proper
functioning of certain provisions of Article 7 of Council Directive 86/362/EECa and of Article 4 of
Council Directive 90/642/EECb concerning the arrangements for monitoring the maximum levels of
pesticide residues in and on cereals and products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables,
respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 78, 29 March 2000, pp. 7-9)
Notes:
a
IDHL, 1986, 37, 819, EEC 86.38; bibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Decision of 5 April 2000 amending Decision 91/516/EEC
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
7
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
establishing a list of ingredients whose use is prohibited in compound feedingstuffs.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
(Official Journal of the
European Communities, No. L 94, 14 April 2000, pp. 43-44)
This Decision, which amends point 5 of the Annex to the above-mentioned Decision (see IDHL, 1992, 43, 107, EEC 92.12), deals with
wastewater.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2000/24/EC of 28 April 2000 amending the Annexes
to Council Directives 76/895/EEC, 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of
maximum levels for pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain
products of plant origin, including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European
Communities, No. L 107, 4 May 2000, pp. 28-37)
Council Directives 76/895/EEC of 23 November 1976 (see IDHL, 1977, 28, 24/), 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 1986, 37, 919,
EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89,
EEC 91.9) are amended as set out in the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Directive 2000/42/EC of 22 June 2000 amending the Annexes
to Council Directives 86/362/EEC, 86/363/EEC and 90/642/EEC on the fixing of maximum levels for
pesticide residues in and on cereals, foodstuffs of animal origin and certain products of plant origin,
including fruit and vegetables respectively. (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 158, 30 June 2000, pp.
51-75)
The Annexes to Council Directives 86/362/EEC of 24 July 1986 (see IDHL, 1986, 37, 919, EEC 86.38), 86/363/EEC of 24 July 1986
(see ibid., 823, EEC 86.39), and 90/642/EEC of 27 November 1990 (see ibid., 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9) are amended as set out in the
Annexes to the present Directive.
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex
European Community. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1525/98 of 16 July 1998 amending
Regulation (EC) No 194/97 of 31 January 1997 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in
foodstuffs . (Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 201, 17 July 1997, pp. 43-46)
The Annex to Regulation (EC) No 194/97 of 31 January 1997 (see IDHL, 1997, 48, 202, EC 97.19) is amended by, inter alia, the
insertion of a table setting out maximum admissible levels for aflatoxins in a range of agricultural products (groundnuts, nuts and dried
fruit, cereals, and milk and milk products), together with details of the sampling and reference analysis methods to be used.
European Community. Commission Directive 98/60/EC of 24 July 1998 amending Council
Directive 74/63/EEC on the fixing of maximum permitted levels for undesirable substances and
products in feedingstuffs . (Official Journal of tbe European Communities, No. L 209, 25 July 1998, pp. 50-51)
Under Article 1, Annex I and Annex II, Part A, to Council Directive 74/63/EEC of 17 December 1973, as last amended by Commission
Directive 97/8/EC of 7 February 1997 (see IDHL, 1997, 48, 202, EC 97.20), are amended as set out in the Annex to the present
Directive.
Finland. Ordinance No. 578 of 12 June 2000 of the Ministry of Trade and Industry amending the
Decree of the Ministry of Trade and Industry on maximum levels of certain of the commonest
contaminants in foodstuffs. (Finlands Författningssamling, 22 June 2000, Nos. 566-579, p. 1380)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
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HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
This Ordinance, which amends the above-mentioned Decree of 1 March 1996 (see IDHL, 1996, 47, 498, Fin. 96.15, footnote), establishes
the maximum level for tin at: 150 mg/kg for preparations packaged in tin foil, with the exception of infant food and beverages; and 50
mg/kg for infant food and beverages.
Finland. Ordinance No. 273 of 15 March 2001 of the Ministry of Trade and Industry on the
maximum levels for certain pesticides in fruit and vegetables and in cereals, eggs, and egg products.
(Finlands Författningssamling, 28 March 2001, Nos. 265-274, p. 799)
This Ordinance, which has been made in pursuance of the Food Law (No. 361) of 17 March 1995 (see IDHL, 1996, 47, 201, Fin. 96.1),
provides for the implementation of certain Commission Directives, including 2000/58/EC of 22 September 2000 (see ibid., 2000, 51, EC
00.051).
Belgium. Ministerial Order of 4 October 1999 on laboratory analyses carried out within the context of
the dioxin crisis. (Moniteur belge, 6 October 1999, No. 197, pp. 37521-37522)
This Order has been issued in view of the urgent need to step up the elimination of the consequences of the dioxin crisis and organize the
defrayment by the public authorities of the costs incurred by laboratory analyses aimed at the detection of PCB and dioxin residues in
certain foodstuffs of animal origin.
http://194.7.188.126/justice/index_fr.htm
Belgium. Ministerial Order of 25 October 1999 promulgating temporary measures in order to control
the
spread
of
contamination
by
dioxins
.
(Moniteur
belge,
29 October 1999, No. 214, 2nd Edition, pp. 40906-40907)
Notes:
Repeals the Ministerial Orders of 8 June 1999 and 17 September 1999 on the same subject.
http://194.7.188.126/justice/index_fr.htm
Belgium. Crown Order of 19 May 2000 determining the maximum levels of dioxins and
polychlorinated biphenyls in certain foods . (Moniteur belge, 31 May 2000, No. 107, pp. 18791-18792)
Includes an Annex listing congeners and their toxicity equivalence factors.
Notes:
Repeals the Crown Orders of 23 April 1998 and 28 December 1999 on the same subject.
http://194.7.188.126/justice/index_fr.htm
Denmark. Order No. 110 of 19 February 2001 on the maximum levels for pesticide residues in
foodstuffs and feeding stuffs. (Lovtidende, 2001, Part A, 27 February 2001, No. 21, pp. 593-748)
This Order, which has been made in pursuance of, inter alia, the Food Law (No. 471) of 1 July 1998, contains provisions that implement a
number of EC Directives, including Council Directive 90/642/EC of 27 November 1990 (see IDHL, 1991, 42, 89, EEC 91.9).
Denmark. Order No. 621 of 29 July 1999 prohibiting trade in foodstuffs contaminated with dioxin.
(Lovtidende, 1999, Part A, 30 July 1999, No. 117, pp. 4209-4212)
This Order, which has been made in pursuance of, inter alia, Law No. 310 of 6 June 1973 on foodstuffs, etc. (see IDHL, 1973, 24, 755),
as
amended,
repeals
Orders
No.
430
of
9
June
1999
and
No.
613
of
22 July 1999 on the same subject. Its principal effect is to prohibit, subject to certain exceptions, the importation from Belgium of
foodstuffs of animal origin or foodstuffs that contain products of animal origin as ingredients. The ban also applies to products of Belgian
origin imported from other countries.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
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ANNEX 3 - July 2004
France. Circular DGS/VS 3 No. 98-333 of 11 June 1998 on the recommendations of the High
Council for Public Health of France, Food and Nutrition Section, on dioxin . (Bulletin officiel, 11 July 1998,
No. 98/26, Vol. I, Text No. 1059, pp. 167-173)
This Circular is a follow-up to the report prepared by the High Council for Public Health of France (Food and Nutrition Section) on
polychlorodibenzodioxines and polychlorodibenzofurans, which suggests an admissible daily intake of 1 pg [TEQ]/kg/day. It emphasizes
that the long-term solution to the problem of the contamination of food and human fats by dioxin lies in a drastic reduction of the sources.
Annexed to the Circular are the Council's recommendations to be taken into account with regard to waste disposal plans and the
authorization procedures for installations classified for the protection of the environment.
France. Order of 1 September 1998 amending the Order of 5 August 1992 on the maximum
permissible levels of pesticide residues in or on certain products of plant origin. (Journal officiel de la
République française, Lois et Décrets, 29 September 1998, No. 225, pp. 14795-14800)
Annexes II, III, and IV to the Order of 5 August 1992 on the maximum permissible levels of pesticide residues in or on certain products
of plant origin (see IDHL, 1992, 43, 778, Fr. 93.135) are amended in accordance with the Annexes appended to the present Order.
Germany. Notice of 8 June 2000 promulgating the consolidated version of the Fish Health
Requirements Ordinance. (Bundesgesetzblatt, Part I, 23 June 2000, No. 27, pp. 819-830)
This Notice presents a consolidated version of the Ordinance of 31 March 1994 (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 212, Ger. 95.14), incorporating all
amendments up to and including those introduced by the Second Ordinance of 12 September 1999.a
Notes:
a
Bundesgesetzblatt, Part I, 20 May 1999, No. 24, pp. 938-941.
http://212.172.243.184/bgbl1f/b100027f.pdf
Germany. Notice of 20 June 2000 promulgating the revised version of the Milk Ordinance.
(Bundesgesetzblatt, Part I, 31 July 2000, No. 36, pp. 1178-1207)
This revised version of the Milk Ordinance (see IDHL, 1991, 42, 693, FRG 91.26) provides for, inter alia, the implementation of a
number of Community instruments, including Council Directive 92/46/EEC of 16 June 1992 (see ibid., 1992, 43, 774, EEC 92.59).
http://212.172.243.184/bgbl1f/b100036f.pdf
Norway. Law No. 88 of 18 December 1998 amending Law No. 3 of 19 May 1933 on the control of
food, etc., and Law No. 12 of 28 May 1959 on the quality control of fish and fish products, etc . (Norsk
Lovtidend, Part I, 11 January 1999, No. 22, pp. 1804-1809)
This Law makes various amendments to Law No. 3 of 19 May 1933 on the control of food, etc. (see Bull. Off. int. Hyg. publ., 1936, 28,
453). These concern, inter alia: the scope of Regulations issued in pursuance of the Law (namely, the production, storage, transportation,
offer for sale, and import of food) (Sec. 1); responsibility for the control of food at municipal and intermunicipal levels (Sec. 4); the
powers of supervisory authorities with regard to access to premises engaged in, inter alia, the production, storage, or consignment of food,
and their right to take samples (Sec. 5); the prohibition of the sale of, confiscation, or destruction of goods presenting a health hazard
(Sec. 6); penal provisions (Sec. 9); and data collection by supervisory authorities (Sec. 10).
A number of amendments are also made to Law No. 12 of 28 May 1959 on fish and fish products etc. These concern, inter alia: the
scope of Regulations issued in pursuance of the Law (including the handling, processing, storage and transportation of fish and fish
products (Sec. 2); data collection with regard to compliance with the Law and the Regulations made thereunder (Sec. 4); and the
closure of undertakings or parts thereof in the event of health hazards (Sec. 11).
Norway. Regulations No. 884 of 8 August 2000 on animal feeding stuffs.
(Norsk Lovtidend, Part I, 20
September 2000, No. 20, pp. 1899-2125)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
10
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
These Regulations have been made in pursuance of Law No. 18 of 23 March 1973 on the control of animal feeding stuffs (see IDHL,
1974, 25, 421) and with reference to a number of European Community instruments, including Commission Decision 91/516/EEC of 9
September 1991 (see ibid., 1992, 43, 107, EEC 92.12) and Council Directive 93/113/EC of 14 December 1993 (see ibid., 1994, 45, 197,
EC 94.25). They lay down detailed requirements with a view to ensuring, inter alia, that feeding stuffs do not present hazards to livestock,
humans, or the environment.
United Kingdom. The Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs)
(England and Wales) Regulations 1999. S.I. 1999/3483. Dated 22 December 1999. (98 pp.)
These Regulations consolidate and replace the provisions of the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs)
Regulations 1994 (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 213, UK 95.7) and the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs)
(Amendment) Regulations 1995 to 1999 (see ibid., 2000, 51, UK 00.032).
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/si/si1999/19993483.htm
United Kingdom. The Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs)
(Amendment) Regulations 1996 . (17 pp.)
These Regulations, which amend the Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs) Regulations 1994 (see
IDHL, 1995, 46, 213, <B<>), implement certain Council Directives, including 95/61/EC of 29 November 1995 (see ibid., 1996, 47, 52,
EC 96.4).
United Kingdom. The Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in Crops, Food and Feeding Stuffs)
(Amendment) Regulations 1999. S.I. 1999/1109. Dated 8 April 1999. (17 pp.)
The amendments to the principal Regulations (see IDHL, 1995, 46, 213, UK 95.7), as amended (see ibid., 1998, 49, 352, UK 98.11),
concern pesticide residues in, inter alia, tea, olives, and sunflower seeds.
http://www.legislation.hmso.gov.uk/si/si1999/19991109.htm
Italy. Decree by Health Minister of 18 June 2002 on Maximum Residue Levels of pesticides in
Foodstuffs of plant and animal origin (G.U. no.179 of 1 August 2002)
The Decree contains Communitarian dispositions and harmonizes the previous national regulations concerning MRL. The Decree
amends nine previous decrees.
http://www.ministerosalute.it/linksanita/alimvet/alimnut/fitosanitari/pubblicazioni/lmr.htm
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
11
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
2 PTE (heavy metal) content in foodstuffs
We report herewith the detailed and summary tables referring to concentration in foodstuffs of the 8
PTEs surveyed.
The detailed tables report – depending on available data - on the following:
mean value
range values
standard deviation
median value
reference
Member State in which the survey has been carried out
Table A3- 1:
Arsenic (mg kg-1)
CATEGORY
CEREALS
Sorghum
Oats
MEAN
RANGE
REFERENCE
MS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
/
0.17
/
/
1
n.d.
/
1
n.d.
n.d.
/
0.80
/
Barley
/
0.4
/
/
1
Maize
/
0.10
/
/
1
n.d.
/
1
n.d.
/
1
n.d.
0.016-0.10
2
n.d.
2
n.d.
1
n.d.
2.83
1
n.d.
0.30
1
n.d.
0.26
1
n.d.
Wheat
Cereals mix
Wheat crops
Cereals mix
/
/
/
0.07
0.20
0.029
/
/
/
/
0.025
/
0.011-0.058
POTATO
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Strawberry
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FRUITS)
0.7
d.m.
Sugar beet
Sugar cane
Vegetable
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
12
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
VEGETABLES
(LEAFY)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
f.m.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
3
n.d.
4
n.d.
2.15
1
n.d.
Lucerne
0.29
1
n.d.
Barley
0.13
1
n.d.
0.22
1
n.d.
Lettuce
PULSES
1.40
d.m.
Soybean
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
0.12
MILK
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FISH
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Mix sea fish
34.05
Mix sea fish
FEEDINGSTUFFS
10.45-69.15
29.66
d.m.
Sorghum
Maize
f.m.
6.15-58.8
d.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
13
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Table A3- 2:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
Cadmium (mg kg-1)
CATEGORY
CEREALS
Wheat
MEAN
d.m.
0.10
Wheat
0.057
Barley
0.027
Barley
Barley
Oats
Oats
f.m.
RANGE
d.m.
Median REFERENCE
(Med)/
Standard
Deviation
(Std)
f.m.
1
n.d.
5
Germany
1989-94
0.01-0.07
1
n.d.
0.08-0.65
1
n.d.
0.01-0.075
1
n.d.
0.01-0.28
1
n.d.
0.04-0.22
1
n.d.
n.d.
0.01-0.2
0.010 std
0.37
0.05
0.05
0.09
MS
Maize
0.065
0.0350.148
1
Maize
0.05
0.01-0.08
1
n.d.
Maize
0.02
0.01-0.04
1
n.d.
n.d.
Maize
0.08
<0.040.22
1
Maize
0.15
0.10-0.18
1
n.d.
1.1-1.7
1
n.d.
0.02-0.3
1
n.d.
Wheat
0.005-0.22
0.036
(Med)
6
n.d.
Sweet corn
0.00050.23
0.008
(Med)
6
n.d.
Field corn
< 0.0010.35
0.004
(Med)
6
n.d.
0.07-0.074
2
n.d.
0.00220.011
2
n.d.
0.004 std
5
n.d.
0.14
(Med)
6
n.d.
0.033 std
5
n.d.
0.005
(Med)
6
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
Maize
Maize
1.5
0.12
Wheat crops
0.032
Cereals mix
Rye
POTATO
0.0056
0.013
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
0.009-1.0
0.108
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
<0.0010.25
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
Apple
0.01
Apple
0.0002
d.m.
f.m.
0.0050.027
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
14
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
0.07
1
n.d.
0.04
1
n.d.
0.0002
1
n.d.
0.03
1
n.d.
0.006
1
n.d.
0.002
1
n.d.
Pear
0.03
0.01-0.09
1
n.d.
Pear
0.011
0.01-0.013
1
n.d.
0.01-0.007
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
Apple
Cherry
Cherry
Strawberry
Peach
Orange
0.03-0.07
0.02
Grape fruit
0.01
Lemon
0.01
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FRUITS)
0.02-0.076
d.m.
f.m.
0.01-0.4
d.m.
n.d.
f.m.
Beet
0.22
0.20-0.27
1
n.d.
Beet
1.22
0.49-3.6
1
n.d.
0.2
6
USA
0.7
6
USA
0.1
1
n.d.
0.08
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
Beet
Beet
Tomato
Tomato
Tomato
Tomato
1.1
Tomato
2.0
Carrots
0.7
Carrots
1.3
d.m.
Lettuce
0.56
Spinach
Swiss chard
Swiss chard
n.d.
n.d.
0.2-0.71
1
n.d.
0.30-3.76
1
n.d.
0.4-0.5
1
n.d.
0.034-3.8
6
n.d.
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
6.4
6
n.d.
8.5
6
n.d.
10.3
6
n.d.
2.3
6
n.d.
1.3
6
n.d.
f.m.
1.23
0.4
0.009
(Med)
d.m.
f.m.
0.435
(Med)
0.12
spinach
Spinach
n.d.
n.d.
lettuce
Spinach
0.16
(Med)
0.011-0.34
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
Turnip
n.d.
6
6
Onions
lettuce
n.d.
0.015-1.20
Carrots
Lettuce
0.22
(Med)
0.045-0.79
0.16-1.9
0.80
(Med)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
15
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
PULSES
d.m.
Peas
f.m.
d.m.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
f.m.
<0.03
n.d.
0.13-0.36
1
n.d.
Soybean
0.001-1.20
0.045
(Med)
6
n.d.
Peanuts
0.011-0.66
0.068
(Med)
6
n.d.
0.4
6
n.d.
0.1
6
n.d.
7
n.d.
5
RFG
1989-94
8
Italy
0.14-1.04
9
n.d.
0.04-0.10
9
n.d.
0.64
10
n.d.
0.53
10
n.d.
Soybean
0.21
Green beans
Green beans
Rib
MILK
1.8
d.m.
1.28-2.17
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.001
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FISH
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Mollusc
Spider octopus
Broadtail squid
<0.0020.83
0.53
0.40
0.7
Mollusc
FEEDINGSTUFFS
d.m.
Mineral (pig)
0.34
1
n.d.
0.99
1
n.d.
0.28
1
n.d.
0.17
1
n.d.
0.79
1
n.d.
0.08
1
n.d.
0.24
1
n.d.
Proteinic concentrate (pig)
Proteinic concentrate (pig)
Concentrated feed (pig)
Mineral (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
16
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
Chromium (mg kg-1)
Table A3- 3:
CATEGORY
REFERENCE
MS
0.32
1
n.d.
0.008
5
Austria
0.008
5
Finland
0.008
5
FRG 84-86
0.007
5
Scotland
Wheat
0.008
5
Sweden
Corn
0.125
11
n.d.
CEREALS
MEAN
d.m.
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
f.m.
0.109
RANGE
d.m.
f.m.
0.08-0.20
Wheat, Maize. Rye, Oats (Bread,
flours, etc.)
0.25
11
n.d.
Cereals Mix
0.1
11
n.d.
Cereal mix
0.1
12
n.d.
Wheat crop
0.045
0.00110.018
2
n.d.
Cereal mix
0.0076
0.00210.017
2
n.d.
1
n.d.
11
n.d.
0.1
12
n.d.
0.035
11
n.d.
0.05
1
n.d.
0.061
11
n.d.
11
n.d.
0.01
1
n.d.
0.025
11
n.d.
0.02
1
n.d.
0.017
11
n.d.
0.02
1
n.d.
0.036
11
n.d.
0.01
1
n.d.
0.03
11
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
0.31
1
n.d.
0.34
1
n.d.
1.10
11
n.d.
POTATO
d.m.
f.m.
Potato
Potato
0.40
Potato, others tubers, roots
d.m.
Rice
0.07
0.036
f.m.
Rice
FRUIT
Peach
0.27
Grape
Grape
0.085
Apple
Apple
0.24
Pear
Pear
0.20
Plum
Banana
f.m.
Strawberry
Strawberry
d.m.
d.m.
0.13-0.42
0.05-0.13
0.10-0.46
0.14-0.28
0.02
0.38
Banana
Orange
0.012-0.06
f.m.
0.12-0.23
d.m.
Peach
f.m.
0.55-0.57
Potato
RICE
d.m.
0.1-0.5
0.104
0.35-2.87
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
17
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Peach
0.27
0.025
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
0.13-0.42
11
n.d.
n.d.
Apple
0.035
11
Mix fruits
0.03
11
n.d.
0.01-0.03
1
n.d.
0.01-0.02
1
n.d.
0.01-0.03
1
n.d.
0.04-0.062
11
n.d.
0.112-0.16
11
n.d.
0.047-0.054
11
n.d.
0.036-0.083
11
n.d.
0.042-0.059
11
n.d.
0.04-0.085
11
n.d.
0.06
11
n.d.
0.077
0.043-0.11
11
n.d.
0.026-0.08
11
n.d.
0.047-0.083
11
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
0.01-0.05
1
n.d.
0.098-0.14
11
n.d.
0.02
1
n.d.
0.078
11
n.d.
0.01-0.06
1
n.d.
0.059-0.105
11
n.d.
11
n.d.
0.02-0.13
1
n.d.
0.048-0.08
11
n.d.
0.040-0.10
11
n.d.
0.057
11
n.d.
0.034
11
n.d.
0.041
11
n.d.
7
n.d.
1
n.d.
0.2-0.8
1
n.d.
0.091-0.69
11
n.d.
0.110-0.231
11
n.d.
0.166-0.254
11
n.d.
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
Beet
Onion
Cucumber
Fennel
Parsley
Celery
Carrot
Pepper
Tomato
0.47
1.05
0.735
0.51
0.49
1.02
Tomato
Artichoke
Onion
Asparagus
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
0.535
0.50
0.047
0.136
0.051
0.054
0.048
0.061
0.049
0.97
0.066
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
Turnip
Spinach
1.03
1.21
Cauliflower
Cauliflower
0.89
0.12
0.0420.112
Cabbage
Cabbage
0.71
Cabbage and others
0.078
0.04
Letture
Broccoli
Brussels sprout
Savoy cabbage
Letture
Chicory
Rib
PULSES
0.55
0.56
0.52
0.56
0.58
0.066
0.073
1.91
d.m.
Bean
1.41-2.42
f.m.
Green bean
Broad bean
d.m.
f.m.
0.48
Bean
Bean
f.m.
0.04-0.06
Spinach
Spinach
f.m.
0.34
2.07
0.25
0.292
0.181
0.210
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
18
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Pea
Lentil
Chick pea
Chickling
0.27
0.315
0.25
0.44
Mix pulses and greens
MILK
d.m.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
0.024-0.093
11
n.d.
0.236-0.304
11
n.d.
0.10-0.327
11
n.d.
0.371
11
n.d.
0.05
11
n.d.
0.01
11
n.d.
0.015
12
n.d.
0.050
0.275
0.221
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
0.005-0.02
0.02
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
n.d.
n.d.
12
n.d.
11
n.d.
n.d.
f.m.
0.14
11
n.d.
0.15
11
n.d.
Pork, sheep, goat and others
meats
0.12
11
n.d.
Mix meat
0.15
12
n.d.
Germany 19931994
Beef. offals. meat extract. etc
Poultry
Turkey
0.003
5
Chicken
0.003
5
Germany 1993
0.001
5
Germany 1993
0.002
5
Germany 1993
0.008
5
Germany 1993
0.003
5
Germany 1993
Eggs
Pork
Veal
Beef
FISH
Eel
d.m.
f.m.
0.32
0.08
d.m.
f.m.
11
Italy (trasimeno)
Italy
(massaciuccoli)
Eel
4.4
1.70
11
Eel
3.5
0.7
11
Italy (scanno)
0.11
11
Italy (trasimeno)
Italy
(massaciuccoli)
Pike
0.44
Pike
20.5
4.10
11
Perch
0.20
0.05
11
Italy (trasimeno)
0.2
11
Italy (scanno)
0.08
11
Italy (trasimeno)
Italy
(massaciuccoli)
Perch
Tench
1
0.32
Tench
0.9
0.20
11
Tench
3
0.6
11
Italy (scanno)
0.1
11
Italy (campotosto)
0.05
11
Italy (trasimeno)
Italy
(massaciuccoli)
Italy (scanno)
Tench
Rudd
0.5
0.2
Rudd
1.5
0.3
11
Rudd
1.0
0.2
11
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
19
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Sun fish
0.24
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
0.06
11
Italy (trasimeno)
Italy
(massacciuccoli)
Sun Fish
4.0
0.8
11
Gold fish
2.5
0.5
11
Italy
(massacciuccoli)
Gold fish
0.5
0.1
11
Italy (campotosto)
0.4
11
Italy
0.50
11
Italy
Italy
(massacciuccoli)
Carp
Catfish
1.5
2.5
Crucian
2.0
0.40
11
Crucian
0.5
0.1
11
Italy (Campotosto)
0.1
11
Italy (campotosto)
0.4
11
Italy (Scanno)
0.001-0.05
11
Italy (Umbria)
0.10-1.10
11
Italy (Abruzzo)
0.02-0.21
11
Italy (Austria)
0.15-0.30
11
Italy (Gorgona)
0.10-0.42
11
Italy (Capraia)
Trout
Trout
0.5
2.0
Mix lake fish
0.04-2.0
Mix lake fish
0.4-4.4
Mix lake fish
0.04-0.84
Mix sea fish
Mix sea fish
Fish and sea food
0.3
11
Mollusc
0.31
10
Italy (ionian sea)
0.29
10
Italy (ionian sea)
Molusc
FEEDINGSTUFFS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Corn sillage
1.4
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche). 1979
Grass hay
4.8
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche)
Oat hay
1.2
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche). 1979
Alfalfa hay (first cut)
1.7
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche). 1979
Alfalfa hay (second cut)
5.0
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche). 1979
Sainfoin hay
9.5
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche). 1979
5-10
12
Italy (Umbria.
Marche). 1979
65-538
12
n.a.. 1994
Italy
Forage
Phosphate (mineral feedstuff)
200
Feedstuff (FS) without
phostphate. protein hydrolysate
or hay
1
12
FS with phostphate and/or yeasts
and/or hay < 10% ash
5
12
Italy
FS with phostphate and/or yeasts
and/or hay 10-20% ash
10
12
Italy
FS in the case of low-dose
premixes where the individual
raw materials may be available
even at very high concentration
25
12
Italy
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
20
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Mineral (pig)
Proteinic concentrate (pig)
Proteinic concentrate(pig)
Concentrated feed (pig)
Mineral (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Table A3- 4:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
84
1
n.d.
14
1
n.d.
2.5
1
n.d.
6.7
1
n.d.
46
1
n.d.
2.5
1
n.d.
6.3
1
n.d.
Copper (mg kg-1)
MEAN
CATEGORY
CEREALS
d.m.
f.m.
Standard REFERENCE
Deviation
RANGE
d.m.
MS
f.m.
11
1
n.d.
4
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
8.28-9.31
1
n.d.
4-16.1
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
5
n.d.
1
n.d.
2
n.d.
5
n.d.
4.6
5
Austria
5.1
5
Finland
Wheat
3.3
5
FRG 84-86
Wheat
4.0
5
FRG 89-93
5.2
5
Scotland
4.7
5
Sweden
4.8
5
Switzerland
4.6
5
Turkey
6
n.d.
Barley
Barley
Barley
Oats
8.28-9.66
6.6
Oats
Maize
Rye
8.8
Rye
Rye
5.29-7.36
4.5
0.8 std
Wheat
8.62-12.99
Wheat crops
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
4.3
4.0
Cereal mix
POTATO
2.6-5.7
0.5 std
5.9
d.m.
f.m.
4.2-11
d.m.
5
n.d.
1
n.d.
8.8
6
n.d.
9.7
6
n.d.
4.9
0.62 std
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FRUITS)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Turnip
Beet
Beet
n.d.
f.m.
9
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
21
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Tomato
Tomato
Carrots
Carrots
VEGETABLES (LEAFY) d.m.
Lettuce
13.2
6
n.d.
10.4
6
n.d.
5.4
6
n.d.
7.9
6
n.d.
1
n.d.
13.8
6
n.d.
12.3
6
n.d.
23.7
6
n.d.
25.2
6
n.d.
8.51-12.11
7
n.d.
n.d.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
10
Spinach
Spinach
Swiss chard
Swiss chard
Savoy cabbage
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
9.58
Rib
24.9
1
17.13-41.13
7
Rib
35.3
8
23.99-57.41
7
n.d.
1
n.d.
8.6
6
n.d.
8.5
6
n.d.
5
n.d.
PULSES
d.m.
Soybean
d.m.
f.m.
17
Green beans
Green beans
MILK
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
0.3
0.01 std
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Turkey
1.2
5
Germany
1993-94
Chicken
2.2
5
Germany
1993
Eggs
2.6
5
Germany
1993
Pork
2.0
5
Germany
1993
Veal
2.7
5
Germany
1993
Beef
1.9
5
Germany
1993
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
18
1
n.d.
4
1
n.d.
11.9
1
n.d.
6
1
n.d.
8.8
1
n.d.
FISH
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FEEDINGSTUFFS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Graminaceous grass
11
Lucerne
Barley (straw)
Barley (hay)
Graminaceous grass
Clover
Clover
3-4
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
22
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Clover
Clover
Clover
Oats (straw)
Oats (hay)
Graminaceous grass
15.2
1
n.d.
11.2
1
n.d.
19.4
1
n.d.
10.1
1
n.d.
4.4
1
n.d.
13.7
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
4
1
n.d.
10.8
1
n.d.
9
1
n.d.
10.1
1
n.d.
9.9
1
n.d.
3.3
1
n.d.
9
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
4
1
n.d.
9
1
n.d.
4.4
1
n.d.
4.9-6.6
1
n.d.
4.2-7.1
1
n.d.
7.5-22.4
1
n.d.
5.2-6.8
1
n.d.
8.4-11.4
1
n.d.
6.9-16.1
1
n.d.
9.1-12.2
1
n.d.
9.8-9.9
1
n.d.
12.2-13.9
1
n.d.
13.5-17.0
1
n.d.
10.9-17.3
1
n.d.
8.51-12.64
1
n.d.
11-14
1
n.d.
11.84-14.92
1
n.d.
14-19
1
n.d.
13.3-19.3
1
n.d.
3.56-8.56
1
n.d.
13.5-20.2
1
n.d.
11.4-17.5
1
n.d.
332
1
n.d.
231
1
n.d.
214
1
n.d.
42
1
n.d.
1,650
1
n.d.
Graminaceous grass
Rye (straw)
Sorghum
Soy (hay)
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Leguminosae grass
Graminaceous grass
4.1-24.2
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
4.0-9.0
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Lucerne
Graminaceous grass
Fodder mix
Fodder mix
Fodder mix
Rye (fodder)
Rye (hay)
Rye (bran)
Wheat (fodder)
Wheat (bran)
Barley (fodder)
Barley (hay)
Barley (bran)
Oats (fodder)
Oats (hay)
Mineral (pig)
Proteinic concentrate (pig)
Proteinic concentrate(pig)
Concentrated feed (pig)
Mineral (cattle)
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
23
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Table A3- 5:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
14
1
n.d.
75
1
n.d.
Mercury (mg kg-1)
CATEGORY
CEREALS
MEAN
REFERENCE
MS
< 0.01
2
n.d.
< 0.01
2
n.d.
0.15
10
n.d.
0.30
10
n.d.
0.66
0.05-2.65
13
n.d.
0.05-2.22
14
n.d.
0.07-4.26
15
n.d.
0.18-0.42
9
Italy
0.05-0.12
9
Italy
0.02
1
n.d.
0.09
1
n.d.
0.08
1
n.d.
0.05
1
n.d.
0.03
1
n.d.
0.38
1
n.d.
0.20
1
n.d.
d.m.
Wheat crops
Cereal mix
RANGE
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
POTATO
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER, FUITS)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
PULSES
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FISH
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Mollusc
Mollusc
Mix sea fish
Mix sea fish
0.57
Mix sea fish
Spider octopus
Broadtail squid
FEEDINGSTUFFS
Mineral (pig)
Proteinic concentrate (pig)
Proteinic concentrate(pig)
Concentrated feed (pig)
Mineral (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
0.75
0.27
0.07
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
24
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Table A3- 6:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
Nickel (mg kg-1)
CATEGORY
CEREALS
MEAN
d.m.
f.m.
RANGE
d.m.
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Rye
f.m.
n.d.
5
n.d.
0.19
5
Austria
0.29
5
Finland
0.14
5
FRG 84-86
0.13
5
FRG 89-93
0.14
5
Scotland
0.13
5
Sweden
0.19
5
Switzerland
1.4
5
Turkey
0.083
5
n.d.
4.33
1
n.d.
0.5
1
n.d.
1.4
1
n.d.
1.9
1
n.d.
0.16
0.03-0.39
2
n.d.
0.04-0.33
2
n.d.
1.02-2.69
0.132
0.012 std
0.018 std
Millet
Maize
Maize
Oats
Wheat crop
Cereal mix
POTATO
0.15
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
5
n.d.
1
n.d.
0.4-0.6
1
n.d.
0.11-0.20
1
n.d.
0.013
1
n.d.
1.1
6
n.d.
6.8
6
n.d.
0.5
6
n.d.
2.1
6
n.d.
0.6
6
n.d.
1.9
6
n.d.
0.084 std
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Pear
0.4
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
Carrot
Radish
Tomato
Tomato
Tomato
Beets
Beets
Carrots
Carrots
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
n.d.
f.m.
0.187
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FRUITS)
MS
1
Wheat
Wheat
Standard REFERENCE
Deviation
d.m.
Spinach
Spinach
Spinach
f.m.
4.2
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
1
1.4
n.d.
10.6
6
n.d.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
n.d.
6
25
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Swiss chard
Swiss chard
1.3
6
n.d.
0.8
6
n.d.
1
n.d.
2.57
1
n.d.
3.3
6
n.d.
2.3
6
n.d.
5
n.d.
Sage
PULSES
0.3-1
d.m.
Pea
Green beans
Green beans
MILK
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
< 0.001
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Turkey
0.006
5
Germany
1993-94
Chicken
0.016
5
Germany
1993
Eggs
0.024
5
Germany
1993
Pork
0.021
5
Germany
1993
Veal
0.009
5
Germany
1993
Beef
0.008
5
Germany
1993
5.7
1
n.d.
3
1
n.d.
16
1
n.d.
44
1
n.d.
5.1
1
n.d.
7.1
1
n.d.
6.7
1
n.d.
10
1
n.d.
14
1
n.d.
4.5
1
n.d.
8.1
1
n.d.
FISH
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FEEDINGSTUFFS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Clover
Oats (leaf)
Oats (plant)
Lucerne
Mineral (pig)
Proteinic concentrate (pig)
Proteinic concentrate(pig)
Concentrated feed (pig)
Mineral (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
Concentrated feed (cattle)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
26
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Table A3- 7:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
Lead (mg kg-1)
CATEGORY
CEREALS
Barley
MEAN
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
Median
(Med)/
Standard
Deviation
(Std)
REFERENCE
MS
1
n.d.
0.021 (Med)
6
n.d.
0.009 std
5
RFT
1989-94
f.m.
0.06
Wheat
Wheat
RANGE
0.001-0.77
0.020
Sweet corn
0.00760.26
0.009(Med)
6
n.d.
Field corn
<0.0013.6
0.006 (Med)
6
n.d.
Wheat crop
0.0068
0.00480.011
2
n.d.
Cereal mix
0.013
0.00710.028
2
n.d.
1
n.d.
0.025 (Med)
6
n.d.
0.05 (Med)
6
n.d.
POTATO
d.m.
Potato
f.m.
0.001-2.2
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.0010.08
Rice
FRUIT
f.m.
0.010.14
0.04
Potato
RICE
d.m.
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Apple
0.05
0.010.37
1
n.d.
Pear
0.3
0.020.04
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
n.d.
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FRUITS)
Onions
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
0.010.38
0.06
Onions
f.m.
0.002-0.72
0.038 (Med)
Leek
0.06
0.040.07
1
carrot
0.02
0.010.04
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
n.d.
carrot
0.010-1.1
0.055 (Med)
turnip
0.02
0.010.05
1
Cucumber
0.02
0.010.03
1
n.d.
Tomato
0.06
0.01-
1
n.d.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
27
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
0.14
Tomato
0.004
< 0.0010.46
Tomato
0.027 (Med)
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
Edible mushrooms
0.03
0.030.04
1
n.d.
Celery
0.01
0.010.02
1
n.d.
0.19 (Med)
6
n.d.
0.53 (Med)
6
n.d.
n.d.
VEGETABLES
(LEAFY)
d.m.
f.m.
Lettuce
d.m.
f.m.
0.036-1.7
Spinach
0.24-2.3
Cabbage
0.08
0.010.51
1
Brussels sprouts
0.05
0.010.24
1
n.d.
Cress
0.12
0.010.33
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
0.036 (Med)
6
n.d.
0.008 (Med)
6
n.d.
0.017 std
5
n.d.
PULSES
Bean
d.m.
f.m.
Soybean
f.m.
0.003-0.35
<0.0010.20
Peanuts
MILK
d.m.
0.005
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Milk
0.052
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Turkey
0.008
5
Germany 19931994
Chicken
0.009
5
Germany 1993
0.005
5
Germany 1993
0.016
5
Germany 1993
0.019
5
Germany 1993
0.016
5
Germany 1993
1.19
10
n.d.
0.96
10
n.d.
Mix sea fish
0.13
0.110.37
4
Italy
Mix sea fish
0.95
0.045.26
8
Italy
2.7
1
n.d.
1.4
1
n.d.
Eggs
Pork
Veal
Beef
FISH
d.m.
Mollusc
Mollusc
FEEDINGSTUFFS
Mineral (pig)
Proteinic concentrate
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
28
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
(pig)
Proteinic
concentrate(pig)
0.56
1
n.d.
Concentrated feed
(pig)
0.58
1
n.d.
Mineral (cattle)
1.2
1
n.d.
Concentrated feed
(cattle)
0.78
1
n.d.
Concentrated feed
(cattle)
0.87
1
n.d.
Table A3- 8:
CATEGORY
CEREALS
Zinc (mg kg-1)
MEAN
MS
17.6-19.4
1
n.d.
11.0-14.7
1
n.d.
20.9-31.7
1
n.d.
11-76
29 (Med)
6
n.d.
2.4 Std
5
n.d.
29
5
Austria
37
5
Finland
30
5
FRG 84-86
29
5
FRG 89-93
25
5
Scotland
29
5
Sweden
30
5
Switzerland
19
5
Turkey
f.m.
Oats
Barley
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
d.m.
1
16.1-23.9
5
n.d.
1
n.d.
25 (Med)
6
n.d.
22 (Med)
6
n.d.
17-37
2
n.d.
16-43
2
n.d.
15 (Med)
6
n.d.
2.1 Std
5
n.d.
1
n.d.
33
1.0 std
Oats
4-26
Sweet corn
28-55
Field corn
12-39
Wheat crops
25
Cereal mix
POTATO
f.m.
29
Rye
Rye
30
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
5.1-35
14
RICE
d.m.
Rice
Median
(Med)/
Standard
Deviation
(Std)
REFERENCE
d.m.
RANGE
f.m.
10
d.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
29
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Rice
FRUIT
7.7-23
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
Garlic
7-18
n.d.
12-20
1
n.d.
9
1
n.d.
34
6
n.d.
39
6
n.d.
100
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
20
6
n.d.
31
6
n.d.
16 (Med)
6
n.d.
22 (Med)
6
n.d.
46 (Med)
2
n.d.
1
n.d.
7
n.d.
105
1
n.d.
120
1
n.d.
6
n.d.
147
6
n.d.
209
6
n.d.
201
6
n.d.
69
6
n.d.
62
6
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
f.m.
d.m.
Garlic
50
Carrots
3.8-61
Carrots
Carrots
Onions
20
6.1-33
Tomato
12-35
Tomato
27
Tomato
27
d.m.
Lettuce
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
105
Lettuce
13-110
Cabbage
Savoy cabbage
f.m.
31-100
Asparagus
VEGETABLES
(LEAFY)
n.d.
f.m.
n.d.
Fig
Beet
15-83
42.5758.52
48.21
Chicory
Spinach
Spinach
17-200
Spinach
Spinach
Spinach
Swiss chard
Swiss chard
43 (Med)
Rib
259.5
171.5328.9
7
Rib
262.86
215.4334.4
7
PULSES
d.m.
bean
Pea
Lens
n.d.
1
Orange
Beet
6
27-44
Citrus fruits
d.m.
15 (Med)
1
Ananas
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FRUITS)
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
f.m.
d.m.
n.d.
f.m.
56
1
n.d.
48
1
n.d.
28
1
n.d.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
30
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
45 (Med)
6
n.d.
31 (Med)
6
n.d.
32
6
n.d.
38
6
n.d.
Soybeans
32-70
Peanuts
17-63
Green beans
Green beans
MILK
d.m.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
f.m.
d.m.
n.d.
f.m.
32
Std 1.7
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
5
n.d.
Turkey
38
5
Germany 199394
Chicken
65
5
Germany 1993
50
5
Germany 1993
63
5
Germany 1993
100
5
Germany 1993
163
5
Germany 1993
5.15
10
n.d.
5.30
10
n.d.
13
1
n.d.
17.6
1
n.d.
17.2
1
n.d.
17.0
1
n.d.
17.0
1
n.d.
17.2
1
n.d.
17.2
1
n.d.
34.3
1
n.d.
15.4
1
n.d.
24.0
1
n.d.
18.0
1
n.d.
15.4
1
n.d.
43.0
1
n.d.
18.0
1
n.d.
30.0
1
n.d.
20.0
1
n.d.
21.0
1
n.d.
33.0
1
n.d.
16-25
1
n.d.
20.4-28.6
1
n.d.
16.1-23.9
1
n.d.
21.7-29.5
1
n.d.
19-22.5
1
n.d.
Eggs
Pork
Veal
Beef
FISH
d.m.
Mollusc
Mollusc
FEEDINGSTUFFS
Lucerne
Lucerne
Oats (straw)
Oats (grain)
Clover
Clover
Graminaceous grass
Graminaceous grass
Sorghum
Soy (hay)
Soy (seed)
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Wheat
Graminaceous grass
Maize
Oats (plant)
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
Rye (fodder)
Rye (hay)
Rye (grain)
Rye (bran)
Wheat (fodder)
d.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
31
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
20.9-31.7
1
n.d.
37.3-57.1
1
n.d.
26-39.5
1
n.d.
23.1-31.6
1
n.d.
11.0-14.7
1
n.d.
19.3-24.9
1
n.d.
25.5-40.0
1
n.d.
22.2-32.7
1
n.d.
17.6-19.4
1
n.d.
843
1
n.d.
Proteinic concentrate
(pig)
1,480
1
n.d.
Proteinic
concentrate(pig)
844
1
n.d.
Concentrated feed
(pig)
197
1
n.d.
Mineral (cattle)
3,170
1
n.d.
Concentrated feed
(cattle)
54
1
n.d.
Concentrated feed
(cattle)
266
1
n.d.
Wheat (grain)
Wheat (bran)
Barley (fodder)
Barley (hay)
Barley (grain)
Barley (bran)
Oats (fodder)
Oats (hay)
Oats (grain)
Mineral (pig)
1 Genevini et al. (1983)
2 Swedish environmental protection agency survey
3 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001a)
4 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2000a)
5 Bruggemann et al.. (199?)
6 Page et al (1988)
7 Centemero (1991)
8 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001b)
9 Storelli & Marcotrignano (1999)
10 Storelli & Storelli & Marcotrignano (2000)
11 Santoprete (1997)
12 Mordenti &. Piva (1997)
13 Storelli & Marcotrignano & Giacomelli. (1998)
14 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2000b)
15 Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001c)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
32
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
3 Organic Pollutant Content in Foodstuffs
3.1
Dioxins
The class of compounds made up of the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated
dibenzofurans (PCDF) are often collectively known as dioxins.
Dioxins, and dioxins-like compounds which may have similar effects, are found in all environmental
compartments, are persistent and, being fat soluble, tend to accumulate in higher animals, including
humans. Such substances have never been intentionally manufactured but can be released into the
environment from a number of different sources; including chemicals manufacturing, combustion
process, metallurgical processes, paper and pulp processing. Although there are 210 congeners of
PCDD/PCDF, only the 17 which have chlorine substitution in at least all of the 2, 3, 7, 8 positions are of
concern, owing to their toxicity, stability and persistence in the environment. In order to simplify the
handling of data on the individual compounds, a system of toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) is used to
derive an equivalent concentration of the most toxic dioxins (2, 3, 7, 8 TCDD). This enables the toxicity
of complex mixture to be expressed as a single number – the toxic equivalent or TEQ.
3.2
Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF
Many regulatory agencies have developed so-called Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEF) for risk
assessment of complex mixtures of PCDD/PCDF (Kutz et al., 1990 cit. in AEA Technology, 1999). The
TEFs are based on acute toxicity values from in vivo and in vitro studies. This approach is based on the
evidence that there is a common, receptor-mediated mechanism of action for these compounds.
However, the TEF approach has its limitations due to a number of simplifications. Although the
scientific basis cannot be considered as solid, the TEF approach has been developed as an administrative
tool and allows the conversion of quantitative analytical data for individual PCDD/PCDF congeners into
a single Toxic Equivalent (TEQ). TEFs particularly aid the expression of cumulative toxicities of
complex PCDD/PCDF mixtures as one single TEQ value. It should be noted that, as interim values,
TEFs are based on the present state of knowledge and should be revised as new data become available.
Today’s most commonly applied TEFs were established by a NATO/CCMS Working Group on Dioxins
and Related Compounds as International Toxicity Equivalency Factors (I-TEF) (NATO/CCMS 1988,
Kutz et al., 1990 cit. in AEA Technology, 1999) (see Table A3- 9). Throughout this study these I-TEFs
are used, if not specified otherwise. The Nordic countries (Scandinavia) developed their own scheme,
called the N-TEFs. The N-TEFs are identical to the I-TEFs with one exception, the TEF for the
1,2,3,7,8- Cl 5 DF. Whereas in the I-TEF scheme, this congener is given a TEF of 0.05, the Scandinavian
countries assigned it a value of 0.01.
In 1997, a WHO/IPCS working group re-evaluated the I-TEFs and established a new scheme (see Table
A3- 10). The two schemes are found in the Tables below. The WHO re-evaluation chose also to include
non-ortho and mono-ortho–substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) into the TEF scheme for dioxin-
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
33
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
like toxicity (van Leeuwen & Younes 1998 cit. in AEA Technology, 1999). No TEFs have been
assigned for the non-2,3,7,8-substituted congeners.
Table A3- 9:
International Toxic Equivalency Factors (I-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (Kutz et al. 1980)
Congener
I-TEF
2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DD
Congener
I-TEF
1
1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DF
0.05
1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DD
0.5
2,3,4,7,8-Cl 5 DF
0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DD
0.1
1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DF
0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DD
0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DF
0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DD
0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF
0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DD
0.01
2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF
0.1
Cl 8 DD
0.001
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DF
0.01
2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DF
Table A3- 10:
Younes 1998)
0.1
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Cl 7 DF
0.01
Cl 8 DF
0.001
WHO Toxic Equivalency Factors (WHO-TEFs) for PCDD/PCDF (van Leeuwen and
Congener
Humans/Mammals
Fish
Birds
2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DD
1
1
1
1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DD
1
1
1
1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DD
0.1
0.5
0.05
1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DD
0.1
0.01
0.01
1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DD
0.1
0.01
0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DD
0.01
0.001
< 0.001
0.0001
-
-
2,3,7,8-Cl 4 DF
0.1
0.05
1
1,2,3,7,8-Cl 5 DF
0.05
0.05
0.1
2,3,4,7,8-Cl 5 DF
0.5
0.5
1
1,2,3,4,7,8-Cl 6 DF
0.1
0.1
0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-Cl 6 DF
0.1
0.1
0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF
0.1
0.1
0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 6 DF
0.1
0.1
0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Cl 7 DF
0.01
0.01
0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Cl 7 DF
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.0001
0.0001
0.0001
Cl 8 DD
Cl 8 DF
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
34
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Table A3- 11:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
PCDD/PCDF pg I-TEQ g-1 (pg WHO-TEQ g-1 for feedingstuffs)
CATEGORY
CEREALS
MEAN
f.m.
Cereals
RANGE
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
REFERENCE
MS
C
n.a., 1994
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
0.067
Mix cereals
0.17
B
UK, 1992
Rye flour
0.0014
B
Denmark, 1995
Wheat flour
0.00048
B
Denmark, 1995
B
Denmark, 1995
Bread and grain
products
POTATO
0.1
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
Potato
0.3
New potato
0.00008
B
Denmark, 1995
Old potato
0.00025
B
Denmark, 1995
C
n.a., 1994
B
Denmark, 1995
Potato
0.014
Potato
0.017
0.00360.0396
RICE
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
FRUIT
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Mix fruit
0.015
Strawberry
< 0.00005
B
Denmark, 1995
Orange juice
< 0.001
B
Denmark, 1995
Mix fruits
0.015
B
Germany, 1995
Apple
< 0.01
B
Germany, 1995
Apple
0.3
B
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER,
FUITS)
f.m.
C
n.a.,1994
Root vegetables
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
0.0075
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Cucumber
< 0.00005
B
Finland, 1991
Tomato
< 0.00005
B
Finland, 1991
Onion
0.00012
B
Finland, 1991
Carrot
< 0.00005
B
Finland, 1991
Red pepper
< 0.00005
B
Finland, 1991
Mix vegetables
grown in soil
0.012
B
Germany, 1995
0.00190.0453
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
35
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MEAN
Mix vegetables
0.015
Tomato/pepper
0.0064
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
0.00230.0064
REFERENCE
MS
B
Germany, 1995
B
Germany, 1995
Olives
0.058
B
Italy, 1994
Olives
0.21
B
Italy, 1994
VEGETABLES
(LEAFY)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Leafy vegetables
0.0052
C
n.a., 1994
Vegetable and
products
0.015
B
Denmark, 1995
Pot lettuce
0.001
B
Finland, 1991
Ice lettuce
0.00039
B
Finland, 1991
Head lettuce
0.04
B
Finland, 1991
Cabbage
0.00008
B
Finland, 1991
Lettuce
0.3
Mix leafy vegetables
0.0014
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
0.0360.0544
PULSES
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
MILK
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Milk
0.2-2.6
B
Germany, 1995
B
EU, 1999
Whole milk
2.02
B
Spain, 1997
Semi-skimmed milk
1.20
B
Spain, 1997
Cows’ milk
2.1
B
Belgium, 1991
Cows’ milk
2.6
B
Denmark, 1995
1.1-3.1
Cows’ milk
2.6
B
Denmark, 1987
Cows’ milk in glass
bottle
0.83
< 0.5-1.8
B
Finland, 1991
Cows’ milk in
cartons
1.17
0.57-2.48
B
Finland, 1991
Cows’ milk
1.81
B
France, 1994-95
Cow’s milk
Westfalia
1.35
0.76-2.62
B
Germany, 1990
Cow’s milk
Westfalia
1.02
0.61-1.75
B
Germany, 1994
Cow’s milk
Westfalia
0.78
0.47-1.78
B
Germany, 1998
Cow’s milk Bavaria
1.00
0.60-1.54
B
Germany, 1989-92
Cow’s milk Bavaria
1.85
0.48-5.6
B
Germany, 1989-1992
Cow’s milk Bavaria
1.76
0.48-5.62
B
Germany, 1989-1992
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
36
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MEAN
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
REFERENCE
MS
Cow’s milk Bavaria
0.87
0.69-1.12
B
Germany, 1992
Cow’s milk
1.5
0.9-3.24
B
Germany, 1990
Cow’s milk
1
0.6-1.54
B
Germany, 1991
Cow’s milk
0.76
0.27-3.1
B
Germany, 1993
Cow’s milk
0.52
0.34-0.8
B
Germany, 1995
5-24
B
Germany, 1996
Cow’s milk
Cow’s milk
1.6-6.6
Germany, 1990
Cow’s milk
2.12
0.81-7.06
B
Germany, 1990
Cow’s milk
2.05
0.85-5.15
B
Germany, 1991-92
Cow’s milk
1.85
0. 48- 5.62
B
Germany, 1993
Cow’s milk
1.3
1.08-1.62
B
Germany, 1993
0.76-5.86
B
Germany, 1994
Cow’s milk
Cow’s milk
0.62
0.36-1.02
B
Germany, 1997
Cow’s milk
0.89
0.35-1.92
B
Germany, 1997
Cow’s milk
1.41
0.46-7.86
B
Germany, 1998
Milk
2
1.25-3.25
B
UK, 1989-1990
Milk
5
3-6.75
B
UK, 1989-1990
Milk
1.25
1-1.5
B
UK, 1989-1990
Milk
3
1.75-9.5
B
UK, 1989-1990
1.5-47.5
B
UK, 1989-1990
B
UK, 1992
0.7-1.4
B
UK, 1995
Milk
Milk
0.06
Cow’s milk
1.01
Cow’s milk
6.3
3.1-11
B
UK, 1995
Cow’s milk
4.6
1.9-8.6
B
UK, 1996
Cow’s milk
1.9
1.1-3.4
B
UK, 1997
Consumer milk
1.8
1.0-2.8
B
Germany, 1990
Consumer milk
0.87
0.69-1.12
B
Germany, 1995
Consumer milk
0.71
0.45-1.12
B
Germany, 1995
Cows’ milk
0.14-0.5
B
Ireland, 1995
Cows’ milk
0.13-0.51
B
Ireland, 1995
Cows’ milk
0.48-0.49
B
Ireland, 1997
Cows’ milk
0.08-0.25
B
Ireland, 1998
Cows’ milk
< 1.3-1.5
B
Ireland, 1994
B
Ireland, 1998
0.7-2.5
B
Netherlands, 1989-96
1.2-13.5
B
Netherlands, 1989-96
Cows’ milk
0.193
Cows’ milk
1.6
Cows’ milk
Cows’ milk
1.5
0.7-2.0
B
Netherlands, 1989-96
Cows’ milk
1.3
0.9-2.0
B
Netherlands, 1989-96
Cows’ milk
1.5
1.1-2.2
B
Netherlands, 1989-96
Cows’ milk
0.38
B
Netherlands, 1989-96
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Cow’s Milk
0.82-2.00
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
37
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MEAN
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
REFERENCE
MS
Cow’s Milk in glass
bottle
0.93
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Cow’s Milk in carton
1.08
B
Sweden, 1988-93
MILK PRODUCTS
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Milk products
0.5-3.8
B
EU, 1999
Butter
0.35-0.50
B
Sweden, 1988-93
B
Italy, 1994
Dairy/butter
3.7
1.1-8.4
Dairy products
1.25
B
Spain, 1997
Margarine
0.49
B
Spain, 1997
Cheese
2.2
B
Denmark, 1995
Yoghurt
3.8
B
Denmark, 1987
Butter
0.5
B
Denmark, 1987
Dairy prod.
B
Finland, 1991
Butter
1.01
0.83
B
France, 1994-95
Cheese
1.11
B
France, 1994-95
Creams and dairy
prod.
1.34
B
France, 1994-95
Dairy products
0.75
0.39-1.58
B
Germany, 1995
Butter
0.55
0.19-0.87
B
Germany, 1996
Cheese
1.4
B
Netherlands, 1990-91
1.8
B
Netherlands, 1990-91
B
UK, 1992
B
EU,
Butter
Milk products
0.16
f.m.
EGGS
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Eggs
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
1.2-4.6
1999
Eggs
0.17
B
UK,
Duck Eggs
0.8
B
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
Bantam eggs
0.6
B
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
Chicken eggs
1.2
B
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
B
Sweden, 1988-93
1992
Chicken eggs
0.89-1.30
Eggs
1.22
B
Spain, 1997
Eggs
1.5
B
Denmark, 1995
Chicken eggs
1.2
0.3-5.3
B
Finland, 1991
0.56-2.30
B
Germany, 1995
0.23-6.04
B
Germany, 1995
Battery farmed
Battery farmed
1.36
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
38
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MEAN
RANGE
Open pens
Open pens
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
1.63
Free-range
REFERENCE
MS
1.03-23.4
B
Germany, 1995
0.19-5.57
B
Germany, 1995
0.38-11.4
B
Germany, 1995
0.49-22.8
B
Germany, 1995
Free-range
4.58
Eggs
2
B
Netherlands, 1990-91
Eggs
2.03
B
Netherlands, 1996
f.m.
MEAT
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Meat and products
0.1-16.7
B
EU, 1999
Poultry
0.7-2.2
B
EU, 1999
B
UK-SOUTH
WALES, 1998
2.6
B
Denmark, 1995
Poultry and prod.
2.2
B
Denmark, 1995
Beef
< 0.2
B
Finland, 1991
Pork
< 0.1
B
Finland, 1991
Pork
0.5
B
Germany, 1990
Pork
0.28
B
Germany, 1990
Pork
0.41
B
Germany, 1995
Suckling peg
0.13
B
Germany, 1995
Beef
3.5
B
Germany, 1990
Duck meat
Meat and prod.
0.4
Beef
2.6
Beef
1.44
Veal
7.4
Veal
0.70
Veal
0.70
Sheep
0.22-0.61
B
Germany, 1990
B
Germany, 1995
B
Germany, 1990
0.03-1.27
B
Germany, 1995
0.35-1.13
B
Germany, 1995
1.65
B
Germany, 1989
Sheep
2.0
B
Germany, 1990
Sheep
0.23
B
Germany, 1995
Poultry
2.25
B
Germany, 1989
Poultry
2.3
B
Germany, 1990
Poultry
0.70
B
Germany, 1995
Meat products
1.7
B
Germany, 1990
Lard
0.8
B
Germany, 1990
Pork
0.25
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Meat prod.
0.68
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Chicken
0.66
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
0.56-4.31
0.03-0.59
0.50-1.07
Mutton
0.95
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Chicken liver
3.2
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Cow liver
5.7
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Pig liver
15
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
39
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MEAN
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
REFERENCE
MS
Game
17
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Sheep liver
30
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Goat liver
42
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Horse liver
61
B
Netherlands, 1990-96
Poultry
0.13
B
UK, 1992
Offal
0.59
B
UK, 1992
Meat products
0.08
B
UK, 1992
Pork and pork
products
0.90
B
Spain, 1997
Chicken and chicken
products
1.15
B
Spain, 1997
Beef and beef
products
1.76
B
Spain, 1997
Lamb
1.76
B
Spain, 1997
Beef
0.4-1.5
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Beef liver
1.5-3
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Pork fat
0.06-1.2
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Mutton
0.55-1.3
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Moose
1.66-16.7
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Moose kidney tallow
2-3.9
B
Sweden, 1988-93
B
Sweden, 1988-93
B
Sweden, 1988-93
B
UK, 1992
B
EU, 1999
210
B
Sweden, 1988-93
Herring cooked
220
B
Sweden, 1988-93
White fish
5.39
B
Spain, 1997
Sea food
10.59
B
Spain, 1997
Tinned fish
2.57
B
Spain, 1997
Blue fish
7.90
B
Spain, 1997
Fish and prod.
50
B
Denmark, 1995
Herring
58.3
B
Denmark, 1987
Cod liver
40.9
B
Denmark, 1987
Reindeer kidney
tallow
< 1.1
Reindeer kidney
tallow
3-3.3
f.m.
FISH
Fish
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
0.21
Fish
Herring uncooked
f.m.
2.4-214.3
Baltic herring
30.2
B
Finland, 1991
Farmed rainbow
trout
4.17
B
Finland, 1991
Trout fed Baltic
herring
33.4
B
Finland, 1991
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
40
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MEAN
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
Herring
REFERENCE
MS
26.6-42.0
B
Germany, 1990
Herring
21.5
5.2-207.0
B
Germany, 1992
Herring
6.1
2.4-75
B
Germany, 1995
Red perch
12.0
B
Germany, 1992
Red perccodh
10.0
3.4-17.8
B
Germany, 1995
18.5-22.5
B
Germany, 1990
B
Germany, 1992
5.3-59.2
B
Germany, 1995
6.7-9.5
B
Germany, 1990
Cod
Cod
16.7
Cod
11.2
Eel
Mackarel
3.3
B
Germany, 1992
Smoked eel
5.9
B
Germany, 1992
Coalfish/cod
8.0
4.0-14.2
B
Germany, 1992
Trout
7.9
1.9-29.3
B
Germany, 1995
Wild trout
11.8
2.9-48.9
B
Germany, 1995
2.1-11.9
B
Germany, 1995
Imported trout
6.5
1.0-17.4
B
n.a., 1995
Carp wild
22.3
3.5-30.6
B
Germany, 1995
Farmed carp
21.2
6.0-51.1
B
Germany, 1995
Eel/bream/carp
12.3
5.3-17.6
B
Germany, 1995
Anchovy
14.6
B
Italy
Squid
16.6
B
Italy
Mussel
12.0
B
Italy
Norway lobster
5.4
B
Italy
Mackarel
7.9
B
Italy
Red mullet
8.7
B
Italy
Clam
7.7
B
Italy
Clam
5.9
B
Italy
Clam
57.5
B
Italy
Oyster
46.3
B
Italy
Mix freshwater fish
2.4
B
Netherlands, 1990-91
Mix fatty sea fish
6.8
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Mix lean sea fish
49
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Yellow eel
10.7
B
Netherlands 1990-91
herring
11.1
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Mackarel
16.4
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Sole
27.5
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Cod
28
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Shrimps
66.8
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Cod liver
70.4
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Mussels
76.5
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Pike perch
121.5
B
Netherlands 1990-91
Farmed trout
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
41
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
FEEDINGS
(data expressed in
pg WHO-TEQ/g)
MEAN
f.m.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
f.m.
REFERENCE
MS
on lipid
basis
(g fat)
Olive pulp
1.2
I
Europe, 1999-2002
(non edible) olive
pulp
1.7
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Used oils and fats
0.9
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Rendered fat
2.16
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Fish meal from fish
waste
60
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Fish oil from fish
waste
25
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Fish sillage from fish
waste
10
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Whey, skim milk,
butter milk, other
milk by-products,
out of date products
1.9
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Swill (liquid feed)
from catering waste
1.4
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Components from
extraction and
refining step in
vegetables oil
production
0.39
I
Europe, 1999-2002
Components from
processing of fruits,
vegetables and crops
0.036
I
Europe, 1999-2002
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
42
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Table A3- 12:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
PCB µg kg-1
CATEGORY
MEAN
RANGE
CEREALS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
POTATO
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Potato
28
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
700016000
Carrots
REFERENCE
MS
C
USA, 1986
C
USA, 1986
Radish
10
C
USA, 1986
Sugar beet
4
C
USA, 1986
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
PULSES
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Cows’ milk
< 0.4
H*
Austria, 1999-2000
Cows’ milk
< 0.05
A
Finland
Cows’ milk
15
F
Canada, 1989
Cows’ milk
51
F
Italy, 2000
H
EU, 1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
Milk products
Eggs
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
<4
d.m.
MEAT
d.m.
<8
d.m.
EGGS
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Pork
<4
H
Austria and
Belgium, 19992001
Cattle
<4
H
Austria, 1999-2001
Sheep
<4
H
Austria, 1999-2001
d.m.
FISH
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Herring
109
A
Baltic sea
Salmon
199
A
Baltic sea
Rainbow trout
30
A
n.a.
A
n.a
C
USA, 1986
C
USA, 1986
Mix lake fish
FEEDINGSTUFFS
Oats
0.2-18
d.m.
d.m.
26
Maize
Soy
f.m.
27-53
150
f.m.
C
USA, 1986
Potato (peel)
40-61
C
USA, 1986
Sudangrass
12-73
C
USA, 1986
*The detection limit is reported whereas at least 80% of the data collected for that OP in that food commodity is found below the detection limit.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
43
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
Table A3- 13:
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
PAH µg kg-1
CATEGORY
MEAN
d.m.
CEREALS
RANGE
f.m.
d.m.
REFERENCE
MS
f.m.
Dried rye bread
93-291
A
Finland
Yolk powder
4-189
A
Finland
Musli
22-260
A
Finland
G
UK, 1996
G
UK, 1996
G
UK, 1996
A
Finland
A
Finland
POTATO
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Vegetables and cereals–
Benz(a)antracene
0.05-3.17
Vegetables and cereals –
Benz(a)pirene
< 1.42
Vegetables and cereals -
0.01-0.05
Dibenzo(a,h)antracene
PULSES
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Cheese
1-4
d.m.
EGGS
Eggs
d.m.
f.m.
38
d.m.
MEAT
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Meat and prod. –
Benz(a)antracene
0.02-0.13
G
UK, 1996
Meat and prod. – Benz(a)pirene
0.01-0.26
G
UK, 1996
G
UK, 1996
Meat and prod.-
0.01
Dibenzo(a,h)antracene
d.m.
FISH
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Fish and prod. –
Benz(a)antracene
< 0.14
G
UK, 1996
Fish and prod. – Benz(a)pirene
< 0.35
G
UK, 1996
Fish and prod.-
0.03
G
UK, 1996
Mussels – phenantrene
29.5
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels – Antracene
64.7
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels – Antracene
62.3
E
n.a, 1977
Mussels – Florantene
7.2
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Dibenzo(a,h)antracene
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
44
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
MEAN
RANGE
REFERENCE
MS
Mussels – Florantene
9.6
E
n.a, 1977
Mussels – Pirene
18.4
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels – Pirene
2.0
E
n.a, 1977
Mussels – Benz(a)antracene
3.7
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels – Benz(a)antracene
1.9
E
n.a, 1977
Mussels – Benz(a)pirene
1.0
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels – Benz(a)pirene
0.2
E
n.a., 1977
Mussels –
Dibenzo(a,h)antracene
0.1
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels –
Dibenzo(a,h)antracene
0.2
E
n.a., 1977
Mussels – Benzo(g,h,i)perilene
0.3
D
Italy, Ionian
sea, 2000
Mussels – Benzo(g,h,i)perilene
2.9
E
n.a., 1977
FEEDINGSTUFFS
Table A3- 14:
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
HCB µg kg-1
CATEGORY
MEAN
d.m.
CEREALS
Mix cereals
Potato
Rice
Mix fruits
VEGETABLES
(ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
MS
H
Austria, 1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
H
n.a., 1999-2001
f.m.
f.m.
f.m.
< 10
d.m.
REFERENCE
f.m.
< 10
d.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
< 10
d.m.
RICE
f.m.
10
d.m.
POTATO
RANGE
f.m.
Roots
< 10
H
Austria, 1999-2001
Mix vegetables
< 10
H
EU, 1999-2001
H
EU, 1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
d.m.
Leafy vegetables
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 10
PULSES
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK*
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Cows’ milk
0.3
0.2-0.8
Cows’ milk
8
F
Spain,1991
Cows’ milk
25
F
Mexico, 1993
Cows’ milk
6
F
Italy, 1991
Cows’ milk
7
F
Italy, 2000
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
45
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
MILK PRODUCTS
MEAN
d.m.
f.m.
Milk products
f.m.
Eggs
f.m.
FISH
d.m.
FEEDINGSTUFFS
*on lipid basis
d.m.
Cattle
Table A3- 15:
d.m.
REFERENCE
MS
H
EU,
1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
REFERENCE
MS
H
Austria,
1999-2001
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
<3
Aldrin/Dieldrin mg kg-1
CATEGORY
MEAN
d.m.
CEREALS
Cereal
f.m.
RANGE
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.01
Wheat
< 0.01
C
USA,1986
Maize
< 0.01
C
USA,1986
H
Austria, 1999-2001
H
EU, 1999-2001
H
EU, 1999-2001
d.m.
POTATO
Potato
Rice
Fruits
VEGETABLES (ROOTS,
TUBER, FRUITS)
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.01
d.m.
FRUIT
f.m.
< 0.01
d.m.
RICE
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.01
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Mix vegetables
< 0.01
H
EU, 1999-2001
Roots
< 0.01
H
Austria, 1999-2001
C
USA,1986
H
EU, 1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
H
EU, 1999-2001
H
Austria,
1999-2001
H
Austria, 1999-2001
Sugar beet
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
0.08
d.m.
Leafy vegetables
d.m.
MILK
Milk
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.004
d.m.
Eggs
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.01
d.m.
MEAT
d.m.
< 0.0005
Milk products
EGGS
f.m.
< 0.01
d.m.
PULSES
Cattle
FISH
d.m.
< 10
d.m.
MEAT
RANGE
<3
d.m.
EGGS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
< 0.004
d.m.
f.m.
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
46
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
CATEGORY
FEEDINGSTUFFS
MEAN
d.m.
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
RANGE
f.m.
d.m.
REFERENCE
MS
f.m.
Maize (seed)
0.0030.008
C
USA, 1986
Oats (Seed)
0.1-1
C
USA, 1986
Lucerne
0.02
C
USA, 1986
Oats (plant)
0.02
C
USA, 1986
Maize (plant)
0.02
C
USA, 1986
Lucerne
< 0.01
C
USA, 1986
Lucerne
< 0.01
C
USA, 1986
Table A3- 16:
DDT and congeners µg kg-1
CATEGORY
MEAN
RANGE
CEREALS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
POTATO
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
RICE
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FRUIT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
VEGETABLES (LEAFY)
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
PULSES
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MILK
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
REFERENCE
MS
(ROOTS, TUBER, FRUITS)
Cows’ milk*
8.06
F
Canada, 1989
Cows’ milk*
21
F
Spain,1991
Cows’ milk*
22
F
India, 1993
Cows’ milk*
28
F
Mexico, 1993
Cows’ milk*
23
F
Uganda, 1993
Cows’ milk*
5-14
F
Italy, 1991
Cows’ milk*
5-15
F
Italy, 1992
Cows’ milk*
5-10
F
Italy, 1994
F
Italy, 2000
Cows’ milk*
18
MILK PRODUCTS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
EGGS
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
MEAT
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
FISH
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
Herring
97
A
Baltic sea
Salmon
147
A
Baltic sea
Rainbow trout
39
A
n.a.
A
n.a
Mix lake fish
FEEDINGSTUFFS
0.2-6.3
d.m.
f.m.
d.m.
f.m.
* on lipid basis
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
47
HEAVY METALS AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTES
USED AS ORGANIC FERTILISERS
ANNEX 3 - July 2004
A Hietaniemi & Kumpulainen (1994)
B AEA Technology, 1999)
C AA. VV. (1996)
D Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001d)
E Pancirov & Braun (1977)
F Storelli & Storelli & Marcotrignano (2001)
G
UK Committee on toxicity of chemicals in food,
consumer products and the environment (2001)
H- Penisch (2002)
I- BiPRO, IRCE, Ökometric, AFC Consultant, European
POPs Expert Team (2002)
INORGANIC AND ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN FOOD AND FEEDING STUFF LEGISLATION AND BACKGROUND LEVELS
48

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