CHAPTER 4 PREVIEW.docx
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CHAPTER 4 PREVIEW
A Look Back
Chapter 4: The Colonies Grow
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The first permanent English colony was Jamestown, VA in 1607.
John Smith's "work or starve" policy as well as tobacco helped the
colony succeed. Representative government was established.
Puritans (Pilgrims) settled Plymouth for religious freedom. More
and more colonists settled New England (Great Migration).
Many colonists from different countries settled in the Middle
Colonies for different reasons like trade or religious freedom.
Southern colonies grew and relied on cash crops like tobacco, rice,
and cotton. Large plantations depended on slavery.
The differences in geography and resources between the different
regions led to a difference in ways of life, or culture.
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The British Colonies grew and diversified.
Britain controlled all trade (mercantilism)
The slave trade grew as more and more slaves were
shipped to the Americas on the Middle Passage.
France and Britain went to war (French and Indian War).
The major effects of the war were:
o Britain had large war debts
o Colonists were forbidden to cross the Appalachian
Mountains (Proclamation of 1763)
o George Washington learned to fight
COLONIAL DIVERSITY
The colonists adapted to their
environments and developed
different ways of life.
Ben Franklin’s plan to
unite the colonies
against the French. The
colonies did not
approve it.
NEW ENGLAND:
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bad for farming
shipbuilding, shipping, trade
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Good farmland, mild climate
“Breadbasket Colonies”
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Main crops were tobacco,
rice, indigo
Large plantations and slavery
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ALBANY PLAN OF UNION:
MIDDLE COLONIES:
SOUTHERN COLONIES:
1750
Why would a country want a colony?
Britain used its thirteen American colonies as a source of
resources. Britain wanted to control all trade with the colonies—
this is called mercantilism.
In order to control trade, Britain passed laws called Navigation
Acts. One example was that colonists could not sell tobacco to
any country except Britain.
FRENCH & INDIAN WAR (1754-1763)
“The Seven Years War”
BRITAIN & FRANCE:
MIDDLE PASSAGE
The slave trade in the colonies continued. Slaves were shipped
from Africa as part of triangular trade. It was called the Middle
Passage and the conditions were horrible.
1765
1760
1755
Britain and France were bitter
rivals. They both wanted land in the
Ohio River Valley. This led to a war.
PROCLAMATION OF 1763:
King George prohibited the
colonists from moving past
the Appalachian Mountains.
Important events, people, and vocabulary
What is mercantilism?
Mercantilism
Economic theory that the mother country
should control trade in order to make as
much money from its colonies as possible.
What did it do? How did this anger the colonists?
Proclamation
of 1763
Give two examples. Why are these laws unfair?
Navigation
Acts
These laws are examples of mercantilism.
• Colonists could not sell tobacco or sugar
to any country but Britain.
• Colonists had to ship goods using British
ships.
What was triangular trade?
Triangular
trade
Three-legged trade patterns between the
Colonies, Europe, Africa, and the West
Indies.
What was it? Describe the conditions on the ships.
Middle
Passage
The leg of triangular trade that was used to
ship slaves from Africa to the Americas.
Who drew it? What was the purpose of the
cartoon?
Join or Die
cartoon
America’s first political cartoon. It was
drawn by Ben Franklin, who wanted the 13
Colonies to unite against the French. His
Albany Plan of Union failed.
Intended to prevent further fighting with Native
Americans, this proclamation prohibited
colonists from settling land west of the
Appalachian Mountains. Some colonists saw
this as an infringement of their liberty.
Why was this important? What did it lead to?
War debt
British war debt following the French &
Indian War led Britain to tax the colonies
directly. The Stamp Act triggered anger,
protests, and a boycott of British goods.