PDF 20th Oct. 2016
Daily English Vocab
Evacuating patients
The tragic death of at least 22 people and injuries caused to dozens of others in the SUM
Hospital fire in Bhubaneswar on Monday throws up the question: what lessons were learnt from
the AMRI Hospital fire in Kolkata that claimed over 90 victims five years ago? Was the hospital
fire fighting system activated immediately and were emergency measures taken to evacuate
(खाली कराना/ननकालना) patients? These and other aspects (पहल/ू पक्ष) of the incident must be
addressed by an impartial (ननष्पक्ष/न्यायी) investigation. If each deadly fire in a medical facility
provided lessons in hindsight (दरू दर्श/पश्च दृष्ष्ि), India’s hospitals should be witnessing fewer
events annually, with a sharp decline in casualties (जनहानन/हताहतों की संख्या). That would
follow the global trend, as causes of hospital fires are understood better, and regulations
tightened for safety of patients, their families, visitors and staff. There is also insight within the
country on why fires in hospitals could be particularly fierce (तीव्र/भयानक). One study by IIT
Kharagpur engineers points to enrichment of the local environment by oxygen leaks, which sets
off fires in thin plastics. The National Building Code is specific, requiring hospitals to have
horizontal evacuation exits for bedridden patients and sprinkler systems for structures of
specified height, which would cover most medical institutions.
Prevention of fires and emergency response are not high priorities in India, viewed by the Centre
as a municipal function under State governments. With a steady decline in the enforcement
(लागू करना/प्रभावर्ील करना) of urban regulations and building plans, fire risks have multiplied in
public buildings. It will take enormous (बहुत अधिक/अत्यंत) political will and active judicial
oversight (ननरीक्षण/ ननगरानी) to enforce best practices and rein (ननयंत्रण/ रोकना) in violators.
Meanwhile, patients and visitors could get a modicum (अलपांर्/ अलपभाग) of risk protection and
suitable compensation if all institutions offering any form of medical care are compulsorily
required to be insured against disasters. Such a regulation would make a hospital insurable only
if it installs good quality fire warning and control systems. There are reports that not enough
could be done in the SUM Hospital fire to move patients away quickly, as the blaze (ज्वाला/ लौ)
spread and affected vulnerable (अनतसंवेदनर्ील/ आघात योग्य) people receiving intensive (गहन/
प्रचरु मात्रा में ) care. It is also believed there were not enough ambulances available to shift the
patients out. Such evacuation is not the responsibility of the hospital alone, it is also the local
administration’s. Looking ahead, the Centre and State governments should address fire risk in
medical institutions as a top order priority. This can be achieved by understanding the hazard,
adopting the right infrastructure, enforcing the building code, and holding frequent fire drills to
do things correctly in an emergency.
(Courtesy: The Hindu)
1. Evacuate (verb): Remove (someone) from a place of danger to a safer place. (खाली
कराना/ननकालना)
 Synonyms: Remove, Move Out, Shift, Expel, Evict
 Antonyms: Fill, Allow, Remain, Stay
Example: several families were evacuated from their homes after the news of Tsunami.
Verb Forms: Evacuated, Evacuated, Evacuated.
Related Words:

Evacuated (adjective) - ररष्ततकृत

Evacuation (noun) - र्न्
ू यीकरण
2. Aspect (noun): A particular part or feature of something. (पहल/ू पक्ष)
 Synonyms: Feature, Facet, Side, Characteristic, Particular
 Antonyms: Whole, All, Aggregate.
Example: You have to look at every aspect of the problem to really understand why it is
happening.
3. Hindsight (noun): Understanding of a situation or event only after it has happened or
developed. (दरू दर्श/पश्च दृष्ष्ि)
Synonyms: Wisdom, Intelligence, Farsighted
Antonyms: Unintelligence, Ignorance
Example: In hindsight, I wished I had taken my friend’s key when I discovered she had
wrecked her car on the way home.
4. Fierce (adjective): Having or displaying a violent or ferocious aggressiveness. (तीव्र/भयानक)
 Synonyms: Ferocious, Savage, Vicious, Frightening
 Antonyms: Gentle, Moderate, Calm, Pleasant
Example: A fierce battle is being fought for the leadership of the Liberal Party.
Related Words:

Fiercely (adverb): तीक्ष्णता से

Fierceness (noun): ननदश यता
5. Enforcement (noun): The act of enforcing; ensuring observance of or obedience to. (लागू
/प्रभावर्ील करना)
 Synonyms: Imposition, Implementation, Application
 Antonyms: Abandon, Renunciation, Forgetfulness.
Example: The strict enforcement of environmental regulations has become necessary now days.
Verb Forms: Enforce, Enforced, Enforced.
Related Words:

Enforce (verb)- लागू करना

Enforced (adjective) - लागू
6. Enormous (adjective): Very large in size, quantity, or extent. (बहुत अधिक/अत्यंत)
 Synonyms: Huge, Tremendous, Immense, Vast, Very Large
 Antonyms: Little, Minute, Tiny, Small
Example: Hockey is enormously popular in this country, with thousands of kids playing it
every winter.
Related Words:

Enormousness (noun) - ववर्ालता

Enormously (adverb) - अत्यंत
7. Oversight (noun): Watchful and responsible care (ननरीक्षण/ ननगरानी)
 Synonyms: Supervision, Surveillance, Superintendence, Inspection,
 Antonyms: Ignorance, Avoidance.
Example: Effective oversight of the financial reporting process can make processes better.
8. Rein (verb): Limiting or controlling something (from being excessive) (ननयंत्रण करना /
रोकना)


Synonyms: Curb, Govern, Command, Monitoring, Snaffle
Antonyms: Release, Allow, Expand
Example: To rein the inflation, the money supply should be effectively stabilized.
Verb Forms: Rein, Reined, Reined.
Related Words:

Rein (noun) - ननयंत्रण
9. Modicum (noun): A small quantity of a particular thing, especially something desirable or
valuable. (अलपांर्/ अलपभाग)
 Synonyms: Fraction, Little, Fragment.
 Antonyms: Lot, Total, Entire, Whole.
Example: All I need is a modicum of money to pay for my basic needs.
10. Vulnerable (adjective): Exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.
(अनतसंवेदनर्ील/ आघात योग्य)
 Synonyms: Penetrable, Unsafe, Unprotected, Permeable, Unguarded
 Antonyms: Protected, Sage, Secure.
Example: Because little kids have weak immune systems, they are very vulnerable to illness.
Related Words:

Vulnerability (noun): अरक्षक्षतता

Vulnerably (adverb): असुरक्षक्षत रूप से
11. Intensive (adjective): Involving very great extent.(गहन/ प्रचरु मात्रा में )
 Synonyms: Profound, Deep, Thorough
 Antonyms: Superficial, Incomprehensive
Example: Following intensive negotiations with the union, a strike appears to have been
averted.
Verb forms: Intensify, Intensified, Intensified.
Related Words:

Intense (adjective): तीव्र

Intensively (adverb): अधिकता से

Intensify (verb): तीव्र बनाना
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