Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Index Abbensetts, Michael, 294 Abbott, George, 59 Abel, Don, 328, 530 Above the Clouds, 86 Absolution of Willie Mae, The, 397 absurdist theatre, 388–389, 394, 448 Abyssinia, 89, 169–170 Academy of Music, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 157 Academy of Music, Lynn, MA, 71 Academy of Music, New York City, 80 Academy of Music, Philadelphia, PA, 81, 139, 148, 180 accents (see dialect) Ackamoor, Idris, 433 Acme Players, 225 Across the Continent, 126 Across the Footlights, 204 ACT (A Contemporary Theatre), 463 Actors’ Equity Association, 207, 289, 344, 449, 469, 470; and black theatres, 470, 471, 472, 476; employment figures, 367, 457; Non-Traditional Casting Project, 460–461; O’Neal, Frederick, 354, 367, 373, 408; promotes integration, 341, 374, 422; racism, 206, 373; strikes, 174, 341 Adelphi Hall, 78–79, 80, 179 Adkins, Joseph, 523 Adler, Stella, 373 admission (see ticket prices) AETA (see American Educational Theatre Association) affirmative action, 462 Africa, dance, 21, 95, 368–369, 387; depicted on stage, 77, 137, 166, 169, 277, 377; influence on American theatre, 21–22, 368–369, 386–387, 394; language, 398, 501; music, 101, 500; religion, 7, 294 African Ceremonial, 368 African Company (see African Theatre) African Diaspora Theatre, 297 African Dwarf Tommy (Thomas Dilward), 112, 120 African Grove Institute for the Arts (AGIA), 459, 543 African Grove, 26, 459, 509 African Methodist Episcopal Church (see AME Church) African Roscius, see Aldridge, Ira African Theatre (African Company, American Theatre), 26, 29, 32, 38, 177, 273, 274 Africana (1927), 208, 276 Africana, A Congo Operetta (1934), 277 Africanus, 515 Afrikan Women’s Repertory Theatre, 426 Afro-American Opera Company, 179 Afro-American Studio Theatre, 406 Afro-American Theatre, 401 Afro-American Total Theatre, 402 Aftermath, 189, 222 AGIA (see African Grove Institute for the Arts) agitprop plays, 311, 312, 327, 362, 366 Ahrens, Lynn, 304 Aida, 179, 181, 182 AIDS, 303, 434, 438, 449, 544 Aiken, Loreta Mary (see Mabley, Moms) Ailey, Alvin, 282 Ain’t Misbehavin’, 251 Ain’t Supposed to Die a Natural Death, 398, 412, 420–421 Alabama Shakespeare Festival, 454, 457 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Albee, Edward, 295, 388 Aldridge Players, New York City, 225 Aldridge Players, St. Louis, MO, 515 Aldridge Players/West, San Francisco, CA, 285 Aldridge Theatre, Oklahoma City, OK, 86 Aldridge, Ira (F. W. Keene), 40–45, 64, 66, 85, 104, 107, 499; in 1822 riot, 32; reviews of, 22, 44–45 Alhambra Cabaret and Theatre, 172, 230–231, 277, 278 Alice in Wonder, 363 Alice, Mary, 454 “All Coons Look Alike to Me,” 141, 142 All God’s Chillun Got Wings, 236, 346 All-Star Stock Company, 156–157 Allen, Billie, 389 Allen, Debbie, 18, 405 Allen, John Jr., 477 Allen, Shep, 244 Alliance Theatre Company, 447, 542 Allison, Hughes, 330–331, 349 Almost Faithful, 533 Alonzo Players, 480 Alterations, 294 Alvin Theatre, 59, 281 AMAS Repertory Theatre, 366, 386 Ambush, Benny Sato, 470 AME (African Methodist Episcopal) Church, 225, 234, 310, 521 AME Zion Church, 256 Amen Corner, The, 380, 407, 413, 419–420, 536 America Play, The, 444 American Anti-Slavery Society, 50, 51, 54 American Coloured Minstrels, 126–127 American Community Theatre, 292 American Conservatory Theatre, 542 American Educational Theatre Association (AETA), 268 American National Theatre and Academy (ANTA), 373 American National Theatre and Academy Theatre, 366 American Negro Theatre (ANT), 361, 369, 385, 386, 422, 517, 529, 533; history, 350–353, 355–357; Anna Lucasta, 284 American Place Theatre, 220, 283, 449, 462 American Repertory Theatre, 290, 444, 457 American Revolution, 12, 13, 25 American Theatre (see African Theatre) American Theatre Association, 409 Amherst, J. H., 42 INDEX Amos ’n’ Andy, 134, 353, 371, 518 Amos Tuck School of Business Administration, 459, 543 Amos, John, 372 Amsterdam, Morey, 275 Anderson, A. A., 83 Anderson, Al, 136, 194 Anderson, Cecil (Duke of Iron), 279 Anderson, Edwin, 229 Anderson, Garland, 234–236 Anderson, Gary, 471 Anderson, George, 336 Anderson, John, 238 Anderson, Marian, 185, 337, 381 Anderson, Maxwell, 343, 372 Anderson, Rosa, 136 Anderson, Susie (Black Melba), 121–122 Anderson-Gunter, Jeffrey, 294, 296 Andre, Jacqueline, 356 Andrews Sisters, 275, 523 Andrews, Dwight, 452 Andrews, Regina (Ursula Trelling), 226, 362, 516 Androcles and the Lion, 319 Andy Jones, 516 Angel Street, 533 Angelo Herndon Jones, 312, 516 Anita Bush and Her Eight Shimmy Babies, 202 Anita Bush Stock Company, 202, 204 Anna Lucasta, 284, 313, 333, 372, 400; cast, 353, 354, 386, 532; film, 352; history, 351–353, 355 Annotated Tale, An, 436 ANT (see American Negro Theatre) ANTA (see American National Theatre and Academy) Antigone, 284, 410, 534 antiphonal singing, 490 Antony and Cleopatra, 306, 462 apart playing and dancing, 490 apartheid, South African, depicted in plays, 284, 355, 361, 379 Apollo Theatre, 125th Street, 244, 351, 371, 408, 517; effect of integration on, 465; history, 231, 517 Apollo Theatre, 145th Street, 517 Apollo Theatre, Forty-Second Street, 238, 517 Appearances, 234–236 Aranha, Ray, 421 Archer, Osceola, 354, 356, 363, 404 Archer, William, 344 Archibald, William, 279–280 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Aremu, Aduke (Gwen Jones), 413 Arena Players, Baltimore, MD, 409 Arena Stage, Washington, DC, 289, 290, 293, 303, 304, 449, 462, 514, 542 Arena Theatre, Cleveland, OH, 298 Arlen, Harold, 281, 343, 524 Arms and the Girl, 368 Armstead, Joe, 421 Armstrong, Ellen E., 503 Armstrong, Louis, 249 Arneaux, John A., 79–82, 86 Arsenic and Old Lace, 534 Art Theatre Movement (see Little Theatre Movement) Artist Files Online, 461 Arvey, Verna, 185 As You Like It, 257 Ashcroft, Peggy, 347 Astor Place Company, 79, 80 At Home with Ethel Waters, 367 “At Jolly Coon-ey Island,” 131, 149, 274 At Twelve O’clock, 332 Ateca, Dorothy, 260 Atilla the Hun (Raymond Quevedo), 275 Atkinson, Brooks, 216, 280 Atlanta Black Arts Festival (see National Black Arts Festival) Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, 184 Atlanta Theater Company, 449 Atlanta Theatre Festival (see National Black Arts Festival) Atlanta University, 257, 258, 259–261 Attaway, Ruth, 368 Attles, Joseph, 251 Attucks Theatre, 514 AUDELCO (Audience Development Committee), 408, 537; awards, 292, 404, 419, 423, 541 audiences, 47, 165; mixed, 35, 108, 193, 395, 475, 509; segregation of, 47, 172, 230 Augusta, Howard, 350, 362, 534 Austin, James, 243 Avenue Theatre, 514, 519 Baartman, Sarah, depicted in Venus, 445 Babatunde, 387 Baber, Vivienne, 344 Bad Man, 221 Bagneris, Vernel, 251 Bahati, Amirh (Patricia Roberts), 294 Bailey, Pearl, 231, 244, 281, 343, 368, 379 Bailey, Peter, 421 Baker, Josephine, 208, 245, 249, 276, 366–367, 371, 441 Baldwin Theatre, 75 Baldwin, James, 292, 380, 419 Ballad for Bimshire, 282 Ballad of the Winter Soldiers, 382 Ballet Behind the Bridge, A, 297 Balthrop, Carmen, 184 Bamboozled, 446, 500, 519 Bancroft Dynasty, The, 362 Bandana Land, 129, 168, 170–171 banjo, 101–103 Banks, Aaron, 110, 111 Banks, Billy, 75 Banks, Eddie, 372 Baptism, The, 390 Baraka, Amiri (LeRoi Jones), 364, 388, 391, 393, 398, 427, 428, 536; biography, 389–391; Dutchman, 388; Great Goodness of Life (A Coon Show), 391; on A Raisin in the Sun, 377; Slaveship, 7 Barbados Theatre Workshop (Caribbean Theatre of the Performing Arts), 297 Barber Shop, 466 Barker, William H., 505 Barlee, Georgina, 102 Barn Theatre, 300 Barnes, William, 36–38 Barnett, Douglas Q., 412, 420, 464 Barnett, Ida B. Wells (see Wells-Barnett, Ida B.) Barnum, P. T., 55, 114, 122 Barrett, Lawrence, 81, 86 Barrier, The, 313 Barrymore, Ethel, 311, 314, 519 BARTS (see Black Arts Repertory Theatre School) Bass, George Houston, 219, 415, 541 Bassa Moona, 317, 386 Bassett, Angela, 462, 467 Bates, Add, 319 Bates, Mr. (African Theatre), 35, 36 Batson Bergen, Flora, 122, 128, 136, 139, 148, 180–181 Batson, Susan, 410 Battle, Kathleen, 184 Bavardo, Hurle, 81, 86 Bayeza, Ifa (Wanda Celeste Williams), 438 Bayless Dramatic Company, 115 Bayou Legend, A, 185 BBR (see Berkeley Black Repertory) © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Bearden, Romare, 249, 454 Beatrize, Audrey, 356 Beatty, Talley, 282, 523 Beaty, Powhatan, 82, 83, 87 Beauty Shop, 466 Beauty Shop Part II , 466 Bedford-Stuyvesant Theatre, 405, 537 Bedward, 300 Beef, No Chicken, 294, 296 Beers, Charles (Charles Taft), 40 Before It Hits Home, 449 Beggar’s Holiday, 344, 345 Beginning of the Second Earth, The, 433 Belafonte, Harry, 281, 354, 355, 356, 359, 360, 378, 532 Belasco Theatre, New York City, 282 Belasco Theatre, Washington, DC, 243 Belasco, David, 173, 176 Belasco, Lionel, 275 Belgrave, Cynthia, 401 Believers, The, 382 Bell, George W., 68–69 Bell, P. A., 69, 496 Bellamy, Lou, 324, 471 Bells of Cornville, The, 179 Bellywoman Bangarang, 301 Belroy Ethiopian Troupe, 109 Ben Hassen, Omar, 387 Benjamin, Elsie, 279 Bennett, Gwendolyn, 229 Bentley, Eric, 394 Bentley, Gladys, 129, 233 Bergen Star Concert Company, 148, 180 Bergen, Flora Batson (see Batson Bergen, Flora) Bergen, James, 180, 181 Berghof, Herbert, 368 Berkeley Black Repertory (BBR), 469–470 Berle, Milton, 230 Bernard, Jason, 412, 464 Berry, Marilyn, 341 Best, Willie, 342 Bethea, Juanita, 464 Bettis, Charles, 228 Beverly, Trazana, 426 Beyond the Blues, 299 BHM (see Buffalo Historical Marionettes) Bial, Rudolf, 256, 508 Bibb, Leon, 395 Bibb-Thompson, Eloise, 514, 515 INDEX Big Bethel AME Church, 381 Big Butt Girls, Hard-Headed Women, 433 Big Deal, The, 363 Big White Fog, 322–324, 349, 377, 472, 528 Bijou Opera House, Milwaukee, WI, 73 Bijou Theatre, New York City, 159 Bijou Theatre, Philadelphia, PA, 164 Billboard, 241 Billie Holiday Theatre, 291, 297, 298, 300, 401, 404–405, 406, 419 Biltmore Theatre, 301 Bird, Robert Montgomery, 52, 83 Birth of a Minstrel, see Rufus Rastus Birth of a Nation, 220, 227 Bishop, Andrew S., 203, 213, 233, 242, 512 Bitter Cup, The, 345 Black Aesthetic, The, 428 Black Alliance Theatre, 293 Black America, 133, 142–144 Black American Troubadours, 196 Black and Blue, 251 Black Arts Council, 468 Black Arts Festival (see National Black Arts Festival) Black Arts Movement, 268, 290, 373, 386–416, 427–429 Black Arts Movement, The (essay by Neal), 428 Black Arts Repertory Theatre School (BARTS), 390 Black Arts/West, 392, 412, 420, 538 Black Baby Boy Minstrels, 116, 117 Black Bart and the Sacred Hills, 472, 545 Black Body Blues, 292 Black Caribs, 27, 29, 35 Black Carl (Carl Dante), 121, 504 Black Circles ’Round Angela: A Documentary Musical, 402 Black Diamond Quartet, 135, 196 Black Doctor, The, 43, 64, 65 Black Eagles, 476 Black Eddie Foy ( John W. Brewer), 121–122 black English (see dialect) Black Fire, 428 Black Folks and Heroes, 434 Black Girl, 400, 404, 418, 447 Black Herman, 121–122 Black Macbeth, 296 (see also Macbeth) Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman, 427 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Black Male/Female, 427 Black Masks, 486 Black Musical Review, The, 473 Black Napoleon ( John Walcott Cooper), 122 Black Nativity, 382, 401, 403, 469, 472, 546 Black One Hundred, 122 Black Panther Party, 387, 389, 428, 470 Black Patti Troubadours, 132, 147, 149–150, 166, 196, 274, 506 (see also Jones, Sissieretta) Black Quartet, 391 Black Rhythm, 278 Black Souls, 314 Black Spectrum Theatre, 480 black studies departments, 414–415 Black Swan Troubadours, 208 Black Swan (see Greenfield, Elizabeth Taylor) Black Teacher and the Dramatic Arts, The, 270 Black Theater Arts Magazine, 399 Black Theatre, 486, 536 Black Theatre Alliance (BTA), 385, 405–407, 448, 480, 486, 537 Black Theatre Association, 538 Black Theatre Festival, Winston-Salem, NC (see National Black Theatre Festival) Black Theatre Festival USA, New York City, 403, 542 Black Theatre Network (BTN), 486, 538 Black Thunder, 533 Black Trilby Company, 118–119, 120, 154 Black Vesta Tilley (Florence Hines), 129, 145 Black Woman, 296 Black Woman in White, 527 Black World (Negro Digest), 486 Blackberries of 1932, 277 Blackbirds, 208, 230, 239, 248, 249, 277, 325 blackface, 96, 156, 196, 204, 231, 235, 242, 311; before minstrelsy, 96; first used, 499; in the 1990s, 445–446, 541; in the Caribbean, 274; in South Africa, 128; in Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1933, 59; minstrelsy, 91, 92, 94; worn by Blacks, 108, 129, 130, 162, 173, 246; worn by Whites, 185, 315, 519 Blackfriars, 344 Blacks, The, 283, 388, 489 Blacksmyths, 465 Blackville Jubilee Singers, 124 Blackville Twins, The, 75, 128 Blake, Eubie, 215, 245, 246, 319, 531 Bland, James, 101 Bledsoe, Jules, 181, 182, 203, 236, 322 Blithe Spirit, 267, 268 Blkartsouth, 399 Blood Knot, 379, 393, 518 Blood on the Fields, 312, 526 Bloodstream, 333 Blue, 450, 542 Blue Angel, The, 279, 282 Blue Holiday, 282, 532 Blue Stories, The, 434 Blues for an Alabama Sky, 447, 463, 473 Blues for Mister Charlie, 380, 535 Boesman and Lena, 379 Bohee brothers ( James and George), 102–103, 114, 124 Bohee, May, 118 Bolt from the Blue, A, 386 Bombastes Furioso, 36 Bond, Tim, 463, 465 bones (musical instrument), 103, 500 Bonner, Marita Odette, 223–225, 389, 514 Bontemps, Arna, 317, 343, 358, 359 Booth Theatre, 426 Booth, Edwin, 61, 81, 86 Booth-Barrett Amateurs, 86 Boris Godounov, 182 borrowing of material (see copying) Bosan, Alonzo, 338 Boston Negro Theatre, 332 Boston Players, 515 Boston Playwrights Theatre, 289 Boston Symphony, 182 Bound by an Oath, 86 Bowery Amphitheater, 93 Bowman, Laura, 514 Boxing Day Parade, The, 293 Boy Days, 296 Bradford, Alex, 382 Bradford, Joseph, 71 Bradford, Roark, 308 Branch, William B., 17, 244, 361, 365 Branner, Djola Bernard, 437 brass bands, 117, 122 Brathwaite, William Stanley, 59 Brattle Hall, 220, 347 Bray, Keve, 464 breakdown (dance), 94, 143, 211 Brecher, Leo, 231, 234 Breen, Robert, 315 Breuer, Lee, 383, 463 Brewer, John W. (Black Eddie Foy), 121–122 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Brewster, Townsend, 421 Brewster, Yvonne, 300 Briggs, Bunny, 251 Briggs-Hall, Austin, 350, 533 Bring in ’Da Noise, Bring in ’Da Funk, 438–439, 500 Bristles, 436 Broadhurst Theatre, 326 Broadway Brevities of 1920, 175 Broadway Opera House, Chicago, IL, 111 Broadway Rastus, 519 (see Put and Take) Brock, Gertha, 419, 423 Broken Banjo, The, 223 Broken Bars, 225 Brooklyn Academy of Music, 7, 303, 384, 391 Brooklyn Atheneum, 79 Brooks, Alice, 79 Brooks, Avery, 452 Brooks, Marion A., 195, 198 Brooks, Shelton, 247 Brother Mose, 237, 316, 332 Brown Overcoat, The, 494 Brown Sugar, 278 Brown, Abena Joan, 474 Brown, Ada O., 90 Brown, Donald O. H., 545 Brown, Edward C., 233, 234, 242 Brown, Gilmore, 327 Brown, Graham, 341 Brown, H. Rapp, 387 Brown, Hallie Q., 138 Brown, John, 16, 495; depicted in plays, 17, 143, 365 Brown, Lennox, 294, 297–298 Brown, Lorraine, 333 Brown, Marion “Spoons,” 336 Brown, Oscar Jr., 380 Brown, Pearl, 193, 198 Brown, Ralph, 251 Brown, Rozier, 538 Brown, Ruth, 251 Brown, Sterling, 260 Brown, Tom, 205 Brown, William (theatre professor), 272 Brown, William Alexander, 24, 25, 26, 27–36, 40, 41, 104 Brown, William Wells (see Wells Brown, William) Browne, Maurice, 347 Browne, Roscoe Lee, 283, 289, 395, 464 INDEX Browne, Theodore, 328–329, 349, 529 Brownsville Laboratory Theatre, 405 Brownsville Raid, The, 473 Bruce, John E., 139 Bruce, Lenny, 387 Bruce, Solomon, 514 Brustein, Robert, 444, 454, 456–457 Bryant, Elsie, 544 Bryant, Hazel, 385, 401, 402–404, 406, 537 Bryant, Willie, 211 Brymn, Tim, 192 BTA (see Black Theatre Alliance) BTN (see Black Theatre Network) BTNews, 486 Bubbling Brown Sugar, 251, 283, 366, 421, 473 Buck and Bubbles, 231 Buck and the Preacher, 355 buck-and-wing, 91, 99, 136, 143 Buckley’s Serenaders, 103 budgets (see finances) Buffalo Historical Marionettes (BHM), 331, 530 Buffalo Music Association, 178 Bulldoggers, The, 205 Bullins, Ed, 389, 391–393, 398, 461, 536 Bully, Alwyn, 305 “Bumpy” Johnson, 386, 390 Bundy, McGeorge, 395 Burbridge, Edward, 423, 536 Burghers of Calais, The, 291 Burgie, Irving, 282 Burgoyne, Olga, 190 Burlap Summer Theatre, 362 Burlesque Combination, 127 Burley, Don, 351 Burning the Mortgage, 528 Burrill, Mary, 189, 222 Burris, A. M., 226 Burroughs, Baldwin, 260, 261, 285 Burroughs, Charles, 201 Burrows, Vinie, 314, 359, 449, 541 Bury the Dead, 326 Bush, Anita, 202–203, 204, 205, 512 Bush, Norman, 536 Butcher, James W., 222, 260, 266, 336, 341, 522 Butler, Bennie, 240 Butler, Buddy, 406, 412 Butler, Michael, 301 Butterbeans and Susie, 211, 232, 497, 518, 531 By Their Fruits: A Pageant of the Negro Race, 261 Byrd, Donald, 435–436 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX cabarets, 230–233 Cabin in the Sky, A, 162, 208, 342 cabin songs, 113 Cable, George W., 95, 102 Cadogan, Ricardo, 297 Caesar, Adolph, 410 CAFE (see Caribbean Arts Festival Ensemble) Café Ariel Theatre, 426 Café Society, 368 Cage Rhythm, 449 cakewalk, 91, 127, 131, 146, 150–152, 154, 165, 190, 211, 232, 246, 276; contests, 136, 144, 145, 154; history, 152–154; in Great Cuba Pageant of, 201, 256; origin, 133, 502; syncopation in, 142 Calalou, 282 Caldwell, Ben, 391, 393, 398 Caleb, the Degenerate, 199 California Theatre, 70 Call Me Mister, 341, 532 call-and-response, 490 Callender minstrel company, 73, 75, 112, 122, 130, 503 Callender, Charles, 112, 115, 117 Calloway, Cab, 230, 244, 249, 379 calypso, 275–276 Cambridge, Ed, 282, 527, 534, 536 Cambridge, Godfrey, 534 Camillo, Marvin Felix, 402, 538 Campbell, Dick, 336, 342–343, 349, 421, 527 Candle in the Wind, 399 Cannibal King, The, 155 Cannon, J. A., 410 Cantilevered Terrace, The, 280 Cantor, Eddie, 174, 175, 520 Capeman, 290 Capote, Truman, 280, 281 Captain at Cricket, 293 Captain Brassbound’s Conversion, 229 Captain Jasper, 150 Captain Kidd Company, 131 Captain Rufus, 193, 194 Carib Chief, The, 33–34 Carib Song, 279, 368, 532 Carib War (see Drama of King Shotaway, The) Caribbean American Repertory Theatre (CART), 293–296 Caribbean Arts Festival Ensemble (CAFE), 292 Caribbean Carnival, 279 Caribbean Experience Theatre, 296 Caribbean Theatre of the Performing Arts, 297 Caribs, Black, 27, 29, 35 Carmen, 179, 180 Carmen Jones, 342–343, 345, 367, 532 Carmichael, Stokely, 387 Carnegie Hall, 182, 282 Carnival Island, 372 Carolina Comedy Four, 236 Carpetbag [Theatre], 542 Carril, Pepe, 294 Carroll, Diahann, 374, 378 Carroll, Vinnette, 284, 382, 401–402, 421, 537 Carry Me Back to Morningside Heights, 355 CART (see Caribbean American Repertory Theatre) CART/West, 296 Carter, Dorothy, 338 Carter, Fred, 527 Carter, Jack, 521 Carter, Steve, 292–293, 396 Caruso, Charles A., 115 Carver, Carrie, 362 Cash, Rosalind, 424, 536 Casino Theatre, New York City, 152, 164 Casino Theatre, Philadelphia, PA, 159, 213 Cassin, Stephen, 165 Castillo Theatre, 13 casting, all-black, 342, 367, 379, 458, 532 casting, mixed-race, 425; 1800s, 78, 133, 136; 1900–1930s, 161, 179, 204, 226, 229, 235, 237, 240, 318, 328; 1940s, 343–344, 363, 532; 1990s, 460–465; AMAS Repertory Theatre (1960s–1970s), 386; Bert Williams in Ziegfeld Follies, 172, 173; classics, esp. Shakespeare (1960s–1970s), 424–425; East River Players (1960s–1980s), 413; Greenwich Mews Theatre (1950s–1960s), 364; Integration Showcase 1959, 268; Inner City Cultural Center, 410; Jamaica (1957), 281; Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 56, 73 (see also Creole Show; Othello) Caucasian Chalk Circle, The, 442, 448 Cavalcade of the Negro Theatre, 358 CCC (see Civilian Conservation Corps) Cellar, The, 362 censorship, 188, 238, 256, 290, 389; of FTP productions, 328, 329, 331, 332 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information census figures, black actors, 1910, 213; blacks in the performing arts, 1890, 90; blacks in school, 1890, 255; freemen, 1790, 18; freemen, 1800, 18; slave population, 1800–10, 15 Centennialites (Fisk Singers, Jubilee Singers), 114 Center Stage, 289, 462 Central Theatre, 235 Ceremonies in Dark Old Men, 418, 423 CET (see Concept East Theatre) CETA (see Comprehensive Employment Training Act) chalk-line walk (cakewalk), 154 challenge dances (see ring-shout; dance contests) Champagne and Sky Juice, 303 Chapelle, Tom, 202 Chappelle, Pat, 130 Charlatan, The, 289 Charles, Hubert (Roaring Lion, Rafael de Leon), 275, 523 Charles, Martie, 393 Charleston (dance), 246 Charley White’s Minstrels, 98 Ché, 290, 389 Checkmates, 400 Chelsea Theatre Center, 7, 303, 391 Chenault, Lawrence, 145, 193 Chennell, George, 135 Cherry Orchard, The, 283, 353, 424 Chester Amusement Company, 198 Chestnut Street Theatre, 64 Chicago American Negro Exposition, 265–266, 358 Chicago Civic Opera, 181 Chicago Unit, Federal Theatre Project, 319–326 Chicago Negro Art Theatre (CNAT), 359 Chicago Repertory Group, 319 Chicago World’s Fair (see World’s Columbian Exposition) Chickering Hall, 83 Child of the Sun; or, The Bondsmen Brothers, 65 children, in theatre, 129, 130, 190, 211, 248, 337, 348; theatre for, 331, 405, 413–414 Childress, Alice, as actor, 353, 356, 532; as director, 361; as playwright, 17, 338, 365, 388, 396, 534; Committee for the Negro in the Arts, 359, 361, 533 INDEX Childress, Alvin, 353, 372, 532 Chip Woman’s Fortune, The, 217, 234, 261 Chitlin’ Circuit, 71, 465–468 Chocolate Dandies, The, 208, 245, 246 Chorpenning, Charlotte, 331 Chorpenning, Ruth, 319 chorus lines, 208, 240 choruses, black, 55, 56 Christian, Robert, 424 Christmas, A, 258 Christophe: A Tragedy in Prose of Imperial Haiti, 139, 199–211, 354 Christophe, Henri, 25; depicted in theatre, 139, 199–211, 317, 318, 354, 533 Christy Minstrels, 111, 118, 127, 128 Christy, Edwin P., 94 CHT (see Council on Harlem Theatres) Church Fight, The, 223, 225 Church Mouse, The, 225 Church Street Theatre, 48 churches, theatre in, 225, 226, 234 (see also spirituals; gospel plays) Cinda, 332 circle dance (see ring-shout) circuits, touring, 71, 206, 230, 231, 241, 407, 465–468 (see also Theatre Owners’ Booking Agency) Cities in Bezique, 434 City of Kings, 344 Civic Theatre Guild, 515 Civil Rights Act (1964), 464 civil rights plays, 338–341, 379–381, 382 (see also Finian’s Rainbow; Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope; Lost in the Stars; Medal for Willie, A) Civil Sex, 437 Civil War, 61–63; blacks in military, 62, 502 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 348 Clara’s Ole Man, 392 Clarendon Hall, 81, 179 Clark, China, 404, 537 Clark, Kenneth, 384–385, 386 classic plays, blacks in, 1960s–1970s, 424–425 (see also Shakespeare, William; specific titles) Clavery, Rod, 281 Clayton Georgia Minstrels, 109 Cleage, Pearl, 396, 447, 463, 541 Cleary, Beth, 539 Cleveland Playhouse, 217 Cleveland Symphony, 183 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Climate of Eden, 283 Climbing Jacob’s Ladder, 516 Clorindy; or, The Origin of the Cakewalk, 110, 131, 141, 150–152, 155, 165 Clotel; or, The President’s Daughter: A Narrative of Slave Life in the United States (novel), 52, 495 Clothilde the Creole, or, Our Old Kentucky Home, 140 Clough, Estelle, 179 Clough, Inez, 213 Club Baron, 360, 361 Club Ebony, 337 clubs, profiles, 230–233 CNA (see Committee for the Negro in the Arts) CNAT (see Chicago Negro Art Theatre) Coburg Theatre (see Royal Coburg Theatre) Cochran, J. P., 523 Cochren, Felix E., 423 Cogan, Daniel J., 535 Coker, Norman, 317 Cole, Maria, 421 Cole, Robert (Bob) Allen Jr., 23, 92, 119, 128, 132, 156–157, 160, 187, 491; biography, 156–162; in Black Patti Troubadours, 147, 149–150; on the word coon, 498; partnership with Billy Johnson, 157–158, 507; partnership with Rosamond Johnson, 158, 160 Coleman, Ralf, 316, 332–333 Coleman, Warren, 332, 343 Coleman, William, 533 Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel, 158 Coles, Honi, 231 Coles, Zaida, 341 college theatre (see educational theatre) Collie, Kelsie E., 414 Collins, Kathleen, 404, 537 Colonial Theatre, 514, 519 Colonial Williamsburg, 436 Color Struck, 218, 513 color-blind casting (see casting, mixed-race) Colored Actors Beneficial League, 206 Colored Actors Union, 206 Colored Amateur Company, 69 Colored American Opera Company, 178 Colored Aristocracy, 76 Colored Dramatic Troupe, 69 Colored Museum, The, 440, 441–442, 475 Colored Music Festival concerts, 182 Colored Opera Company of Chicago, 178 Colored People’s Day (1893), 137 Colored Troubadours, 73 Colored Vaudeville Benevolent Association, 207 Columbia Pictures, 377 Columbia Records, 169, 174 Columbia Theatre, 194–195 Columbian Exposition (see World’s Columbian Exposition) Come Back After the Fire, 270 Come Down Burning, 449 comedians, 517; black, 110, 112, 146, 202, 231, 278; white, 230, 231 (see also Banks, Aaron; Cantor, Eddie; Cole, Robert (Bob) Allen Jr.; Cox, Abe; Cross, James “Stump”; Fields, W. C.; Gregory, Dick; Height, Bob; Kersands, Billy; Lucas, Sam; Markham, Dewey “Pigmeat”; Mathews, Charles; McIntosh, Tom; Pryor, Richard; Tribble, Andrew; Walker, George; Williams, Bert) Comedy of Errors, 217 Comedy Theatre, 278 Coming Home to Roost, 526 Coming of Nabuku, The, 441 Comments, 426 Committee for the Negro in the Arts (CNA), 359–360, 361, 362, 533 communism, 312, 323, 324, 391 (see also McCarthyism) Community Theatre, Richmond, VA, 515 community theatres, 364, 404, 409–414 Comprehensive Employment Training Act (CETA), 373, 400, 406, 448, 475 Compromise, 223 Comrades, 85 Comstock, F. Ray, 170, 171, 172 Concept East Theatre (CET), 399, 537 Confession Stone, The, 403 Congo Square, 95 Conjur’ Man Dies, 317 Connelly, Marc (see Green Pastures, The) Connie’s Inn, 233, 248 Conrad, “Connie,” 233 Conroy, Jack, 319 Contemporary Theatre, A (ACT), 463 contests, dance, 99, 136, 144, 145, 154; playwriting, 218, 472, 514 contraband groups, 107 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information contracts, 145, 157, 207, 361; Anna Lucasta, 351, 352–353; Carmen Jones, 342; touring minstrel shows, 119, 503; Williams and Walker, 169, 170 Contribution, 419 Cook, Abbie Mitchell (see Mitchell Cook, Abbie) Cook, Kim, 432 Cook, Will Marion, 131, 137, 156–157, 165, 168–169, 171, 191, 213; biography, 154–156; Clorindy, or the Origin of the Cakewalk, 131, 141, 150–152 Cook, William W., 458 Cooke, Anne, 258, 260, 266, 341, 522 Cool World, The, 379 Cooley High, 478 Cooley, Isabel, 228 Coolidge, Calvin, 235 coon, history of the term, 130–131, 141–142, 498; shouts, 211; songs, 91, 126, 130–131, 141, 150, 158, 163, 498 Coon Carnival, Cape Town, S. A., 128 Cooper, John Walcott, 122 Cooper, Opal, 213 Cooper, Ralph, 231 Coordinating Council for Negro Performers, 363 Coppola, Francis Ford, 517 copying of performances, 230, 231, 275, 315, 523 Corbin, Clayton, 228 Corbitt, Wayne, 438 Cordova, Raphael de, 274 Coriolanus, 425 Cornerstone Playwriting Contest, 472 Coronet Theatre, 419 corporate funding, 468, 478, 545, 546 Cort Theatre, 444 Corthron, Kia, 449 Cosby, Bill, 388, 476 Cosmopolitan Theatre, 79 costume design, 104, 242, 245, 387, 422–423; of drill teams, 120, 503; of minstrel troupes, 94, 102, 120 Cotter, Joseph S. Sr., 199 Cotton Club, 230 Cotton, Slivy Edmonds, 467 Council on Harlem Theatres (CHT), 362 Count of Monte Cristo, The, 204 Count of No Account, 193 INDEX Couples, 303 Court Theatre, 304 Courted into Court, 142 Courtney, Ward, 530 Courtyard Players, 289 Cousar, Terri, 540 Covent Garden Theatre, 41, 44, 155 Coward, Noël, 268 Cox, Abe, 110, 111, 124 Cox, W. Drury, 523 Cradle Will Rock, The, 345 Craig’s Wife, 359 Cranvell, R. R., 79 Creamer, Henry, 203, 213 Creole, defined, 525 Creole Show, The, 91–92, 129, 133, 146, 156 Crescent Theatre, 183 Crimson Skull, The, 205 Crisis, 218, 239 Crisis Guild of Writers and Artists (see KRIGWA) Criterion Theatre, 75 critics, black, 238, 239–241, 421–422, 428–429, 458 (see also Jackson, James A.; Jefferson, Miles; Russell, Theodore; Walton, Lester A.) Crogman, Ada, 261 Cromer, Harold, 231 Cross, James “Stump,” 231, 236 cross-dressing, 73, 105–107, 120, 128–129, 173, 192, 211, 225, 233, 248, 515 cross-racial casting (see casting, mixed-race) Crossings, 435 Crossroads Theatre Company, 304, 441, 447, 450, 457–458, 474–477, 542, 545 Crowder, Reuben, see Hogan, Ernest Crowning Experience, The, 345 Crucible, The, 460 ’Cruiter, 222 Crusades and Crusaders, 258 Cruse, Harold, 360, 374, 377 Crusoe (Caruso), Charles A., 115 Cry, the Beloved Country, 284, 355 Crying Holy, 438, 449 Crystal Heart, The, 280 Cullen, Countee, 229, 317, 343, 520 Cultural Odyssey, 433 Cumerbatch, Billy, 532 Cummings, Cecil, 405 Cuney-Hare, Maud, 138 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Curtain Call, Mr. Aldridge, Sir, 270 Curtis Afro-American Minstrels, 76, 131 Curtis, M. B., 132, 504 Curtwright, Phyllis, 474 D’Usseau, Arnaud, 339 Da Minstrel Show, 412 Dafora Horton, Asadata, 317 Dahomey, depictions of, 137, 140 (see also In Dahomey) Daily’s Sixty-Third Street Music Hall, 244 Dallas Negro Players, 515 Dallas Theater Center, 468 Dallas, Walter, 456, 478, 545 Daly, Charles, 65 Dame Lorraine, 293 Damon and Pythias, 80, 82, 88 dance, 434, 435–436; African, 21, 95, 368–369, 387; ballet, 374; contests, 99; hornpipe, 35, 36; soft-shoe, 158; walking the dog, 247 (see also breakdown, cakewalk, jig) Dance Bongo, 285 Dancer, Earl, 276, 278 Dandrige, Dorothy, 532 Dandy Jim, 99, 104–105, 164 Danforth, George, 111 Dangerous Love, 233 Daniele, Graciela, 304 Danitra, Live and in Color!, 442 Dante, Carl (Black Carl), 121, 504 Dark Fruit, 437 Darker Face of the Earth, The, 450, 472 Darkest America, 145–146, 152, 506 Darkydom, 155 Dartmouth College, 5, 269, 289, 298, 299, 459, 524 Dashiki Theatre, 409–410 David Murray Octet, 435 Davidson, Gordon, 25, 443 Davidson, N[orbert] R. Jr., 410 Davis, Angela, 439 Davis, Anthony, 448 Davis, Belle, 146 Davis, Blevin, 315 Davis, Christopher, 448 Davis, Clinton Turner, 304, 317, 460 Davis, Collin, 192 Davis, Gussie, 118, 156–157 Davis, Hazel, 325 Davis, Henrietta Vinton, 80, 81, 83, 86, 87–89, 138, 139, 140 Davis, Jefferson D., 350 Davis, Ossie, 270, 282, 363, 381, 421, 429, 459, 486, 527, 542; biography, 354 (see also Purlie; Purlie Victorious) Davis, Sammy Jr., 352, 368, 379 Davis, Thulani, 448–449 Dawkins, Basil, 302, 303 Dawson, Mary Cardwell, 181 Days of Our Youth, 356 Days of Thunder, Nights of Violence, 412 De Leon, Rafael (Hubert Charles, Roaring Lion), 275, 523 De Shields, Andre, 461 Deacon’s Avakening, The, 217 Dean, Laura, 92 Dean, Philip Hayes, 283, 418 Dean, Viola, 527 Dear Counsellor, 300 Dearing, Judy, 423 Death of a Salesman, 353, 462 Death of Bessie Smith, The, 388 Death of Christophe, King of Haiti, The, 42 Deceived; or, All Alone, 78–79 Deception, 82 Declaration of Independence, 12 Dee, Ruby (Wallace), 354, 377, 381, 400, 459, 486, 527, 534, 542 Deep Are the Roots, 339 Deep Purple, 236 Deep River, 182, 314 Deeter, Jasper, 228–229 Defense, The, 291 Delacorte Theatre, 424, 441 DeLeon, Walker, 509 Delmar; or, Scenes in Southland, 82 Dent, Tom, 399, 536 Deportee, 302 Derby, Doris, 397 desegregation, see integration DeSheim, Charles, 321, 528 Desmond, Cleo, 233, 242 Dessalines (play), 88, 138, 139 Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, depictions of (see Dessalines; Drums of Haiti; Troubled Island) Detective Story, 244, 371 Deutsches Theater, 183 Devereaux, B. C., 79 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Devil Mas’, 298 Devil’s Bridge, The, 177 Devonear, Pete, 112 DeVore-Harrison, Frances, 474 DeWolf sisters, 149 dialect, 327, 392, 424, 448, 500, 501, 513; defended by S. Randolph Edmonds, 264–265; in minstrelsy, 104, 108, 112, 501; in Three Plays for a Negro Theatre, 213; in HBCU productions, 261; opposed by Lester Walton, 204 Dialect Determinism, 392 Dickerson, Glenda, 447 Did Adam Sin?, 528 Dilemma of the Negro Actor, The, 329 Dillard, William, 367 Dilward, Thomas ( Japanese Tommy, African Dwarf Tommy), 112, 120 Dis-A-Reggae, 302 Disappointed Bride, or, Love at First Sight, The, 85 Divine Comedy (Dodson), 307 “Dixie,” 94, 99–101 Dixie to Broadway, 240, 247 Dixon, Ivan, 228, 377 Dixwell Players, 515 Do the Right Thing, 354 Doctor Dope, 193, 197 Doctor of Alcantara, The, 178 Dodson, Owen, 269, 270, 307, 337, 341, 356, 382, 390, 403, 410, 428, 531; at Atlanta University, 260, 261; at Howard University, 265, 266 Doesticks, Q. K. Philander (Mortimer Thomson), 48–49 Don Caesar de Bazin, 82 Don Juan, 28, 32, 35 Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope, 382, 402 Don’t Judge by Appearances, 234–236 Don’t Play Us Cheap, 421 Don’t Start Me to Talking or I’ll Tell Everything I Know: Sayings from the Life of Junebug Jabbo Jones, 399 Don’t You Want to Be Free?, 312, 358 Donavin, L. H., 75 Dorrie Miller, 337 Dorsch Center, 289 Dotson, Josie, 410 Dotson, Zerita, 470, 544 Dougherty, Romeo L., 236, 241 Douglas, 27 INDEX Douglas, Marion, 260 Douglass Theatre, 243, 514 Douglass, C. H., 206 Douglass, Frederick, 16, 21, 54, 87, 137, 498 (see also Black America; Fred Douglass Leaves For Freedom; Fred Douglass’s Reception; In Splendid Error) Douglass, Joseph H., 139 Dove, Rita, 450, 472 Dowling, Eddie, 341 Down Among the Cypress, 118 Downs, Maria C., 202–203, 234 Dr. Herb’s Prescription, 247 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, 204, 518 Drama Critics Circle Award, 454 Drama Desk Awards, 379, 382, 392, 396, 398, 408, 418, 419, 421, 443, 461 Drama of King Shotaway, The, 22, 29, 35 Drama Review, The, 393, 486 Dramatists Guild of America, 351, 352, 361, 374, 475 Dream on Monkey Mountain, 288–289, 538 Dreamgirls, 540 Dred, 65 Drewette, T., 128 drill teams, 117, 120, 126, 500, 503 Drinking Gourd, The, 378 Drucker, Frances, 364 drumming, 118, 386, 490, 502 Drums and Colours, 288 Drums of Haiti, 185 Drury Lane Theatre, 41, 44, 133, 495 Drury Musical Arts Club, 180 Drury, Theodore, 139, 179–180 Dry August, The, 369 Du Bois, Shirley Graham, 321–322, 528 Du Bois, W. E. B., 58, 188, 216, 218, 222–223, 253, 257, 261, 322, 350; on the purpose of theatre, 217, 220; Star of Ethiopia, The, 201–202, 261, 322 Duchess of Malfi, The, 345 Dudley, Sherman H., 142, 173, 206, 208, 244 Dudley, Susan B., 258 Duke of Iron (Cecil Anderson), 279 Dumas Company, Louisville, KY, 86 Dumas Dramatic Club, St. Louis, MO, 86 Dumas Players, Cleveland, OH, 86, 226–228 (see also Karamu House; Gilpin Players) Dumas, Alexandre (père), 49, 86, 226 Dunbar Amusement Corporation, 242–243 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Dunbar Players, 205, 225 Dunbar Theatre, 207, 233, 242–243, 244, 519 Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 89, 138, 188, 261, 308, 370, 445, 507; collaborations with Will Marion Cook, 150, 155, 168–169; depicted in plays, 450, 529 Dunbar, Rudolph, 278 Dunbar-Nelson, Alice, 188–189 Duncan, Todd, 343 Dunham Dancers, 279, 337 Dunham, Katherine, 279, 282, 319, 342, 368, 387 Dunmore, Robert, 319 Duplex, The, 392 Durkee, J. Stanley, 261 Dust to Earth, 322 Dutchman, 388, 389, 535 Dutton, Charles, 454 Dvorak, Antonin, 154 Dyer, Sammy, 325 Early to Bed, 280 Earth and Stars, 338 East Indian Princess, The, 83 East River Players, 413 East Texas Hot Links, 471 East Turner Hall, 140 Easton, Hosea, 126 Easton, Sidney, 527 Easton, William Edgar, 88, 138, 139, 199–211 (see also Christophe: A Tragedy in Prose of Imperial Haiti; Dessalines) Ebony Showcase Theatre (EST), 372–373, 535 Eddie, Nelson, 122 Eden, 292 Eden Theatrical Workshop, 272 Edgecombe, David, 305, 306 Edison Theatre, 382 Edmonds, Sheppard Randolph, 16, 90, 221, 222, 262, 263–264, 338, 513, 514, 515 educational theatre, 5, 218; in 1960s–1970s, 414–416 Edward, Harry F. V., 307, 317 Edwards, Gus, 292, 396 Edwards, James, 359, 372 Edwards, Jodie “Butterbeans” and Susie Hawthorne (see Butterbeans and Susie) Egan, Pierce, 34 El Hajj Malik: The Dramatic Life and Death of Malcolm X , 410 Elder, Lonne III, 377, 418 Eldridge, Billy, 146 Electra, 283 Electronic Nigger, The, 392, 538 Elijah’s Ravens, 322 Elite Amusement Corporation, 233, 242 Elks Community Theatre, 362, 385, 534 Ella B. Moore Theatre, 514 Ellington, Duke, 230, 244, 251, 314, 344, 531 Ellis, Evelyn, 204, 230, 339, 521 Ellis, Ken, 470 ELT (see Equity Library Theatre) Em-Fuehrer Jones, 311 Emmett, Dan, 94, 99–101 Emmy Awards, 355, 365 Emperor Jones, The (O’Neill), 175, 182, 226–228, 229, 253, 311, 346, 353, 516 Emperor Jones, The (Gruenberg), 182, 203, 517 Emperor of Haiti, 311 Empire Theatre, London, 164 Empire Theatre, Philadelphia, PA, 76 end-men, 94, 115 English, black (see dialect) Ensemble Theatre of Houston, 468, 544 Equity Library Theatre (ELT), 344 Equus, 401 Ernie Martin Theatre, 295 Errol, Leon, 173, 509 Erskin, Chester, 237 Erwin, Goldie, 229 Escape, or, A Leap for Freedom, The, 21, 50–51, 221 Esputa, J., 178 Espy, Walter, 76, 497 Essence of [Old] Virginia (see Virginia Essence) EST (see Ebony Showcase Theatre) ETA Creative Arts Foundation, 474 Eternal Magdaline, The, 205 Ethel Barrymore Theatre, 219, 419 Ethiopia at the Bar of Justice, 89, 261 Ethiopian Art Players, 217 Ethiopian Art Theatre, 514 Ethiopian Youth Workshop, 410 Ethnic Bacchanal, 306 Eubie!, 251, 421 Euell, Julian, 390 Eugene O’Neill Theater Center Playwrights Conference, 269, 285, 288, 291, 297, 300, 454, 455 Europe, James, 155, 249, 309 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Evadne, or, The Statue, 68 Evans, Estelle, 534 Evans, Lillian (Evanti, Lillian), 181 Evans, Louise, 422 Evans, Robert, 176 Evanti (Evans), Lillian, 181 Evening with Dunbar, An, 529 Everett, Ronald McKinley (Maulana Karenga), 391, 392 Every Step I Take, 447 Everybody Join Hands, 337 Everyman, 528 Ewing, Kay, 324, 325–326 Exit, An Illusion, 223 Expansion Arts, 385, 412, 417–418, 430, 437 (see also National Endowment for the Arts) Experience, or How to Give a Northern Man Backbone, 50 Experimental Death Unit #1, 390 F. S. Walcott Carnival Corporation, 130 Faison, George, 379, 452 Fake Friends, 466 Fall of Magdala; or, The Death of King Theodore, The, 65 Fallen Angel and the Devil Concubine, 301 Falls, Gregory A., 463 family dramas, 369–370, 418–420 (see also Raisin in the Sun, A; Amen Corner, The) Family, The, 538 Famous Colored Players, 211 Far Harbour, 280 Far-famed Original Georgias, 114, 115 Farini, A., 178 Fashion, 501 Fast and Furious, 219 Fauset, Jessie Redmond, 216, 226, 239, 247, 249, 253 Faust, 179, 180 Fawcett, John, 27, 32 Fax, Mark, 382 Federal Theatre Company, 288 Federal Theatre Project (FTP), 237, 312, 314, 315–334, 350, 358; Birmingham unit, 331; Chicago unit, 319–326; Harlem unit, 316–319, 348, 518; Los Angeles unit, 329–330; Newark unit, 330–331; scholarship on, 333, 485; Seattle unit, 326 Feibleman, Peter, 378 female impersonators (see cross-dressing) INDEX Feminine Justice, 303 feminist movement, 222, 433; Feminist theatre, 435 Fences, 454 Ferenz, George, 291 Ferrer, José, 338, 347 Ferrer, Mel, 338 FESTAC (Second World Black African Festival of Art and Culture), 387, 414 Festival of Community and Street Theatre, 402 festivals, black arts, 387, 414, 451–453 (see also Black Theatre Festival USA, New York City; National Black Arts Festival, Atlanta, GA; National Black Theatre Festival, Winston-Salem, NC) Fichandler, Zelda, 462 fiddle, 103 Field, Al G., 145 Fields, W. C., 174 Fierce Love: Stories from Black Gay Life, 437 Fifty-Fifth Street Theatre, 397 film, competing with live theatre, 195, 198, 205; mixed with live performance, 231; mixed-race casting in, 532 finances, 356, 397, 406, 430–431; Berkeley Black Repertory, 470; Billie Holiday Theatre, 405; Black Arts/West, 412; Black Theatre Alliance, 270, 406; black theatres in Dallas, 468; Crossroads Theatre, 457, 476, 477, 545; debated at National Black Theatre Summit, 456; Ebony Showcase Theatre, 373; ETA Creative Arts Foundation, 474; Eubie!, 421; Free Southern Theatre, 398, 399; Freedom Theatre, 478; HBCU drama programs, 268; Joseph Papp Public Theater, 442; Oakland Ensemble, 470; Penumbra Theatre, 472, 545; Plowshares Theatre Company, 471; Raisin in the Sun, A, 535; Roundabout Theatre Company, 543; Urban Circuit productions, 466, 467; Wiz, The, 421 Fine Arts Theatre, 138 Finian’s Rainbow, 344, 345 Finley, T. S., 206 Fire, 237 Firehouse Repertory Theatre, 392 Fires in the Mirror, 443 First Breeze of Summer, 475 First One, The, 218 First World Festival of Negro Arts, 387 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Fisher, Rudolph, 317, 520 Fisherman, The, 533 Fisk Jubilee Singers (University Singers, Centennialites), 56, 113, 127, 137, 182, 211, 381, 497 Fitzgerald, Ella, 231, 517 Five Alabama Blind Boys, 383 Five on the Blackhand Side, 419, 479 Flagg, Ann, 381 Flaherty, Stephen, 304 Flanagan, Hallie, 315, 317, 327, 528 Fletcher, Allen, 464 Fletcher, Dusty, 231 Fletcher, Tom, 113, 154, 534 Fletcher, Winona Lee, 267, 270 Florence, 338, 360, 361, 413 Florida Agricultural and Mechanical College, 90, 266 Flowers, Mamie, 144, 196 Fly Blackbird, 270, 345, 380, 402 Flyin’ West, 447 Flying Dutchman, 11, 389 (see also Dutchman) Fog Drifts in the Spring, 294, 298 Folies Bergère, 249 folk plays, 221, 226, 311, 332; at churches, 234, 381; in educational theatre, 261, 262 (see also Chip Woman’s Fortune, The; Heaven Bound; In Abraham’s Bosom; Run, Little Chillun; You Mus’ Be Bo’n Ag’ in) Follies (see Ziegfeld Follies) Folly Theatre, 159 Fontana, Kevin, 466 Fool’s Errand, The, 223, 234 Fool, The, 234 for black boys who have considered homicide when the streets were too much, 427 for colored girls who have considered suicide/when the rainbow is enuf , 400, 425–427, 434 Forbes-Harvey, Leonie, 303 Force Continuum, 449 Ford Foundation, 404; Arena Theatre, Washington, DC, 462; Crossroads Theatre, 474, 476; Freedom Theatre, 478; National Black Theatre Summit, 458; Negro Ensemble Company, 395, 406; New Group Theatre, 464; New Lafayette Theatre, 393, 406 Ford, Benjamin J., 78, 79, 80, 82 Ford, Robert E., 85 Ford-Smith, Honor, 301 Forde, Gladys, 523 Forde, J. Hugo, 363 Foreman, Richard, 445 Forest Theatre, 277 Forrest, Edwin, 36, 478, 495 Forsyne Hubbard, Ida, 131, 155, 190 Fortress of Sorrento, 27 Forty Thieves, The, 36 Forty-First Street Theatre, 280 Forward the Heart, 345 Foster, Frances, 219, 362, 534, 536 Foster, Gloria, 395, 424 Foster, Stephen, 94, 101, 115 Foster, William, 195, 198 Four Harmony Kings, 245 Four Revolutionary Plays, 453 Four Saints in Three Acts, 345, 367, 530 Francisco, Slinger (Mighty Sparrow), 298 Frank Silvera Writers’ Workshop (FSWW), 407–408 Frank, Tom, 539 Franklin, Alice, 80, 81, 83, 86 Franklin Hall, 107–108 Franklin, J. e., 393, 400, 404, 418 Frazier, Clifford, 399 Fred Douglass Leaves for Freedom, 533 Fred Douglass’s Reception, 196 Frederick Douglass Center, Chicago, IL, 191 Frederick Douglass Center, New York City, 400, 537 Frederick Douglass House for Writers, Los Angeles, CA, 537 Frederick Douglass, 533 Free Southern Theatre, 397–399, 534, 536 Free Street Theatre, 418 free-slaves, 18–20 freedmen, 18 Freedmen’s Bureau, 63, 255–256 Freedom the Banner, 337 Freedom Theatre, 457–458, 477–479, 542, 545 Freeman Grand Opera Company, 183 Freeman, Al, 372 Freeman, Brian, 437 Freeman, Carlotta, 184, 203, 512 Freeman, George, 75 Freeman, H. Lawrence, 183–184, 192, 194, 197 Freeman, Morgan, 383, 420, 424 Freeman, Valdo, 183 freemen, 18 (see free-slaves) Freiberg’s Opera House, 90, 179 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Freight, 356 French, Arthur, 219, 424, 536 Friar’s Club, 446 Frohman, Charles and Gustave, 113, 503 Frolic Theatre, 235 From Dover to Dixie, 247 From the Mississippi Delta, 450 FST (see Free Southern Theatre) FSWW (see Frank Silvera Writers’ Workshop) FTP (see Federal Theatre Project) Fucking A, 444, 541 Fugard, Athol, 295, 379, 393, 468, 518 Fugitive Slave Act (1850), 51, 52, 61 Fuller, Charles, 396, 452 Fuller, Meta Vaux Warrick, 422 funding (see finances) Funny Business, 300 Funnyhouse of a Negro, 388, 514, 522 Furlow, Henry, 310 Furman, Roger, 357, 362, 385, 533, 534, 537 Gaiety Theatre, Boston, MA, 73 Gaiety Theatre, Washington, DC, 243 Gaines, Harris B. Jr., 359 Gaines, Reg E., 439 Gaines, Sonny Jim, 219 Gaines-Shelton, Ruth Ada, 223, 225 gangs, depicted in plays, 263, 379, 420 Gangsters over Harlem, 263 Ganja and Hess, 404 Ganze, William (Willis), 128 Garden of Time, 356 Garden Theatre, 213 Garrett, Shelly, 466 Garrick Theatre, 278 Garvey, Amy Ashwood, 278, 279, 523 Garvey, Marcus, 89, 299, 523; depicted in plays, 291, 322, 518 Garza, Michael, 471 Gassner, John, 269, 349, 366 Gates, Henry Louis Jr., 444, 465 gay theatre (see homosexuality in theatre) Gayle, Addison, 428 Gee, Lottie, 245 Geffen Playhouse, 18 Gender Bending, 540 Gene Frankel Theatre, 293 General Education Board, 258, 262 Generation, The, 292 Gentleman Caller, 391 INDEX George Street Playhouse, 475 George Washington Bullion, 209 Georgia in minstrel group names, 110 Georgia, 49, 156 Georgia Champion Minstrels, 98 Georgia Colored Minstrels, 112 Georgia Graduate Students, 131 Georgia Minstrels, 107, 112, 118, 122, 128, 196 Georgia Slave Brothers, 109 Georgia Slave Troupe, 108 Gershwin Theatre, Brooklyn College, 293 Gershwin, George, 252 Gerster, Etelka, 180 Getchell, E. S., 72–73 Getty Institute, 459 Ghetto Arts Program, 402 Ghosts (Ibsen), 534 Ghosts: Live from Galilee (White), 291 Gibson Theatre, 236, 242–243 Gibson, John Trusty, 207, 242–243 Gibson, P[atricia] J[oann], 404 Gilbert, Lou, 319 Gilbert, Mercedes, 370, 541 Gillespie, Arthur, 192 Gilliam, Ted, 410 Gilpin Players, 86, 219, 228, 311, 343, 516, 528 (see also Dumas Players; Karamu House) Gilpin, Charles, 193, 203, 204, 252, 314, 512; in Emperor Jones, 175, 213, 226–228, 516 Gio, the Tyrian Armorer, 83 gioube (dance), 98 Girard Theatre, 159 Girl at the Fort, The, 202 Girlfriends, 435 Girofle Girofla, 179 Gladiator, The, 52, 83 Glanville, Maxwell, 292, 356, 359, 362, 363, 533, 534 Glass Menagerie, The, 410 Gleason, Jackie, 230 Globe Theatre, 514 Glover, Savion, 439, 500 Go Tell It on the Mountain, 292 Goat Alley, 230 God’s Trombones, 309, 382 Godspell, 384 Goin’ a Buffalo, 392 Gold Bug, The, 164 Gold Through the Trees, 361 Goldberg, Whoopi, 446, 467 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Golden Pond (see National Black Theatre Summit) Golden State Theatre, 134 Gomes, Carlos, 178 Gomez, Tommy, 344 Gonzales, Anita, 540 Good Little Bad Girl, The, 233 Goodman Theatre, Chicago, IL, 289, 304, 331, 358, 457, 478 Goodwin Theatre, Hartford, CT, 298 Gordon, Elizabeth, 523 Gordone, Charles, 420 Gorham, Helene, 89 Gorham, Louise, 475 Gorilla, My Love, 433 Gospel at Colonus, The, 383 Gospel Glow, The, 382, 536 gospel plays, 381–384; on Urban Circuit, 466, 467, 468 (see also Black Nativity; Tambourines to Glory) Goss, Margaret, 319 Gossett, Louis Jr., 355, 369, 377, 542 Graduate Theatre Company, 301 Grady, Lottie, 193, 198 Graham Du Bois, Shirley, 321–322, 528 Graham, Martha, 282, 387 Graham, Pearl M., 495 Graham, Shirley, 323, 331 Grambling State University, 268, 502 Grammy Awards, 355, 382 Grand Colored Minstrel Carnival, 124 Grand Creole and Colored Opera Company, 178 Grand Opera House, Indianapolis, IN, 72–73 Grand Opera House, London, 162 Grand Opera House, New York City, 159 Grand Opera House, Seattle, WA, 76 Grand Theatre, 190, 205, 208, 514 Grandel Square Theatre, 473 Granny Maumee, 213 Grant, Micki, 372, 382, 402 Grant, Rupert (Lord Invader), 275, 523 Grant, Ulysses S., depicted in theatre, 143 Grant, William H. III, 423 grants, see finances Gray Panthers, 404 Gray-Zacsck, Olga, 515 Great Cuba Pageant of 1898, The, 200–201 Great Day, 332 Great Getting’ Up Mornin’, 381 Great Goodness of Life (A Coon Show), 391 Great MacDaddy, 538 Great Northern Theatre, 324 Greaves, William, 344, 356, 534 Green Goddess, The, 344 Green Pastures, The, 237, 258, 308–310, 342, 367, 381, 521 Green, Doe Doe, 235 Green, Eddie, 249, 277 Green, J. Ed., 135, 191, 194, 195, 196–198, 506 Green, Paul, 226, 229, 240, 252, 321, 338, 528 Green, Stanley, 350 Greener Pastures, 210 Greenfield, Elizabeth Taylor (Black Swan), 177–178 Greenidge, Gertrude, 404 Greenwich Mews Theatre, 17, 364–366, 379, 402 Gregory, Andre, 410 Gregory, Dick, 387, 388, 517 Gregory, Montgomery, 59, 217 Grezzoli, Hector, 251 Gribble, Henry Wagstaff, 352, 533 Griffin, Charles, 534 Griffith, D. W., 220 Grimké, Angelina Weld, 220, 222 Grocery Store, 360 Groundwork Theatre Company, 301 Group, The (see New Group Theatre) Growing Pains, 370 Growling Tiger, 275 guerrilla theatre, 417 Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner, 355 Guest of Honor, A, 184 Guevara, Ché, depicted in Ché, 290, 389 guilds (see unions) Guillaume, Robert, 228, 379 Guinn, Dorothy C., 261 Gunn, Bill, 366, 369, 393, 404, 537 Gunn, Moses, 272, 395, 536 Gupton, Eric, 437 Gusman Center for the Performing Arts, 300, 302 Gussow, Mel, 429, 462 Guthrie Theater, 324, 457, 472 Guy Mannering, 43 Guy, Rosa, 304 HADLEY Players, 386 Hague Minstrels, 120 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Hague, Samuel, 110, 111, 112 Hairston, William, 366, 379 Hairy Ape, The, 229, 346, 446 Haiti, 488; dance, 368–369; revolution, 14, 16, 25–36, 96; revolution dramatized, 24, 317, 318 (see also Dessalines, Jean-Jacques; Christophe, Henri) Haiti (DuBois), 317 Half-Way Tree Brown, 293 Hall, Adelaide, 245, 246, 248, 282 Hall, Dolores, 382 Hall Johnson Choir, 309, 342, 381 Hall, Juanita, 281, 310, 345, 371 Hall, Tony, 298, 306 Hall, Vivian, 350 Hallam, Lewis, 274, 495 Ham, the Accursed, 85 Hamilton’s Celebrated Colored Quadrille Band, 112 Hamlet, 43, 64, 65, 89, 269, 353 Hamlin, Larry Leon, 452–453 Hammerstein, Oscar, 162, 517 Hammerstein, Oscar II, 342 Hammerstein’s Victoria Theatre of Varieties, 131, 172 Hampton Hotel, 29 Hampton Institute, 257, 260 Hand Is on the Gate, A, 283, 394, 395 Handman, Wynn, 462 Handy, W. C., 118, 119, 120, 184 Hansberry, Lorraine, 271, 369, 376–378, 380, 401, 422 Hapgood, Emilie, 213 happenings, 432 Happy Journey, 409 harassment, of black players by whites, 31, 32, 131; of Robeson for political views, 183 (see also police harassment; violence) Harburg, E. Y., 281, 344 Hare, Julia and Nathan, 427 Harlem, 237–239, 518 Harlem Cavalcade, 532 Harlem Children’s Theatre Company (HCTC), 413 Harlem Community Center for the Arts, 378 Harlem Cultural Center, 297 Harlem Experimental Theatre Group (HET), 226, 533 Harlem Night Birds, 278 Harlem Opera House, 231, 511, 517 Harlem Performance Center, 426 INDEX Harlem Renaissance, 215, 252–254, 485 (see also chapter 7) Harlem School of the Arts, 296 Harlem Showcase Theatre, 362, 363 Harlem Unit, Federal Theatre Project, 316–319 Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited (see HARYOU) Harling, Frank, 182 Harmonie Park Playhouse and Actors Lab, 471 Harmston’s Circus (Harriston’s Circus), 127 Harper Sisters, 75 Harper, Ken, 421 Harper, Leonard, 233, 351 Harriet (1943), 532 Harriet Tubman (Miller, 1935), 17 Harriet’s Return (Meadows, 1998), 17 Harris, Bill, 537 Harris, Henrietta, 393 Harris, Joel Chandler, 102 Harris, Neil, 393 Harris, Vivian, 231 Harrison, Paul Carter, 396 Harrison, Richard B., 228, 235, 236, 258, 269, 308 Harrison, Stafford (Ashani), 294, 301 Harriston’s Circus (Harmston’s Circus), 127 Hart’s Colored Minstrels, 113 Hart, Cynthia, 545 Hart, Moss, 283, 524 Harvey, Georgette, 521 HARYOU (Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited), 384–386, 390 Hasty Heart, The, 532 Hasty Pudding Theatre, 290 Hatch, James V., 23, 270, 380, 490 Hatch–Billops Collection, 441 Hatcher, Emma (Ogarita Honrodez), 84 Hausam, Wiley, 252 Havelin’s Theatre, 196 Haverly minstrel company, 102, 113, 114, 122, 124, 125, 503; brass band, 117, 122; sample contract, 503, 519 Haverly Theatre, 124 Hawkins, George, 468, 544 Hawthorne, Susie (see Butterbeans and Susie) Hay, Samuel A., 269, 459 Hayes, Roland, 181–182, 381 Haymarket Theatre, 22, 35 Haynes, Betty, 532 Haynes, Hilda, 244, 365, 533, 534 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX HBCUs, 256, 269 (see also chapter 8) HCTC (see Harlem Children’s Theatre Company) He Say, She Say, But What Does God Say?, 466, 468 Hearts in Dixie, 329 Heath, Gordon, 339, 533 Heaven, 526 Heaven Bound, 310, 381 heckling (see harassment) Hedgerow, 228–229, 527 Height, Bob, 111, 112 Heiman, Marcus, 341 Hell’s Half Acre, 348 Hello Out There, 409 Hemings, Sally, 12–13 Hemsley, Estelle, 244, 534 Hemsley, Sherman, 402 Henderson Taylor, Vivian, 337 Henderson, L. D. “Slim,” 192 Henderson, Luther, 251 Henderson, Martin, 86 Henri Christophe (Easton, 1912), 88, 89 Henri Christophe (Hammersmith, 1945), 533 Henri Christophe (Walcott, 1950), 284, 288 Henry Lincoln Johnson Elks Lodge, Harlem, 355 Henry Street Settlement House, 295, 339, 400, 426, 450 Henry, John, depicted in theatre, 328, 356, 529 Henry, Lew, 156 Henry, Patrick, 12 Herbert, Victor, 164 Hermann, Alexander, 121–122 Hernandez, Juano, 338 Herndon Jones, Angelo, depicted in plays, 516 Herndon, Adrienne McNeil, 257, 258 Herr Ascher’s Transatlantic Military Band, 143 Hewlett, James, 26, 29, 35, 36–40, 47, 68, 104, 177, 274, 484; Hewlett at Home, 32, 36; imitating other actors, 32, 36, 99; modeling self after Edmund Kean, 29, 56–59, 60; operatic productions, 30, 177 Hewlett, Paul Molyneaux, 64, 66–67 Hey, Hey!, 278 Heyward, Dorothy, 252 Heyward, Du Bose, 252, 266, 314 Heywood, Donald, 276–278 Hicks, Charles “Barney,” 103, 108–112, 114–115, 124, 125–127, 503 Higgins, Billy, 190 Higginson, Vy, 384 Higglers, 302 Highway No. 1, USA, 185 Hildreth, Richard, 495 Hill, Abram, 313, 331, 348–353, 355, 356, 532 Hill, Errol G., 5, 269, 284–285, 289, 459, 524 Hill, Hattie E., 79, 80 Hill, J. Newton, 348 Hill, Ruby, 343 Hill, Viola, 325 Himes, Ron, 473 Hines brothers, 251 Hines, Earl, 244 Hines, Florence, 129, 145 hip-hop, 431–433, 439, 539 Hippodrome Theatre, 181 Hippolyte, Kendel, 306 His Honor the Barber, 129, 166 historical black colleges and universities (see HBCUs) Hits, Bits and Skits, 351 Hittite Empire, 434 Hoch, Danny, 539 Hogan’s African American Minstrels, 504 Hogan, Ernest, 76, 119, 132, 149, 152, 155, 187, 203; biography, 130–132; coon songs, 141, 142; King of Coon Town, 140 Hogan, Louise, 131 Holder, Geoffrey, 281, 306, 368, 379, 380, 423 Holder, Laurence, 220 Holiday, Billie, depicted in theatre, 542 Holland’s Big Minstrel Festival, 129 Holland, Endesha Ida Mae, 450 Holly, Ellen, 284, 395, 424 Holmes, Buddy, 532 Holmes, Shirlen, 438 Holt, Stella, 364, 402 Home, 306, 405 Home is the Hunter, 344, 356 Home of the Brave, 532 Home, John, 27 Homecoming, 415, 453 Homer G. and the Rhapsodies in the Fall of Detroit, 438 homophobia, 359, 390, 437, 438 homosexuality in theatre, 233, 372, 436–438 Honeymoon, The, 77 Honrodez, Ogarita (Emma Hatcher), 84 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Hoo-doo Magician (Carl Dante), 121, 504 Hoofers’ Club, 371 Hooks, Robert, 395 Hopkins, Arthur, 314 Hopkins, Harry, 329 Hopkins, Linda, 251 Hopkins, Pauline, 73 Horne, Lena, 230, 244, 281, 282, 342, 343, 368 hornpipe dances, 35, 36 Horticultural Hall, 178 Horton, Lanie, 229 Hoskins, Sheldon B., 363, 534 Hospice, 541 Hot Chocolates, 248–249, 251 Hot Mikado, The, 325–326, 386 Hot Time in Dixie, A, 118 Hotel Cristobel, 526 Hotel Theresa, 371 “Hottest Coon in Dixie,” 141 Houdini, Wilmoth, 275 House Arrest, 444 House of Connelly, The, 314 House of Flowers, 281, 368, 524 House Un-American Activities Committee, 333, 360 (see also McCarthyism) Houseman, John, 314, 316, 317, 338, 518 Houston Grand Opera, 184 How Come?, 245 How Do You Do, 389, 392 How Shall I Go Up to My Father?, 258 How Stella Got Her Groove Back (film), 467 Howard Players, 217, 218, 258, 266, 329, 341 (see also Howard University) Howard Theatre, Boston, MA, 92 Howard Theatre, Washington, DC, 205, 207, 243–244, 517, 519 Howard University, 218, 257, 260, 266, 269, 329, 341, 382, 390, 415, 419 (see also Howard Players) Howard, Bruce, 341 Howell, William Dean, 261 Hubbard, Ida Forsyne (see Forsyne Hubbard, Ida) Hudgins, Billy, 249 Hudgins, Johnny, 231, 248 Hudson Theatre, 235 Hudson, Fred, 400 Huey Newton, 470 Huey, Richard, 229 Hughes, Attrus, 120 INDEX Hughes, Langston, 185, 215, 233, 307, 309, 349, 358, 533; biography, 310–314; and Carl Van Vechten, 520; collaboration with Zora Neale Hurston, 219; gospel musicals, 382; at Karamu House, 228; poems, 319, 370; political theatre, 357–359; satirical skits, 526 Humpty Dumpty, 160 Hunn, Ben, 156–157 Hunter, Alberta, 247, 531 Hunter, Eddie, 202 Hunter, Mary, 279 Hurston, Zora Neale, 218–220, 237, 513, 514; depicted in theatre, 542 Hurtig and Seaman’s Music Hall, 194 Husband, The, 194 Hyatt, Charles, 303 Hyers (S. B.) Comedy Company, 75 Hyers Sisters (Anna Madah and Emma Louise), 68, 75, 76, 122, 125, 152, 180, 211; biography, 70–77 Hyers, May (Mary C. Reynolds), 75 Hyers, Samuel B., 70, 75 Hyman, Earle, 283, 353–354, 368, 424, 462, 532; in Shakespeare, 371, 424 Hymn to the Rising Sun, 321, 528 Hypolytus, 345 I Am a Man, 471 I Don’t Want to Bathe, 526 I Gotta Home, 322 I, Marcus Garvey (and the Captivity of Babylon), 291 IATSE (see International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees) Icarus Looking Back, 434 ICCC (see Inner City Cultural Center) Iceman Cometh, The, 345, 532 Idle Head, The, 517 Ifatui, Songodina, 474 Igwu, Catherine, 431 Il Guarany, 178, 179 Il Trovatore, 178, 179 Iman, Yusef, 391 Imitations of Life, 526 Imperial Theatre, 282 Importance of Being Earnest, The, 460 In Abraham’s Bosom, 229, 236, 314, 327, 332, 527 In Dahomey, 76, 104–105, 155, 168–169, 202, 236, 349, 502 In New England Winter, 392 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX In Sorrow’s Room, 537 In Splendid Error, 17, 365 In the Blood, 444, 541 In the Jungles, 150 In the Wine Time, 392 In White America, 397 In Zululand, 155, 193 Inca empire, dramatization of overthrow, 5 Infants of Spring, 237 Ingomar, the Barbarian, 82, 84, 87 Ingram, Milroy, 373 Ingram, Rex, 277, 342, 343, 368, 532 Inner City Cultural Center (ICCC), 410–411, 423, 431, 440, 461 Innocents, The, 280 Institutional Radio Choir of Brooklyn, 383 Institute on the Arts and Civic Dialogue, 444, 541 integration, 243, 268, 336, 338, 359, 360, 397 (see also casting, mixed-race; audiences, mixed) Integration Showcase 1959, 268 International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE), 423 International Stage Handlers and Theatrical Employees Union, 207 International Theatre, 279 interracial casting (see casting, mixed-race) interracial romance, 378 Ion (Euripides), 69 Ione (Walcott), 288 Ira Aldridge Theatre, 416 Ira Aldridge Troupe, 107–108 Irish, 438; audiences at black minstrel shows, 108; influence on art theatre movement among Blacks in US, 216; influence on minstrelsy, 93–94, 101, 103, 122 IRT Loft Theatre, 298 Irvine, Weldon, 405 Irwin, May, 142, 505 Is She a Lady in the Underworld?, 139 Isham, John W., 76, 146 (see also Octoroons, The) Isham, Will, 147 Island, The, 379 It’s Midnight Over Newark, 331 Ito, Genji, 291 J. D. Steels Singers, 383 Jack, Sam T., 91, 92, 133, 146, 156 Jackson, Angela, 426 Jackson, C. Bernard, 270, 380, 410–411, 423, 431, 461 Jackson, James A., 206, 207, 240, 241, 350 Jackson, Joe, 327 Jackson, Josephine, 382 Jackson, Leonard, 219 Jackson, Marsha A., 452 Jackson, Samuel, 405, 542 Jackson, Will, 528 Jahn, Jahnheiz, 387 Jamaica, 281–282, 368, 423 James Weldon Johnson Theatre Arts Center, 413 James, C. L. R., 24–36 James, Ethel, 192 James, Florence, 327 James, Burton, 327 Japanese Tommy (Thomas Dilward), 112, 120 Jar the Floor, 450 Jarboro, Caterina (Catherine Yarborough), 181, 245, 337 Jarmulowsky, Meyer, 204 Jarrett and Palmer’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin Company, 103 jaw bone (musical instrument), 500 Jazz Acting Technique, 401 jazz aesthetic, 448 Jean and Dinah, 298, 306 Jeannette, Gertrude, 343, 363, 385, 532, 536 Jeb, 354, 532 Jefferson, Margo, 458 Jefferson, Miles, 279, 280, 281, 366, 367, 534 Jefferson, Thomas, 12–13 Jeffersons, The, 266 Jelliffe, Rowena and Russell, 226, 311 Jelly’s Last Jam, 442, 540 Jenkins, Wesley, 159, 161 Jeremiah the Magnificent, 518 Jerico-Jim Crow, 366, 382 Jessye, Eva, 336 Jesus Christ Superstar, 384 Jett, Ruth, 360, 362, 533 jig (dance), 93, 94, 98 jigaboo, 98 Jim Crow, 96–97, 99 Jim Dandy, 99, 104–105, 164 Jitney, 455, 472, 476, 543, 545 Job Hunters, 307 Joe Turner’s Come and Gone, 456 John Street Theatre, 495 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information John, Errol, 284 John, Ronald, 295 Johnny Belinda, 352 Johnson Choir, 309, 342, 381 Johnson, Billy, 149–150, 156–158, 507 Johnson, Charles, 92, 211 Johnson, Charles S. (ed. Opportunity), 218 Johnson, Georgia Douglas, 221, 514, 533 Johnson, Gus, 414 Johnson, Hall, 182, 308, 309 (see also Hall Johnson Choir) Johnson, Jack, 230 Johnson, James P., 312, 351, 358 Johnson, James Weldon, 158, 186, 187, 216, 253, 309, 507; collaboration with R. Johnson and Cole, 158, 160 Johnson, John Rosamond, 23, 128, 132, 162, 187; as a performer, 146, 159, 160, 162, 527; collaboration with J. W. Johnson and Cole, 128, 158–162 Johnson, Lew, 109, 111, 115–117 (see also Lew Johnson minstrel company) Johnson, Momadu, 317 Jokers, 300 Jolson, Al, 235 Jomandi Theatre, 452, 542 Jonah and the Wonder Dog, 272 Jonah man, 164, 175 Jones, Angelo Herndon, depicted in plays, 516 Jones, Bill T., 434 Jones, Billie, 239 Jones, Christina, 540 Jones, David P., 148, 506 Jones, Duane, 404 Jones, George, 111 Jones, Gwen (Aduke Aremu), 413 Jones, James Earl, 284, 395, 424, 454, 542 Jones, LeRoi (see Baraka, Amiri) Jones, Lula Byrd, 310 Jones, Margo, 339 Jones, Martin, 313 Jones, Matilda S. (see Jones, Sissieretta) Jones, Oliver, 7 Jones, Rhett, 415 Jones, Rhodessa, 433–434 Jones, Robert Earl, 219, 338, 533 Jones, Sissieretta (Black Patti, Matilda Joyner, Matilda S. Jones), 118, 121–122, 128, 147–150, 180, 381, 506 Jones, Tisch, 493, 494, 515 INDEX jook joints, 240, 519 Joplin, Scott, 119, 184 Jordan, Joe, 155, 191, 192, 194, 197, 511 Joseph Papp Public Theater, 285, 291, 389, 426, 437, 444; George C. Wolfe, 411, 441, 442, 462 (see also Papp, Joseph; Wolfe, George C.) Josie’s Cabaret and Juice Joint, 438 Jourdan, William Rapp, 237, 239, 518 Jourmand, or, A Comedy Until the Last Minute, 288 Journey Through Babylon, 294 Journey, The, 296 Joy Exceeding Glory, 527 Joy to My Soul, 311 Joyner, Matilda (see Jones, Sissieretta) Juba (see Lane, William Henry) juba dancing, 98 Jubilee Minstrels (Callender’s), 113 Jubilee Players, 544 jubilee singers, 55, 56, 78, 113–114 jubilee songs, 211, 498 jubilees, 91 Judson Poets’ Theater, 285, 288 Julius Caesar, 27, 36, 89, 258, 424 Junebug Productions, 399 Just a Little Simple, 360 Just Us Theatre, 541, 542 Just, Ernest, 258 Justice, 344 Kandel, Karen, 463 Karamu Theatre, 226, 228, 311, 322, 343, 381, 516 (see also Dumas Players; Gilpin Players) Karenga, Maulana (Ronald McKinley Everett), 391, 392 Karson, Nat, 317, 325, 529 Kaufman, George S., 524 Kazan, Elia, 339, 347 Kean, Charles, 44 Kean, Edmund, 26, 29, 31, 38, 41, 44, 464 Keith circuit, 230, 231, 241 Keith’s Fifth Avenue Theatre, 162 Kelley, Bob A., 196 Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, 271, 272, 382, 447, 545 Kennedy, Adrienne, 388–389, 434, 438, 461, 514, 515, 522 Kentucky Jubilee Singers, 113 Kersands’ Colored Minstrels, 125 Kersands, Billy, 73, 99, 112, 117, 124–125, 147 Khan, Otto, 236 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Khan, Ricardo, 450, 475, 476, 477, 539, 545 Kicks and Company, 380 Kid Millions, 520 King and Bush Wide-Mouth Minstrels, 208 King and I, The, 345 King Hedley II , 456 King Laughmakers, 112 King Lear, 43, 395, 424 King of Coon Town, 140 King Rastus, 147 King, Billy, 189, 208, 527 King, Christina, 540 King, Martin Luther Jr., 244, 381 King, Wallace, 70, 122, 128 King, Woodie Jr., 391, 393, 399–400, 407, 418, 421, 426, 466 Kirkpatrick, Sidney, 514 Kirnon’s Kingdom, 526 Kismet, 306 Kiss in the Dark, A, 78 Kitt, Eartha, 279, 352, 369, 380 Klaw and Erlanger, 157, 158, 160 Knight, Ginger, 302 Knowles, Sheridan, 69–70 Koster and Bial’s Music Hall, 164 Koster, John, 508 Krayton (Kraton), Harry, 120 KRIGWA (Crisis Guild of Writers and Artists) Players Little Negro Theatre, 222–223, 226, 515 Krone, Gerald, 395 Kuntu Repertory Theatre, 415, 453, 469 Kuumba Community Theatre (Kuumba Workshop), 413 Kykundor, 317 L’Africaine, 148, 180, 181 L’Africaine Dramatic Association, 77 L. M. Bayless Dramatic Company, 115 La Chapelle, Carol, 289 La Divina Pastora, 523 La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club, 285, 291, 299, 434, 461 La Traviata, 181 Lace Petticoat, The, 370 LaChiusa, Michael John, 251 Ladue, John S., 78, 81, 86 Lady Day, A Musical Tragedy, 542 Lady of Lyons, The, 64, 78, 83, 89 Lafayette Players, 233, 236, 237, 242–243, 244, 329, 519; dissolution, 205, 514; ex-members join Ethiopian Art Players, 217, 514; history, 204–206 (see also Anita Bush Stock Company; Lafayette Theatre) Lafayette Theatre, compared with Pekin Theatre, Chicago, 205–206; history, 204, 207, 242; productions, 155, 183, 190, 203, 204, 205, 228, 276, 278, 518 Lakmé, 181 Lamb, Arthur Clifton, 523, 527 Lament for Rastafari, 291 Lancaster, Pope (Pope L), 433 Land Beyond the River, A, 366 Land of Cotton and Other Plays, 263 Land of Opportunity, 258 Lane, William Henry ( Juba), 98–99 Langston (Colored) Amateur Association, 68 Langston Dramatic Company, 69 Langston Hughes Theatre, 537 Langston, Tony, 239 languages, African, 7, 21, 398, 501 Larkins, Jolly John, 150 LaRue, A. K., 148 Lascelles, Kendrew, 301 Last Night on Earth, 434 Last Poets, The, 387, 536, 539 Last Street Play, The (later The Mighty Gents), 420 Late Christopher Bean, The, 533 Lateef, (Sister) Lubaba, 405 Latimer, Armithine, 229 Laundromat, 466 Laveau, Albert, 289 Lavere, Marie, 79 Lawes, Carol, 301 Lawrence, Jacob (painter), 360 Lawson, Christyne, 282 Lawson, John Howard, 278 League of New York Theatres, 374 League of Resident Theatres (LORT), 456, 457, 470, 476, 478 Leaks, Sylvester, 533 Lear, 463 LeBlanc, Whitney, 228 LeCompte, Elizabeth, 445 Lederer, George, 164, 199 Lee Strasberg Creative Center, 296 Lee, Bob, 246 Lee, Canada, 317, 324, 338, 339, 345, 527, 531, 532 Lee, Easton, 296 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Lee, Eugene, 7, 471 Lee, Leslie, 475, 476 Lee, Letitia, 199 Lee, Spike, 446, 458, 519, 542 (see Bamboozled) Legend of Lily Overstreet, The, 433 LeMaire, George, 175 LeNoire, Rosetta, 366, 386, 534 Lenox Casino, 139, 199–211 Leon, Kenny, 447, 542 Les Blancs, 377 Les Femmes Noires, 291 lesbian theatre (see homosexuality in theatre) Leslie, Lew, 240, 247, 248, 277 Leslie, Marcia L., 451 Leslie, Robert E., 477 LeTang, Henry, 251 Levee Land, 184 Levy, Murray, 398 Levy, Robert, 204, 205, 242 Lew Johnson minstrel company, 109, 112, 116, 132 Lewis Hallam’s Company of Comedians, 274 Lewis, Barbara, 421, 424 Lewis, Henry, 138 Lewis, J. (of Belroy Ethiopian Troupe), 109 Lewis, Jerry, 231 Lewis, Joan, 270 Lewis, Robert, 281, 283 Lewis, Theophilus, 207, 225, 236, 238, 240–241, 246, 247, 513, 519 Lexington Avenue Opera House, 81 Leyba, Claire, 350, 533 Liberated Woman, A, 299 Liberation of Mother Goose, The, 413 Liberty Deferred (documentary, formerly One Tenth of a Nation), 331, 532 Licensing Act (see Theatre Licensing Act of 1737) Life Agony, 399 Life and Times of J. Walter Smintheus, The, 291 Life of Stephen Foster, The, 331 Life Situations, 436 Life We Live, The, 359 Lifeboat (film), 345 Light in the Southern Sky (television play), 345 Lightfoot, Benjamin, 80 lighting, 423, 538 Limon, Jose, 279 Lincoln Center, New York City, 219, 392, 406, 437, 457 INDEX Lincoln Center Neighborhood Theatre, New York City, 295 Lincoln Center settlement house, Chicago, IL, 319 Lincoln Memorial, 185 Lincoln Theatre, Los Angeles, CA, 205, 514 Lincoln Theatre, Norfolk, VA, 514 Lincoln Theatre, New York City, 129, 234, 236, 349 Lincoln University, 256, 266–267 Lincoln, Abraham, 61, 62; depicted in Black America, 143 Lindsay, Powell, 244, 324, 349 Lipstick, 435 literacy, Blacks ridiculed on stage, 104, 501; legalized after Civil War, 63, 255; of performers, 125, 131; statistics for Blacks, 214, 498, 522; withheld from slaves, 16, 23 Literary and Dramatic Club of Cincinnati, 83 Little Black Sambo, 331 Little Mountain Fairies, 83 Little Stone House, The, 226 Little Theatre Movement, 223, 234, 240, 305, 515; amateur groups, 225; effect on educational theatre, 261; history, 216; as political forum, 311, 348; theatre profiles, 225–230, 357–359; women, 222–226 (see community theatres; KRIGWA) Little, Dick, 111 Little, Vernell A., 415 Livin’ Fat, 419 Living Newspaper plays, 326, 331 Livingston College, 256 Lizette, 84 Locke, Alain LeRoy, 217–218, 236; in little theatre movement, 216; on folk plays, 261; on The Green Pastures, 309; on the purpose of theatre, 217, 220; on Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 59 Lockett, Andrea, 13 Lofton, Lee, 13 Logan, Johnny, 309 Lomax, Michael, 452 Long Day’s Journey into Night, 353, 403 Long Dream, The, 378, 536 Long Way from Home, A, 356 Long, Avon, 138, 230, 251, 278, 279, 421, 534 Longacre Theatre, 283, 353, 377 Lord Beginner (Egbert Moore), 275 Lord Invader (Rupert Grant), 275, 523 Lorraine Hansberry Playwriting Award, 271 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Lorraine Hansberry Theater, 433, 438, 447, 469, 470, 481 LORT (see League of Resident Theatres) Los Angeles Actors Theatre, 293 Los Angeles Black Repertory Company, 427 Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award, 410 Los Angeles Federal Theatre Project, 329–330 Los Angeles Theatre, 71, 117 Lost in the Stars, 343, 363, 372, 402, 536 Louis Theatre, 413 Louisiana Colored Troupe, 78 Louisiana Purchase, 371 Love Lies, 297 Lovell, John Jr., 523 Lubaba (Lateef ), Sister, 405 Luca, John, 70 Lucas, Carrie, 145 Lucas, Robert, 533 Lucas, Sam, 91, 112, 113, 125, 141, 145, 159, 161; in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 56, 73; with Hyers Sisters, 71, 73, 77 Lucky Coon, A, 165 Lucky Sam from Alabam’, 150, 274 Lunceford, Jimmy, 244 Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, 384 Lusitanian Bogey, The, 396 Lyceum Theatre, Cleveland, OH, 76 Lyceum Theatre, London, 45 Lyceum Theatre, Minneapolis, MN, 200 Lyle, Willie, 73 Lyles, Aubrey, 194, 198, 203, 244, 246, 511, 519 lynching, 186–188, 200; plays about, 220, 221–222, 223, 541; statistics, 1882–1927, 221 Lyon, Carr, 102 Lyric Hall, 79, 80, 83, 310 Lysistrata, 328, 345, 530, 532 M. B. Curtis’ Afro-American Minstrels, 76, 131 Ma Lou’s Daughters, 404 Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom, 269, 415, 453 Mabley, Moms (Loreta Mary Aiken), 129, 387, 388 Mabou Mines, 433, 463 MacAndrew, Wordsworth, 295 Macbeth, 27, 43, 48–49, 64, 65, 69–70, 81, 86, 258, 332, 460, 462; Harlem FTP “Voodoo” version, 317, 386, 518, 528 Macbeth, Robert, 385, 393 MacDermot, Galt, 289 Mack, Bob, 124 Mack, Cecil, 319 MacRae, Charles, 534 Madame Sapphirra, 503 Maddox, Gladys D., 523 Madero, Rita, 295 Madison Square Garden, 148, 154, 531 Madison Street Theatre, 89 magicians, black, 503, 531 (see Dante, Carl) Maguire’s Opera House, 69, 70 Maguire, Thomas, 70 Mahal, Taj (musician), 219 Mahara’s Minstrels, 118, 119–120 Mahara, Jack, 119 Mahara, William, 120 Mahone, Sydné, 476 Majestic Theatre, New York City, 161, 162, 169, 171, 374, 379 Majestic Theatre, Washington, DC, 159 makeup for black performers, 265–266, 422, 538 (see blackface; whiteface) Malcochon, or, The Six in the Rain, 285, 288 Malcolm X (see X, Malcolm) Malcolm X (play by Wilson), 545 male impersonators (see cross-dressing) Mallory Brothers, 92, 147 Malone, Mike, 417 Mama Stringbean (see Waters, Ethel) Mama, I Want to Sing, 384 Mamba’s Daughters, 208, 266, 319, 329, 341, 422 Mamoulian, Rouben, 343 Man Better Man, 285, 524 Man from ’Bam, The, 192, 511 Man from Baltimore, The, 203 Man Who Died, The, 332 managers, white (of black companies), 110, 111, 157, 206–207, 246, 316, 507 Mandela, Winnie, depicted in Every Step I Take, 447 Manigault, Kenneth, 350 Mann, Emily, 475 Manning, Sam, 275, 278–279 Marble, Scott, 75 March, Joseph Moncure, 252 Marchant, Claude, 279 marching bands, 117, 502 (see brass bands, drill teams) Marcus in the High Grass, 366 Marcus, a Story of the South, 139 Margo Jones Theatre, 468 Maria, 220 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Marie Laveau, 289 Marigny Theatre, 47, 493 Marilyn, 305 Marini’s Hall, Washington, DC, 87 Marion, George Jr., 280 Mark Taper Forum, 288, 289, 443, 457, 465 Markham, Dewey “Pigmeat,” 130, 231, 337, 445 Marquis Theatre, 290 Married for Money, 86 Marriott, Frank, 228 Marriott, John, 345 Marriott, Louis, 300 Mars, Louise (Louise A. Smith), 83 Marshall, Matt, 198 Marshall, William, 17, 343, 344, 365, 371 Marshall, Wyzeman, 66 Martell, Henry, 135 Martin Beck Theatre, 283, 343 Martin, Belle, 80 Martin, Dean, 231 Martin, Helen, 527, 533 Martin, Sharon S., 536 Martyr, The, 183 Martyre du Coeur, Le, 49 Mason, Clifford, 293 Mason, Evelyn, 235 Mason, Judi Ann, 272, 419 Mason, Keith Antar, 427, 434 Masquerade, 295 Master Builder, The, 353 Master Harold . . . and the Boys, 379 Matchmaker, The, 379 Matheus, John, 222, 514 Mathews, Charles, 86, 499 Mathieu, E. V., 47 Matthews, Inez, 343 Matthews, Roger, 245 Matura, Mustapha, 303–304, 305 Maxine Elliott Theatre, 330 Mayan Theatre, 330 Maybe Someday, 533 Mayfair Theatre, 282 Mayfield, Julian, 343, 362, 534 Maynor, Dorothy, 337 Mayor of Dixie, The, 193, 244 McAdoo minstrel company, 128 McAdoo, Orpheus Myron, 127–128, 132 McBride, William, 319 McCabe and Young’s Minstrels, 118–119, 120, 154 INDEX McCarthyism, 333, 347–348, 359, 360, 364, 376; James, Florence and Burton, 329; Lee, Canada, 346; Robeson, Paul, 348 McCauley, Robbie, 434, 472, 540 McClain, Billy, 92, 130, 131, 132–134, 135, 136, 144, 145, 152 McClain, Cordelia, 92, 132, 135, 144 McClendon, George, 278 McClendon, Rose, 213, 228, 229, 236, 252, 313–314, 316, 521; depicted by Vinie Burrows, 449 McClintock, Ernie, 401, 406 McCoo, Edward J., 89, 261 McCormack, John, 122 McCoy, Carol, 225 McCree Theatre, 430 McCullough, John, 81 McDaniels, Hattie, 358 McDonald, Wayne, 297 McGhee-Anderson, Kathleen, 450 McGhie, Grace, 303 McIntosh, Hattie, 92, 118, 149, 508 McIntosh, Tom, 92, 112, 118, 128, 149 McIntyre, Diane, 219 McIver, Raphael, 260 McKayle, Donald, 360, 374, 378 McKinley Square Players, 534 McKinley, William, 188 McKinney, Nina Mae, 371 McMillan, Terry, 467 McNeil, Claudia, 364, 377 McQueen, Butterfly, 342 McVey, Sam, 132 Meadow Brook Theatre, 471 Meadows, Karen Jones, 17 Medal for Willie, A, 345, 362 Medea Project, 433–434 Meek Mose, 236–237, 316 (see also Brother Mose) Meet Miss Jones, 356 Meetings, 304 Member of the Wedding, The, 208, 345 membership-based theatres (see subscriptions) Memphis Bound, 532 Memphis Students Company, 131, 155 Men to the Sea, 345 Mencken, H. L., 252 Mercer, Johnny, 343 Merchant of Venice, 43, 64, 65, 257 Mercury Theatre, 338 Mermaid Wakes, The, 305 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Merrick, David, 379, 423 Merrick, Walter, 275 Merritt, Theresa, 454 Message from Aloes, 468 Messel, Oliver, 524 Messiah, 180 meter, multiple, in African music, 490 Metro Theatre, Los Angeles, CA, 372 Metropolitan Opera Company, 148, 185, 360, 517 Metropolitan Opera House, St. Paul, MN, 200 Metropolitan Theatre, Sacramento, CA, 70 Metropolitan Theatre, San Francisco, CA, 69 Meyerowitz, Jan, 313 Michael Erle, the Maniac Lover, 68–70 Middle Passage, 7; dramatized, 7, 390 Midnight Hour, The, 537 Midsummer Night’s Dream, A, 103, 410 Mighty Gents, The, 420 Mighty Sparrow (Slinger Francisco), 298 migrants, black, 222, 226, 231, 240, 513 Mikado (see Swing Mikado, The) Milestones of the Race, The, 201, 261 militant theatre, 225, 268, 377, 380, 387, 389–394, 421 military productions, 114, 336–337, 502 Miller, Flournoy E., 194, 198, 203, 244, 246, 511, 519 Miller, Gerald, 181 Miller, Henry (director), 253 Miller, May, 17, 222, 261, 514 Mills, Florence, 230, 245, 247–248, 366 Mills, Jerry, 136 Mills, Stephanie, 379 Milner, Ronald, 391, 393, 400, 414, 418, 537; Concept East Theatre, 399, 537; Who’s Got His Own, 393, 418, 518 Mind of Danielle Edwards, The, 283 Mine Eyes Have Seen, 188–189 Minstrel Show (R. G. Davis, 1968), 412 Minstrel Show or The Lynching of William Brown (Sparber, 1999), 541 Minstrel Show, The (Byrd, 1991), 436 minstrelsy, 67, 101, 107, 117, 134; authenticity, claims of, 21, 99–101, 102–103, 107; blackface, 91, 92, 96–97, 274; cross-dressing, 105–107; dialect, 104, 108, 112, 501; format of shows, 91, 94–95; in the 1990s, 445–447; Irish influence on, 93–94, 101; life on tour, 118–119, 125; musical instruments, 101–103; revived in Shuffle Along, 245; scholarship, 484; white and black troupes compared, 110, 123; women in, 95, 105–107 (see blackface) Minturn, Harry, 323, 324, 325 miscegenation, 222, 313, 318, 526 Misery in Bohemia, 139 Mitchell Cook, Abbie, 131, 155, 161, 190, 193, 204, 229, 244, 260, 339, 508, 531, 534 Mitchell, Edward R., 341 Mitchell, Gloria, 407 Mitchell, Lionel, 425 Mitchell, Loften, 270, 282, 362, 366, 382, 527 Mittelholzer, Edgar, 283–284 Mixed Blood Theatre Company, 462 mixed-race casting (see casting, mixed-race) mobile theatre, 417 Mocking Bird Minstrels, 107 Mojo and the Sayso, The, 448 Molette, Barbara, 414, 523, 538 Molette, Carlton, 272, 414, 523, 538 Molineaux, Eloise, 80 Molyneaux (Hewlett), Paul, 64, 66–67 Momma’s Baby, 297 Moms, 388 Monagas, Lionel, 235, 324, 532 Monrose, Cyril, 275 Monster, 414 Montalban, Ricardo, 281 Montgomery, Ed (musician), 540 Montgomery, Reggie (actor), 219, 442 Montgomery, Richard (stage designer), 289 Monumental Theatre Guild and Adam and Eve Production Company, 515 Moon on a Rainbow Shawl, 284, 296 Moon, Marjorie, 401, 405 Moore, Alice Ruth, 450 Moore, Juanita, 372 Moore, Timo, 231, 248 Morehouse College, 184, 259 Morehouse-Spelman Players, 285 Moreland, Mantan, 231, 342, 368 Morell, Peter, 339 Mores, J. Francis, 193, 195, 197, 198 Morgan College, 262 Morgan Smith, Samuel, 64–66 Morganstern, C. W., 204 Morning Noon and Night, 270, 419 Morris, Eileen J., 468, 469, 543 Morris, William, 75 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Morrison, M. Wood, 332 Morton, “Jelly Roll,” depicted in Jelly’s Last Jam, 442, 540 Moses, Gilbert, 272, 392, 398, 537; directed Ain’t Supposed to Die a Natural Death (1971), 398, 412, 420; directed Slave Ship (1969), 7, 8, 398; Free Southern Theatre, 397, 536 Moss, Carlton, 317 Moss, Paula, 426 Moten, Etta, 532 Mother Project, The, 476 Motion of History, The, 391 Motley, Genevieve, 180 Motts, Robert T., 128, 191, 194–195, 197, 198 movies, see film Moxley, R. J., 192 Mozart Hall, 68 Mr. Church, 225 Mr. Johnson, 283, 368 Mr. Lode of Koal, 202 Mr. Wonderful, 368 Mrs. Patterson, 369 MTV (Music Television), 432, 467 Muffet Inna All a We, 301, 525 mulatto, history of the term, 526 Mulatto (play by Hughes), 228, 313–314, 469, 527 Mule Bone, 219 multiethnic casting (see casting, mixed-race) multiple meter in African music, 490 multiracial casting (see casting, mixed-race) Mummer’s Play, The, 291 Muntu (book by Jahn), 387 Murdoch, James, 64 Murray, David, 435 Murray, J., 42 Murray, Slade, 127 Murray, William, 244 Muse, Clarence, 204, 329–330, 358, 518 music, African, 23, 101, 322, 490, 500 music, religious (see spirituals) music, syncopated, 131 (see also ragtime), 131 musical instruments in minstrelsy, 101–103 musical theatre, 244; all-black casts (1940s–1950s), 342, 367 (see also gospel plays; minstrelsy; chapters 4 and 5) My Children! My Africa!, 295 My Darlin’ Aida, 367 My Friend from Georgia, 132, 155, 193 My Friend from Kentucky, 242 INDEX My Love, My Love (novel by Guy, source of Once on This Land), 304 My One Good Nerve, 354 My Sister, My Sister, 421 Myers, Paulene, 219, 344, 370, 534, 541 NAACP (see National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) Nada (Zuliki), 183 NADSA (see National Association of Dramatic and Speech Arts) NAG (see Negro Actors Guild) Nails and Thorns, 222 Nairne, Trevor, 302 Nana Yah, 301 Nashville Students, 73, 497 Nat Turner, 263 Nathan, George Jean, 238 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 134, 187, 218, 220, 231, 427, 436 National Association of Dramatic and Speech Arts (NADSA), 267, 268, 270, 271, 538 National Black Arts Festival, Atlanta, GA, 436, 448, 451–452, 459, 467 National Black Political Convention (NBPC), 427 National Black Theatre (NBT), 479 National Black Theatre Festival, Winston-Salem, NC, 300, 434, 437, 452–453, 538, 542, 543 National Black Theatre Summit, 456, 467, 468 National Black Touring Circuit (NBTC), 407 National Center of Afro-American Artists, 416 National Colored Players, 225 National Conference on African American Theatre, 538 National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), 375–376, 408, 410, 415, 417, 461, 545; Expansion Arts, 385, 412, 417–418, 430, 437 National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), 375–376 National Little Theatre Tournament, 223 National Negro Opera Company, 181 National Negro Opera Foundation, 533 National Theatre Trust, 299 National Theatre, Albany, NY, 69 National Theatre, New York City, 53 National Vaudeville Artists Association (NVA), 206 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Native Americans, 4–5, 15; depicted in Il Guarany, 178 (see Black Caribs) Native Son (play), 338, 370, 377 Natural Born Gambler, A (film), 171 Natural Man, 328, 356 NBAF (see National Black Arts Festival, Atlanta, GA) NBT (see National Black Theatre) NBTC (see National Black Touring Circuit) NBTF (see National Black Theatre Festival, Winston-Salem, NC) NCBRC (see North Carolina Black Repertory Company) NEA (see National Endowment for the Arts) Neal, Larry, 393, 421, 428 NEC (see Negro Ensemble Company) Negro Actors Guild (NAG), 315, 342, 422 Negro American Ballet, 514 Negro Arts Players (see Elks Community Theatre) Negro Ensemble Company (NEC), 285, 431, 542; company members, 423, 536; compared with ANT, 350; compared with Crossroads, 474; history, 395–397; name criticized during the 1960s, 396; produced few plays by women, 396; productions, 285, 289, 292, 293, 297, 298, 300, 365, 418, 450, 452, 541 Negro History in Thirteen Plays (anthology), 261 Negro Intercollegiate Dramatic Association (NIDA), 262–263, 268, 416 Negro People’s Theatre (NPT), 319, 326, 359 Negro Players (Famous Colored Players, Pioneer Negro Amusement Company), 211 Negro Playwrights Company (NPC), 324, 348, 349 Negro Repertory Company (NRC), 327 Negro Theater Spotlight, 363 Negro, The, 88, 140 NEH (see National Endowment for the Humanities) Neighborhood Players, Atlantic City, NJ, 515 Neighborhood Playhouse, New York City, 220 Nemiroff, Robert, 271, 377–378, 380 Nesmith, Eugene, 458 Network of Cultural Centers of Color (NCCC), 461 Never Lost a Passenger, the Story of Harriet Tubman, 473 Never No More, 314 Nevis Mountain Dew, 292 New African Company, 414 New Burbank Theatre, 135 New Federal Theatre (NFT), 423, 431; history, 400; productions, 220, 291, 293, 297, 317 New Group Theatre (The Group), 436, 463–464 New Heritage Repertory Theatre, 385, 537 New Jersey State Council on the Arts, 476, 477, 545 New Lafayette Theatre (NLT), 392, 393–394, 518 New Negro Art Theatre, 225 New Negro Theatre (NNT), 358, 533 New Negro, The (criticism, ed. Locke), 58–59 New Orleans Little Theatre Guild and People’s Community Theatre, 515 New Orleans Theatre, 49 New Park Opera House, 506 New Pekin Theatre, Louisville, KY, 199 New Teacher, The, 534 New Theatre League, 309 New World A-Coming, 531 New York City Opera, 448 New York Drama Critics Circle Award, 376, 392, 538 New York Drama League, 226 New York Shakespeare Festival (NYSF), 285, 289, 395, 418 (see Joseph Papp Public Theater) New York State Council on the Arts (NYSCA), 402, 406, 408, 416, 445, 446 New York Syncopated Orchestra, 155 New York Theatre, 33 Newark Federal Theatre Project, 330–331 Newman, Fred, 12 Newman, Harry, 460 Newton, Huey, depicted by Roger Smith, 470 NFT (see New Federal Theatre) Niblo’s Garden, 124 Nicholas Brothers, 520 Nicholas, Denise, 475, 536 Nicholas, Harold, 343 NIDA (see Negro Intercollegiate Dramatic Association) nigger, 392, 446–447 nigger heaven, 172 Nigger Heaven (novel by Van Vechten), 520 night clubs, 230–233 Night Must Fall, 534 Nine O’Clock Follies (see Ziegfeld Follies) © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Ninth US Cavalry Band, 133 Nite Box, 526 Nix, William, 326 NLT (see New Lafayette Theatre) NNT (see New Negro Theatre) No Colored Girls/No Colored Boys Allowed, 426 No Count Boy, 226 No Place to Be Somebody, 420 No Strings, 378 No Time for Sergeants, 345 No. 81 Theatre, 207 Noah, 327 Noah, Mordecai, 26, 27 Noel, Keith, 303 Nolan, John J., 147, 149, 150, 157 Non-Traditional Casting Project (NTCP), 460–461 nonprofit theatres, 384–386 nontraditional casting (see casting, mixed-race) Noose, The, 515 Norflett, Linda, 543 Norford, George, 349, 527 Norman, Is That You?, 372 North Ain’t South, 276 North Carolina Agricultural and Technical College, 258, 308 North Carolina Black Repertory Company (NCBRC), 452–453 North Pole Theatre, 242 not-for-profit theatres, 384–386 NPC (see Negro Playwrights Company) NPT (see Negro People’s Theatre) NRC (see Negro Repertory Company, Seattle, WA) NTCP (see Non-Traditional Casting Project) Nunes, Mizan, 306 NYSCA (see New York State Council on the Arts) NYSF (see New York Shakespeare Festival) O’Casey, Sean, 356 O’Connor, John, 333 O’Fake, Peter, 122 O’Neal, Frederick, 354; Actors’ Equity Association, 367, 373, 408, 422; American Negro Theatre, 350, 354, 355; as an actor, 356, 527, 532, 534 O’Neal, John, 393, 399, 536 O’Neal, Ron, 289, 420 O’Neil, Raymond, 217, 514 INDEX O’Neill Theater Center (see Eugene O’Neill Theater Center) O’Neill, Eugene, 175, 252, 266, 319 Oak and Ivy, 450 Oakland Ensemble, Oakland, CA, 469, 470, 544 Oakland Garden, Boston, MA, 73 Obey, André, 327 Obi; or, Three-Finger’d Jack, 27, 28, 32, 35, 42 Obie Awards, Bullins, Ed, 392; Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope, 269, 382; Dream on Monkey Mountain, 289; Dutchman, 388; Fires in the Mirror, 443; First Breeze of Summer, 475; Fly Blackbird, 268, 380; Funnyhouse of a Negro, 388; Imperceptible Mutabilities in the Third Kingdom, 445; Kandel, Karen, 463; Negro Ensemble Company, 396; Non-Traditional Casting Project, 461; Sally’s Rape, 435; Short Eyes, 538; Slave Ship, 398; Taking of Miss Janie, The, 398; Trouble in Mind, 361; Vance, Danitra, 442 Octoroon, The (Boucicault), 115, 204, 527, 544 Octoroons, The (Isham), 76, 118, 146 Odd Couple, The, 372 Odets, Clifford, 312, 379 Ododo, 382 Odyssey, The, 290 Oedipus Rex, 90, 424, 450 Offering, The, 292 Offley, Hilda, 324 Oh Joy, 210 Oklahoma Bear, 533 Ol’ Man Adam an’ His Chillun (book of folklore), 308, 521 Ol’ Man Satan, 277 Ol’ Sis Goose, 414 Olatunji, Babatunde, 387 Old Glory: “Benito Cereno,” The, 395 Old Man Pete, 222, 513 Old Man’s Boy, The, 213 Old Phantoms, 292 Old Rep (see Repertory Playhouse, Seattle, WA) Old Story Time, 300 Olden, Charles, 514 olio, 91, 95, 145 Oliver Scott Company, 196 Olympian Players, 515 On Strivers’ Row, 349, 351, 354 On the Road: A Search for American Identity, 540 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX On the Town, 532 On Whitman Avenue, 339 Once on This Land, 304 One Arm, 461 One for the Money, 279 One Mo’ Time, 251 One Size Fits All, 432 One Tenth of a Nation, see Liberty Deferred One Way to Heaven, 229, 517 One Woman Theatre, 370 Onstage: A Century of African American Stage Design (exhibition), 422 Open Door, The, 332 opera, Barrier, The (adaptation of Mulatto), 313; black USO unit, 337; comic, 155, 164, 277; companies, 178–180; composers, 183–185; crossover artists, 180; Emperor Jones, The (Gruenberg), 182, 517; Far Harbour, 280; Ghosts: Live from Galilee, 291; Never Lost a Passenger, the Story of Harriet Tubman, 473; Organizer, A Blues Opera in One Act, De, 312, 358; romantic roles unavailable to black men, 371; soloists, female, 177–178, 180–181, 185; soloists, male, 181; X: The Life and Times of Malcolm X , 448 (see Clorindy, or The Origin of the Cakewalk; Hyers Sisters; In Dahomey; Jones, Sissieretta; Padlock, The; Poor Soldier, The; Porgy and Bess; Urlina, the African Princess) Opera Company of Philadelphia, 253 Opportunity (magazine), 218, 514 Oregon Shakespeare Festival, 450, 463 Orfeo in a Night World, 292 Organizer, A Blues Opera in One Act, De, 312, 358 Oriental America, 146–147 Original Black Patti Musical Comedy Company (see Black Patti Musical Comedy Company) Original Georgia Minstrels, 109 Oroonoko, 42, 64 Orpheus McAdoo’s Jubilee Singers and Concert Company, 132 Othello, African Theatre, 27, 29, 40; Aldridge, Ira, 22, 42, 43; Arneaux, John A., 79, 80, 81; Hyman, Earle, 353; Jones, James Earl, 424; only quality role for black men, 229, 371; Robeson, Paul, 346, 347; Smith, Samuel Morgan, 64, 65; use of blackface in, 96 Other Foot, The, 362 Oubre, Juanita, 270 Our Lan’, 63, 339, 345, 413 Our Old Kentucky Home, 88, 139 Our Town, 259–261, 461 Out of Bondage, 71, 75, 76, 125 Out of the Dark, 261 Out of the Wilderness, 71 Outward Bound, 534 Over the Footlights, 203 Over the Top, 189 Overton, Ada (see Walker, Aida Overton) Owl Answers, The, 388, 522 Owl Killer, The, 418 Owsley, Tim, 506 Oxford Playhouse Company, England, 304 OyamO, 393, 471 Oyewele, Abiodun, 387, 426 Oyster Man, The, 131, 195, 203, 213 Pa Williams’ Gal, 236 Pack of Jokers, A, 300 Padlock, The, 43–44, 495 pageants, 133, 136, 140, 288, 332, 358, 382, 528, 531; at HBCUs, 201, 259, 261; overview, 199–202 PAH (see Pomo Afro Homos) Pair of Spectacles, A, 157 Palace Theatre, New York City, 145, 184 Palace Theatre, Sydney, Australia, 128 Panama Amusement Company, 247 Panda, 84 Pankey, Aubrey, 337 Pankey, Theodore, 161 Pantomime, 289 pantomimes, 35, 96, 133, 171, 175, 495 Panyared, 331 Papa Never Done Nothing–Much, 534 Papp, Joseph, 285, 424–425, 426, 515, 524 Pappyshow and Monkeyshines, 297 Paradise, 441 Park Theatre, Hannibal, MO, 140 Park Theatre, Indianapolis, IN, 159 Park Theatre, New York City, 27, 29, 30 Parker, Leonard, 228 Parks, Suzan-Lori, 444–445, 541 Parson Dewdrop’s Bride, 225 Part-time Lover, 302 PASLA (see Performing Arts Society of Los Angeles) Past Is Past, The, 419 Patch of Blue (film), 532 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information patent theatres, 22, 41, 44–45, 133, 155, 495 Patterson, Louise, 312 Patti, Adelina, as source of Sissieretta Jones’ nickname, 121–122, 148 Patton, Lynda, 414 Paul Robeson Theatre, 294, 297 Paul, Dorothy, 527 Pawley, Thomas, 266–267, 269, 270 Payne, Major Ben, 136 Payton, Lew, 528 Peacemaker, The, 356 Pecong, 526 Peculiar Sam; or, The Underground Railroad, 73, 497 Pekin Company, 194 Pekin Theatre, Chicago, IL, 140, 155, 166, 191, 193, 195, 197, 199, 228, 247, 511; compared with Lafayette Theatre, 205–206; history, 191–198 Pekin Theatre, Savannah, GA, 241 Pekin Theatres, others named after Chicago theatre, 199 Peluso, Tom, 277 Pendy, John, 77 Péné, Xavier, 137 Penny, Rob, 415, 453 Penthouse Theatre, 362, 534 Penumbra Theatre, 363, 471–473, 542, 545 People’s Theatre, 362 Perfection in Black, 537 performance art, 431–435, 443–444, 539 Performing Arts Society of Los Angeles (PASLA), 411 Perkins, Alberta, 532 Perkins, Francis, 523 Perkins, Kathy A., 422 Perrin, Syd, 278 Perry, Shauneille, 272, 341, 407, 418 Pershing Theatre, 514 Peter and Wendy, 463 Peterson, Dorothy, 226 Peterson, Louis, 344, 369 Philadelphia Story, The, 460 Phillips, Caryl, 305 Phoenix Theatre, 304, 525 Piano Lesson, The, 454, 473 Pierce, Will A., 148 Pierson, Lewis, 119 Pine, Les, 360 Piñero, Miguel, 538 Pink Slip, The, 175–176 INDEX Pioneer Negro Amusement Company, 211 Piscator, Erwin, 349, 355 Pizarro, 27, 30, 36, 37, 38, 41, 69, 85 plagiarism (see copying) Plantation Minstrel Slave Troupe, 116 Plantation Revue, 247, 248 Plato, Desseria (Broadley), 179 Platt’s Hall, 69 Play Mas, 304, 526 Playboy of the West Indies, 304 Players Club, 59 Playwright’s Horizons, 441 Playwrights Company, 343 “Playwrights in Dark Glasses,” 428 Playwrights Workshop, New Federal Theatre, 448 Plowshares Theatre Company, 471 Plumes, 332 Poag, Thomas E., 523 Poitier, Sidney, 244, 354–355, 356, 359, 371, 377, 486, 532 Poli-ticks, 302 police harassment, of black performers, 32, 48, 132, 290, 389; of black theatregoers, 47 Policy Players, The, 165 Polk County: A Comedy of Negro Life in a Sawmill Camp with Authentic Negro Music, 219, 514 Pomo Afro Homos (PAH), 437–438 Poor Soldier, The, 30, 177 Pope L[ancaster], 433 population, black, 255, 517; New York City, 1800–1830, 26, 103, 499; Seattle, 256, 326 Popwell, Albert, 281 Porgy (novel), 314 Porgy (play), 236, 239, 253, 314 Porgy and Bess (film), 124 Porgy and Bess (opera), 162, 253, 314–315, 332, 336, 367, 527, 532 Porter, Maggie, 470 Portrait of a Lady, 280 Posner, Lee, 277 Pot Luck, 362 Potmaker, The, 223 Potter, Richard, 503 Powell, Adam Clayton, 386 Powers, Bessie, 356 Practical Christianity, 258 Praise the Lord, But Pass the Ammunition, 391 Pratt, John, 325 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Prayer Meeting; or, The First Militant Minister, 391, 538 Preer, Evelyn, 204, 205, 247, 514 Premice, Josephine, 279, 281, 282–283, 368, 395, 524 Preminger, Otto, 124, 532 Price, Gilbert, 364 Price, Stephen, 25–26, 29, 30, 31 Primus, Pearl, 279, 368, 387, 531 Princess Theatre, 236 Princess Wee Wee, 211 Pringle’s minstrels, 122, 128, 129, 208 prison, theatre programs, 416–417, 433–434, 538; depicted in plays, 321, 333, 449 Processional, 278 Proctor’s Theatre, 92, 149–150, 164 Proctor, John, 360, 532 Prodigal in Black Stone, 297 Prodigal Son, 366, 402 producers, black (1960s–1970s), 421; white, of Urban Circuit productions, 466 Producing Managers Association, 174 profanity, 387, 390 Provincetown Players, 229, 236, 346 Pryor, Richard, 387, 388, 517 Psychic Pretenders, The (ritual), 394 Public Eye, The, 295 Public Theater (see Joseph Papp Public Theater) Pudim, Alafia, 387 Pugsley Brothers, 513 Pulitzer Prizes, 420, 423, 431, 454, 458, 524 Puppetplay, 541 Purdy, Claude, 454 Purlie (musical), 378, 381 Purlie Victorious (play), 354, 372, 381, 469, 535 Purple Flower, The, 223, 225 Put and Take, 245, 519 Pythagoras Hall, 77 QPH , 301 Quality Amusement Corporation, 233, 242 Queen of the Jungle, 196 Queens College Theatre, 298 Quintero, Joaquin, 226 Quintero, José, 525 Quiyou, Arlene, 294 R. B. Lewis Company, 115 Rabbit’s Foot Minstrels, 130 RACCA (see Richard Allen Center for Culture and Art) Rachel, 220, 253, 514, 515 racism against performers, Anderson, Marian, 185; Gilpin, Charles, 226; Robeson, Paul, 182; Williams, Bert, 172, 173, 174 (see also segregation; harassment) radio, 230, 231, 295, 312, 354, 518, 533 ragtime, 130, 131, 134, 141, 142, 211, 215 Rahman, Aishah, 448, 515, 542 Rahn, Muriel, 337, 342–343, 527 Rain, 205, 230, 371 Rainey, Ma, 203 Raisin in the Sun, A, 354, 355, 441, 455, 535; contrasted with other family dramas, 369, 370, 418; history, 376; musical version, 378 RAM (see Revolutionary African Movement) Rambeau, David, 399 Ramona, 292 Randolph-Wright, Charles, 450, 542 Rang Tang, 248 rap, 438–439, 539 Raphael, Lennox, 290, 389 Rapp Jourdan, William, 237, 239, 518 Rashad, Phylicia, 450, 542 Rat’s Mass, The, 388 Ray, Arthur, 514 Raymond, Melville, 169 Razaf, Andy, 249 Re/Membering Aunt Jemima, 447 Read, Florence, 256 Reading, Samuel, 242 Reardon, William R., 269 Reckord, Barry, 299 Reckord, Lloyd, 299–300, 303 Red Moon, The, 113, 129, 160–161, 162, 166 Redd, Tina, 237, 331, 529 Reddie, Milton, 319 Redman, Jemma, 295 Reed, Ishmael, 438 Refined Colored Minstrels and Electric Brass Band, 116, 117 Regal Theatre, 514 Reggae, 301 Reichold Center for the Arts, 305–306 religion, African, in plays, 7, 294; Christian, in plays, 226, 516 (see also churches; gospel plays; spirituals) Remembrance, 289 Renaissance Theatre, 243 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Renard, Ken, 338 Reno, Morris, 149 Repertory Playhouse, Seattle, WA, 327 repertory theatre, 229, 240, 268 Repertory Theatre, Detroit, MI, 462 Requiem for Ah Pan Mastah, 296 Respectful Prostitute, The, 532 Return to Guy’s Hill, 293 Revelations of a Wife: The Naked Truth about Married Life, The, 233 Revenge, The, 64 Revival, A, 479 Revolt of Surinam, or A Slave’s Revenge, The, 42 (see also Oroonoko) revolts (see slave revolts) Revolution, 294 Revolutionary African Movement (RAM), 390 revues, 246, 276 Rexroth, Kenneth, 392 Reynolds, Mary C. (Mrs. May Hyers), 75 Rhone, Trevor, 300, 305 Rice, Thomas Dartmouth “Daddy”, 97 Rich, Arthur, 229 Rich, Beverly, 416 Richard Allen Center for Culture and Art (RACCA), 401, 403 Richard and Pringle’s Georgia Minstrels (see Pringle’s minstrels) Richard III , 83, 89; at African Theatre, 21, 22, 30, 40; Aldridge, Ira, 43; Arneaux, John A., 80, 81, 89; Ford, Benjamin, 78, 79; Hewlett, James, 38; popularity with black troupes, 498; Smith, Samuel Morgan, 64, 65 Richards, Beah, 419, 534 Richards, Lloyd, 269, 291, 376, 419, 454–455 Richards, Lorna Prim, 412 Richards, Sandra, 544 Richardson, Jazzlips, 249 Richardson, L. Kenneth, 465, 475 Richardson, Virgil, 350 Richardson, Willis, 216–217, 223, 261, 501, 514, 517 Richelieu, 64, 65, 86 Richen, Neville, 293, 294 Richings, G. F., 139, 505 Rider of Dreams, The, 213 Riders to the Sea, 356 Right Angle Triangle, A, 527 Riley, Clayton, 281, 421 ring-shout (circle dance), 95, 98 INDEX Rising of the Tide, The, 65 Rites and Reason Theatre, 219, 415, 541 ritual theatre, 20, 291, 386, 390, 392, 393–394, 413, 434 (see also Slave Ship) Rivals, The, 257 River Niger, The, 412, 419 Riverside Shakespeare Company, 306 Roaring Lion (Hubert Charles), 275, 523 Rob Roy, 64 Robbins, Jerome, 190 Robert Herrick, 308 Roberts, N. D., 112 Roberts, Patricia (Amirh Bahati), 294 Robertson Theatre, 419 Robertson, Tom, 85 Robeson, Paul, 25, 155, 182–183, 236, 245, 252, 314, 337, 346–348, 409, 529 Robinson, Beverly, 465 Robinson, Bill “Bojangles,” 211, 248, 326, 386 Robinson, Jackie, 532 Robinson, Vivian, 408 Roboff, Annie, 12 Rockefeller Foundation, 228, 433, 458 Rockefeller, John D., 256 Rockmore, Robert, 310 Rodgers, Richard, 378 Rogers, Alex C., 132, 169, 171, 213, 508 Roker, Roxie, 266, 272 Roll, Sweet Chariot, 332 Rolle, Esther, 421, 534, 536 romance, limited roles for blacks, 245, 371; interracial, 366, 378, 532 Romberg, Sigmund, 509 Romeo and Juliet, 27, 41, 80 Romey and Julie, 319 Roomer, The, 294 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 266, 338, 339, 413 Roots, 398 roots drama, 302–303 Rope, 533 Rope and the Cross, The, 296 Rosalee Pritchett, 414, 538 Roscius, African (see Aldridge, Ira) Rose McClendon Players, 314, 349, 351, 527 Rose McClendon, Harlem’s Gift to Broadway, 314 Rose, Billy, 342–343, 535 Roseanne, 314, 528 Roselle, Sadie, 78 Rosenbaum, Jean, 537 Rosenthal, Jean, 524 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Ross, Diana, 379 Ross, Herbert, 524 Ross, John M., 260, 267 Rosten, Norman, 283 Rough Diamond, The, 86 Roundabout Theatre Company, 450, 542, 543 Route 1 & 9, 445 Roxanne Players, 515 Royal Coburg Theatre, 38, 42, 493 Royal Hunt of the Sun, 5 Royal Oak, 293 Royal Victoria Theatre, 38 royalties, 176, 225, 319 Rucker, John, 145 Rudd, Wayland, 229, 516 Ruffin, George, 179 Rufus Rastus, 113, 131, 192, 203, 213 “Rum ’n’ Coca-Cola” (song), 275, 523 Rum ’n’ Coca-Cola (play), 303 Run, Little Chillun, 310, 329–330, 530, 532 runaway slaves, 15, 16 (see also slave narratives) Runaways, 463 Runnin’ Wild, 245, 246 Rupert, Edwin, 77 Russell, Carlos E., 297 Russell, Charles, 419, 479 Russell, Maude, 324 Russell, Sylvester, 120, 129, 131, 168, 239 Rustin, Bayard, depicted in Civl Sex, 437 S. B. Hyers Colored Musical Comedy Company, 75 S. H. Dudley’s Smart Set Company, 192 SADSA (see Southern Association of Dramatic and Speech Arts) SAG (see Screen Actors Guild) Sagar, Lester A., 235 Sager, Charles, 88, 140, 191–192 Saidy, Fred, 281, 344 Salaam, Kalamu ya, 399, 536 salaries (see wages) Sally, 452 Sally and Tom, 12 Sally’s Rape, 435 Salome, 217 Salsbury, Nate, 133, 142 Same Song, Different Tune, 303 Sampson, John P., 85 Sampson, Mr. O., 69 San Francisco Drama Association, 69 San Francisco Mime Troupe, 417, 437 Sanchez, Sonia, 388, 393 Sanders, Alfred, 17 Sanders, Fetaque, 531 Sanders, Gertrude, 190 Sanders, Leslie, 435, 527 Sandle, Floyd L., 268, 523 Sandler, Joan, 406 Sands, Diana, 364, 377 Sanford, Isabel, 362, 533, 534 Sangoma, 476 Sapphirra, Madame, 503 Saunders, Gertrude, 245, 248 Savage, Archie, 344 Saville Theatre, 280 Sawyer, A. D., 125 Scandals, 246, 247, 520 Scarlet Sister Barry, 311 Scarlet Sister Mary, 311, 519 Schechner, Richard, 393, 398, 479 Schiffman, Frank, 231, 234, 371 Schoenfeld, Bernard, 309 School, 85 School for Scandal, 259–261 Schulberg, Budd, 400, 537 Schultz, Michael, 219, 536 Schuyler, George S., 215, 241, 253 SCLC (see Southern Christian Leadership Conference) Scott Joplin’s Ragtime Opera Company, 184 Scott, Harold, 475, 477 Scott, Maggie, 179 Scott, Mona, 470 Scott, Oz, 426 Scott, Seret, 398, 421 Scott-Livingston, Xenia, 225 Scottron, Thomas C., 138 Scottsboro Boys, depicted in plays, 291, 312 Scottsboro Limited, 312 Screen Actors Guild (SAG), 465 Sea Rock Children Is Strong Children, 297 Seamon’s Burlesque, 231 Searching Wind, The, 370 Season in the Congo, A, 296 Seattle Metropolitan Theatre, 328 Seattle Repertory Theatre, 464–465 Seattle Unit, Federal Theatre Project, 326 Sebree, Charles, 319, 337, 369, 422 Second World Black African Festival of Art and Culture, 387, 414 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information segregation, Actors’ Equity strike, National Theatre, Washington, DC, 341; benefits to Blacks, 360; could not be challenged by Birmingham FTP productions, 331; in armed services during World War Two, 335, 337; in housing, subject of On Whitman Avenue, 339; inconvenience to touring black performers, 118, 173, 186; of performers’ unions, 206; of schools, subject of A Land Beyond the River, 366; of theatres, 23, 70, 172, 191, 193, 198, 204, 230, 241, 242, 243, 244, 309, 341, 509, 518; self-, by black theatres, 364, 372, 390, 393; World’s Columbian Exposition, 88; Ziegfeld Follies, 172, 173 (see also casting, mixed-race) Séjour, Victor, 49, 494 Sekondi Players, 225 Seldes, Gilbert, 247 Selika, Marie (Mrs. Sampson Williams), 180 Senegambian Carnival, 165, 167 Sentimental Cannibalism, 436 Sequirra, Doris, 235 Sermon in the Valley, 219 Servitude and Freedom, 79 Set My People Free, 345, 532 Seven Guitars, 468, 478 Seven Slaves from Alabama, 107 Seventy-Fourth Street Theatre, 280 Sexual Illegals, 434 sexuality, boasting, 104–105, 501; forbidden to black actors, 328, 371 Shades and Shadows, 263 Shaffer, Peter, 5, 295 Shaftesbury Theatre, 168 Shakespeare Repertory Troupe, 424–425 Shakespeare, William, at African Theatre, 26, 27, 30; black companies, 514; black actors, 1800s, 64, 65, 87, 89; black actors considered inappropriate, 27, 41, 47, 48–49, 464; black actors, 1960s–1970s, 424–425; bones mentioned in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, 103; comedic renditions, 95, 174; HBCU productions, 257, 266; popularity of works, 29, 82 (see also individual plays) Shame of the Nation, The, 362 Shange, Ntozake, 400, 401, 425–427, 475 Shango, 401 Shango de Ima, 294 Shango Diaspora: An African-American Myth of Womanhood and Love, 426 INDEX Shannon, Sandra G., 455, 456 Shapiro, Mel, 289 Shaw, George Bernard, 319 Shaw, Irwin, 326 Shaw, Rudolph, 294, 295 She Would Be a Soldier, 27, 29 Shearer, Sybil, 279 Sheba, 402 Sheely, Viola, 540 Sheil, Richard, 68 Shelter, 435 Shepp, Archie, 8 Sherman, Alfonso, 523 Sherman, Susan, 294 Shield, William, 177 Shinbone Alley, 368 Shine, Ted, 228, 270, 272, 419 Shining Town, The, 307 Shipp, Jesse A., 132, 146, 165, 168–169, 170, 171, 508 Shoo-Fly Regiment, The, 128, 159–160 Short Eyes, 463, 538 Show Boat, 182, 183, 239, 311, 346, 532 Show Off, The, 533 Shubert Company, 170, 325, 509 Shubert Theatre, Cincinnati, OH, 175 Shubert Theatre, New York City, 347, 460 Shubert, J. J., 330 Shuffle Along, 181, 208, 244–245, 309, 336, 367 Shuffle Inn, 233 Sidney, P. J., 324, 344, 527 Siege of Vicksburg, The, 133, 136 Sierra, Rubén, 463 Sign in Sidney Brustein’s Window, The, 296 Signature Theatre Company, 389 Silas Green from New Orleans, 210 Sills, Beverly, 448 Silvera, Frank, 270, 324, 360, 372, 407, 419–420, 421, 424, 538 Silvera, John D., 316, 331, 532 Silzle, Barbara, 545 Simmons, Maude, 344 Simms, Hilda, 351, 356, 408 Simon the Cyrenian, 182, 213 Simon, Paul, 290 Simoncourt, De, 102 Simonds, Ike, 109 Simple (musical), 360 Simple Speaks His Mind (stories by Hughes; source of Just a Little Simple by Childress), 360 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Simply Heavenly (play by Hughes), 360, 364, 413 Sinclair, Abiola, 445 Sing, Mahalia, Sing, 384 Singleton, Pat, 405 Sissle, Noble, 245, 246, 315, 336, 531 Sister Lubaba (Lateef ), 405 Sister, Sister, 449 Sisterhood of a Spring Night, 298 Sisters, 452 Sistren, 301 Sizwe Bansi Is Dead, 379 Skeleton, 533 Skinner, Otis, 59 Skit: Hip-Hop Drama News, Tha, 432 Skyloft (radio show), 533 Skyloft Theatre, 358–359 Slade, Baby, 337 Slade, Martin, 532 slave narratives, 21, 35, 54, 96 slave revolts, 12, 16, 488, 491, 495; dramatized, 16, 17, 24, 25–36, 143, 298, 317, 318, 365 (see also Haiti, revolution) Slave Ship, 7, 390, 398, 400 Slave Troupe, 111 Slave’s Revenge, The, 115 Slave, The (Morton), 64, 65 Slave, The (Baraka), 390 slavery, abolished in England (1807), 14; denounced by Aldridge, 43; laws institutionalizing, 11, 12; Middle Passage, 7; opinions of founding fathers, 12; overview of African trade, 1–2, 489; overview of New World trade, 3–7; slave population (1800–10), 15; US ban (1808), 14, 15 Slavery Days, 136 Sloan, Leni, 94 Slouching Towards Armageddon, 433 Slyde, Jimmy, 251 Small World, A, 304 Small, Charlie, 379 Smallwood’s Great Contraband Minstrels, 109 Smart Set Company, 131, 132 Smart Set, The, 132, 196, 206, 209 Smile Native Smile, 306 Smile Orange, 300, 526 Smith, Anna Deavere (performance artist), 443–444, 457, 540 Smith, Augustus (actor), 339, 344 Smith, Bessie (singer), 203, 231 Smith, Ed (director), 450 Smith, Elwood (actor), 344–345, 362 Smith, Gus (head of Harlem FTP), 317 Smith, Harriet (actor; wife of Samuel Morgan Smith), 65 Smith, Henderson (band leader, cornet player), 75, 128 Smith, Louise A. (playwright), 83 Smith, Mamie (singer), 203 Smith, Mildred Joanne (actor), 228, 345 Smith, Muriel (actor), 342–343, 345 Smith, Richard (cofounder of CET), 399 Smith, Roger (actor), 470 Smith, Samuel Morgan (actor), 64–66 Smith, Vincent D. (playwright), 272 Smith, W. H. (theatre manager), 243 SNCC (see Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) Snelson, F. G. Jr., 240 soft-shoe dance, 158 Sojourner Truth, depicted in plays, 261, 345, 533 Sojourner Truth, 345, 533 Soldier’s Play, A, 423, 431 Solomon, Neil, 110 Son Come Home, A, 392 Songs of Black Folk, 155 Sons of Ham, The, 165–166, 248 Sophisticated Ladies, 251 Sophocles, 266, 284, 450 Soul Gone Home, 362, 533 South Africa, depicted in plays, 284, 355, 361, 379 South Before the War, The, 133, 135, 181, 196 South in Slavery, The, 140, 505 South Pacific, 345, 354 South Side Center for the Performing Arts (SSCPA), 412 Southern Association of Dramatic and Speech Arts (SADSA), 263, 267, 268, 522, 523 Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), 436 Southern Consolidated Circuit, 206 Southern Education Foundation, 270 Southern Jubilee Singers, 122 Southern, Eileen, 21–22 Sparber, Max, 541 Spaulding, Helen, 359 Spell #7, 535 Spelman College, 256, 259, 322, 521 Spence, Eulalie, 223, 514, 515, 523 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Spencer, Penelope, 298 Spencer, Rhoma, 298 Spirit House, 390 Spirit of Shango Theatre, 400 spirituals, 21–22, 91, 183, 205, 237, 327, 498 (see also gospel plays) Springer, Ashton Jr., 421, 429 Spruill, James, 50, 414 Spunk (1989 adaptation of Hurston stories by Wolfe), 219, 442 Spunk (1935 play by Hurston), 220 SSCPA (see South Side Center for the Performing Arts) St. James Hall, Liverpool, England, 111 St. James Theatre, 338 St. Louis Black Repertory, 473–474 St. Louis Woman, 343, 344 St. Marks Playhouse, 285, 288, 289, 297, 298, 388, 395, 406 St. Martin-in-the-Fields, 284 St. Philip’s Parish House, 226 stage design, integration of unions, 422–423 Stage Door Canteen, 336 stagehands, 207, 423 Standard Amusement Company, 242 Standard Theatre, 207, 242 Stanton, J., 179 Stapleton, Deborah, 477, 545 Star of Ethiopia, The, 201–202, 322 Star Theatre, 514 Starlight, 356 Stars and Bars, 530 Start Theatre, 178 Staton, Joe, 327, 328 Stealing Lightning, 348 Steel, 290 Steele, Shelby, 20–21 Steels, J. D., 383 Stein, Gertrude, 445, 530 Steinhardt, Herschel, 537 Steinway Hall, 70, 80, 148 Stepfather, 302 Stephens, Brooke, 406 Stephenson, Olivier, 293, 294 Stepin Fetchit, 371 Stevedore, 327–328, 333, 344, 346 Stevens, Andrew F., 242 Stewart, Delano, 405, 406, 537 Stewart, Ellen, 461 INDEX Stewart, Granville, 138 Stewart, Harrison, 195–196, 198, 213 Stewart, Nick, 371–373 Still a Brother/Inside the Negro Middle Class, 365 Still, William Grant, 184–185 Stillman, Leonard, 374 Stoker, Austin, 281 Stokes, John, 136 Stork Club, 367 Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 53–60, 65, 73, 143 Strange Fruit, 338 Strange, R. Henri, 86, 89, 122, 139, 508 Stranger at Home, A, 85 Strasberg, Anna, 296 Strasberg, Lee, 296 Strayhorn, Billy, 344 street theatre, 417–418 Streetcar Named Desire, A, 372, 532 Strictly Matrimony, 285 strikes, 239, 317, 326, 341, 402 strut (dance), 129 Strut Miss Lizzie, 245 Stubbs, Louise, 362 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 389, 397 student theatre (see educational theatre) Study in Color, A, 400 Sty of the Blind Pig, The, 418 subscription audiences, 351, 358, 407, 457, 476 suffrage, women’s, in plays, 217, 222 Sugar Cane, 236 Sugar Hill, 356 Suitcase Theatre, 312 summer theatre, Atlanta University, 259–261, 285; Lincoln University, 267 Sunday Morning in the South, A, 221 Sunny Morning, A, 226 surrealism, 225, 389, 515 Surrey Theatre, 65 Sutton, Frank, 136 Swados, Elizabeth, 305, 463 Swain, Charles, 344 Sweet Karaila, 295 Sweet River, 59 Sweet Talk, 294, 525 Swing Along, 156 Swing It, 319 Swing Mikado, The, 325–326 Swing, Gates, Swing, 529 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Swingin’ the Dream, 371, 388 Symmons, Thomas, 81 Symphony Hall, 332 syncopation, 101, 131, 141, 142 Taft, Charles (Charles Beers), 40 Taj Mahal (musician), 219 Take a Giant Step, 237, 369–370, 534 Taking of Miss Janie, The, 398, 434 Talbert, David, 466, 467 Talbot, Arthur, 161 Tales of Madame Zora, 542 Talladega College, 267, 521 Talley, Thomas W., 95 Tambelli’s Gate Theatre, 391 Tambourines to Glory, 332, 382, 469 Taming of the Shrew, The, 257 tap dance, 99 Tartuffe, 395, 410, 542 Tate, Greg, 432 Taylor, C. W. (playwright), 65 Taylor, Charles (dancer), 337 Taylor, Clarice (actor), 359, 362, 365, 388, 533, 536 Taylor, Edward (cofounder of BTA), 537 Taylor, George (singer), 179 Taylor, Gordon (author), 520 Taylor, June (dancer), 337 Taylor, Mr. A. C. (pianist), 70 Taylor, Samuel Coleridge, see Coleridge-Taylor, Samuel Taylor, Tom (playwright), 504 Taylor, Vivian Henderson (conductor), 337 Teachers’ Pledge, The (pageant), 261 Teatro Avante, 543 Technical Theatre Training Program, Norfolk Prison, 416 Teer, Barbara Ann, 459, 479 television, 345, 360, 364, 376, 518, 534 Tell ’em How We Died, 533 Tell Pharaoh, 270, 382 Telson, Bob, 383 Tempest, The, 257, 345, 441 Tennessee Jubilee Concert Company, 86 Terkel, Studs, 319 Terminus, 285 Terrace Theatre, 407 Tha Skit: Hip-Hop Drama News, 432 Theatre Artaud, 432 Theatre Black, 406 Theatre Communications Group, 457, 460, 476 Theatre Company of Boston, 414 Theatre Development Fund, 408 Theatre Four (see NEC) Theatre Guild, 236, 341 Theatre Licensing Act (1737), 22 Theatre of Being, 407, 419 Theatre of Black Americans, The, 20 Theatre of the Absurd, 388–389, 394, 448 Theatre Owners Booking Association (TOBA), 206, 207, 208, 215, 243, 251 Theatre Royal, Barnstaple, England, 65 Theatre Royal, Brisbane, Australia, 76 theatres, black, quantity, 199, 216; survival strategies, 480–481 (see also individual theatres) theatres, first-class, 170, 508, 509 theft of material, see copying Their Eyes Were Watching God (novel), 219 Thenstead, Adolph, 279 Theodore Drury Opera Company, 179–180 Therese, or, The Orphan of Geneva, 69 They That Sit in Darkness, 222 Thicket-of-Leaves, The, 126 Third Avenue Theatre, 111, 157 This Bird of Dawning Singeth All Night Long, 283 This is the Army, 336 This Way Forward, 363, 385 Thomas, Edna, 204, 338 Thomas, Franklin A., 362, 404 Thompson’s Eighth Street Theatre, 79 Thompson, Garland, 407 Thompson, Jr., George A., 491 Thompson, Lottie (see Williams, Lottie) Thompson, Sol, 179 Thomson, Mortimer (Q. K. Philander Doesticks), 48–49 Thomson, Virgil, 530 Thorpe, John C., 461 Three Men on a Horse, 372 Three Plays for a Negro Theatre, 213, 216 Three’s a Family, 354, 356 Three-Finger’d Jack (see Obi; or, Three-Finger’d Jack) Threepenny Opera, 413 Thurman, Wallace, 237–239, 518 Ti Jean and His Brothers, 289, 526 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information ticket prices, African Theatre, 30; American Negro Theatre, 351, 356; Beauty Shop, 466; Berkeley Black Repertory, 469, 470; Committee for the Negro in the Arts, 360; Cotton Club, 230; Crossroads Theatre, 270, 475; first-class versus second-class theatres, 161, 162, 169, 170, 172, 509; Free Southern Theatre, 398; Gibson and Dunbar Theatres, 243; Harlem, 238; Heaven Bound, 310; L’Africaine Dramatic Association, 78; Maguire’s Opera House, 70; minstrel shows, 95; New Negro Theatre, 358; New World A-Coming, 531; Oakland Ensemble, 470; Pekin Theatre, Savannah, GA, 242 Ticket-of-Leave (Man), 504 Tiger Tiger Burning Bright, 378 Til Victory Is Won, 382 Till, Emmett, subject of Blues for Mister Charlie, 380 Tillie, 295 Timbuktu, 306, 380 Time Out of Time, 293 Tin Top Valley, 354, 356 Tinnin, Alvis, 341 Titus Andronicus, 43, 395 To Be Young, Gifted, and Black: A Portrait of Lorraine Hansberry in Her Own Words, 378 To Live with Hamlet, 295 TOBA (see Theatre Owners Booking Association) Tobacco Road, 244 Tobias, Channing, 343 Tobin, John, 77 Todd, Mike, 325–326 Toilet, The, 390 Tolson, M. B., 523 Tom and Jerry, or, Life in London, 29, 34–35 Tom Tom, 321–322 Toney, Miss Bertie, 81 Tonight with Belafonte (television program), 355 Tony Awards, 408, 442; Alice, Mary, 454; Beverly, Tarzana, 426; Crossroads Theatre, 476; Dutton, Charles, 454; Fences, 454; Hall, Dolores, 382; Hart, Moss, 524; Jones, J. E., 454; Merritt, Theresa, 454; Negro Ensemble Company, 396; Raisin in the Sun, A (musical), 378; River Niger, The, 419; Wiz, The, 379 Tool, Letitia, 532 Toomer, Jean, 216, 515 Top Dog/Under Dog, 444 INDEX Torrence, Ridgeley, 213, 216, 252 Toscanini, Arturo, 185 Tougaloo College, 397, 521 Toussaint L’Ouverture, François Dominique, 488; depicted in Haiti, 318 Toussaint L’Ouverture, 25 Town Hall, 360, 457 Toy Boy, 303 Tramarden Players and New Faces Guild, 515 Traylor, Eleanor, 21 Tree, Ellen, 44 Treemonisha, 184 Trelling, Ursula (see Andrews, Regina) Trenton Six, depicted in Shame of the Nation, 362 Trial by Fire, 338, 344 Trial of Dr. Beck, The, 253, 330–331, 332, 400 Trial of One Short-Sighted Black Woman vs. Mammy Louise and Safreeta Mae, The, 451 Tribble, Andrew, 128–129, 192, 195, 202 Trinidad Sisters, 304 Trinidad Theatre Workshop (TTW), 288 Trinity of Four, A, 294, 298 Trip to Africa, A, 150 Trip to Coontown, A, 141, 157, 498 Triplex Theatre, 305 Triptych, 306 Tropical Revue, 368 Tropicana (Beatty, 1952), 523 Tropicana (Heywood, 1941), 278 Trotter, James Monroe, 107 Trouble in Mind, 361, 365 Trouble with Albino Joe, The, 294 “Trouble with Angels, The” (essay by Hughes), 309 Trouble with Angels, The (play by Schoenfeld), 309 Troubled Island (play), 311 Troubled Island (opera), 185 truck and peck (dance), 325 Truly Blessed, 384 Trumpets of the Lord, 382 Truth, Sojourner, depicted in plays, 261, 345, 533 Tryst, The, 183 TTW (see Trinidad Theatre Workshop) Tubman, Harriet, 54; depicted in plays, 17–18, 261 Tuck School of Business Administration, 459, 543 Tucker, Earl “Snakehips,” 230 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Tumult and the Shouting, The, 270 Turman, Glynn, 377 Turn Verein Hall, 68 Turner, Beth, 486 Turner, Charles, 292 Turner, Nat, 16, 96, 495; depicted in Nat Turner, 16, 263 Turner, Robert, 119 Turner, Susan Watson, 397 Turner, Thomas, 405 Tuskegee Airmen, depicted in Black Eagles, 476 Tuskegee Institute, 90, 258 Tutt Brothers, Tutt Whitney, Salem, 209–210, 238, 241, 276, 506, 513; Tutt, J. Homer, 209–210, 276, 513, 527 Twelfth Night, 257 Twentieth Century-Fox, 379 Twenty Minutes from State Street, 197 Twilight Dinner, The, 298 Twilight Los Angeles, 444 Twiss, Horace, 33–34 Two African Princes, 193 Two Can Play, 300 Two Soldiers at a Crossroads, 296 Tyler, Rosa Lee, 193 Tyrolese Minstrel Family, 94 Tyson, Cicely, 284, 355, 395, 542 Tyson, Fred, 295 unions, 246, 312, 326, 465; 1960s–1970s, 422–424; black-only, 206, 207; depicted in plays, 312, 327–328, 471, 531, 544; discrimination against Blacks, 172, 206, 207, 419; producers and, 421; wages, 336, 364, 457 (see Actors’ Equity Association; Dramatists Guild of America; Negro Actors Guild; United Scenic Artists Association) United Scenic Artists Association (USAA), 319, 422, 423 United Service Organization (see USO) United Theatre League, 359 Unity Players, 348 Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), 89, 322 University and College Theatre Association, 271 University of the Virgin Islands (UVI), 305–306 Urban Arts Corps, 304, 382, 401, 402 Urban Bush Women (UBW), 435, 452, 540 Urban Circuit, 465–468 Urban League, 2361 pm, 218, 324, 327 Urlina, the African Princess, 72–73, 77 US (afrocentric group), 392 USAA (see United Scenic Artists Association) ushers, 423 USO (United Service Organization), 335–337, 531 UBW (see Urban Bush Women) Ugolino, 69 Ujima Theatre Company, 450 Un Ballo in Maschera, 185 Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 53–55, 60, 78, 130; black response to, 23, 526; film version, 113; productions, 66, 73, 76, 103, 115, 117, 126, 130, 133, 154, 331 Under the Bamboo Tree, 175–176 Under the Duppy Parasol, 297 Under the Yoke, or, Bond and Free, 78, 80, 82 Underground, 516 Underground Railroad, depicted in plays, 73, 435, 497 Unfinished Women Cry in No Man’s Land While a Bird Dies in a Gilded Cage, 542 UNIA (see Universal Negro Improvement Association) Union Exhibition Association, 69 Union Settlement Community Center, 413 Union Square Theatre, New York City, 456 Valdo, 183 Valk, Kate, 445 Valz, Ian, 295 Van Dyke, Elizabeth, 220 Van Peebles, Melvin, 301, 398, 402, 420–421 Van Vechten, Carl, 252, 336, 520 Vance, Danitra, 442 Vanderbilt Theatre, 313 Varieties Theatre, 500 vaudeville, 110, 133, 149, 195, 211, 234 Vaughan, Sarah, 231, 244 Vaughan, Stuart, 464, 525, 544 Vaughn, Birel and Nora, 469 Vendetta, 183 Venice Theatre, 277 ventriloquists, black, 122, 503 Venus, 444, 445 Verandah, The, 293 Verdi, Giuseppe, 178, 179, 185 Vereen, Ben, 384 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Vesey, Denmark, 16, 96, 495; depicted by S. Randolph Edmonds, 16 Victoria 5 Theatre, 295 Victoria Theatre, Hammerstein’s, 131, 172 Victory Gardens Theatre, 293 Vietnam War, 290, 380, 389, 427 Vieux Carré, 536 Village Gate, 251 Village Vanguard, 282 violence, against Blacks, 104, 186–188; against black performers, 119, 131, 187, 346, 347; in Black Arts Movement plays, 373, 389 Virginia Essence (dance), 99, 111, 125 Virginia Jubilee Singers, 127 Virginia Minstrels, 94 Virginia State College, 261 Virginian Mummy, The, 43 Visitor, The, 294 Vivian Beaumont Theatre, 400 Vodery, Will H., 155, 203, 244, 509, 511 Voelckel, Rudolph, 147, 149, 150, 157 Vogel, John W., 145 Voice of the Hurricane (film), 345 Volpone, 374, 395 voodoo, depicted in theatre, 184, 279 Voodoo, 184 “Voodoo” Macbeth, 317, 386, 518, 528 Voorhees, Lillian, 265, 267 Voteur, Ferdinand, 527 wages, American Negro Theatre, 355; Carmen Jones, 342; Federal Theatre Project, 316, 326; Free Southern Theatre, 398; Green Pastures, The, 309; Gregory, Dick, 388; Harlem Opera House, 231; minstrel performers, 118–119, 125, 130; Penumbra Theatre, 472; Prodigal Son European tour, 402; Short Eyes, 538; street theatre, 418; union members, 364, 457, 472; USO performers, 336; vaudeville performers, 131, 162, 207; Williams and Walker, 170, 176 Waiting for Godot, 368, 397, 534 Waiting for Lefty, 312 Walcott, Beatrice, 523 Walcott, Derek, 284, 287–290, 294, 304, 305, 525 Walcott, Roderick, 287, 294 Wales Padlock Law, 238 walk around (dance), 94, 133, 152 Walk Hard, 353, 354 Walk in Darkness, 366, 379 Walk Together Chillun, 317 INDEX Walker, Aida (Ada) Overton, 129, 161, 166, 168, 169, 171, 211, 508 Walker, Alice, 219 Walker, George, 76, 89, 104–105, 119, 129, 132, 150, 155, 160, 161, 163–171, 187, 211, 507 Walker, Joseph A., 272, 382, 396, 397, 419 Walker, Lucy M., 272 Walker, Sullivan, 296–297 Walker, Victor, 458 walking the dog (dance), 247 Wallace, Lizzie, 192 Wallace, Michele, 427 Wallack, Henry, 492, 493 Wallack, James, 41, 492 Waller, Thomas “Fats,” 202, 251, 280 Walton, Lester A., 132, 233, 236, 237, 363; biography, 203–204, 239, 512; criticism, 159, 162, 198, 213 War, 65 Ward Theatre, 89, 288 Ward, Aida, 248 Ward, Douglas Turner, 285, 297, 377, 395, 396, 460 Ward, Pamela, 279 Ward, Theodore, 63, 349, 399, 413, 533, 537 (see also Big White Fog) Ward, Val Gray and Francis, 413 Warden, Gentry, 325 Warner, Earl, 291 Warning – A Theme for Linda, The, 391, 418 Washington Years, The, 533 Washington, Booker T., 116, 228, 257 Washington, Denzel, 400 Washington, Dinah, 244 Washington, Fredi, 532 Washington, Isabel, 239 Washington, Von H., 400 Watch on the Rhine, 237 Waters, Ethel, 207–208, 211, 230, 252, 276, 282, 342, 345, 366, 367, 371 Watkins, Perry, 319, 344, 422, 527 Watson, Robert, 229 Watts, Maggie, 78 WCF (see Working Capital Fund) WCT (Wild Crazy Things) Productions, 467 Weaver, Afaa Michael, 474 Webb, B. Franklin, 89 Webster, Paul, 297 Wedding Band, 361 Weisberger Hall, 183 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information INDEX Welch, Elizabeth, 246 Welles, Orson, 317, 338, 518 Welles, Virginia, 317 Wells Brown, William, 21, 49–51, 52, 54, 221 Wells-Barnett, Ida B., 188, 191, 193, 498, 510 Wesley, Richard, 393, 419, 420 West Indian American Day Carnival, 275–276 West Indian Play, 294 West, Bob, 272 West, Cheryl L., 449 West, Clara, 136 Westminster Theatre, 25, 26 Weston, Horace, 103, 111 Weusi Kuumba Troupe, 391 Whalen, John, 135 What the Wine-Sellers Buy, 400 What Was the Relationship of the Lone Ranger to the Means of Production, 391 Whatever Happened to Black Love?, 466 When the Jack Hollars, 311 When the Rattlesnake Sounds, 17 Where’s the Blood of Our Fathers, 399 Whilshire, George, 231 Whip-lash, 302 Whipper, Leigh, 342, 521, 527 Whitaker, Mical, 413 White Barn Festival Theatre, 289 White Man, 229 White, Charley, 98 White, Edgar, 290–292, 389, 515 White, George, 246, 520 White, Jane, 338, 534 White, Josh, 282, 531 White, Kenneth, 356 White, Lucien H., 240 White, Walter, 343, 520 whiteface, 1800s, 64, 70; 1900–1940s, 156, 204, 233, 345, 518; 1950s–1990s, 397, 437, 464 Whitehall Players, 284 Whiteman, Paul, 252 Whites, depicted in black drama, 222, 353 Whitfield, Vantile, 411, 417, 419 Whitman Sisters (Mabel, Alberta, Essie, and “Baby” Alice), 129, 210–211 Whitney, Salem Tutt (see Tutt Whitney, Salem) Who’s Got His Own, 393, 399, 418, 518 Whole Hog or Nothing, 413 Widow Jones, The, 130, 505 Wild Duck, The, 266, 329, 341 Wild Party, The, 251, 442 Wildberg, John, 352–353 Wiley, Stella, 92, 149, 156–157 Wilhelm, Esther, 331 Wilkes, Mattie, 146 Wilks, Thomas, 68 Williams (neé Hill), Hattie E., 79, 80 Williams and Walker, 272 Williams, Allen, 523 Williams, Bert (comedian), 23, 111, 116, 160, 162–176, 366; Cook’s affiliation with, 150, 155; performances, 76, 89, 104–105, 132, 161, 164, 491; targeted by mob during race riot (1900), 131, 187; Ziegfeld Follies, 124, 172–175 Williams, Bill (composer), 169 Williams, Cecelia V., 68–70 Williams, Cecil, 305 Williams, Christola, 527 Williams, Elizabeth (choreographer), 360 Williams, Frances, 228 Williams, George Washington (playwright), 84 Williams, Lottie (neé Thompson; singer and dancer, wife of Bert), 166–168, 173, 174, 176, 508 Williams, Marshall (member of NEC), 536 Williams, Paulette (see Shange, Ntozake) Williams, Percy, 230 Williams, Samm-Art (playwright), 396, 405 Williams, Stanley, 481 Williams, Tennessee (playwright), 461, 532 Williams, Wanda Celeste (Ifa Bayeza), 438 Wilson, Arthur “Dooley,” 203, 319, 342, 512 Wilson, August, 269, 415, 453–457, 465, 468, 501; National Black Theatre Summit, 458, 459–460; Penumbra Theatre productions, 472, 545 Wilson, Edith, 230, 249 Wilson, Flip, 129 Wilson, Frank, 204, 236–237, 316, 514, 521, 534 Wilson, Robin, 540 Wilson, Samuel H., 409 Winchell, Walter, 238, 367 Winde, Beatrice, 464 Wine in the Wilderness, 361 Winfield, Paul, 468 Winfred, Henry, 136 Winfred, Ida, 136 Winn, Edward, 146 Winsor, Ellen, 229 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-62472-5 - A History of African American Theatre Errol G. Hill and James V. Hatch Index More information Winter Garden Theatre, 161 Winter’s Tale, The, 395 Winter, Laurence, 341 Winti Train, The, 298 Wise, Fanny, 159, 161 Wise, Hen, 156–157 Within the Law, 242 Witmark’s Amateur Minstrel Guild, 104 Wiz, The, 306, 379–380, 421, 452, 473 Wolfe, George C., 219, 439–442, 458, 475, 540; at Inner City Cultural Center, 411, 461; color-blind casting, 425, 462; Fires in the Mirror, 443, 541; The Wild Party, 251, 252 Womanwords, a cabaret of scenes and songs celebrating women, 447 women, in Little Theatre Movement, 222–226; in minstrelsy, 105–107, 126, 127, 134, 500; in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 130; not to appear with Bert Williams in Ziegfeld Follies, 172; playwrights, 1960s–1970s, 401–404; playwrights, 1990s, 447–451; scholarship, 482 Wood, Charles Winter, 86, 89–90, 258, 308 Wood, Milton, 344 Woods, Allie, 415, 536 Woodson, Carter, 261 Wooster Group, 445–446 Workers’ Lives, Workers’ Stories, 544 World’s Columbian Exposition (Chicago World’s Fair), 88, 136, 148, 190, 498, 504, 508 Wright, Bonnie, 426 INDEX Wright, P. T., 497 Wright, Richard, 319–321, 334, 370, 378 Wright, Wendell, 465 Wydro, Ken, 384 X, Malcolm, 354; depicted in theatre, 410, 448–449 X, Marvin, 393 X: The Life and Times of Malcolm X , 448–449 Ya Salaam, Kalamu, 399, 536 Yale Repertory Theatre, 304 Yarborough, Catherine (see Jarboro, Caterina) Yellow Death, 263 Yordan, Philip, 351, 353 You Can’t Take It with You, 356 You Mus’ Be Bo’n Ag’in, 226, 516 Young, Albert, 140 Young, Gifted, and Broke, 405 Your Arms Too Short to Box with God, 382 Ziegfeld Follies, 172–175, 245, 247, 519 Ziegfeld, Florenz Jr., 172, 173, 174, 182, 520 Zilla, the Gypsy Queen, 83 Zip Coon (character), 134 “Zip Coon” (song), 141 Zollar, Jo, 435, 472 Zoo Story, The, 295, 388 Zora, 220 Zuliki, 183 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
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