BIRTH CONTROL
OCTOBER, 1921
25 CENTS
BIRTH CONTROL ORGANIZATIONS
I N FOREIGN
COUNTRILS
The Federation of N e o Malthusian Leagues-D~ ALICE DRYSDALE
VICKLRY,
rresulent
E~CLAND-Xlolthus~an
League, % \'~ctor~aS t , London S W 1
HOLLAYD(1885) -DP Nneuw Malthus~aansche Bond Secretar)
Dr J Rutgers, 9 Verhulststraat, Den Haag P e r ~ o d ~ c aHet
l
Gelllrkktg Hulsgezm
GERMAYY(1889) -Sozlal Harmonlache berern Secretary Herr
M Hausmerster Stuttgart Perrodical Dte Sozmle Hurrnon~e
FRAIICE
(1895) -6 Hardy, 29 Rue Plxerecourt, P a m P e n
o d d Generatton Consclente
SPAIN (1904) -L~ga Espanola de Regeneraclon Humana Secre
tary Senor L u ~ sBulffi, Calle Provenza 177 Pral la Bar
celana Penod~cal Solu y Fuerza
BELCIUU (1906) -L~gue Neo Malhus~enne Secretary, Dr
Fernand Mascaux, Echevrn Caurcelles
S ~ ~ T ~ E R L (1908)
A N D -Groupe Malthuslen
Secretary, Valentm
Permdlcal
Grandlean, 106 Rue des Eaux Vlves Geneva
La Vte I n t m e
BOHEMIA
AUSTRIA (1901) -Secretary,
M~chael Kacha, 1164
Zlzzhov Prague Permdrcal, Zodruhy
II
A u s ~ n l -S~cretary
r
Rudolf Grossman (Pierre Ramus) K l o s t ~ r
neuhere- .(be, Wlenl Nled Ost Yerrodrcal Erkennrnls Onrl
Belrerung
PORTUCAL-E S h a Junmr L da Memorla 46 r/2 L~sbon
Perlodml Paz e Ltberdade
BRALIL(19051 -Secclan
Brasrlena de Propaganda S e c r ~ t d l l l s
Manuel llloscosa Rua d Bento Plres 29 S, Pahlo Antnncr,
Dom~n~guw
Kue Vmcande de Moranguapea25 R m de Jdnejco
CUBAA \ ~ ~ r ~ - S e c c l o de
n Propaganda Secretary, J o s ~Guard)
ola tmprdrado 14 Havana
Stxi D> \ (1911) -Sallskapet for Humamtar Barndlstrrn,
Pleq
dent hlr Hmke Bergegren Vanadwagen 1-1 Stochtwlm \'a
ITAIY (1916) -Le&a iVeomalthusldna ltallana \'la Lamarnu,! 4 22
1 urln P e r ~ o d ~ c aLl Educoz~oneSessuole
AFRICA-IILUL NLOhlalthusrenne, h l a ~ s o ndu Peuple, 10 Rampe
hIaecnta Aleer
h 1 ~ ~ 1 ~ 0 - ( 1 9 1Zhlexlcan
8)
B m h Control League, Secret ule= \Ir
and hlls l l n n A E Gale P 0 Box 518 \ . l e x ~ r o U F
M e x m Perrudlcals 6 n l e s (Lngl~shJ and t l Conrunista
(Spanish)
IN THE UNITED
STATES
The list of organizations has been left out untll the Conference
meets when the varlous leagues will be reorgan~zed
d n Appeal
In order to make the comlng Amer~canBlrth Cmtrol Conference
-November
11th-13th,
a success, we n e d your help'
Could you send a donation toward the expenses? If you have
f 100 0 0 send us that
If you have $50 00 or $25 00 to help insure
success, send it, or even a smaller amount-send
that'
THE W R T H CONTROL KEVIEW
DEDICATED T O V O L U N T A R Y MOTHERHOOD
MARGARET SANGER, Edztor
VOL V
OCTOBER, 1921
No 10
The Aim of the Conference
J
MOST ENCOURAGING s ~ g nof the tlmes ~sthe great d~sasterand defeat are mentable ~f as a nat~onal unlt the
great change that has swept over Great Br~tainm t h ~ s United States of Amer~ca IS not brought to an ~mmed~ate
matter of Birth Control After forty years of mdom~table realization that ~t can no longer Ignore a matter of such
courage and ceaseless effort, the pioneers of the Neo Ma1 primary and v~tallmportance to every man, woman and chdd
thuslan League have broken through the walls of sdence, sup of the country More and more, from a hundred different
presslon and prejudice Agamst the most tremendous odds, sources, IS emphas~zedand re~teratedthe truth that dysgen~c
In the face of discouragement and opposltlon, they kept up breedmg-r e , uncontrolled ch~ldbearmg-1s the most certaln
them brave battle Representatwe oplnlon has at last been route to rac~aldecay and nat~onaldegeneration As Mr Mac
awakened The war brutally and perhaps cruelly tore asunder dougal pomted out, the most t r a p spectacle In the world
the veds of stupidity and ignorance that kept concealed the today IS the foolhardy and carefree manner In whlch the
d~sastrousfolly of dysgenlc breedmg Today m the Brit~sh American democracy IS "~oyr~diug"to b~ologlcaldestruct~on
To health officers, to soc~alworkers, to scientific investigators
press Birth Control is frankly, honestly and mtelligently dls
cussed Intellectual leaders of the cal~breof Bernard Shaw, and famdy physmans, as well as to all serious students of
Dean Inge, H G Wells, Havelock Ellis, Wilham Archer, nat~onaland mternat~onalaffa~rs,~t shall be our alm to point
W~lliamBateson, and others hardly less d~stlnguishedlend to out that there IS no phase of human activity, no v ~ t a lproblem
the cause of B ~ r t hControl all the preshge and mfluence then of the date, no economic questlon that IS not duectly and
mtegrlty and ~ntellectual brdliance can brmg to t h ~ sgreat int~mately connected wlth this great prlmary problem of
~ d e a Taboo and prejudice have been broken down The B ~ r t hControl
The problems of C h ~ l dLabor, of feeblemindedness, of
press, even the most conservatwe sectlon of the press, has
centers, of workmg condl
opened ~ t columns
s
to the frank d~scus~on
of the problem of maternity conditions in ~ndustr~al
populatlon and Blrth Control B ~ r t h Control cl~nics are tlons for women and chddren, of lndustr~alfat~gueand occu
established as necessary m the new campaign agamst the waste pat~onalmalahes, have m the past been mvest~gatedwithout
of womanhood and ch~ldhood The recently published census any attempt to coordmate or to correlate the facts obtamed
has been ~ n t e r ~ r e t emd sane and sound fashion as a vmd~cat~onwith those concerning the Incessant pregnancies and unrelieved
of pract~cal Bntb Control The declmmg b ~ r t hrate is con chlld bearing of workmg class mothers Of what value are
s~dered as an optlmlstlc s p for the health of the statlct~calresults whlch have been obtamed by a complete
lgnormg or ignorance of the cruc~al pomt of the whole
next generation
What 1s happeumg m Great Br~tamIS the surest slgn of problem?
what must lnev~tablyhappen m our own country Already
F OUR Conference can succeed in awaken~nglntell~gent
Amer~ca IS wak~ngup to the Importance of B ~ r t hControl
Amencans to that all important fact that m matters of
And no better tune than the present could have been chosen
populatlon
and parenthood we can expect exactly the same
for the F ~ r s tAmencan B~rthControl Conference All that
results
that
preva~lIn every other country ~t will more than
we now need tr~umphantlyto break through the barr~ersof
prejudrce and Ignorance IS to crystall~zeInto a strongly welded justify the long and hard work of organizatlon If we have
central movement all the varlous and independent strands of not as yet attamed to the desperate condlt~ousthat prevad
oplulon that each may be immeasurably strengthened and In Chma and Japan, it IS through no fault of our own
dlrected toward the llberat~onof Amencan womanhood and The Un~tedStates has passed laws declamg the practlce of
B ~ r t hControl illegal These laws were passed not upon the
chddhood
sound basls of scient~ficver~ficatlon of fact, but upon the
T SHALL BE the aim-and one of the most unportant auns unsound and shiftmg sands of moral s t u p ~ d ~ and
t y lgnorance
-of this Firet Amer~can B~rth Control Conference to The blologlcal chaos, the tragic human waste and mlsery that
show how deeprooted In the soc~al,the natlonal and the inter have resulted by thrs stupid refusal to face facts, can no longer
nat~onalorganizatlon of human soclety and human institutions be tolerated We can no longer afford to squander our
lies the whole ~roblemof B~rthControl, how closely bound up treasury of human l ~ f e To persist In the face of the en
opinion of c~v~lizauon
m a
~t is w ~ t hevery phase of human health and happmess, how l~gbtened moral and sc~ent~fic
A
I
I
The Bzrth Control Revmu
4
suppressive p o l ~ c ythat IS not merely cost~ngmdhons of lwes
and dollars but IS In a d d ~ t ~ oactually
n
contr~but~ng
to the
psych~cand phys~cal decay of the race IS to m u t e certam
d~saster
Margaret Sanger has returned from her trlp to Europe and
has brought a report of the Conference of experts and specla1
~ s t swho met at The Hague, August 28th and 29th, where
methods of B ~ r t hControl were d~scussed
The alm of our Conference IS In whatever manner prac
t d and poss~bleto arouse the Amencan people, and espe
c~allyrepresentatwe ~ n t e l l ~ ~ men
e n t and women, out of that
mental lethargy and self sat~sfact~on
wh~ch1s the almost In
ev~tableoutcome of a widespread f a ~ l u r eto recognize or to
r e a l m the root of soc~alevlls Superfic~alremed~esmay be
for a short tlme amelloratwe But unless we exerclse the
courage and honesty to study all the neglected factors w h ~ c h
are contr~butmgto w ~ d e s ~ r e amlsery
d
and poverty, u n t ~ lwe
establ~sha program that can prevent mstead of merely at
temptmg to cure these evds, our human~tarlanand p h ~ l a n
throplc efforts can never become truly beneficla1 to the natlon
or the world
Mrs Donald R Hooker of Balt~more,Cha~rmanfor Mary
land, has accepted the cha~rmanshlpof the Conference From
tlme to tlme, d u r ~ n gthe sessions, Mrs Hooker w ~ l llnvlte
others to pres~de
It rs the duty, therefore, of that ever growlng number of
enlightened men and women who In the past have so cour
ageously a ~ d e dm~sunderstoodand mal~gnedcauses, to throw
all th ewe~ght of then mfluence and h ~ g h~ntell~gence
In
support of t h ~ scruc~aleffort to lay the foundat~onof an era
of human health and strength
THE CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Joseph Dunn has assumed charge of the glvlng out of all
~nformat~on
to the press
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER
COVER DESIGNAAPTIVE MOTHER
By Stephen Slndmg - - - - . . - EDITORIAL
- . - - - - . . - - EUGENIC VALUE OF BIRTH CONTROL PROPAGANDA
By Margaret Sanger - .. - - - .. - FAMILIES AND FAMINES IN CHINA
. - - B y H e l e n Ward Bromfield
B4BIES
- - - - - - - - - BIRTH CONTROL IN RELATION TO POVERTY,
- - - . - - By Edward G Punke
THE LOST CHILD By May Hunter - - .. .. - .
A TABLE OF OPINIOV
- - . - - ..
A DISTINGUISHED CHAMPION OF BIRTH CONTROL TWO
ILLUMINATING. BOOKS
- - - .. - - -~~
... . -SIDELIGHTS ON SELLING THE REVIEW
- .. ..
"INCREASE AND MULTIPLY''
- - - . ..
-
Wmston Church111
W ~ l h a mJ F ~ e l d ~ n g
Lydia Allen DeV~lbls,M D Bernarr Macfadden
V ~ r g m aYoung
Harnet M Ddla, Ph D ,
LL D
Mary Shaw
Professor Irvlng F~sher
Mrs Dexter Blagden
Mrs Donald Hooker
Sara Mess~ngStern
Mrs allace I r k m
Mary Wmsor
Mrs James Lees La~dlaw
Kate W Baldwm, M D
Mrs Donn Barbour
Mary Halton, M D
Mss Ernest Adee
Clara W Carter
Dr and Mrs Fredk Peterson Rev Arthur E Whatham
Dr and Mrs L Emmett Holt R a b b ~Rudolph I Coffee,
Mrs Maxfield P a r r ~ s h
Ph D
Mrs Homer St Gaudens
Lowell Brentano
J u l ~ e tBarrett Rublee
Mrs George H Day, Sr
Andrew H Green
Mrs W~lllamSplnney
Edrth Sw~ft,M D
Mrs Charles Tiffany
Mrs Lew~sDelafield
Mrs Ernest Poole
Professor Walter B P ~ t k ~ n Florence Bayard H ~ l l e s
W F Roble, M D
Florence Hlckcox Young
Florence Guertln Tuttle
John C Vaughan, M D
Mrs Wdllam A McGraw
Mrs S~meonFord
ARA E NIEMAN wlll be cha~rmanof the C o m m ~ t ~ eon
e
Hosp~tal~tyMargaret Sanger 1s cha~rmanof the Confer
ence Comm~tteeand Frances H Ackermann 1s treasurer
The Comm~tteefor the Mamtenance of Headquarters, under
the d ~ r e c t ~ oofn Mrs George H Day, S r , of Hartford, Conn ,
has been ~ncreased Conference Headquarters are alreadv
equ~ppedw ~ t hf u r n ~ s h ~ n gand
s all actlvitles are under way
Much of the furn~turehas been donated The telephone num
ber 1s Bryant 0248 ( m t h three extens~ons)
5
-
-
~
The present membersh~p of the Conference Commrttee is
as follows
1
3
~
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
THE BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW
104 F I F T H AVENUE
NEWYORK,N Y
VOL V
OCTOBER, 1921
No 10
Edztor
MARGARET
SANGER
Assocmk Edztors
FLORENCE GUERTIN TUTTLE LOU ROGERS
ANNE KENNEDY
BLANCHE SCHRACK
p r m $200 a )ear,
Publ~shed Monthly Subscr~pt~on
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Bundle rates $14 per hundred
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Entered as second claw matter March 11 1918, at the post office
at New York N Y , under the act of March 3, 1879
Issued on the first of each month
Address correspondence and make checks and money orders
payahlo to THE BIRTHCONTROL
REYIEW
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London W C Z
N o n c ~-When requestlug change of address, glve both old and
new address
The Bzrth Control Revuw
5
The Eugenic Value of Birth Control Propaganda
By Margaret Sanger
[Thefollowzng brzef statement of
the dependence of any sound and effectwe program of Eugenlcs upon Bzrth Control, cn mew of
the Second Internaronal Congress of Eugenlcs, recently held m New York at the Museum of
Natural H~story,assumes a peculutr tunelmess ]
S
EEMINGLY EVFRY new approach to the great problem
of the human race must man~fest~ t vs ~ t a l ~ tby
y runnlng
the gauntlet of p r e ~ u d ~ c erldlcule
,
and mlslnterpretat~on
Eugen~stsmay remember that not many years ago t h ~ sprogram
for race regeneratlon was subjected to the cruel r~dlculeof
s t u p ~ d ~ and
t y Ignorance Today Eugen~csn suggested by the
most d~versem ~ n d sas the most adequate and thorough avenue
l soc~alproblems The
to the solut~onof rac~al,p o l ~ t ~ c aand
most lntranslgeant and darmg teachers and sclentlsts have lent
then support to t h ~ sgreat b~olog~calmterpretatlon of the
human rave The war has emphas~zed~ t necessity
s
The doctr~neof Blrth Control IS now passlng through the
stage of r~dlcule, prxjudlce and m~sunderstand~ng A few
and freedom was
years ago t h ~ snew weapon of clvll~zat~on
condemned as immoral, destructwe, obscene Gradually the
crltlclsms are lessening-understand~ng is taklng the place of
m~sunderstandmg The eugenlc and clvlhzat~onal value of
Blrth Control IS becom~ngapparent to the enllghtened and the
lntehgent
In the hmlted space of the present paper, I have tlme only
to touch upon some of the fundamental conv~ctlonsthat form
the b a s s of our Blrth Control propaganda, and whlch, as I
thmk you must agree, ~ n d ~ c a tthat
e the campalgn for Blrth
Control IS not merely of eugenlc value, but IS practtcally
~ d e n t ~ c aInl Ideal w ~ t hthe final alms of Eugen~cs
people Such systems have In the past revealed then woeful
~ n a b l l ~ to
t y prevent the sexual and rac~alchaos Into wh~chthe
world has today dr~fted
HE ALMOST UNIVERSAL demand for pract~caleducat~on
In Blrth Control IS one of the most hopeful slgns that the
masses themselves today powess the dlv~nespark of regen
eratlon It remaln for the courageous and the enhghtened to
anwer t h ~ sdemand, to kmdle the spark, to d~recta thorough
educat~onIn Eugen~csbased upon thls Intense Interest
Blrth Control propaganda IS thus the enterlng wedge for the
Eugen~ceducator In answering the needs of these thousands
upon thousands of submerged mothers, ~t IS poss~bleto use t h ~ s
Interest as the foundat~onfor educat~onIn prophylax~s,sexual
hyg~ene, and Infant welfare The potent~al mother IS to be
shown that maternity need not be slavery but the most effectwe
avenue toward self development and self reallzat~on Upon
t h ~ sb a s ~ sonly may we lmprove the quahty of the race
As an advocate of Btrth Control, I wish to take advantage
of the present opportunity to pomt out that the unbalance
between the b ~ r t hrate of the "unfit" and the "fit," adm~ttedly
the greatest present menace to clvlhzat~on,can never be rec
t~fiedby the lnauguratlon of a cradle competltlon between
these two classes In thls matter, the example of the ~ n f e r ~ o r
classes, the fertlllty of the feeble mmded, the mentally defec
tlve, the poverty str~ckenclasses, should not be held up for
IRST WE ARE convmced that r a c ~ a lregeneratlon, llke emulat~onto the mentally and phys~callyfit though less fer
mdmdual regeneratlon, must come "from w ~ t h ~" n That tlle parents of the educated and well to do classes On the
t
a,~t must be autonomous, self dlrect~ve,and not Imposed from contrary, the most urgent problem today IS how to l m ~ and
w~thout In other words, every potent~alparent, and espec~ally discourage the overfertlllty of the mentally and phys~cally
every potent~almother, must be brought t o an acute reahzat~on defectwe
of the primary and central respons~blhtyof brlnglng chddren
IRTH CONTROL IS not advanced as a panacea by wh~ch
Into t h ~ sworld
past and present evrls of dysgen~cbreedmg can be mag1
Secondly Not u n t ~ lthe parents of the world are thus glven
cally ehmmated Poss~blydrast~cand Spartan methods may
control over thelr reproductwe faculties w ~ l l~t ever be pos
s ~ b l enot alone to lmprove the quahty of the generatlons of be forced upon soclety ~f 11 continues complacently to en
courage the chance and chaot~cbreedmg that has resulted from
the future, but even to mamtaln clvll~zat~on
even at ~ t present
s
level Only by self control of t h ~ stype, only by mtelhgent our stupidly cruel sentlmental~sm
But to prevent the repetltlon, to effect the salvat~onof the
mastery of the procreatrva powers can the great mass of
generatlons of the future--nay of the generatlons of todayhuman~tybe awakened to the great respons~bll~ty
of parept
our greatest need IS first of all the abll~tyto face the sltuatlon
hood
Th~rdly We have come to the conclus~on,based on w ~ d e w~thoutflmchmg, and to cooperate In the format~onof a code
and psycho
spread mvestlgatlon and expertence, that t h ~ seducat~onfor of sexual ethlcs based upon a thorough b~olog~cal
~arenthoodmust be based upon the needs and demands of log~calunderstand~ngof human nature, and then to answer
the people themselves An ~ d e a l ~ s code
t ~ c of sexual ethms, the questions and the needs of the people w ~ t hall the mtelh
Imposed from above, a set of rules devised by h ~ g h m m d e d gence and honestly at our command If we can summon the
theor~stswho fall to take Into account the hvmg condlt~ons bravery to do th~s,we shall best be servlng the true Interests
and deswes of the suhmerzed masses. can never be of the of Eugenlcs, because our work w ~ l lthen have a pract~caland
shghtest value In effectmg any changes In the mores of the pragmatic value
F
-
The B ~ r t hControl Revrew
Families and Famines in China
B y Helen Ward Bromjield
[Chzna has for centurm been the country of unrestncted over population The author of thls authentw artwle shows
cortcluszvely how large famdzes are there bound up wzth famzne and mlsery ]
W W O THOUSAND YEARS AGO, before Chma's teemmg
Centuries before the Chr~st~an
era arrlved and b~bllcal
1 hordes had reached the pmnacle of excesswe m~lhons, chron~clershad compded them anclent tales of traveller and
they rivalled the Romans In road buddmg Remamng mdes caravan and folk lore goss~p,and the love song of a desert
of anclent h~ghwaysstdl exst, sufficient to show the dextrous Arab had been woven Into the Psalms, the Yellow Rwerand remarkable workmanshlp wltb whlch they were con "The Sorrow of Ch~na"-had devastated an area so vast and
structed Part~cularlyIn the M ~ n gdynasty was road b u ~ l d ~ n gappallmg that ~t IS not aston~shlngto find the event recorded
an art In the Celest~alKmgdom, when transportation by hlgh w ~ t h sllghtly maccurate geographical spec~ficat~onsas a
way and water routes was at ~ t zenlth
s
Today, the roads are catastrophe of unwersal proportion,, for many tlmes, at In
llttle more than tra~ls,broken, dismembered and unserv~ceable, tervals of a few centuries, the Yellow R~verhas accounted for
impassable for vehdes, pedestrians or beasts, except where untold mdl~onsof the Yellow race
Were the Aslat~cpeople permitted to swarm Into the Un~ted
forelgn pressure has taken a band and fore~gncap~taland
States, In two generations our cmes would be as congested
interests demanded the establishment of communlcatlon
Of course, Chma IS the oldest race of wh~chwe have authen as them and the standard of h n g lowered to an unlmagln
t ~ crecord Her folk lore has penetrated every corner of the able d e g r e e n o t that the As~atlc1s mcapable of cleanlmess
globe In some d~stortedform Chmese ancentral worsh~p- where byglen~csurroundmgs prevall-but because of h ~ sun
quenchable deslre to reproduce h ~ sspecles as frequently as
the veneration for a father or ancestor, preferably remotehas lald the foundat~onfor all succeedmg rel~glons,each group posslble When excess In populat~onoccurs the standard of
lnventmg a superlatwe bemg and endowlng ~t w ~ t ha character comfort 1s proport~onately lowered, and m its wake follows
most su~tablefor ~ t sparticular needs, defendmg ~ t spropa the lnev~tablegrowth of vlce and lmmoral~ty In ev~denceof
ganda and doctrmes by sword, cruc~ficatlon, machmegun, tbls 1s early marriage and excesswe mfant mortal~tyamongst
llqu~dfire, polson, or starvatlon accordmg to the prevall~ng the lower classes where physlcal indulgence predominates
popular Ideas for most effectwely elrmmatmg d~ssentmgopln over athletics and intellectual occupation
Ions and destroy~ngcolnpetltlve creeds
The Moors belleve the world rests on the horns of a m~ghtv N ADDITION TO EARLY marriage, China tolerates poly
gamy, which agam st~mulatesthe creatlon of predestmed
hull, and that when h ~ sburden becomes ~rksome,~t requlres
but the toss of h ~ haughty
s
head to dlspose of the encumb hungry offsprmg who arrlve unheralded and undes~red, and
from whose restless ranks the plrat~calelement IS recruited
rance
Chma IS fortunate In the provlslon of numerous avenues and the lawless milllons upon whlch the m~lltarydraw for
through wh~chthe stram of over populat~onIS reheved, how troops
ever drastlc the means may seem to western mmds This
In parts of the Chmese Republ~c,m populous cltles as well
frequent adjustment of Chlna's c r ~ m n a lweakness by the as ~solatedcountrys~des,"baby towers" are mamtalned for the
exact~onsof nature m her ruthless demands of those who reception of unwelcome mfants A partltlon separates the
\lolate her codes, 1s momentardy pamful but wholly essential compartment for guls from the compartment provlded for
Plague, cholera, clvd war, earthquake, famme and flood have boys, tha tthe morals of these unwanted chlldren may not be
taken them steady toll wlthout percept~blylessenmg the dom contammated by assoclatlon Certainly ~f they are not lmmune
from evd In death ~tself a wall must be necessary for the
lnatmg evll
preservation of then Innocence Such fast~d~ous
d~scrlm~na
HEN THE TAIPING REBELLION occurred, M e was tlon, however, is not always observed, as holes m a city wall
beard about r in Amenca because it coinc~dedw t h serve equally well as a receptacle where unwelcome Infants
our own great struggle between the North and the South In may be cast to per~sh or take the scant chance of belng
for what? Usually the g ~ r lbab~es are con
1860 63 to the almost entlre exclusion of fore~gntop~cs,yet rescued-but
the T a ~ p m gRebellion was responsible for the loss of ap demned to such a fate, the boys bemg destroyed only when
or them phys~cal condmon renders them unable
prox~mately thrrty m~lllon lwes by massacre, dlsease and deform~t~es
starvatlon An entlre provlnce was depopulated, but so con to earn a l~vellhoodIn any capaclty whatsoever Panlcularly
gested were the adjo~nlngprovmces that w~thlntwenty years repuls~vespecimens are led about the streets to solmt alms
Certainly'
the overflow left llttle or no trace of the dlsaster wh~chbefell for themselves and t h e ~ r famllles-famihes?
vermln
c,
mfested
the stncken area, and when the recent fam~neof 1920 21 These unfit, tuberculous, leprous, s y p h ~ l ~ t ~
occurred thls provznce was one of the five faced wlth grlm mendwants produce them klnd as eagerly and as profusely as
starvatlon The Chmese qulver 1s filled to capaclty, but the the r ~ c hmerchant whose egotlsm demands prollfic progeny
s
to worsh~pat h ~ tomb
granaries are yawmng and empty
The Bwth Control Revzew
It brlngs no blush to our psalm smglng, self satlsfied rlght
eousness to be told that one fourth the world's lnhab~tants
exlsts In ab~ectmlsery, unnourished, unwashed, uneducated,
possessing the glft of art~culatlonwlthout the power of reason
and thought, dlfferlng only from lower anlmals In that anlmals
In a natural state select clean habltatlons and frequently bathe,
possess the ablllty to thlnk and are endowed wlth a normal
sense of justlce, so noticeably absent from our mclplent state
of clv~llzatlonthrough whlch we are slowly struggl~ngtoward
the hght
there will be four demandmg subsistence a generation hence
Even though the Chinese Government applied itself energeti
cally to the restoratlon of hlghways and lanes of travel, to
the reopenmg of her slugglsh canals, to the reforestation of
her barren plams and hdlsldes, to the ellmlnat~onof her m
competent mllltary forces, stdl the demand would exceed the
supply for a population so impetuously rushing Into a whlrl
pool
N THE FAMINE areas the magistrates posted notlces pro
hibltmg the sale of chlldren, and dealers engaged ln this
HE 1920 21 FAMINE spread over the greater part of five human traffic were arrested when apprehended and thrown
densely
provmces-390,000 square mlles con lnto prlson, but comparatively few were ensnared In the
talnlng 110,000,000 persons The extent of thls famlne's de meshes of the law, the dealers resortmg to many ways of
structweness wlll never be known Perhaps twelve mlll~ons evadlng the mjunctlons of author~ty,some using regular mar
would be a conservatwe estlmate of deaths resulting The rlage papers, others protecting themselves by preparing con
small field whlch comfortably provldes suffic~ent gram for tracts callmg for sale for hfe or for a term of years, money
three mouths In productwe years, may consistently demand was loaned and upon demandmg payment, chlldren were sub
economy when the ram god has not been generous, but ~t IS stituted, In many Instances the l ~ t t l eones were stolen outrlght
not equal to the occaslon when called upon to supply the I n one dlstrlct In South Chlhll not a great dlstance from
requirements of the rlce bowls of a baker's dozen
Peking, the Catholic slsters dunng the summer plcked up more
For the months of Aprll and May SIX mllllons of people than five hundred abandoned walfs In Shuntefu there were
were fed by the Unlted International Famme Rellef Committee approximately five thousand persons sold, the sales bemg con
wlth headquarters m Pekmg, thls m addltlon to the multitudes fined not only to chlldren but to adults as well
who had been malntamed In ratlons and clothing throughout
Reported by an lnvestlgator m Tze chow 112 persons known
the prevlous autumn and winter Sixteen mllllon Mexlcan to have been sold m t h ~ r t ythree v~llages
dollars were expended for necessltles the chlef of which was
klaollang (coarse Manchurlan mlllet) One Mexican dollar
per month was the estimated cost of feedmg a famlne refugee
The Chmese Government, bemg too busy wlth a Clvd War
in the contmuatlon of whlch Japan 1s mstrumental, had no
funds to contribute to then destitute civlllans, but the Go\
ernment and Mlnlstry of Commun~catlonswere generous m the
The uses to whlcb these persons were put were Adopted
donatlon of transportatlon fac~htlesand telegraphic require
chddreu, wlves, concubmes, actors, slaves and prostitutes
ments
In 1877 8 there were approxin~ately nlne mdhon hves
Of the mllllons saved through the indefatigable energy of snuffed out by famlne In the same general dlstrlct, but the
foreigners wlth the cooperation of the Chmese themselves to warnlug was unheeded and the mad man maklng competltlon
some extent, what will be the outcome7 No measure for hmlt
went on
mg b m h rate wlll be effected, and when the next famlne comes
Verdy, the bull upon whose neck ancestral worshlp rests,
as ~t surely will, for each survlvor of the famme tbls year must earn h ~ board
s
and keep, In Ch~na
BABIES
A few blocks away I saw one of the poorest quarters of
the c ~ t ) Consequently the streets swarmed wlth chlldren I
do not know whether ~t 1s true that most of these people are
But they have
~lliterate and deficient m then three R's
certainly learned somewhere to multlply Bables, babies every
where' Creepmg, crymg, runnmg, laughing, jumplng, fight
mg All dlrty, none pretty, many slck, crippled, deformed,
bow legged
The ash collector was there busy showermg h ~ sgray dust
over the whole block and Into everybody's throat Suddenly
were there, punchlng each other to galn across to the scene
They had become grave and vociferated uervousl)
-I wanna see the baby
-Let me'
-Let me'
A pol~cemanelbowed h ~ way
s
to the can, wrapped the little
corpse In a paper, put ~t In a large oatmeal box, saylng
-There 1s so many ot 'em, one more or less'
But the romantlc sentiment of the cblldren was hurt and they
shouted In a chorus
he crled out
--By Gosh, I got a baby'
He had found a baby In an ash can A premature baby, now
dead, not yet entlrely cold I n a jiffy a hundred chlldren
-Oh, not m paper' Not ln paper' You must bury lt'
Tlred w ~ t hmy head bent down, I went further, stopplng at
m Ratconul
all the ash cans and loolung lnslde -THE WALKER,
Lwmg
The Bzrth Control Revlew
Birth Control in Relation to Poverty
By Edward G Punlce
Fellow and Assutunt m Socwlogy, Unzverszty of Mcchzgan
DVOCATES OF unrestr~cted race fecund~ty are qulte They are to be found In such measures as the str~ctenforce
emphat~cIn thew behef that what they menacmgly call ment of compulsory education and chdd labor laws, the d ~ s
couragement of lrrespous~hleprocreation, and the llke The
"race sulc~de"IS a recent Invention of the devll, an effete mstl
to a
tutlon, spreadlng from P a n s over the world, and part~cularly rate of increase of the poverty group w ~ l lbe d~mln~shed
Into Amer~ca They would place ~ t s~nventlon somewhere salutary point by these varlous activities coupled m t h the
contemporaneous w ~ t hthat of the aeroplane or the motlon free d~ssemmatlonof contraceptlcs and lnstructlon In their use
plcture
E MUST NOT be led mto the behef that famlly llmlta
Perhaps it w ~ l lnot add any eth~calmerrt to the practlce of
t o n a c e sucde,'' IS new, or c o n n e d to cultural
o ntrace ~ t santhropological and h ~ s t o r ~ c a l
race l ~ m ~ t a t ~to
exlstence, but the fact remalns that populat~onI ~ m ~ t a t ~e~ther
on,
groups of an effete soclety The hmitat~onof populat~onhas
by mfantlclde or by the practlce of premature stdl b ~ r t h1s been In vogue throughout the entlre span of human exlstence
and has been employed all over the globe,-among all prlml
Among the prlmitlve and seml clvll~zedpeoples t h ~ stakes the
iorm of mfantmde, and abortion or fetmde
tlve, med~evaland more recent people Race l ~ m ~ t a t ~isonot
n
modern The recent element IU thls movement IS merely the
The Austrahan aborlgmes pract~cedmfantmde almost unl
d~scuss~on
of whether or not mature persons should know con versally, slnce they were nomadlc and the women could not
traceptlcs, whether race l ~ m ~ t a t ~mo~ng h not
t be practiced with
carry two ch~ldren Then, too, male jealousy comlng In, the
out c h ~ l dmurder or c r ~ m ~ n practlce
al
natlve men destroyed all half whlte ch~ldren The war hke
I n any consideration of the modem Birth Control movement natlves of New Zealand, on the contrary, seldom indulged In
1s necessary
a br~efh ~ s t o r ~ cperspective
al
~nfautmde,they wanted the boys for warrlors and the girls
First, however, a summary of the conclus~onsto be reached as breeders Among these b e l l ~ ~ e r e nMaori
t
the decim~nat~on
of war acted as a suffic~entpopulat~onalcheck The Papuans
will be glven
By $uch a summary ~t IS seen that some form of family of Geelv~nkBay, New Gumea, keep down the number of chll
or population l ~ m ~ t a t ~ISoas
n old as the human race, and has dren by abort~on, whlle throughout Dutch New Gumea the
accompan~ed~t durmg the whole of its long journey from the women wdl not rear more than two or three offsprings They
T r l n ~ man
l
of Java to the present day apartment house dweller
fear the food supply will be too scanty On the New B r ~ t a ~ n
S t ~ l l ,desplte such restrictions of race fecund~ty,the number Islands the women generally prevent the b ~ r t hof chddren untd
of mhab~tantsof the world has increased stupendously duvng subsequent to the second or fourth year after marriage, whde
the past century, mak~ngthe population problem one of great New Hebr~deswomen resort to ahort~onfor egolstlc reasonsslgmficance
verv s~milarto present day cultured women,-aften procuring
miscarriage by chmb~ngtrees or by carrylng heavy loads
HE PROSPECT OF overcrowd~ng,due to t h ~ senormous
Very simdar conhtlons prevad among the aborlgmes of
growth In the number of the mhabltmts of the world. Afr~ca Fr~tschremarks that fetlclde IS a comman custom In
has come to be met today by the modern sc~entlficform of South Afnca, hkewlse, the Bondei of West A f r ~ c astrangle
famdy I~mltatlon,the use of contraceptlcs T h e ~ ruse does an Infant at b ~ r t h~f the s ~ g n sare unfavorable Most of the
not affect necessar~ly-though ~t may and often does-the
portents refer to the prospect of a good or bad season for
surv~valrate, but merely controls the blrth rate Moreover, food On the Zanz~barcoast the weak and deformed ch~ldren
t h e ~ remployment does not lower the moral tone or lmpalr the are exposed to death The Hottentots of the south do away
health of the natlons and classes maklng a w ~ d euse of them, w ~ t hfemale twlns thru prlvatlon and neglect, the Kahyls of
on the contrary, t h e ~ rutlllzat~onmay ralse the moral tone and the north kdl all llleg~tlmate,incestuous, or adultr~nech~ldren,
Improve the health of the people resorting to them
and the Malagassans of Madascar destroy all ch~ldrenborn on
Another polnt to recognize 1s that a dlmlnut~onof the rate unlucky days W h ~ l ethe practlce meut~onedamong the Kabyls
of ~ncreaseamong the poverty classes is a prlme necessity for and Malagassans IS ch~eflyone of tabu, doubtless ~t had its
the elevat~onof the standards of those classes, and for then orlgln In the desire to h m ~ the
t number of offsprings
ultimate abol~tlon The extlrDatlon of those classes 1s the
~mmediategoal of all soc~allym~ndedpeople
ASIA cond~t~ons
are scarcely d~fferent Uutd very recently
Chinese pract~cedfemale ~nfant~c~de,-acustom
Furthermore, the free dlssem~nat~on
of contracept~veInfor hI:e
and materials to the Poverty group
help to lessen the hangover from barbanan days, and partly the outcome of
~ t srate of Increase, but such measures alone will not accom ancestor
The Khonds of Iudla k ~ l lcertarn female
pllsh that result to a suCc~entdegree for r a p ~ dsoc~alprogress
westermarc.
A
says
ceptlve ~nformat~on
and mater~als,other means are requlred
ployment of h o m ~ c ~ d ameans,
l
or exposure to privation and
9
The Bzrth Control Revaew
neglect, has for ages been a common practlce or even a gen enjomed by law It was also approved b j the most enlghtene?
among the Greek phdoaophers Plato condemned to death all
ume custom among varlous Hmdu ca9tes"
Nor 1s the Western Hem~spherean exception In the employ those ch~ldrenwho are mperfect In l m h s as well as those who
ment of populat~onl ~ m ~ t a t ~ oOvledo
n
says that when South are born of depraved cttlzens "
Says Anstotle
Amer~ca was first drscovered, the women of the m a d a n d
IS necessary to take care that the Increase of the people
"It
"pract~ced abort~onIn order not to spod therr bod~esby chdd
should not exceed a certaln number In order to a v o ~ dpoverty
bear~ng,"-a strategem of vanlty wh~chmany of then effete and ~ t concomitants,
s e d ~ t ~ oand
n other e v ~ l s "
s
swters today employ ass~duously S p ~ xand Mart~us,d u r ~ n g Of Rome Seneca observes "We destroy monstrous b~rths,
then travels In Braz~l,found that the women "untd they are and we drown unnaturally formed"
th~rty,procure abortron, to free themselves from the prlvatlons
Ov~d,Seneca, Plutarck, Favonnus and Juvenal speak of
of pregnancy and the trouble of bnngmg up chddren " Today abort~onas general and notorlous In anclent Rome D u r ~ n g
Amencan women may do the same t h n g to uphold them part the latter years of the Republ~cand early years of the Emp~re
In d a n c q clubs The South Amencan plams I n d ~ a nwomen, m f a n t ~ c ~ d merged
e
largely Into fetlc~de, wh~ch floursrhed
l l v ~ n gmuch on horseback, l ~ m ~ t ethen
d famhes so as not to among certam classes of the Roman populat~on
be hmdered In travellmg w ~ t hthem husbands When a trav
The wanlng Repubhc and early Emptre saw the advent and
eller reproached a woman of one of the South Amencan growth of C h r ~ s t ~ a n ~ The
t y r e l ~ g ~ oofn Jesus, tak~ng~ t eth~cs
s
I n d ~ a ntnbes for the practlce of mfantlc~de,McLennan says from the Jew~shmoral code, condemned mfantmde and abor
he rece~vedthe retort, "Men have no busmess to meddle In tlon allke The C h r ~ s t ~ adoctrme
n
m a ~ n t a ~ n eand
d stdl clams
women's affalrs" Do modern, cultured women have spunk that the soul or s p m t enters the chdd ~mmed~ately
upon con
enough to lnslst upon the management of them own affairs? ceptlon, d ~ f f e r ~ nthere~n
g
from the tenets of Islam, wh~chaver
S ~ m d a r l ythe Ind~ansof North Amerwa hab~tuallyemployed the soul comes after the fifth month of pregnancy From the
f a m ~ l yllm~tat~on The p l a ~ n sI n d ~ a n sof t h ~ scontinent re trme of ~ t advent
s
and early growth In Rome to the present day,
str~ctedthe number of the11 offsprmgs, whde the P m a s of C h r ~ s t ~ a n ~has
t y used every power In ~ t shands to extirpate
Ar~zonaand the Hyperboreans of the frozen northland stdl lnfantmde and fetmde Under ~ t Influence
s
the most repres
resort to mfantlc~deand fetmde
srve laws have been enacted,-laws pun~shmgwlth death and
Much more ev~dence show~ng the evtent and varlety of excommunlcatlon those practmng those vlces Its efforts have
mfant murder and abort~onamong prlmltlve and seml c~vll~zedbeen, however, m the maln unsuccessful
peoples m ~ g h tbe adduced However, ~t IS thought the fore
ty
for
ARTIALLY AT LEAST was C h r ~ s t ~ a n ~respons~ble
gomg w ~ l lsu5ce It IS seen Professor W G Sumner was
the severe penalt~esmdrcated tn the first of the f o l l o w ~ n j
just~fiedIn concluding "abort~on and mfantmde are so nearly
un~versal In savage hfe, e~theras egolstlc or group pollcj, quotamons
"In 374 ~nfantlc~de,"remarks Sumner, "was made a crlme
that exceptions to the practlce of these vlces are noteworthy
pun~shable by death Justman prov~ded that foundl~ngs
phenomena "
should be free Infantlade continued to be customary" Sum
OR WERE THE prlmttlve folk alone In those customs ner says further "When the Icelanders accepted Chr~stian~ty
a mlnorlty st~pulatedthey should stdl be allowed to eat horse
Those practices were more or less prevalent among the flesh and to practlce exposure of Infants "
peoples of antlque clvllrzat~onand durmg the clvll~zat~onal S~mdarly,In the old German law mfantlclde was severely
swlngback denommated "The M~ddleAges "
pun~shed The gurlty mother was burled alrve In a sack, the
Thus In anclent Greece and Rome the employment of Infant
law prescr~bmg,w ~ t hthe mgenlous fiend~shness of the age,
murder and fetwde were common and often enjomed by law that a dog, a cat, a rooster and a vlper should also be placed
Such methods of famdy l l m ~ t a t ~ owere
n
a part of the mores In the sack Mrs Margaret Sanger remarks that In Germany
Westermarck remarks of Greece
one sovereign alone condemned 20,000 women to death for
"The exposure of deformed and s~cklymfants was undoubt
mfant k ~ l l m gw~thoutnot~ceablylessening the practlce
edly an anclent custom In Greece, In Sparta, at least, ~t was
( T o be conrtnurd )
THE LOST CHILD
By May Hunter
Dear llttle heart that beat agamst mme,
Oh dream for a whrle so near,
And now I'm a f r a ~ dof the cold l ~ t t l eheart,
The cold and the st~llnesshere
The warmth and the glow of the sunshme you brought
W~thheldl ~ t t l eheart so soon-
Now l ~ f emust seem dreary and chdl henceforth
As seen by the hght of the moon
What hfe d ~ dI bnng you to share, llttle heart?
How could I feel ~t was good?
I 11 thtnk of the sadness you're spared, l ~ t t l eheart,
And my lost dream of motherhood
The Btrth Control Revaew
10
Opinions of the Conference by Members of the
American Public Health Association
NOTE-Second table by H H from answers to questzonnazre sent to members and other oficulls In forthcomzng
we wtll publlsh further compzlatzons from unzverszttes, varwlls znstuuttons, and people zn the publrc eye The an
swers to thls questwnnazre have been most gratzfyzng The reader ls asked to note the practzcal unantmzty of t k answer "yes"
to the questton "ould you like any lzterature on thls sublect (Bzrth Control) P", whereas the repltes vary to the questton
"Do you belteve zn a controlled bwth rate?" These two questtons have shown tlwt whether or not a gzven zndzvdual be
lleves m Bzrth Control, he as open mznded and glad of an opportunzty to ezamzne materull beanng on the sublect
issues
NAMES OF CITIES
INDIVtDUALS O F
A N D BOARDS OF HEALTH
WHICH ANSWERED THE
QUESTIOhNAlRE
I
I
,
Un~verslty of Wmonsln, Pathologmd Dept
Madlson, W s
R~chland W s , a doctor
Umrers~tyof Mlssoun, School of Engmeenng,
Columbla Mo
Un~versltyof mchlgan, Ann Arhor, Mleh
St Joaeph, Mo , a doctor
Fowlemlle, Mlch a Banker
I
I
I
THREE QUESTIORS ASKED O N
WILL YOU ATTEND THIS
CONFERENCL
No
No
I shall hope to do so
If held m Chlcago wdl attend
Yes
Busmess condrt~onsmake a
unposslble
I
I
WOULD YOU
TURE ON
QUESTIONNAlRE
LIKE
ANY LITERA
THIS SUBJECT
Yes
I
DO YOU BELIEVE I N A CON
TROLLED BIRTH RATE
Most cenalnly
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Heartlly m accord
Yes
My busmess now belng more
commercd than for past years
I belleve I can see great need
from both the ~ h v s ~ c aand
l
Yes
Truly yes
Detrolt, Mleh , a member
Jackson Mlch Health Dept
Umversay Health Serv~ceAnn Arbor Mv~lch
Washmgton D C , a member
Washmgton, D C , a member
Auburn, Mass a member
Freeport, N Y a doctor
Newad N J , statlstman
No I regret to say
Yes
Yes, ~f poss~bie
Nn
Slmmons College
Chlcago Ill, Health Dept of large newspaper
Phdadelph~a Pa a doctor
Ene, Pa a doctor
Harrisburg P a doctor Health Dept
Clnclnnatt Ohla doctor
Columbus Ohlo Health Dept
Delaware Ohlo, Ohlo Weslevan Unlversw
Raleigh docto;
Raleigh, N C three doctors
Deslre to, probably unable
Yes
Shall try
Expect to
lrnposslble
Uncertam
No
Cannot
Yes
No
Yes
Buffalo, N Y , Health Dept
Brooklyn, N Y member
New York N Y , doctor
Cambndge Mass, School of Pubhc Health
Harvard UNV and hlassachusetts Instrtute
of Technology
Amesbury Mass member
Salem Mass, member
Balt~mare,Md John Hapkms UNV School of
Hyglene ahd Publlc Health
F a d e l d Iowa Parsons ColleLe
Ames Iowa, lowa State College Dept of Bac
terdogy and Hyglene
Des Molnes Iowa U S P u b l ~ cHealth Servlce
Yes
Yes
Yes
If possrble
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Unable
Shall try
Yes
Yes
Yes
Certainly
Yes
Yes
Hope so
Probably
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yea
Yes
Can glve you no oplnlon at
Rlchmond Ind member
Spnngiield, Ill, registrar
Doubtful as have other meet
mgs confllctmg wlth thls
Do not expect to
Imposs~hle, date 1s at t m e
when cannot leave
Yes d poss~ble
Uncertam at thls t m e
Chlcago, Ill, doctor
Chrcnqo Ill, doctor
Chlcago, Ill, doctor
Chlcago Ill, doctor
Chlcago, 111 doctor
Chmgo, Ill, doctor
Ch~cago,I11 member
Chlcago. Ill doctor
Boulder Colo Health Dept
Coronado Cal , doctor
Kentfield Calif, member
Readmg, P a , member
Uncertain at this tune
Y e
Shall he unable to attend
Sorry cannot
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Probably not
Carroll, Iowa doctor
Unlversrty of lowa Dept of Soc~ology
Doubtful
Probably
Yes
Have not made up my mmd
Yes
Yes, favorably
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Have not definnely deaded
Belleve there IS some ment m ~t
Unprepared to answer
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
I
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Only under advlce of famlly
physman
Yes
Yes
Yes
I do
present
Yes
Yes Indeed
Yes
Yes
Yes, w ~ t hthanks
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Very strongly
Yes
Not ComDetent to state at tkus
date
Yes wnh restrlctlons
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
The Bzrth Control R e v w
11
A Distinguished Champion of Birth Control
T
HIS DISTINGUISHER Engl~shman,who 1s to speak pub mlnlster was absent from h ~ splace, and the Prem~erand h ~ s
hcly for the first tlme In Amer~caat the Birth Control colleagues llstened w ~ t hclose attent~onwhde then brlll~ant
Conference, 1s one of the most unfl~nchmgand clear s~ghtedof follower analyzed thew land taxes with mercdess sarcasm and
European publlc~sts HIS champ~onsh~p
of Blrth Control as sharp lnclslve comment It was done In perfect temper, and
the most fundamental necessity of modern soclety 1s based 11 as ~mmenselyadmlred "
upon a prolonged study of soc~aland economlc problem>
ROM 1910 to 1912 Mr Cox was a n Alderman of the Lon
Harold Cox b r ~ n g sto t h ~ sgreat queshon not the fiery en
thus~asmof youth-such enthus~asm1s too apt to flare up
don County Counc~l,an oRice that gave h ~ msplendld op
suddenly and as suddenly d ~ down
e
On the contrary, Harold portunlty to study the questions of poverty and over popula
Cox's conv~ctlon1s based upon thorough and w~despreadstudy tion In 1912 he assumed the e d ~ t o r s h ~of
p the Edmburgh
and lnvestlgatlon As the Yorksh~rePost once wrote "The Revsew, a poslt~onhe has held ever smce Many valuable
s
lnclud~ng
whole saence of figures 1s an open book to h ~ m " A br~ef papers on Birth Control have appeared In ~ t pages,
sketch of h ~ career
s
may ~ n d ~ c a the
t e sohd foundahons of h ~ s those of that h r ~ l h a n tchurchman Dean Inge
convlctlons concerning B ~ r t hControl
s
Cox
In the pages of prominent London d a ~ l ~ eHarold
Born In 1859, educated at Tonbr~dgeSchool, Harold Cox mlsses no opportunity to polnt out the Birth Control aspects
entered Jesus College, Cambr~dge,where he became pres~dent of the problems that confront Great Br~tarnand the world A
of the Cambridge Un~on-Mathemat~cal T r ~ p o sm 1882 Sub sk~lled and honest dmlectm~an, he 1s as energetic m h ~ s
sequently he lectured for the Carnbr~dgeUnwers~tyExtenaon attacks upon such reactlonary bod~esas the Elshops of the
T o acqulre first hand knowledge of worklng class cond~t~onsChurch of England as upon unthmkmg and superfic~al
h e worked for an entlre year In Kent and Surrey as an reformers
agricultural laborer Followed two years In the teachmg of
Harold Cox rlghtly looks upon thls great problem not as a
mathemat~csIn a Mohammedan College In I n d ~ a Mr Cox theoretical and prospective one "It IS actual and pract~cal
returned to England In 1887, and read for the bar But he The mherent power of Increase m our populat~on1s today be
finally deaded to enter ~ o u r n a l ~ s mFrom 1889 to 1904 he mg checked, and always has been checked Both the prudentla1
was secretary of the Cobden Club In 1906 he was elected to check of a controlled b ~ r t hrate and the punltlve check of an
"
Parhament as member from Preston
exaggerated death rate are today operatlve
HIS travels In the Orlent showed Harold Cox that m "these
N THE HOUSE OF COMMONS he won an env~ablerecord great hwes of human~tythe masses of the populat~on-partly
s
chd
for truth and honesty and outr~ghtspeakmg HE brlll~ant as from a chddhke obed~enceto r e l ~ g ~ o udogma-pour
luc~dlty,h ~ msstery
s
of fact compactly marshalled, Irrefutably dren Into the world w~thoutthe sl~ghtestregard for them pros
presented and sk~lfullydlummated by qulet flashes of humor, peck of malntenance 4s a necessary consequence the c h ~ l
e fl~es" From the pomt of vlew of the woman,
all made him an outstanding figure In the House He had the dren d ~ hke
power of holdmg h ~ aud~ence
s
spellbound, and t h ~ sled the Mr Cox also emphas~zesthe Importance of B ~ r t hControl
Manchester Dzspatch to name h ~ m
as "one of the finest speakers "If a woman IS called upon to have ch~ldrenas often as 1s
of the present generatlon" The Standard also spoke of t h ~ s phys~callyposs~hle,her hfe 1s one long ~llness,and her ch11
dren are denled that ~ n d l v ~ d u motherly
al
care wh~ch13 one of
g ~ f of
t c o m m a n d ~ nattention
~
"The dramat~cspeech of the mght was by Harold Cox the most valuable elements In the rearlng of fine types of man
When he first rose few men were In the House But as the hood and womanhood "
s ~ g n a lran through the lobby, readlng rooms and smok~ng
S FOR THE opposltlon from certaln phjslc~ansand the so
rooms 'Cox IS up' the House began to fill He grlpped the
called moral opposltlon of the clergy, Harold Cox ha.
assembly Into attent~on,and won a tr~umphnot only by the
courageous ~ n d r v ~ d u aof
l ~ht ~~ vlews,
s
but by the way In wh~ch pertmently remarhed, first of these 'Lmed~calmen" "The~r
condemnailon of Blrth Control carrles llttle we~ght In the
he got all men to h e n to h ~ m "
fact that the b ~ r t hrate among med~cal
On another occaslon the Dally Telegraph confessed that face of the stat~st~cal
Harold Cox qulte took the debatlng honors away from Lloyd men 1s lower than that m any other class In the community"
The clergy llkewlse has a low b ~ r t hrate "The real we~ghtof
George It descr~best h ~ soccaslon
"The debatlng tr~umphof the day belonged, not to Mr the oppo.~ty to Blrth Control comes from a sectlon of the
Lloyd George, but to Mr Harold Cox And surely few prl clergy of the establ~shedChurch of England, and from prac
vate members have ever had such a strlk~ngtr~butep a ~ dto tlcally all the clergy of the Church of Rome Both these groups
d
Yet the clergy of
them ~ntellectual powers as that s~lentlyp a ~ dto the member preach the duty of u n l ~ m ~ t eprocreation
from Preston hy the crowded state of the House of Commons the Church of England have ceased to have the large famllles
at the beg~nnlngof the sluing when he rose to contmue the for wh~chthey were once famous, and now rwal the doctors In
debate The Chamber was as full as it IS when some great them low blrth rate, the clergy of the Church of Rome are
measure 1s about to be mtroduced Hardly a mmlster or ex cellbate '
I
A
T k Bcrth Control Revlew
Two Illuminating Boob
THE NEXT WAR, by W11l Irwln
A Revzew by Florence Guertzn Tuttle
E
VERY INTELLIGENT Amerlcan should read Will Irwin's
book, The Next War, a work wrlt.ten not to suggest the
n e b war but to counteract the ,-rime of ,Ingoes and munltlon
makers who are already preparing for "the next war"
BY luck rather than by foreslgbt, Mr Irwin claims, Amer
]cans have been alven the dommatine. posltlon In the world In
the next quarter of a century What the Un~tedStates chooses
w ~ l llargely be the course of the other natlons Now 1s the
appomted tlme to begm actlon agalnst these self Interested
patrlots Mr Irwm affirms, and we are the appomted people
Can Amencans hope that t h e ~ rexample wdl ~nflucncewar
to pass as a human mst~tut~on?Mr Irwin shows us how
strongly Monarch~smwas once Imbedded In the warp and roof
of human actlvlties and slavery In the economlc l ~ f eof na
tlons Today monarch~smhas fallen and slavery 1s the brand
of a backward race A few strong natlons may put the taboo
upon future wars if beh~ndthem 1s the popular urge
Every
In particular
read The Next War and
especially Chapter
"War and the Race" to gllmpse her
-
-.
lndlvldua'
ln establishing peace
When enough
have really awakened to a full sense of
Own power and a
collective res~Onslblllt~
to the human
be
wars The conserving
race, there
prlnc~plewlll balance and gu~dethe destruct~veand combatwe
male A woman who w ~ l lthen permlt war, who w ~ l lco
operate In war, wdl be more of a d~sgracethan a pac~fistIn
the last war The real patrlotlsm will be to the human race
E WISH THAT Mr Irwm had seen fit to make more of
an a p p a l to emancipated Momen to reahze the11 own
moral lax~tyIn f a h g to grasp the fact that the11 mlsslon IS
not only to glve hfe but to guard ~t But lt IS something to
have the "Ace of War Correspo~dents"pomt out to women the
effect of wholesale slaughter upon the Me stream, to locate
the real Race Sumde of human Itfe Rome and Spam declmed
because perpetual wars kdled the strong youth, the potentlal
fathers of the future Evolut~onwas reversed by the select~on
of the unfitest, the perpetuation of the weak, the cr~ppledand
the undersued It IS somethmg for an expert on war to recom
mend Dr Dav~dStarr Jordan's "War and the Breed" Some
thmg ~mmeasurablewdl be g a ~ n l d~f t h ~ shook becomes pop
ular among women, a kmd of fundamental of What Eevery
Woman Should Know
Every youth also should read thls book, and k~ndredbooks,
untd he learns the true causes of war-the economlc rlvalr~es
of states, the explo~tat~on
of undeveloped peoples, the mad race
for low rates of labor and h ~ g hrates of Interest upon fore~gn
mvestments, and every phase of that "financlal ~mperlallsm"
that statesmen and economists acknowledge to be one of the
two chlef causes of modern warfare The second cause 1s
unfortunately by Mr Irwm m h ~ analys~s
s
of the occasions of
and
war-the accumulat~onof surplus populat~ons Sc~ent~sts
soclolog~stsallke today are acknowledging that 'Lexplos~ve
~o~ulatlons-such as Germany possessed In 1914 and Japan
IS ~ ' ~ ' " 6
danger signals
war and that
of the birth rate 1s a footpath to PGce Appeals to nat'onallsm
and perverted patrlotlsm wlll have less effect m l d a m ~ n gthe
youth of + natlon where the cold truth as to these two causes
of war are
In the curriculum of the land
book Is of value because he does
INALLY, MR
not merely show the ~rrefutabledestruct~veness of the
next war-the
Lew~s~te
gas that can be dropped from alr
planes to wlpe out whole clvlllan populat~ons,the germs that
can spread d~sease,the plant peds that may be loosened upon
the enem~es'gram crop to produ~ea rust whlch w ~ l starve
l
h~m
out Constructive methods of peace are also outllned-the
organlzatlon of fifty sovereign states to prov~dea mach~nery
of mternat~onalcooperatlon, as h e League of Nat~onsIS now
functlonmng, a collect~veforce to pun~shthe vlolat~on of
mternat~onal law, llmltatlon In armament by lnternat~onal
agreement, w ~ t hthe Un~tedStates leadmg, slnce "we have as
much economlc and lndustr~alpower to manufacture navles
and munltlons as any three Furopean nat~ons," lnternat~onal
agreement concernmg the d~stnbut~on
of raw materials, the
lnternatlona~lzatlonof export capital and tue abolltlon of
secret d~plomacyare some of the pract~caland constructwe
channels of organized world peace
The Next War IS a small book But ~t 1s so packed w ~ t h
facts, so pregnant w ~ t htruth that ~t should become a dynamic
force In s~lenclng
- those m~lltarlstswho have learned noth~ne
from the recent collapse of clvil~zat~on,
and who would con
tlnue the mad competltlon in armaments and the madder taxa
tlon of people already bent earthward w~ththe mll~tarybur
dens of the past
-
THE FOUNDATIONS OF FEMINISM, by Aaron Barnett
A Revzew by Blanche Schrack
W
E HOPE Mr Avrom Barnett ~sreslgned to the fact that
he wdl have to face the opposltlon of many of the most
promment Femmsts of our day to h ~ s~conoclastc book on
Fem~n~sm-"The Founda~~ons
of Femmrsm" Able wrlters
who have budt up then case for femmne superiority on Lester
Ward's Gynaecocentr~cTheory of Lfe, or on the convlctlon
that In the comlng together of the reproduct~vecells the male
cellule becomes fused and loses ~ t lndlv~duahty
s
In the female
cellule, wdl not take lundly to Mr Barnett's b~olog~cal
evl
dence that these thlngs are not so
But ne~ther1s Mr Barnett ant1 femln~st~cHIS proof of the
greater var~abll~ty
of women-that IS, of theu greater possl
b l l ~ t ~ efor
s attalnlng genlus, w ~ l lplease the Femlnlsts, but w ~ l l
doubtless arouse the Ire of all the SII Almroth Wr~ghtsand
the whole camp of the ant1 Femln~sts
The value of Mr Barnett's blologlcal argument lles precisely
The Bzrth Control Revzew
m the fact that it favors neither one s ~ d enor the other It
clears the air, and proves only one thing-that,
m his own
words, "Fem~n~sm
ne~therhas, nor requires b~ologlcal~ustifica
tlon " B~ologymay prove the greater variabihty of women,
but what soclety wants, after all, is not to know whether more
women than men are potentlal geniuses, but how to develop
genius m the greatest number of individuals, both men and
women
of
The polnt at Issue 1s not the superiority or infer~or~ty
woman to man "Woman's sphere" IS obviously comprised In
those actlvlties Ir soclety wh~chw ~ l lenable her to develop the
richest personality, to contr~buteto the greatest extent to the
progress of c~vlllzat~on,
and to glve blrth to the best possrble
race
NSOFAR AS Mr Barnett's arguments prove that m the
the sphere of motherhood woman can best accomplish these
thlngs, so far h ~ arguments
s
are sound Regard~ngthem en
trance Into the sphere of Industry he says "The economlc
stress whlch forces women into unllmlted competltlon wlth
men IS, I am certaln, harmful," but he reallzes here that the
woman problem becomes ~dentlcal w ~ t hthe labor problem
The fact that ~ndustry1s c r ~ p p l ~ nwomen
g
1s not In Itself any
evidence of thew unfitness for ~t The fault hes In the hard
condlt~onsof the mdustr~alsystem Itself, w h ~ c hcr~pplesmen
as well as women
But he misunderstands Ol~veSchremer In quotlng her sen
I
tence-"We
c l a m all labor for our prov~nce," as evidence that
women c l a m all the hard, monotonous work of the world as
the11 sphere What Olive Schremer was here contending for
was the removal of artlfic~al restrictions wh~ch excluded
woman from certam fields of actlvlty on the ground of her
sex alone We do not all want to he deep sea divers or cotton
t these actlvltles ~f one
mlll operatives, but we c l a m the r ~ g h to
of our sex deslres to do such work
In splte of the fact, however, that Mr Barnett th~nksthe
entrance of women In ~ndustryhas had a harmful effect on
them phys~cally,he realms it has had a real educat~onalvalue
"Confined to the home and home ~ndustr~es,
as they had
been m the past, the worldly expertence that IS necessary to an
intelligent understandlng of l ~ f ewas unknown to them W ~ t h
the11 entrance Into modern mdustry the great forces In our
o n become part of then every
modern complex c ~ v i l ~ z a t ~have
day hfe, and t h ~ sinvaluable educat~onhas brought an en
l~ghtenmentto woman that no end of preachmg or exhortation
could Impress upon her The d~slllusionmentthat labor b r ~ n g s
IS known to her, and the Ideal of an enhghtened career of
motherhood beckons to her"
Mr Barnett's book 1s a valuable add~tlonto the literature of
Femm~sm,and ~f much of h ~ crltlclsm
s
seems destructwe ~t IS
because he 1s convmced that "Femln~sm has now reached the
stage when a strong and v~gorouscatharsrs 1s the only thmg
that wdl energlze it" and we agree with hlm
Sidelights on Selling 'The Review "
By M a y Morgan
T
HE BIRTH CONTROL REVIEW was sold on Flfth Ave
durlng the M ~ l k Fund Dnve The host~lereception
glven to the magazlne and 11s sellers along the route of sale was
~ l l u m ~ n a t m gIt would seem that anyone on the streets that
day should have grasped the fact that ~f parents knew how to
llmlt the number of then ch~ldrento those they could support,
such glgant~cchar~tlesas a tag day Mdk Fund for under
nourlshed bables would be unnecessary
It IS pathetrc that what 1s for the advantage of the people
often has to be so pat~entlyand laboriously ~nstdled Con
servatlsm has been sald to be the "governor" of the human
race or otherwise we would be gnlng off at a tangent or whlrl
mg around In our oplnlons lrke a weather cock In a strong
breeze But ~f conservatism IS a regulator of customs and
bellefs, then the best that can be s a ~ dof ~ t IS
, that ~t IS often
so choked up by the cold accumulated 011s of prejudice that
~t retards progress by the slowness of ~ t revolutions
s
as much
as 12 stead~e~t The tlme wdl come when voluntary mother
hood wlll he recogn~zedas the most clvlllz~ng~nfluencethat
has been brought before the world slnce chrrstlan~tystruggled
~ t sway Into the mtelllgence and hearts of the people But
s
to get ounces
at present ~t IS t a k q tons of energy In ~ t behalf
of results
OR ALMOST SUPERHUMAN courage and persistence IS
requ~red m educatmg people to what IS so pla~nlv
obv~ousto the progresswe thmker And always acute psycho
log~calfinesse must be exercised In lead~ngvour p u b l ~ cup to
the Idea, and m patrent waltlng for the subs~dence of the
shock to the Ignorant or prejudiced mlnd before advancing
forward on another step If you have ever seen a fractious
horse broken, you w ~ l lunderstand somewhat the p o l ~ c ~ efol
s
lowed In accustoming the mlnd of the populace to a new Idea
Over and over agaln the Idea must be brought before ~t and
held there steadlly and pers~stentlyas a tralner leads a green
horse, whlch 1s to he broken to clty uses, up and down busy
streets and beslde runnmg electrlc cars untll the horse lrarns
he has a place In the streets and ceases to rear and plunge
and tremble at the movlng cars and clangng gongs
And on t h ~ spartrcular tag day, Into the crowd that had
collected on the sidewalks to watch the clrcus parade came we
wlth our BIRTH CONTROL
REVIEWS We all had experiences
and one In relatmg hers sald that one woman told her that
she would l ~ k eto shoot her for sellmg the BIRTH CONTROL
REVIEW A whlte halred refined look~ngold lady who was
collectmg money for the Mllk kund, and who had certainly
reached the age when actrng well bred should have been
second nature to her, but ev~dentlywas not, hysterically trled
to make her glve herself up to the pol~cefor arrest and bemg
The Bmh Control Revzew
not see why the presence of the paper should arouse such
antagonlsm, even though the Milk Fund ladles d ~ dnot agree
w ~ t h~ t spol~cies There are perhaps many thmgs of whlch
these unduly exc~tedladles do not approve, but we doubt ~f
they are as hysterical about all t h e ~ raversrons as they are
about Blrth Control If a recogmzed murderer had come
among them, mstead of our propaganda journal, ~t 1s a q u a
tlon d they would have been aroused to such expressions of
outraged feehngs
There IS no doubt that the vehement antagonlsm that 1s often
shown towards Blrth Control IS psychologcal, some s t ~ r r ~ nofg
unconscious or S U ~ C O ~ S C ~ O U
sex
S emot~on Sex relations m
dulged In IS one thmg, but sex relations &scussed 1s qulte
another From chddhood, as we all know, we are taught that
sex relat~onsand all correlatives are somethmg to he tabooed,
espec~allyIn conversation As the chdd IS the father of the
man, ~t 1s mherent In the adult to revolt when confronted wlth
d~scuss~on
of the questlon And the h ~ gwork of the cohorts
of the Blrth Control movement IS to wear away thls prur~ent
repugnance to d~scuss~on
of sex questions People must be
T THE PUBLIC LIBRARY those who were sellmg the come accustomed to ~t so that they wlll q u ~ tshy~ngat ~ t s
BIRTHCONTROL
REVIEWwere subjected to qulte a hum11 approach and use that energy to thmk, and ~t w l l then be
s
latlng experience There three or four women who were ac found that voluntary motherhood has been accepted at ~ t face
t~vely Interested ~n the M ~ l kFund demonstration accosted value Therefore Bnth Control propaganda and the BIRTH
REVIEWmust he brought before the p u b l ~ cat every
them about the BIRTH CONTROL
REVIEWIn qulte an abus~ve CONTROL
opportunlty, and so ~t behooves you to pass along the magazine
and personal manner
At the tlme our women came m front of the L~brarythere ~ n dto brmg the subject before your own small aumences at
were no demonstrations of any kmd gomg on, and they could every opportunlty In other words "do your ~ t ' "
unsuccessful pers~stedm standmg m front of her and clamor
mg "WE want to SAVE the bab~es,not KILL them " A l ~ t t l e
later on a man became rahld at the s~ghtof her magazlne and
announced to the crowd as well as to her, that he knew a
Chr~stlan woman who had grven b ~ r t hto fifteen chlldren
Our volunteer could not reslst snappmg back that she d ~ dnot
thmk the Lord would ser~ouslyobject ~f the woman were to
hold off havmg the s~xteenthfor a whde Occas~onallyour
sellers were bombarded w~thsuch ep~thetsas "absurd, ndicu
lous" and such ltke But to compenate for these they fre
quently saw both men and women look at them w ~ t hwstful
expression, but such IS the cowardness of human nature that
these men and women often had qot the moral courage to buy
before the crowd Many tunes men stepped unobtruswely up
to our seller sand passlng correct change would s~multaneously
take the paper displayed In them hand and d~sappear Per
haps the tlme wdl come when, thanks to Margaret Sanger and
her persistent courage, to d~scusssex matters w ~ l lnot be con
s~dereda ven~alsln
A
"Increase and Multiply"
ASHINGTON, AUG 30 -Some weeks ago Pres~dent
Hardmg, glancmg through tbe rotogravure semon of a
Sunday newspaper, noted the plcture of Mr and Mrs Dom
en~coZaccahea of New York C ~ t yand then slxteen children,
whereupon he wrote Mrs Zaccahea, congratulat~ngher on he
mg the mother of such a splend~dbrood and at the same tlme
statmg that he hlmself was one of e~ghtchlldren
In mentlomng the latter fact, he recalled that h ~ mother
s
In
her declmng years had once s a ~ dthat she would have been
happy to have been the mother of elght more llttle Hardlngs
"d she had her llfe to lwe over agam "-Speczal to the New
York Tzmes
-
WzJe
Husband
Landlord
WcJe
E~ghtdear ones I bore
I'd welcome erght more
I earn ten a week,
It just makes me sore,
I'd like twenty more
I'd hke twenty more
Ten Years Later
S~xteendear ones I bore,
I'd I ~ k esrxteen more
Husband
Landlord
F rJe
Husband
Landlord
Husband
Landlord
Now twenty I get
For my l~ttlechore
I'd l ~ k etwenty more
I want twenty more
Ten Years Later
Th~rtytwo k ~ d sI bore,
Gwe me thmy two more
My wages are fifteen,
The older the lower
I'd l ~ k etwenty more
I want twenty more
Ten Years Later
I've had slxty four,
Doctor, can't I have more?
I am nearlng my end
If my hfe I had o'er,
I'd learn to talk Engllsh,
Earn two dollars more,
And so try to keep
The old wolf from the door
I want twenty more
-The New Republzc
The First American
Birth Control Conference
Wdl be held
lo
New York Clty
November 11, 12, 13, 1921
Delegates should send them names to Conference Headquarters, Room 304,
117 West 46th Street
ALL SESSIONS
wlll he held at the Hotel Plaza
Friday, November l l t h , New Ball Room 1 0 A M , 2 30 P M and 8 P M
Saturday, November 12th, New Ball Room 10 A M and 2 30 P M
Cha~rman,Mrs Donald R Hooker, Baltimore, Md
DINNER
t o delegates and them fr~ends,Ball Room, 7 P M
Cha~rman,Mrs L e w ~ sDelafield and Mrs J u l ~ e tBarrett Rublee, New YorL C ~ t y
PUBLIC MASS MEETING
w ~ l be
l held at the Town Hall, Sunday, November 13th, 8 30 P M
Openmg d~scuss~on-"B~rthControl and Its Relation to Morallty "
Led by Margaret Sanger
Addressc'D~sarmamentand Nat~onalDefense " Harold Cox, M P , London,
England, Ed~tor,Edmburgh Revlew
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Mr and Mrs Thomas L
Julet Barrett Rublee
Chadbourne
Andrew H Green
Edlth Sw~ft,M D
Mrs Thcmas W Lamont
Dr and Mrs L Emmett Holt Mrs Lewis Delafield
Dr and Mrs Fredk Peterson Prof Walter B Pitkm
W F Roble, M D
Wmston Church111
Lydla Allen DeVilbis, M D Florence Guertm Tuttle
Mrs Ruth W Porter
Harriette E D ~ l l a ,P h D ,
Dr Lothrop Stoddard
LL D
Prof Irving Fisher
Mrs Henry Vlllard
Donald R Hooker, M D
Mrs Kate C Gartz
Mrs Wallace Irwm
Mrs W~llramA McGraw
Mr Herbert Croly
Mrs James Lees Laldlaw
Mrs Donn Barbour
Mrs Frank I Cobb
Mrs Charles E Knoblauch
Mrs Ernest Adee
Mrs Amy Walker F ~ e l d
Mrs Maxfield Parrish
Mrs Homer St Gaudens
E M East, M D
W ~ l l ~ aJm F ~ e l d m g
Bernarr MacFadden
V i r g w a Young
Mary Shaw Mrs Mmturn P~nchot
Mrs Robert C Grezorv
Mr Kendall ~ a n n l k
L h a n D Wald
Mrs Dexter Blagden
Sara Messing Stern
Mary Wmsor
Kate W Baldw~n,M D
Mary Halton, M D
Clara W Carter
Rev Arthur E Whatham
Rabbi Rudolph I Coffee,
Ph D
Lowell Brentano
Ernest H Gruenmg, Ph D
Dr S Adolphus Knopf
Mr Robert M Lovett
Mrs George H Day, Sr
Mrs W i l l ~ a mSpmney
Mrs Charles T~ffany
Mrs Ernest Poole
Florence Bayard Hdles
Laura Hlckox Young
John C Vaughan, M D
Mrs Smeon Ford
Prof James A F ~ e l d
Baroness Kelh~chlIsh~moto
Mrs Arthur L Lawrence
Dr May I B~gelow
Miss Margaret Davis
r
O
i
L
E
Y
On Sale Till December 1 ,
World's Greatest Books
A
T o Introduce o u r l ~ b r a r qof over 200 boks t o readers of T h e
Blrth Control Revrew we offer a n y of the f o l l o w ~ n gbooks a t
the unheard-of prlce of 10c each Many of these books would
cost f r o m $1 t o $3 ~f purchased In the ordinary way 111 expen
slve b ~ n d ~ n g sThls 1s strlctly a l ~ m ~ t eoffer-on
d
Deccmber 1
the prlce goes back t o 25c each-the regularly advertised prlce
If the postmark on your envelope shows t h a t your order was
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Order by Number
1 Rubalyat of Omar
Khayyam
2 Oscar Wdde s Ballad o
Rcsdnng J u l
3 Etchteen Llttle E s s a y s
Volt.,rc
G Do Maupassant s S t o n e s
7 ALnberalEducatron Tham
as Huxlcy
10 Shelley Franc,. Thompson
11 Debate on Rehgmn between
John Haynes Holmes and
C Borne
I2 Poe s Toiles
13 I. Free 111 a Fact or a
Fallacy? Debate
14 W h a t E v e w CVI Should
Know M r s Sanger
15 Balzrs s S t o n e s
17 On Walkmp Thoreau
I8 Idle Thoughts of an Idle
Fellow Jerome
19 Naetsche
Who W a s l$e
and What He Stood For
20 Let l Laugh Nasby
21 C m e n Merimee
25 Rhymmp D,ebonrry
26 On Camp t o Church Ber
nard Shaw
27 L a s t Days of a Condemned
Man Hvpo
P Tolention V o l t a m
29 Dreams Schremer
10 W h a t Life Means t o Me
Jack London
31 Pelleas
and
Mehsando
Maeterlmck
32 Poe s Poema
33 Brenn Smasher of Shams
34 Case of Bwth Control
35 Maxims of La Rochefou
cauld
36 Soul of Man Under S o c d
Ism W ~ l d e
37 Dream of John B d l
WtllMorns
36 Dr Jekvll and Mr Hyde
Stevens&
39 Dld Jesus E v e r Lave? De
bate
40 Hausc and t h e B r u n Bul
wer Lytton
41 Christmas Carol D ~ c h n s
42 From Monkey t o Man
43
. Marrmze and Dworce De
bate by Horace G m l e y
m d Robert Owen
U Aesop s Fables
45 Tolstot s S t o n e s
46 Salomc Wnlde
47 He Renounced the F a t h
Jack London
48 Bacon s Essav.
49 Three Laetuies on Evo
lutmn Haockcl
M Common Sense P d n e
~
~~
~~~
~~
Ilke-they a r e the hest In the E n g l ~ s hlanguage-and the entlre
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51 Bruno
tvrdom
HIS Life and Mar
row
54 Importance of Belng E a r
neat 0 Wdde
56 Wmdom of Inpersol1
57 Rnp Van mkle
58 Baccaccm s S t o n e s
59 Epigrams of Wnt
60 Emerson s Essay on Love
61 Tolstm s Essays
62 Schopenhaucr s Essays
65 Mcdltstnons
of
Moucus
68 S h a k e s ~ e a n . Sonnets
Aumlnm
70 L a m b s Essays
71 Poems of Evolvtmn An
thology
72 Color of Lde E Halde
man Julius
73 WhlBIan. Poem.
74 On Threshold of Sex
75 The C h o ~ u of Books
Carlyle
76 The Pnmce of
Pease
Bryan
78 How to Bo a n Orator
John T Altpcld
79 Enoch Avden
80 P d l a r s of Society Ibaem
81 Care of the Baby
82 Common Faults in W r i t
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83 Marnape I t s P a s t Pres
a n t and F u t u r e
Annie
Besant
84 Love Lettors of a Portu
geae Nun
85 Tho Attack on the Mlll
Emlle Zola
86 On Reading Geo Brandes
87 Love
An Essay
Mon
tmpne
M Vmd~catmn of
Thoma,
Panne Inge..oll
89 Love Letters of Mea and
amen of Genlus
91 Manhood
The F a s t s ol
Lafe Presented to Men
92 Hypnotnsm Made Plain
93 How to L w c 1W Years
Cornarcs
94 T n a l and Death of So
crate.
% Confesstans of am Opium
Eater De Qumsay
% Dxalo~uesof Plato
n How to Love
9J Tartvffe
Mallere
W The Red Lsugb
Am
dnyev
101 Thoughts of Pascal
102 Tal s of Sberlock Holmes
131 Rcdcmptma
Tolstot
I32 Foundatton. of Rehjron
133 P r m c ~ p l e s of Electncnty
135 Soctal~smfor Mdhonazrea
C
- -B -Shaw
136 Chdd Trannlng
I n H~~~ N U F S ~ .
1% S t u d k s u\ Pessunmm
Schopenhsuer
141 Would Practice of C h n s t
Teachmgs Make for Sosm
Propreas? Debate
142 Blomarck and the C e r m u
Emprre
I43 POW Leo a E n c v c l ~ a lon
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1 5 Great Ghost S t o n e s
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1% Andersen s F a u y Tales
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157 M1 P Alice in Wonderland
159 L ~ n c o l nand t h s Warklns
Cla..
160 Ingcrsoll s Lecture on
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H C Wells
192 Karl Marx and the Amer
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163 Sex Life In Gveoce an*
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I64 Msshael A n n e b s Sonnets
I s Discovery of tho Future
H C Wells
166 Enplmh as She I s Spoke
Mark T r a m
167 Rules of Health Plutarsh
168 Eplgramn of Wllde
169 Church Pmperty Be
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171 H a s L ~ f eAny Meanmg?
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I72 Evolutmn of Lore Ellel
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I74 Frco Speech T d of Wm
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175 Science of H u t o r y
Froudo
176 Four Es.ays
Havelock Ellts
177 Subjectmn of Women
John S t u a r t M ~ l l
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209 Aspects of Bwth Control
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210 The Stow Phdosophy
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211 Idea of Bod m N a t u n
John S t u a r t MU1
212 L d e a n d Character
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211 Lecture on Llncoln Robt
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214 Speeches of Lmcoln
215 T h e M~raculous Revenge
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216 W
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1 Are Yon A Thinker?
mdn o r wunldn u r those i n t e n d ~ n g
E v e r y -led
to be m a r r ~ e dm u s t read t h ~ sr e m a r k a b l e n e w
b o o k o n t h e sex p r o b l e m
"SEXUAL PROBLEMS OF TODAY" IS w r l t t e n
b y D r W ~ l h a m J Roblnson o f N e w Y o r k , a
s c l e n t l s t of w o r l d w ~ d er e p u t a t ~ o na n d t h e foremost author~tyon sex problems In a l l ~ t psh a s e s
I n t h l s b o o k , ' S e x u a l Problems of Today," h e
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before
"If I h a d thu book before I
O n e person writes
was marrzed ct would hove saved me a lzfetime of
mzsery "
PART OF CONTENTS
The Relatmns Betwccn the Thc Wife
Yo Danger of Race Sutelde
Sexes and Man r l n h u
m a n l t y to woman
Four Abrolutcly Infall~ble
Mcnns for the Preventlo"
I h e Doublc Stmdard of
of Conccptmn
Uorahty and the Effects
Women
Defendm~ Thetr
of Contmencc on Each Sex
Honor
Thc Psychology of Sex
The Woman rt Forty and A Wnfe and Her Husband
The Dan emus A e
M Y Sex Fropa&
B a r r x Unfarthfulness aad
Formvencrr
Contraccptton and Abortmn
The Gospel of Happmesa
The Duratton of Our Pas
.~.~~.
S,,",
To L~ghten the Burden of
the Illeg~ttrnateMother
Scparatc Beds
"Sexual Problems of Today"
contams 350 p a g e s c o n s l s t l n g o f 75 chapters of
v ~ t a Il n t e r e s t and 1s prmted on fine paper In clear
t y p e a n d b e a u t i f u l l y c l o t h bound
The prrce IS only $2 00 sent postpcud
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Order at o n c e
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Don't delay
II
Are you mterested In the
acttvlttes and progress o f t h e
Human Race 7
Have you g ~ v e nthought to
the mystery of L ~ f e ?
Has the Human Race a purpose In I ~ v ~ n gand
,
1s there
a destiny awaltlng the lrfe
of each and all?
Do we possess a Soul and IS
there a hfe after d e a t h ?
1 or centuries the m ~ n d o f
man has been occup~edw ~ t h
the eternal questlon of h ~ s
ex~stence-of where he come
from mhai he is d o ~ n ghere and
where he rr gorngA NEW EXPOSITION BY A DARING WRITER
A new book on thts subject by Joseph L e n ~ shas just
been a r ~ t t e nand publ~shed
I t deals wrth the great questlon of Me as no other
w n t e r has dealt a l t h ~t It answers the a b o \ e wtal
and purzlmg quest~onsIn a most darmg and courageo u s manner
~
"THE TYRANNY
of
By JOSEPH LEWIS
GOD"
IS the book s e n s a t ~ o nof the year
Clarence S Darrow, the emment attorney says I t I S a
clear statement of the subject bold and true, beyond
dlspute
Andre Tndon, the celebrated psychoanalyst
The
Tyranny o f God' IS a n excellent book I hope ~t goes
well as 11 1s a remarkable manual of human love
Rattonal Lwmg A fine l ~ t t l ebook every o n e should
read It wdl s t m u l a t e correct t h m k ~ n g
Sprmgfield Republican W ~ l lawaken the complacent
mmded and challenge them to thmk
D r P h h p G Peabody An admirable book Wdl do
a n Immense amount of good
Dr Frank Crane, the celebrated wrlter and lecturer
says Every person In the world t h ~ n k sabout God
It IS the most mterestmg of all subjects
The Tyranny of God by Joseph L e w ~ sIS w n t t e n w ~ t h
the fire and enthusiasm of convlctlon, and IS hterally a
d r a m a t ~ crnovlng plcture subject
If you enjoy r e a d ~ n gV o l t a ~ r e D a v ~ dHume Thomas
Pame and Ingersoll do not fad to read t h ~ se x p o s ~ t ~ o n
of that ever f a s c ~ n a t l-n a theme by the most dar1n.e
w r ~ t e rof them all l
If you are l o o k ~ n gfor a thoughtproduc~ngwork
'THE TYRANNY OF GOD"
I Sent poa~aidonly I
w l l be an mtcllectual treat to you Every
page IS a s t ~ kof mental dynrmxtel
If you are a thtnkcr ~f you are a progrcs
s t v e man o r woman tntcrestcd ~n the
problems of hfc The Tyranny of God
1s the OhE book you MUST read
Order your copy at once become ae
auamtcd wtth the last thouaht In mtcl
G E N ~ E M-Ewlosed
EV
find $2, for which p k ~ eSend me
'SEXUAL
PROBLEMS
OF TODAY,by Dr W m I Robinson, by
return moil postpo~d
Ccty or State
TRUTH PUB CO, Dept 2 T G ,1400 Bway , New York
GENTLEMEN
-Enclosed find $1 for whtch please send me
THE TYRANNY
OF COD," by Joseph Lewrr by return ma1
postpord
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BUILDING
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LJe
First American Birth Control Conference
WILL BE HELD IN THE BALL ROOM OF THE HOTEL PLAZA, FIFTY NINTH ST AND
FIFTH AVE ,NEW YORK, FRIDAY AND SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 11 and 12, 1 9 2 1
FRIDAY,NOVEMBER
11th
SATURDAY,
NOVEMBER
12th
9 30 A M HEALTH SESSION
9 30 A M OVERPOPULATION AND
Psychic Suppression-.ts
iesults
WAR
Indmdual and Racial HealthWorld Food Problem
Disarmament and Defense
Eugenics
2 30 P M SOCIAL PROBLEMS
2 30 P M LEGAL ASPECTS IN
TO DAY
AMERICA
Human Waste
ORGANIZATION
Delinquency
7 30 P M DINNERLabor
Hotel Plaza Ball Room
8 00 P M Private Contraceptive
SUNDAY,
NOVEMBER
13th, 8 P M
Session for members of hle&cal
TOWN HALL MASS MEETING
"Birth Control Is It Moral?"
Profession by invitation only
The Ftrst Amerzcan Brrth Control Conference
MARGARET
SANGER,
Chazrman
JULIET BARRETTRUBLEE,Vzce Chazrman
ANNEKENNEDY,
Executzve Secretary
CLARALOUISE
ROWE,Extenszon Secretary
FRANCES
B ACKERMAN,Treasurer
MRSDONALDR HOOKER,Chazrman of Sesszons
HARRIETT
E DILLA,Ph D ,L L B , Chazrman o f Exhzbzts
E NIEMAN,Chazrman Hospztalzty
Conference Commzttee
Mr & Mrs T L Chadbourne
Mrs Thomas W Lamont
Wmston Churchdl
Lyd~aAllen DeVdbls M D
Professor lrvlng F ~ s h e r
Donald R Hooker, M D
Mrs Wallace Irwin
Mrs k m e s Lees Laidlaw
Mrs Donn Barbour
Dr & Mrs Frederick Peterson
Dr & Mrs Ernest H Gruenmg
Mrs Wdlard Stralght
MIS John W~ntersBrannan
MIS John A Fry
Dr Charles G Taylor
DI & Mrs L Emmet Holt
Mrs Maxfield Pamsh
MIS Homer St Gaudens
Andrew H Green
Edlth Swdt, M D
Mrs Len,. L Ddafield
Professor Walter B Pltkm
Florence Guertm Tuttle
MI endall Bannlng
Mrs Ruth W Poner
Mrs Dw~ghtMorrow
Lothrop Stoddard, P h D
Mrs Wllllam A McGraw
Dr Anna Blount
Dr John Favrll
Mr Herbert Croly
Mrs Frank I Cobb
Mrs Charles E Knoblauch
Baroness Kelk~chrIslumoto
Mrs Amy Walker Fleld
Dr E M East
Wdham J F~eldlng
Bernarr MacFadden
Vlrglnla Young
Mary Shaw
Dr S Adolphus Knopf
Wrs Kate Crane Gartz
Mrs Henry V1llar.l
Dr Alrco Ham~lton
Mrs Walton Martm
Lllllan D Wald
Mrs Dexter Blagden
Sara hlessmg Stern
Mary Wlnsor
Kate W Baldwm, hl D
Mary Halton, M D
Clara W Carter
Rev h h u r E Whathnm
Rabbr Rudolph I Coffee, Ph D
Lowell Brenhno
Dr Mary I Blgelow
hfrs Robert B Gregory
Mrs Ernest R Adee
Bertha Rembaugh
Mrs Robert Bass
Mrs George H Day, Sr
hfrs Wlllram Spmney
Mrs Charles T~ffany
Mrs Ernest Poole
Florcnce Bayard H~lles
Laura H~ckoxYoung
John C Vaughan, M D
Mrs Slmeon Ford
Professor James A F ~ e l d
MISS Martha Dans
Mr Robert M Lovett
Mrs 1Z1nturn Pinchot
Mrs Arthur L Lawrence
Theodore Drelser
Dr Kenneth Taylor
Mrs Otto H Kahn
A Mrghty Plea for Justrce
WOMAN AND THE NEW RACE
By MARGARET SANGER
has spent her hfe pronng
MRSthatSANGER
to allow the women of the world the
r ~ g h tof voluntary motherhood 1s only for
human~tyto do just~ceto Itself, for humamty
would be the gamer The dwsemmabon of
knowledge concernmg the methods of contracept~onwould mean a better world m wluch
poverty and war would have a far more mconsp~cuousplace than they now hold
WOMAN AND THE NEW RACE
pass~onateplea for J U S ~ Cand
~ Havelock
Ell~ssays of ~t "Let ~t be read by every man
and woman who can read The sooner ~t IS
read and acted on, the better for the world"
18 a
II
Are Drugs
Ever Necessary ?
(A debate between Dr W J
Robinson and Dr B Liber) in the
Fall issue of the health magazine
Ratzonal Lzvzng, 61 Hamilton PI ,
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"The Chzld and the Home" by
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Are YouA Thinker?
Every marr~edman or woman or those lntendmg
to be m a r r ~ e dmust read t h ~ sremarkable new
book on the sex problem
''SEXUAL PROBLEMS OF TODAYn 1s wrltten
by Dr W ~ l l ~ a m
J Rob~nson of New York, a
scientist of worldw~dere utatlon and the foremost author~tyon sex pro?
&lems ~n all ~ t phases
s
In t h ~ sbook, "Sexual Problems of Today," he
answers the lntrmate sex questions that at one
tlme or another confront every man or woman
T h ~ sbook by Dr R o b l n s o n w ~ l lgtve you I n formation that has never been pubhcly prmted
before
One person wrltes "If I had thm book before I
was marrzed zt would have saved m e a lzfetzme of
mzsery
"
P.
A-.
RT
.
. OF
.
. CONTENTS
The Relatmna Between the
The Wife
N o Danger of Race S u m d e
Sexes m d M a n s Inhu
mlnlty t o Woman
Four Absolutclr Infall~ble
Means for the Prcvsntmn
The Double Standard of
Morality and the Effceta
of Lonceptton
of Contmence on Each Sex
Women D c f e n d m ~ Their
The Psychologg of Sex
Honor
The Woman a t Forty and
A Wife and Her Husband
a'*-The Dan e m u 8 A c
~ i e ' c m l t a t x o n of Offs nn.
MV ~ c h
rrooada
What t o Do wjth the %ro.
rltute and How to Abol
~ s hVenereal Dtseane
Contracept~on and Abortmn
The Woman Pays
The Questma of Abortmn
The Gorpcl of Happmess
The U'reekmg of Human
The Duratmn of Our Pas
Llfc and Happmcsr
s,ons
For Young Men
To L ~ g h t e n the Burden of
The Price of a &as
the
lllcg~txmatc Mother
Tortormg the W ~ f e When
Separate Beds
the Husband Is At Fault
Any one chapter IS alone worth the pnee of the book
I
"Sexual Problems of Today"
contams 350 pages conslst~ngof 75 chapters of
v ~ t a Il n t e r e s t and 1 s prmted on fine paper I n clear
type and beautifully cloth bound
The prtce rr only $200 sent postpaad
Secure your copy now w h t l e we stdl have the
p r l v l l e g e of sendmg ~t to you
Order at once
Don't delay
------.--------_-------COUPON
TRUTH PUB CO, Dept 19.5 P , 1409 B'way, New York
GENTLEMEN
-Enclosed
find $2 for whach ph.se
send me
"SEXUAL
PROBLEMS
OF TODAY,by Dr W m I R o b ~ m o n ,by
return marl postpad
The Thnnker
G Rod",
Are you interested In the
actrvrtles and progress o f the
lluman Race?
Have you gwen thought t o
the mystery of L ~ f e )
Has the Human Race a purpose in lrvrng and rs there
a destmy awaltlng the h f e
of each and all?
Do we possess a Soul and IS
there a h f e after death?
For centunes the mmd of
man has been occup~edw ~ t h
the eternal questron of his
ex~stence-of where he came
from, what he as dorng here and
%here he as gorng
A NEW EXPOSITION BY A DARING WRITER
A new book on thrs subject by Joseph L e w ~ s ,has lust
been w n t t e n and pubhshed
I t deals wrth the great questlon of 11fe as no other
w r ~ t e rhas dealt w ~ t h~t It answers the above v ~ t a l
and puzzlrng questions In a most d a r ~ n gand courageous manner
"THE TYRANNY
of
By JOSEPH LEWIS
GOD"
1s the book sensailon of the year
Clarence S Darrow, the emlnent attorney says I t IS a
clear statement o f the subject, bold and true beyond
dispute
Andrd Trtdon, the celebrated psychoanalyst
"The
Tyranny of God I S an excellent book I hope rt goes
well as ~t IS a remarkable manual of human love
Rataold L m a s A fine l ~ t t l ebook every one should
read I t w ~ l ls t ~ m u l a t ecorrect t h m k m g
Ph&p G Peabody, M D , Ph D , famous Boston physr
The Tyranny of God 1s a most profound thuthclan
ful c o m ~ r e h e n s l v eand altoaether admirable work I t
IS a force rn favor of rlght and most do ~ m m e n s egood
In the world "
E S B~sbeeof the New York Globe ' In The Tyranny
o f God there can be n o questlo: that Joseph L e w ~ s
has produced a remarkable book
Dr Frank Crane, the celebrated wrlter and lecturer
says Every person In the world t h ~ n k sabout God
1s the most interesting of all subjects
' k h e Tyranny aj God by Joseph Lewrs rs wrltten w ~ t h
the fire and enthusrasm of convlctlon and IS literally a
d r a r n a t ~ cmovlng plcture subject
If you enjoy readrng Voltarre Davld Hume, Thomas
Pame and Ingersoll d o not f a d t o read thrs e x p o s ~ t ~ o n
of that ever fascmatlng theme by the most darrug
wrlter of them all l
If you are lookmg f o r a thought producrng work
"THE TYRANNY OF GODn
wtll be an mtcllcctual treat t o you Every
p a e is a suck of mental dynamite1
If you are a thmker d you arc a progrer
s w e man or woman mterestcd In the
problems of lcfe The Tyranny of God
1s the ONE book you MUST read
Order your copy a t once become ac
quamted wlth the last thought m mtcl
lectual courage and progress
- - - - - - - - COUPON - - - - - - - TRUTH PUB CO, Dept 2 T G , 1400 Bway , New York
G E N ~ E ~-Enclosed
~EN
find $1 for w h c h pleare send me
'THETYRANNYOF GOD by loseph Lewas by return m a 1
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WOMAN AND THE NEW RACE
By MARGAREr SANGEK
BOOKS
CATALOGS
PERIODICALS
has spent her hfe provlng
MRtSh aSANGER
t t o allow the women of the world the
r ~ g h tof voluntary motherhood IS only f o r
h u m a n ~ t yt o do just~cet o Itself, for humamty
would be the gamer T h e d ~ s s e m ~ n a t ~ofo n
knowledge concemmg the methods of contrac e p t ~ o nwould mean a better world m w h ~ c h
poverty a n d w a r would have a f a r more mcons p ~ c u o u splace than they now hold
WOMAN AND T H E NEW RACE
1s a pass~onateplea f o r justlee a n d Havelock
E l l ~ ssays of ~t "Let ~t be read by every man
a n d woman who can read The sooner ~t IS
read and acted on, the better f o r the world"
$100
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The Objects of Marriage
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By Dr James Hegyessy-a book to g u ~ d e
women to health and happiness---------150
EHIS
......................
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Sanity in Sex
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Rachel
By Angelma W Grlmke A powerful
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Black people ...........................
165
Man and Woman
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BY Florence Guertln Tuttle The Psychic
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Women and World Federation
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read and studled by all women ----------- 1-60
The Small Fam~lySystem
Birth Control
In I t s Med~cal, Social, Economic, and
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By Dr C V Drysdale ------------------ 1 5 0
The Love Rights of Women
By Havelock E l l ~ s A book that every man
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The Century of the Child
By Ellen Key An d l u m ~ n a t ~ oof
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Ch~ld'sPlace In Society ----------------- 2 00
Population and Birth Control
A Sympos~um by W ~ l l ~ a m
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What Every Mother Should Know
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%*
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The Awakening of Woman
The Trlal of William Sanger
By James Waldo Fawcett ---------------
10
Uncontrolled Breeding
By Adelyne More A startlmg sc~ent~fic
treatlse on overpopulat~onas the cause of
war ....................................
100
Small or Large Families?
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60
Limitation of Offspring
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Adolescent g ~ r l s In
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The Law of Population
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