Human Sexuality
Exam II: Form A
4/9/2015
Name: ________________________________________ Student ID Number: _________________
1.
Of the following, which is necessary for testes to form during embryonic development?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
2.
Which of the following processes is affected by increasing levels of LH?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
3.
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus
Ductus venosus
A&B
B&C
Of the following, which characteristics are acquired after the 7th month of pregnancy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5.
Proliferation
Spermatocytogenesis
Spermiation
Spermiogenesis
None of the above
Of the following modifications to the fetal circulatory system, which connects the right atrium
to the left atrium of the heart?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4.
Y chromosome
TDF
Testosterone
A&B
A, B & C
Brain activity
Movement
Sensory function
Regulation of body temperature
A&C
Which of the following layers of the egg prevent the genetic traits from two species from
combining at fertilization?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Vitelline membrane
Corona radiata
Zona pellucida
A&C
A, B & C
6.
Which of the following types of cells are only formed if ovulation has occurred?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
7.
If Müllerian ducts develop, which of the following CANNOT be TRUE??
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
8.
End of embryonic period
9 – 12 weeks
17 – 20 weeks
21 – 30 weeks
31 – 40 weeks
The cortical reaction occurs in which of the following layers of the egg?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
11.
Gestation begins prior to fertilization
Gestation is longer than pregnancy
Gestation begins after the end of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
Gestation typically lasts 280 days
B&D
At which fetal stage does quickening occur?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10.
The embryo is genetically female
The embryo is genetically male
Testosterone is absent
MIH is present
The embryo has a female internal phenotype
All of the following are characteristics of gestation EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9.
Oogonia
Primary oogonia
Secondary oogonia
Secondary polar body
C&D
Corona radiata
Zona pellucida
Vitelline membrane
Chorion
A&B
Of the following, which is the fate of the trophoblast?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Trophoblast form the membranes that surround the developing conceptus
Trophoblast form the fetal side of the placenta
Trophoblast die and their contents are reabsorbed
Trophoblast produce hormones necessary for pregnancy
Trophoblast form the corpus luteum
12.
Of the following, which controls the number of spermatogonia that differentiate?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
13.
Of the following hormones, which affect the endometrium during the luteal phase of the
menstrual cycle?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
14.
The yolk sac provides nutrients during embryonic development
The amnion connects the fetus to the placenta
The chorion surrounds all other membranes
The allantois produces fluids that absorb mechanical force
A&C
Of the following, which is arranged in order from the ovary to the uterus?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
17.
Regulate flow of seminal fluids into the ejaculatory duct
Prevent reproductive fluids from moving into the bladder
Prevent urine from entering the vas deferens
Control the mixing of glandular secretions of the prostate and seminal vesicles
Control the movement of sperm from the rete testis into the epididymous
In regards to embryonic membranes, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
16.
Progesterone
Estrogen
hCG
Lutenizing hormone
A&B
Of the following, which is the function of the prostate spincter?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
15.
Testosterone
LH
FSH
A&B
A, B & C
Fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, fundus
Isthmus, fundus, ampulla, fimbriae
Fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus
Ampulla, fundus, isthmus, fimbriae
Infundibulum, fundus, ampulla, isthmus
Which of the following is NOT part of the female reproductive tract?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Adventitia
Internal os
Myometrium
Antrum
Muscularis
18.
Of the following processes, which occurs only after the nucleus of the sperm has entered the
egg?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
19.
If the gonadal ridge develops into ovary, which of the following MUST be TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
20.
Activation of sperm receptors
Zonal reaction
Synkaryon
Acrosome reaction
Cortical reaction
The embryo is genetically female
The Y chromosome functions normally
The embryo has a female internal phenotype
A&B
A, B & C
By the 6th month, the conceptus has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Brain activity
Head dimensions disproportionate to its adult size
Surfactant
Vernix caseosa
A&D
Use the following information to answer Question 21.
I
II
III
IV
V
21.
Corpora spongiosum
Ejaculatory duct
Glans penis
Bulbourethral gland
Epidydimus
Sperm can pass through which of the structures listed above?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
22.
I only
I, II & V
II & V
II, III & V
All of the above
In regards to the menstrual cycle, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
After reaching reproductive maturity, the menstrual cycle is controlled by
hormones made in the hypothalamus
The first day of the cycle corresponds to the last day of menstruation
Menses occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
During the secretory phase the endometrium thickens
Conception is only possible before LH levels increase
23.
Of the events listed below, which occurs after Stage I labor?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
24.
The presence of the cloasma indicates which of the following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
25.
hCT
Oxytocin
hCS
hPL
Progesterone
Which of the following processes creates a totipotent progenitor cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
28.
Corpus luteun
Placenta
Follicle cells
Posterior pituitary
Anterior pituitary
Of the following hormones, which reduces maternal use of glucose?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
27.
Stage 1 labor has started
Stage 2 labor has started
Fetal development has started
A woman may be pregnant
None of the above
Of the following, which produces hCG?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
26.
Effacement
Engagement
Formation of oxytocin receptors
Crowning
Dilation
Cortical reaction
Synkaryon
Meiosis
Acrosome reaction
Proliferation
The number of which of the following types of cells is increased by mitosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
Secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
A&B
29.
Which of the following occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
30.
Of the following, which determines external phenotype?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
31.
The endometrum thickens
hCG is produced by the corpus luteum
LH levels decrease
The Graffian follicle forms
A&D
Sex of the fertilizing sperm
Presence or absence of TDF
Presence or absence of testosterone
Presence or absence of MIH
All of the above
Why is human development described as “indeterminant”?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The biological sex of the embryo cannot be determined
The final fate of the cells in the blastocyst cannot be determined
The identity of the fertilizing sperm cannot be determined
During early stages of development, all cells retain the ability to form all cells of
E.
body
A&B
the
32.
In regards to the uterus, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
33.
All of the following development structures are likely to be present as the conceptus migrates
down the fallopian tube EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
34.
The mucosa is the elastic outer layer of the uterus
The external os of the cervical canal opens into the vaginal canal
The adventia is the thickest layer of the uterine wall
The myometrium connects the fundus to the ampulla of the fallopian tube
Rugae are ridges in the endometrium of the uterus
Vitelline membrane
Embryonic disc
Trophoblast
Zona pellucida
Ductus arteriosus
In regards to the initiation of labor, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Oxytocin is initially provided by the fetus
Oxytocin receptors are made in the endometrium of the uterus
Prostaglandins stimulate the uterine muscles
The placenta releases prostaglandins
Emotional stress causes the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary
35.
The vestibule develop from which of the following structures that are present during the
sexually indifferent phase?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
36.
Of the following types of cells, which are not found within sertoli cells?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
37.
E.
Mammary glands are covered by the muscles of the chest
Breast size is determined by amount of mammary tissue
The mammary glands are required for reproduction
All ducts of the mammary glands combine to exit through a single opening
center of the nipple
A&C
When during the menstrual cycle is it most likely to become pregnant?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
40.
Prior to the formation of the corpus luteun
Immediately after the LH surge
After the corpus luteum has degenerated
Two weeks prior to the start of menses
After ovulation
In regards to mammary glands, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
through the
39.
Spermatozoa
Spermatids
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
C&D
When are FSH levels highest during oogenesis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
38.
Genital tubercle
Urethral groove
Urethral folds
Labioscrotal swellings
A, B & C
During menses
Days 1-7
Days 8 - 14
Days 14 - 21
Pregnancy is equally possible at any time during the menstrual cycle
Of the following, which are produced during embryological development?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1st polar body
2nd polar body
Secondary oocyte
Primary oocyte
A&D
41.
Estrogen affects the menstrual cycle in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
GnRH levels decrease
LH levels increase
PRL and OT levels increase
The endometrium thickens
FSH levels decrease
Use the following information to answer Question 42.
I
II
III
IV
V
42.
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory duct
Corpora cavernosum
Bulbourethral gland
Epidydimus
Which of the structures listed above is/are located outside the abdominal wall?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
43.
Which of the following phases of the menstrual cycle describes uterine events and coincides
with elevated levels of progesterone?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
44.
Follicular phase
Luteal phase
Proliferative phase
Secretory phase
A or C
Which of the following processes destroys sperm receptors?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
45.
III only
I & III
III & V
I, III & V
All of the above
Synkaryon
Cortical reaction
Capacitation
Acrosome reaction
Zonal reaction
At the end of embryological development, the conceptus has all of the following characteristics
EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Lanugo
A beating heart
Nervous system
A&B
B&C
46.
In regards to menarche, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
47.
In regards to the blastocyst, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
48.
Chemotaxis
Zonal reaction
Cortical reaction
Capacitation
A&D
Hormonal control of male reproductive function may involve all of the following EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
50.
The blastocyst is surrounded by the vitelline membrane
When the corpus luteum does not produce sufficient amounts of progesterone, the
blastocyst may not implant
The trophoblast produces estrogen and progesterone to prepare the endometrium for
implantation
The embryonic disc becomes the placenta
All but C
Which of the following processes occurs in the female reproductive tract?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
49.
Menarche is associated with the first ovulation of an egg
Menarche is a term that refers to the first menstrual cycle
Progesterone is not released by the follicle prior to menarche
A&B
B&C
Sertoli cells
Leydig cells
Anterior pituitary
Hypothalamus
Spermatochord
Under which of the following conditions MAY an embryo develop a male internal phenotype?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The embryo is a chromosomally and gonadally normal female
The embryo is chromosomally female exposed to testosterone during the sexual
indifferent stage
The embryo is chromosomally male and does not produce testosterone during the sexual
indifferent stage
A&B
A, B & C