Vocabulary
Business Studies
Key Words
Profit
Costs
Revenue
Motivation
Labour Turnover
Recruitment
Primary &
Secondary
Research
4 Ps
Productivity
Efficiency
JIT
Market
segmentation
Quality
Demand
Market Share
SLEPT
Aims &
Objectives
Strategy
Recession
Unlimited
Liability
Stakeholders
Emphasis
above all
in particular
notably
specifically
more importantly
Comparison
equally
similarly
in comparison
likewise
to contrast
alternatively
despite this
Conclusion
to conclude
in conclusion
finally
Time
initially
then
next
afterwards
finally
subsequently
eventually
previously
Connectives
Contrast/Balance
however
nevertheless
alternatively
despite this
on the contrary
yet
whereas
Addition
and
also
in addition
further
furthermore
as well as
and then
Opinion/Interpreting
it would seem
it appears
obviously
possibly
it seems likely
presumably
one might consider
Restriction
only if
unless
except (for)
Illustration
for example
for instance
in other words
to show that
such as
an instance
as revealed by
Summary
in brief
on the whole
summarising
overall
to sum up
to recapitulate
evidently
Persuasion
of course
clearly
evidently
surely
certainly
decidedly
indeed
undoubtedly
Openings
Vary your sentence openers
Use a verb – an ‘ing’ clause
The constraining/ limiting
factor of this proposal ….’
Use an adverb – an ‘ed’ or a
‘ly’ clause ‘Constrained by X
the business would need to
….’ or ‘Consequently the
business must …’
Full stop
Comma
,
Commas are used 1) to separate the items in a list 2) to mark the
boundaries between main and subordinate clauses.
Speech Marks/Quotation Marks “ ”
These surround words actually spoken or exact quotations from
a text.
Exclamation Mark
Use a noun or adjective
‘The demand for the product
spanned the globe.’ or
‘Market research results
showed that…’
Question Mark
Use a preposition
‘In 1980s Britain…’ or ‘During
the recession…’
.
These are used at the end of every sentence.
Use a simile
‘Profits soared like an Eagle.’
Use a feeling Demotivated,
the employee resigned
causing…’
Punctuation
!
Used to emphasise something. Don’t use more than one.
?
Used at the end of a sentence that is a question.
Apostrophe
’
Apostrophes are used 1) to show possession (the cat’s tail) or 2)
to mark omitted letters (can’t, don’t, won’t).
Brackets
()
These are used to indicate extra information within a sentence.
Semi-colon
;
Semi-colons are used to join two related sentences together or
to separate items in a longer, more wordy list.
Colon
:
Used to introduce something, perhaps a list or quotation.
To improve your writing you must ensure:
Spelling Strategies
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Break it into sounds (d-i-a-r-y)
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What you are writing is appropriate for PALL (Purpose Audience Language Layout).
Sentences always start with a capital letter.
Sentences always end with a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark.
Vocabulary is varied – choose interesting words – use a thesaurus.
People, places and titles have capital letters e.g. Catherine, York, Kit-Kat.
A variety of sentences are used – simple, compound and complex.
Simple – The ship sailed away.
Compound – The ship sailed away and the blue sea sparkled in the sun.
Complex – Sailing into the distance, the ship disappeared on the horizon.
Writing is organised into paragraphs – start with a topic sentence and use the 3 ‘T’s rule.
You should start a new paragraph when there is a shift of topic, viewpoint or time.
Time – Finally, we all gathered together to sing around the camp fire.
Topic – Another factor to consider before travelling is...
Talk – “I’m not sure you should be doing that.”
“Why not?” asked the pupil.
Details are included by using adjectives, fact and opinions.
Spelling is accurate – use a dictionary.
A variety of punctuation has been used (. , ! ? ‘ “” ; : …).
To proof read your work aloud to ensure it makes sense.
Break it into syllables (re-mem-ber)
Break it into affixes (dis-satisfy)
Use a mnemonic (necessary – one collar, two sleeves)
Refer to a word in the same family (muscle – muscular)
Say it as it sounds (Wed-nes-day)
Use analogy (bright, light, night)
Marking Codes
Common Spelling Mistakes
Sp – spelling
achievement
beautiful
because
beginning
Pu – punctuation is incorrect and needs checking
committed
commitment
convenient
definitely
// -- new paragraph
environment
excellent
government
grammar
grateful
its/it’s
lose/loose
know/no
necessary
of/off
opinion
really
separate
technique
their/there/they’re
to/too/two
until
weather/whether
were/where/wear
which
Loss/Lose
Profit/Prophet
Business not Buisness
L1 – Knowledge
L2 – Application
L3 - Analysis
L4 - Evaluation