INSTRUCTION SHEET
BOYLE’S / CHARLES’ LAW APPARATUS - 1m long
Cat: MF0340-101 (combination Boyle’s and Charles’ without mercury)
DESCRIPTION:
The IEC Boyle's & Charles’ Law apparatus is a high quality instrument designed to perform
the standard experiments relating gas volume to gas pressure. The unit requires approx.
150gm of distilled mercury (not supplied in the kit). By applying several additional
components, the instrument can be converted from Boyle’s Law function to be the Constant
Volume Thermometer (Charles’ Law).
MF0340-101 combination Boyle’s & Charles’
Physical size:
250x140x1140mm LxWxH
Weight: 1.7 kg
Designed and manufactured in Australia by Industrial Equipment and Control Pty Ltd
Distributed by
Scientrific Pty Ltd
ABN 55 056 072 694
PO Box 420 Yamba NSW 2464
Phone (02) 6645 8111 Fax (02)66458125
INSTRUCTION SHEET
NOTE: When filling units with mercury, do not knock over or invert the unit or
mercury spillage will occur. Mercury is poisonous and should not be touched. In the
case of spillage, follow correct chemical procedures.
During storage and to prevent mercury spillage during handling, a rubber stopper may
be fitted to the mouth of the open glass tube.
Instructions for assembly and filling with Mercury are provided on this sheet.
KIT COMPONENTS LIST: FOR BOYLE’S LAW:
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1 pce
1 pce
1 pkt
2 pcs
1 pce
1 pce
1 pce
1 pce
LONG ALUMINIUM RAIL COMPLETE WITH 1m SCALE.
STEEL BASE PLATE.
SCREWS, WASHERS & NUTS FOR ASSEMBLY AND FOR SLIDERS.
ALUMINIUM SLIDERS WITH CLIPS FOR GLASS TUBES.
GLASS TUBE WITH OPEN END.
GLASS TUBE WITH CLOSED END.
RUBBER HOSE TO JOIN THE GLASS TUBES, 1M LONG x 3mm BORE.
INSTRUCTION SHEET with final assembly sketches.
ADDITIONAL PARTS TO CONVERT THE INSTRUMENT TO CHARLES’ LAW:
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
1pce
1pce
1pce
1pce
1pce
1pce
1pce
GLASS TUBE WITH REFERENCE MARK AND BENT LEG.
THIN WALLED GLASS BULB 50mm DIAMETER.
RUBBER JOINER PIECE.
‘L’ SHAPED WIRE SUPPORT LEG FOR GLASS TUBES.
RUBBER LOOP TO HOLD GLASS TUBE TO ‘L’ SHAPED SUPPORT.
WIRE FRAME FOR SUPPORTING A BEAKER.
GLASS BEAKER, 400ml
ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS - BOYLE'S LAW:
x
x
x
Unpack containers and check all parts are correct. Insert the two large headed screws
into the two aluminium slider plates with the screw head on the same side of the plate
as the spring clips. Place the large washer over the thread and fit the wing nut to the
thread. Do not tighten the wing nuts.
Lay the long aluminium rail on the table with the plastic end cap at the far end and fit
the two aluminium sliders to the rail by sliding the large screw heads into the slots
provided in the rail. The square shape on the screw will slide in the slot in the rail and
will prevent the screw from rotating. Be sure that the spring clips are on the same side
of the rail as the metric scale. Move the sliders along the rail to about the midposition and tighten the wing nuts gently.
Attach the steel base plate to the end of the long rail with the 4 small screws provided.
If the plastic scale protection strip protrudes from the end of the rail, cut the excess
with scissors or a sharp knife. Tighten the screws firmly and stand the unit upright on
the table.
Designed and manufactured in Australia by Industrial Equipment and Control Pty Ltd
Distributed by
Scientrific Pty Ltd
ABN 55 056 072 694
PO Box 420 Yamba NSW 2464
Phone (02) 6645 8111 Fax (02)66458125
INSTRUCTION SHEET
x
x
x
Take the two glass tubes (1x open end and 1x closed) and fit the rubber hose firmly to
the small end of the OPEN tube ONLY. To make the rubber fit more easily, wet the
end of the glass. Do not wet the inside of the glass tube or the rubber hose.
Take this open end glass tube and clip it into the spring clips of the right hand slider
so that the rubber is about level with the bottom edge of the slider.
IMPORTANT:: Take the free end of the RUBBER HOSE and temporarily clip it
into the spring clips of the left hand slider. Then adjust this slider so that the open
end of the rubber hose is about level with the UPPER end of the open glass tube
clipped to the right hand slider.
FILLING WITH MERCURY FOR BOYLE’S LAW:
IMPORTANT NOTE: Mercury is an expensive, dangerous and very poisonous
substance. Take care when filling the unit so that mercury is not spilled. Avoid contact
with the skin and follow proper procedures for clearing a spillage.
At this time, the rubber hose is clipped into the left hand slider and the open ended glass tube
is clipped into the right hand slider. The open mouth of the glass tube should be about level
with the open mouth of the rubber hose.
x
x
x
x
Take distilled mercury in a plastic dropper bottle and, very carefully, squeeze the
mercury into the right hand glass tube and the rubber hose until the level is visible
about two thirds of the way up the glass tube. Wriggle the rubber hose gently with
the hand to permit any trapped air to rise into the glass tube and escape.
Carefully lower the left hand slider with the rubber hose until the mercury is JUST
visible approaching the end of the hose. DO NOT ALLOW THE MERCURY TO
ESCAPE OUT THE END OF THE HOSE. Fit the small end of the closed glass
tube into the end of the rubber hose. Remove the hose from the clips and clip the
closed glass tube into the clips.
Adjust the two sliders so they are opposite each other and add mercury to the open
tube until it is again about two thirds full. Mercury should be seen beginning to enter
the closed tube. As the open tube is raised and lowered by its slider, the air in the
closed tube is compressed and the pressure rises in the closed tube. Use the vertical
scale to measure the air volume change and the pressure (difference in height of the
two mercury levels).
Finally, transfer a little air from the closed tube to the open tube so the mercury is
about 25mm up the closed tube when the sliders are level. This can be done by
unclipping and inverting the closed tube so that a little air runs backwards through the
mercury to the open tube.
NOTE: When filled with mercury, do not knock over or invert the unit or mercury
spillage will occur. During storage only, a rubber stopper fitted to the open glass tube
may prevent spillage.
Designed and manufactured in Australia by Industrial Equipment and Control Pty Ltd
Distributed by
Scientrific Pty Ltd
ABN 55 056 072 694
PO Box 420 Yamba NSW 2464
Phone (02) 6645 8111 Fax (02)66458125
INSTRUCTION SHEET
BOYLE’S LAW CALCULATIONS:
Boyle’s Law states that gas Pressure x Volume = a constant (k)
PV=k or V=k/P
Therefore, volume varies in proportion to the inverse of the pressure. Thus a graph of gas
volume directly to pressure will be a curve but the graph of gas volume (Y axis) to the
inverse of the pressure (X axis) should be a straight line with a slope of ‘k’.
Remember that air pressure around us already is pressurised to 100kPa (one
atmospheric pressure), therefore any reading must have 100kPa added to it to be the
true gas pressure. The added pressure on the air is created by the difference in height
of the mercury columns. When the mercury levels are exactly level, the added air
pressure is zero and the air is at standard atmospheric pressure (actually 100kPa).
Move the mercury in the open ended glass tube upwards to exert pressure on the air.
Take 6 or 8 different volume readings at different column heights.
Plot a graph of air column length (Y axis) to inverse of air pressure (X axis).
The graph of the gas volume plotted against the inverse of the total gas pressure should be a
straight line and should prove the linear relationship between volume and the inverse of
pressure as stated in 'Boyle's Law' of gases. The slope of the line (dY/dX) should be the
value of the constant ‘k’.
A different approach: Boyle’s law states that V1P1=V2P2=k, so therefore V1/V2=P2/P1.
Take two different pressures (add the 100kPa initial atmospheric pressure in each case) and
take the two corresponding volumes or lengths of air columns. See if the law is true.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONVERSION FROM BOYLE’S TO CHARLES’ LAW:
x
x
x
x
x
Remove the mercury from the Boyle’s Law. Raise the open glass tube 150mm
higher than the closed tube, remove the open glass tube from its spring clips and
invert it into a clean beaker to collect mercury. Wriggle the hose to collect all the
mercury.
When mercury stops flowing, refit the open glass tube into the clips and, if some
mercury is remaining in the closed glass tube, tap with the finger so that all traces of
the mercury falls into the empty hose.
TAKE PROPER PRECAUTIONS. MERCURY IS POISONOUS.
Remove the closed glass tube from the clips and carefully remove the hose from the
end of the tube. Fit the bent glass tube (from Charles’ Law kit) to the hose and fit the
tube into the clips.
Fit the two wire legs of the beaker support wire frame UPWARDS vertically into the
longitudinal holes in the face of the aluminium slider. The legs will wedge securely
into place and this wire frame will support a glass beaker that carries hot water to heat
up the air inside the glass ball (sometimes called ‘Jolly bulb’). Fit the short leg of the
‘L’ shaped wire support DOWNWARDS into the front longitudinal holes in the slider
so that the long leg stands out and pivots horizontally.
Designed and manufactured in Australia by Industrial Equipment and Control Pty Ltd
Distributed by
Scientrific Pty Ltd
ABN 55 056 072 694
PO Box 420 Yamba NSW 2464
Phone (02) 6645 8111 Fax (02)66458125
INSTRUCTION SHEET
x
x
x
With the two glass tubes side by side, pour the mercury into the open glass tube so
that the mercury reaches the reference mark on the glass tube with the bent leg.
Fit the rubber loop on the support wire and pass the leg of the glass 'Jolly bulb'
through the loop and join it to the bent leg with the rubber joiner piece. At this time
the horizontal glass tubes joined by the short rubber joiner should be firmly attached
to the ‘L’ shaped wire leg for strength and support.
Place a beaker of hot water on the support frame under the glass ball and immerse the
ball into the water. Soak the glass bulb in the hot water so that the air pressure rises
and the mercury is pushed down from the reference mark. Then raise the open glass
tube so that the mercury returns exactly to the graduated line (the original air
volume). Measure the water temperature and calculate the pressure applied by the
mercury to compress the hot air back to its original volume.
CHARLES’ LAW CONVERSION
Physical size:
250x140x1140mm LxWxH
Weight: 1.7kg.
Designed and manufactured in Australia
Designed and manufactured in Australia by Industrial Equipment and Control Pty Ltd
Distributed by
Scientrific Pty Ltd
ABN 55 056 072 694
PO Box 420 Yamba NSW 2464
Phone (02) 6645 8111 Fax (02)66458125
INSTRUCTION SHEET
ASSEMBLY DIAGRAMS
CHARLES' LAW
OR
CONSTANT VOLUME
THERMOMETER
BOYLE'S LAW
ALUMINIUM RAIL
AND SCALE
RUBBER
JOINER PIECE
'L' SHAPED
WIRE SUPPORT
RUBBER LOOP
OPEN END
GLASS TUBE
THIN WALL
GLASS BULB
BEAKER FOR
HOT WATER
CLOSED END
GLASS TUBE
CONSTANT VOLUME
GRADUATION MARK
OPEN END
GLASS TUBE
SLIDER
WITH CLIPS
WIRE FRAME TO
SUPPORT BEAKER
RUBBER HOSE
BASE PLATE
Designed and manufactured in Australia by Industrial Equipment and Control Pty Ltd
Distributed by
Scientrific Pty Ltd
ABN 55 056 072 694
PO Box 420 Yamba NSW 2464
Phone (02) 6645 8111 Fax (02)66458125