Airborne New and Advanced Satellite techniques and Technologies in A
System Integrated Approach
ANASTASIA User Forum
Navigation Achievements
S.Rollet, THALES
June 24th 2009
Toulouse
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 1
Study Logic
SP2
Conclude:
-GALILEO Receiver Perf. Consolidation
Needs & Requirements
-MEMS in Civil Aviation applications
Identify:
-User Needs & Aircraft Navigation System Designer Needs
-Critical Analysis of Existing Navigation Techniques
-Multipath & Interference Characterisation
-Inertial Sensors & Hyb Algo State-of-the-Art Analysis
Te
ch
no
Improve:
-Multipaths & Interference Mitigation Techniques
-Assessment of MEMS performance Trends
-Innovative Hybrid. Filter Architecture & Algo.
-Innovative RAIM Algo.
-Innovative High Accuracy Nav. Algo.
lo SP3
gi
ca
lS
tu
di
es
-Innovative Concepts
5 n
P
S atio
lu
a
v
-Experiment:
E
-Dual GPS Antenna/MEMS Flight Trials
-High Accuracy Navigation Flight Trials & Simulations
-Flight Trials for DME Env. Characterisation
-GALILEO Receiver Simulations
Prototype:
-GPS/GALILEO Antenna Mock-up
-GALILEO Receiver Mock-up
-Dual GPS Antenna/MEMS Mock-up
-High Accuracy Nav. Mock-up
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 2
Organisation: Navigation Team
SP2
SP5
SP3
SIREHNA
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 3
Identify - User Needs
The main challenges to be addressed by new navigation system are the
following:
Increase of air traffic density and safety
Reduce Environmental impact of air traffic
Improve air traffic throughput
In Bad Weather Conditions
On the airport runway
Improve Surface navigation for aircraft crew
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 4
Identify – Airframer Needs
Reduce overall complexity of A/C Navigation Systems
Decommissioning VOR, NDB or ADF equipments
Reduce Performance Constraints on Inertial Sensors:
Attitude Determination for aircraft Flight Control and autopilot relies on
Inertial Sensors.
Localisation & Heading Determination Inertial Performance may be
transferred to GNSS equipment
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 5
Technical Scope of ANASTASIA
Technological Study Assessing Potential Use of Future SpaceBased Navigation Systems in Civil Aviation Applications by
2020
Multi-constellation, multi-frequency GNSS receivers for real worldwide autonomous robust navigation
Low Cost Inertial Navigation Systems Assess Use of MEMS
Technology
Landing and Gate-to-Gate operations in low visibility conditions
ANASTASIA provides Technical Opportunities on Use of Space
Based Navigations System in Civil Aviation
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 6
Ar
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En
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RNP -1
Oc
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RNP -1
In Arri
ter va
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Identify – Navigation Phases of Flight
RNP -0.3
RNP -2
NPA
RNP -4 or 10
Landing Box
ANASTASIA Consortium
CAT -III CAT -II
CAT -I/LPV200’
LPV
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
DH: >350’
DH: >250’
DH: >200’
DH: >100’
DH: < 50’
RNP -0.1 to 0.3
VNAV/BARO
Page 7
Identify – GNSS Threats
Various Sources of Error:
Interference Environment
Multipath Environment
Signal Propagation Environment
Ionosphere
Troposphere
Ionosphere Scintillation Effects
Signal Shadowing & Fading Effects
GNSS Satellites
Orbit Determination & Clock Error
Satellite Failures:
Abnormal Range Error, Signal Unavailability
Signal Distortion: Evil Waveforms
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 8
Improve – GNSS Modernisation
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
GPS L1C/A
GPS L1C
SBAS L1C/A
GPS L1 GBAS CAT I
MRS GALILEO/GPS/GLONASS
GPS L1 GBAS CAT II/III
GPS L5
GLONASS L1
GLONASS L3/L5
GALILEO L1/E5
GALILEO L1/E5 world-wide Integrity
Multi-Constellation GBAS CAT II/III
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 9
Improve – GNSS Modernisation
1575.42MHz
E5a/L5
L1
1598.0625MHz
-7
E5
1176.45MHz
ANASTASIA Consortium
1606.5MHz
+8
E5b
1207.14MHz
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 10
Improve – GNSS Modernisation
Improved Robustness to Interference Environment
Improved Robustness to Multipath (mainly for Ground Surface Movement)
Improved Robustness to Ionosphere Errors:
Improved Robustness to Shadowing & Fading Effects
Improved Satellite Orbit Determination & Clock Error Intrinsic Performance
Improved Satellite Failure Monitoring: GALILEO world-wide Integrity
Service
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 11
Improve – Future GNSS Capability
GNSS
Configuration
Oceanic
RNP-4
GPS+SBAS or
GALILEO L1+E5
GPS+SBAS+GALILEO
L1+E5
GPS+SBAS+GALILEO
GIC L1+E5
GBAS GPS+GALILEO
L1+E5
RNP-AR
RNP-0.3
NPA
OK
GNSS Configuration
ANASTASIA Consortium
En route to
terminal
OK
LPV
OK with low
grade IRS
CATI
CATII/III
OK
OK
GAST F
SBAS: OK but regional
coverage
World wide RAIM: OK but
with certification cost &
institutional issues
OK in countries that accept
GIC or covered by SBAS
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 12
Improve – New Interference Threat
L1: Same Interference Environment than identified in GPS/SBAS standards
E5: Interference Environment for GNSS characterised as follows:
Spectral Separation 70dB
Keep One Signal when the other is interferred
E5a/L5
E5
1176.45MHz
E5b
70dB
Primary
Airport
Radars
1220MHz
1207.14MHz
Military
Radars
1215MHz
1213MHz
DME and TACAN Ground Beacons (up to 15kW)
JTIDS/MIDS Ground Beacons (up to 200W)
Specific High density Pulse Interference techniques
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
1206MHz
Specific Asymetric
E5b band reception
To protect against Radars
Page 13
Improve – Inertial Sensor Trends: MEMS Answer
INERTIA
Rate Gyro
A
Short term
Mid term
RLG
FOG for some (civil/SAR)
Long term
RLG = Ring Laser Gyro
FOG = Fiber Optic Gyro
RLG or/and FOG
(most competitive one)
Optical Gyro
0,1°/h
B
RLG
FOG
FOG - RLG
MEMS
MEMS Rate Gyros
1°/h
C
Accelerometer
A
0,1mg
B/C
Electromechanical
MEMS
Mechanical,
some MEMS
MEMS
MEMS
MEMS Accelerometers
MEMS
AIR DATA
Pressure Sensor
0,2 hPa
ANASTASIA Consortium
Mechanical
MEMS
MEMS
MEMS
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
MEMS Pressure sensors
Page 14
Airborne New and Advanced Satellite techniques and Technologies in A
System Integrated Approach
Navigation Achievements Video
ANASTASIA Consortium
ANASTASIA User Forum – Navigation Achievements
24.06.2009, Toulouse
Page 15