Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Contents
FOREWORD BY MEC NANDI MAYATHULA-KHOZA………………………………………………….............1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................................................... 2
1. BACK GROUND ........................................................................................................................................ 6
2. THE PROBLEM STATEMENT ...................................................................................................................... 8
3. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................…..12
4. GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOR FOOD SECURITY PLAN ...................................................................................... 21
5. TARGETS .............................................................................................................................................. 22
6. TARGET DISTRICTS, WARDS AND BENEFICIARIES...................................................................................... 22
7. ON-GOING PROJECTS ............................................................................................................................ 28
8. THE REQUIREMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE FOOD SECURITY PROGRAMMES ................................................ 29
9. PILLARS FOR GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN ......................................................................... 31
10. STAKEHOLDER MOBILIZATION ................................................................................................................. 46
11. COMMUNICATION................................................................................................................................... 46
12. COORDINATION, MONITORING, EVALUATION AND REPORTING .................................................................. 47
13. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................. 51
14. PLAN REVIEW ....................................................................................................................................... 53
15. LEGAL AND POLICY REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................... 53
16. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ...................................................................................................................... 54
17. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ............................................................................................................. 54
18. IMPLICATIONS........................................................................................................................................ 55
19. NEXT STEPS ....................................................................................................................................... 56
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 57
ANNEXURE 1: TERMS OF REFERENCE OF ADVISORY COMMITTEE...................................................... 61
ANNEXURE 2 LOGICAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................................... 64
ANNEXURE 3: GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY .................................. 70
ANNEXURE 4: GEYODI ................................................................................................................................. 79
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
ACRONYMS
AFASA
African Farmers Association of South Africa
CAADP
Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme
CASP
Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme
CBO
Community Based Organisation
COGTA
Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs
COPC
Community Orientated Primary Health Care Programme
CRDP
Comprehensive Rural Development Programme
CWP
Community Works Programme
DAFF
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
DPME
Department of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation
DRDLR
Department of Rural Development and Land Reform
DSD
Department of Social Development
ECD
Early Childhood Development Centre
EIA
Environmental Impact Assessment
EPWP
Expanded Public Works Programme
FAO
Food and Agricultural Organisation
GADS
Gauteng Agricultural Development Strategy
GCR
Gauteng City Region
GCRO
Gauteng City-Region Observatory
GDARD
Gauteng Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
GEP
Gauteng Enterprise Propeller
GHG
Greenhouse Gas
GHS
General Household Survey
GIFSS
Gauteng Integrated Food Security Strategy
GPG
Gauteng Provincial Government
HACCP
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points
HFIAS
Household Food Insecurity Access Scale
MAFISA
Micro Agricultural Financial Institution of South Africa
MDG
Millennium Development Goal
NAFU
National African Farmers Union of South Africa
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
NARYSEC
National Rural Youth Service Corps
NDA
National Development Agency
NDP
National Development Plan
NEPAD
New Partnership for Africa Development
NERPO
National Emergent Red Meat Producers Organisation
NGO
Non-governmental organisation
NPC
National Planning Commission
PCA
Potchefstroom College of Agriculture
PPP
Public-Private Partnerships
RDP
Reconstruction and Development Programme
SADC
Southern Africa Development Community
SAPPO
South Africa Pork Producers’ Organisation
SOAE
State-Owned Agricultural Enterprise
SRDP
Social Relief of Distress Programme
Stats SA
Statistics South Africa
TAU
Transvaal Agricultural Union
WRATI
West Rand Agricultural Training Institute
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
FOREWORD BY MEC NANDI MAYATHULA-KHOZA
I am delighted to present the Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan, a plan that seeks to realise
the constitutional right of access to food for all residents living in our province. Our Constitution
states in the Bill of Rights that “Everyone has the right to have access to sufficient food and
water”. And the Gauteng Provincial Government has resolved to ensure this constitutional right
is realised for all in our province, through the Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan, which sets
out a portfolio of targeted strategic programmes to address food insecurity in the province in a
comprehensive way, reducing the 2011 levels of hunger and inadequate access to food by half
by 2030.
A simple explanation of food insecurity is the inadequate access to enough food, due to
inadequate household production, insufficient income and weak purchasing power to
meet individual dietary requirements for an active and healthy life. According to the United
Nations Food Agency, some 842 million people, or roughly one in eight, suffered from chronic
hunger in 2011-13, not getting enough food to lead active and healthy lives. The report adds
that, despite the progress made worldwide, marked differences in hunger reduction persist.
Sub-Saharan Africa has made only modest progress in recent years and remains the region
with the highest prevalence of undernourishment, with one in four people (24.8 per cent)
estimated to be hungry.
For some of our poorest households, food accounts for a major part of the total expenditure;
thus, the price of food directly affects their food security. According to Stats SA 2012, 81, 5 % of
Gauteng citizens are food secure, and for that we should commend the hard work of our
farmers who work tirelessly tilling the land to ensure we have food on our tables.
However, the same survey indicates that 12, 6% of our residents have inadequate access to
food, while 5, 9% have severely inadequate access to food. That is extremely concerning and
should propel us to collectively seek solutions to address the challenge of food insecurity, to
ensure that no one in our province and South Africa as a whole ever goes to bed hungry.
The devastating reality is that for the chronically poor, poverty is likely to last for many years, in
some cases for entire lifetimes and through generations, unless addressed immediately. With
these heart-wrenching facts a daily reality for us all as South Africans, I trust that all sectors
called upon will join forces with Government in addressing the plight of our poor and ensuring
everyone is food secure in Gauteng.
I thank you.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Executive Summary
Food insecurity is caused by inadequate access to enough food (due to inadequate household
production, insufficient income and weak purchasing power) to meet individual dietary
requirements for an active and healthy life. Food security is a constitutional right in South Africa,
yet 18.5% of Gauteng’s population experiences difficulty in accessing enough food and nearly
one in five individuals live in poverty and experience hunger (Stats SA, 2011). While numerous
on-going projects are implemented by the Province, these are not coordinated into an efficient,
targeted and comprehensive programme. No comprehensive mapping of food insecure
populations in Gauteng is available to guide the targeting of communities, households and
individuals and assessments have been carried out to determine the impact of current
programmes and projects.
The Gauteng 20 year Food Security Plan, therefore, sets out a portfolio of targeted strategic
programmes to address food insecurity in the province in a comprehensive way, reducing the
2011 levels of hunger and inadequate access to food by half by 2030 namely:



No more than 5% of the population should experience hunger,
No more than 10% of the population should experience inadequate access to food, and
No more than 13% per cent should live in poverty by 2030.
Meeting these targets will take concerted, coordinated effort through carefully designed
programmes that meet the real needs of the food insecure portions of the population and
facilitate the inclusion of a large number of people into the economy through increased
agricultural production, improved purchasing power and sustainable livelihoods.
Following on from a 2011 Gauteng Food Security Summit, the food security situation in Gauteng
was established through a desk-top situational analysis of available data. Six pillars were
identified through two facilitated consultative workshops – one with national, provincial and
municipal participants and the second, with community members from the four Community
Rural Development Programme (CRDP) sites in Gauteng. The plan was finalised in consultation
with Provincial Management.
The identified pillars are:
 Pillar 1. Increase the amount of land under sustainable agriculture.
 Pillar 2. Intensify establishment of sustainable food gardens: Siyazondla
 Pillar 3: Intensify skills development and training on sustainable food production.
 Pillar 4: Accelerate facilitation of access to finance and markets for economic livelihood.
 Pillar 5: Mobilise partnerships to distribute nutritious and safe food for relief.
 Pillar 6: Climate smart agriculture and water management
The above mentioned pillars are in line with the Comprehensive African Agricultural
Development Plan (CAADP). While no comprehensive mapping of food insecure populations in
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Gauteng is available to guide the targeting of communities, households and individuals, the
starting point for identifying targeted beneficiaries is to identify these people from existing
service delivery records and identified poverty sites namely the:



Priority townships identified by the Gauteng Department of Health
50 poorest wards identified by GCRO (2012) in 2010
Four Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRPD) nodes (Devon,
Bantubonke, Hekpoort and Sokhulumi).
This is complemented through information from the Community Orientated Primary Health Care
Programme (COPC), Gauteng Department for Social Development household profiles, the War
on Poverty register, Food Bank registries and indigent registers with Municipalities. Liaison with
Municipalities is essential as these too have prioritised areas for targeted food security
interventions.
The overall budget for this plan is R50 million per annum with inflation adjustments from years 4
for 21 years. Once the key plan has been approved, the Province will develop the project detail
for each pillar. Ring-fencing a pool of resources specifically for food security and nutrition
projects will protect the budget and encourage inter-sectoral collaboration.
The Food Security Summit should continue to provide a platform for stakeholder engagement
and an opportunity for the Province to profile success stories and learn from reflection and
knowledge sharing. While the plan has been developed through consultation with national,
provincial and local government, it is important to workshop the plan with the private sector and
other relevant national and provincial departments before implementation. This should be
conducted as part of the national CAADP consultation process towards the development of the
national agriculture and food security investment plan.
As food security is multi-sectoral, multiple stakeholders will implement the plan. This will include
all social sector role-players in government (provincial and municipal), in collaboration with the
private sector organizations of civil society. One Department will take the lead for each
programme, coordinating and including other Departments as necessary. Annual performance
indicators need to encourage efficient partnerships between departments in implementing the
programmes of the plan.
The success of the plan will depend strongly on efficient coordination of activities, roles and
responsibilities. To facilitate and ensure this the following systems and structures are
necessary:

A comprehensive monitoring and evaluation unit needs to be established to establish a
baseline, monitor and evaluate programmes and determining impact. Progress towards
the goals should be reported annually. Coordination and integration with the Community
Development Services Model is essential for accurate profiling, targeting, referrals of
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan

beneficiaries and potential beneficiaries across sector services (Health, Social
Development, Education, etc.), monitoring and efficient use of resources.
A coordination structure is strongly recommended for the inter-sectoral coordination of
food security and nutrition programmes. This small unit should have at least three
officers responsible for:
•
•
•
Policy coherence and compliance
Programme implementation
Coordination, monitoring, evaluation and reporting.

The mandate of the Gauteng Food Summit Steering Committee will need to be extended
to form an Advisory Group of experts. Clear terms of reference are needed for this
committee and regular meetings need to be established.

A platform for engagement with the District and Local Municipalities needs to be
established as a priority to inform the municipalities of the Gauteng 20 Year Food
Security Plan, ensure alignment and elaborate systems for coordination, comprehensive
implementation and consistent monitoring and evaluation systems.

An independent advisory panel is established to guide the Food Security Steering
Committee and the Province in the elaboration of programmes and to undertake periodic
review of the strategy and programmes. This advisory panel should include experts from
research institutions, academia and the private sector.

A review of existing policies, strategies and programmes across the sectors related to
food security is necessary to identify areas of convergence, conflict and gaps and take
measures to align these and fill any gaps.

Developing a common understanding of the concept of food security and its complexity
is essential for comprehensive programmes implemented by multiple sectors. Continual
capacity development of all staff is necessary.

The research is needed to guide, direct and support the design programme and impact
assessment of the programmes presented in this plan. Careful integration of the findings
of the plan is essential to ensure quality implementation and ensure the goals of the plan
are met.
The Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan will need to be reviewed once the national food
security policy has been released. Regular reviews at the end of each three-year cycle are
necessary to review progress, review the programmes and assess impact.
Additional capacity may be necessary with regard to programme design, business plan
development (including costing), monitoring and evaluation, reporting and communication,
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
policy design and community-based skills for supporting the programmes on the ground. Intersectoral facilitation and team building for the core players in the programmes and committees is
strongly recommended.
It is essential that the Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan is broadly owned by the Province
and its stakeholders. While the plan has been developed from significant input provided through
two stakeholder workshops, once the plan is approved it will require consultation with senior
management, management from key sectors, the relevant National Departments, Municipality
Management and the private sector in to commit in implementing the plan. Holding discussions
with these parties is a crucial next step. Information dissemination and awareness building of
the plan is important to stimulate demand for the programmes from beneficiaries and to gain
support and partnerships from other public sector departments and the private sector.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
1.
Background
The South African Constitution (Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996) states in
section 7(1) and (2) and in section 8 that the South African Government is obliged to uphold and
implement the rights contained in the Bill of Rights. The right to health care, food, water and
social security is enshrined in section 27, which also obliges the South African state to take
reasonable legislative and other steps, within the context of its available resources, to
progressively give content to each of these rights:
“27(1) Everyone has the right to have access to –
(a)
(b)
(c)
health care services, including reproductive health care;
sufficient food and water; and
social security, including, if they are unable to support themselves and
their dependents, appropriate social assistance.
(2)
The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its
available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of these rights.
(3)
No one may be refused emergency medical treatment.
In respect of children, section 28(1) of the Constitution determines that every child has the right,
amongst others:
…
“(c)
to basic nutrition, shelter, basic health care services and social services;
(d)
to be protected from maltreatment, neglect, abuse or degradation.
The 1994 Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP: 1994) identified food security as
a priority policy objective. As a result, the Government reprioritized public spending to focus on
improving the food security conditions of historically disadvantaged people. That policy resulted
in increased spending in social programmes of all spheres of government such as school
feeding schemes, child support grants, free health services for children between 0-6 years, for
pregnant and lactating women, pension funds for the elderly, working for water and other
community public works programmes, food banks, provincial school, community and backyard
food garden initiatives, land reform and farmer settlement, production loans scheme for small
farmers, infrastructure grant for smallholder farmers and the Presidential tractor mechanization
scheme.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Food security is still amongst the top five priorities of government that aims to intensify the
existing food security programs to ensure food security for all. The Integrated Food Security
Strategy (2002) seeks to:




Overcome rural food insecurity by increasing the participation of food insecure
households in productive agriculture sector activities, since roughly 70% of the country's
poorest households live in rural areas
Match incomes of people to prices
Ensure that there are adequate safety nets and food emergency management systems
to provide people that are unable to meet their food needs from their own effort, and
Ensure that enough food is available to all, now and in the future
(Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries: 2002).
Currently, no national food security policy is in place to guide the drafting of national and
provincial strategies, policies and programmes although a number of government programmes
reflect improving food security and nutrition as a core strategic objective.
The need to develop a long-term food security plan for Gauteng aims to align programmes with
Outcome 7 (ensuring a vibrant, equitable and sustainable rural communities and food security
for all) (RSA, 2010), and the aims and objectives of the National Development Plan (NDP) and
the Framework (National Planning Commission (NPC), 2012) for the New Growth Path
(Department for Economic Development). They seek to reduce poverty, increase employment
opportunities and economic growth. However, the New Growth Path recognises that
sustainability, efficiency, and profitability are essential for long-term development solutions.
The 2011 Gauteng Food Summit identified the need for a Provincial plan to coordinate and
guide food security interventions in the province and guide food security interventions beyond
the Gauteng Integrated Food Security Strategy and Food for All Roll-Out Plan (2010 – 2014). A
consultative process was commissioned to identify the key food security challenges in the
province and possible programme approaches to addressing these problems. This plan
presents the outcomes of this consultative process. The plan follows on from the Revised
Integrated Food Security Strategy 2010 – 2014 but presents a comprehensive approach to food
security that goes beyond the integration approach to present an agreed-on provincial plan to
address the pressing issues of food insecurity to unlock economic growth.
As food security is multi-sectoral, the Gauteng Department of Agriculture and Rural
Development (GDARD) will engage other stakeholders in implementing the food security 20
year plan and will be implemented by all social sector role-players in government (provincial and
municipal), in collaboration with the private sector organizations of civil society.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
2.
The Problem Statement
Food security is defined as when “all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to
sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active
healthy life” (World Food Summit of 1996).
Food security is achieved when people are able to get enough food to meet their daily food
needs. Food may be acquired from: own production and/or market place. The definition of food
security implies that families do not need to worry about where their food will come from in the
future. The definition rests on food secure households having access to stable sources of food
supply or incomes to purchase food. This implies:





Production of enough food
Access, acquisition and entitlement to purchase food
That food is safe to consume
Utilisation is efficient
Preferences and cultural prohibitions are respected.
The absence of these elements leads to food insecurity. Table 1 below reflects the key causes
of food insecurity in Africa as identified in the African Union/NEPAD Framework for African Food
Security (AU/NEPAD, 2009) and the priority solutions.
Table 1: Causes and solutions to food insecurity in Africa (AU/NEPAD, 2009)
Food security causes
Food security solutions
Inadequate food crisis management at all levels
Reduced risk and improved resilience
Inadequate food supply and marketing systems
Increased supply of affordable food
Lack of income opportunities
Increased incomes for the poor
Hunger, malnutrition and poor diet quality
Improved diet quality – quantity and quality
Food prices have become a concern of people and governments since the high food price crisis
of 2008. Food price increases have continued since the 2008 crisis, with an upward structural
adjustment in prices evident and enduring high price volatility for grains, oil seeds and soya
(CSF HLPE 2011). Food, fuel and energy prices affect the affordability of food (determined by
income and purchasing power) and profitability of farming. Making food cheaper is only possible
through more efficient production, processing and distribution, but the prospects for cheap food
are eroded by the complexity of higher global prices for food and fuel as well as a weaker rand.
Improving the purchasing power of consumers is of great importance. This is achieved through
education, employment and improved worker efficiency.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Millennium Development Goal 1 speaks to food insecurity, setting out to reduce the proportion
of people experiencing hunger and poverty by half by 2015 (United Nations, 2012). While South
Africa and Gauteng are food secure at an aggregate level, hunger and food insecurity are a
daily reality for just under 20% of the population in the province (StatSA, 2012a). South Africa is
experiencing a decline in the commercial farming sector and changing consumption demand
(that moves away from locally produced staples to imported cereals and processed foodstuffs),
that will affect food security in future. Increased growth of domestic food supply is essential to
keep up with population growth, both in South Africa and the Southern Africa Development
Community (SADC) region and provide the basic staples that are typically not produced by
households themselves through home production (staple grains, proteins, oils and animal fats).
Stagnation of economic growth leads to rising unemployment and consequently, more poverty
and hunger. A multi-faceted approach to food security is essential to ensure the provision of
large quantities of key staple foods and ensure sound nutrition at household level through the
production of food for consumption and sale and income opportunities to purchase food and
other essential commodities and services (health care, energy, fuel, education etc.) (Hendriks,
2013).
While the smallholder sector holds great promise for South Africa’s future food supply, available
evidence suggests this sector still needs significant support to develop and offer significant
employment and economic growth potential. Recent findings from StatsSA’s (2012) analysis of
the General Household Surveys form 2002 – 2011 shows that agricultural production at
smallholder and subsistence levels is not providing enough food to secure constant access to
nutritious food for households. Unacceptably high levels of stunting in the country indicate that
children are not receiving adequate nutrition at crucial periods of growth and development (the
first 1000 days from conception to 2 years and the second 1000 days to age 5). Inadequate
nutrition affects development, ability to participate effective in society and the economy and
traps the poor in poverty. Addressing hunger and poverty in aggressive ways is a human
development imperative (Hendriks, 2013, CFS HLPE, 2012a, Hendricks and Drimie, 2011).
Climate change also pose an unprecedented test to farmers, who must produce enough food to
feed a growing population in the province, as they adapt their agricultural practices to an
unpredictable climate marked by extreme weather events and changing seasons. Smallholder
farmers can take advantage of already-existing practices and technologies to make a major
contribution to the mitigation of the sector’s GHG emissions. At the same time, they can benefit
from the positive side effects of mitigation - including increased production and income, (IFPRI:
2012).
Climate smart agriculture seeks to increase productivity in an environmentally and socially
sustainable way, strengthen farmers’ resilience to climate change, and reduce agriculture’s
contribution to climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing carbon
storage on farmland (World Bank, 2011). Climate-smart agriculture includes proven practical
techniques - such as mulching, intercropping, conservation agriculture, crop rotation, integrated
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
crop-livestock management, agroforestry, improved grazing, and improved water management but also innovative practices such as better weather forecasting, early warning systems and risk
insurance. It is about getting existing technologies off the shelf and into the hands of farmers
and developing new technologies to meet the demands of the changing climate (World Bank,
2011).
Food insecurity is experienced differently by different people. The intensity and duration of
experience differs, requiring a variety of programmes to reach people at the stage on a
continuum from starvation to food secure. Food insecure groups are not homogenous. The
experience of food insecurity can be described as a continuum from starvation (extreme food
insecurity) to food security (sustainable access to enough food to meet dietary needs both today
and in the future). The Figure 1 below illustrates the continuum.
Figure 1: The Food Security Continuum (Hendriks, 2013).
The depth of deprivation demands different programmes and interventions that meet the real
needs of people and ensure that the following food security elements are met:



Resilience to risk
Ability to access enough affordable food
Access to sustainable incomes to purchase food and
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan

Ability to enjoy a nutritious and adequate diet.
The key characteristics of people in the various points on the continuum are detailed in Table 2.
Table 2: Characterisation of the depth of food insecurity (Hendriks, 2013)
Severity of
deprivation
Characteristics
Coping strategies Types of programmes
(Maxwell
and
Caldwell, 2008)
Food secure
People with adequate
access to a diversity of food
through own production or
purchasing
Secure with
sustainable livelihoods
N/A
People
vulnerable to
becoming food
insecure in the
future
People with adequate
access to a diversity of food
through own production or
purchasing but who may
face problems with
accessing food or income
to buy food in future
Monitoring of essential
indicators as predictors of
impending crises if these people
become destitute.
Sustainable livelihood projects
People with subadequate food
intake
Seasonal deprivation and
people consuming diets
that are generally adequate
in terms of energy intake
but inadequate in terms of
nutrients.
May be forced to
switch to cheaper
foods and reduce
portion sizes and the
number of meals if
food supply and/or
income become
constrained or their
purchasing power is
eroded by increased
food, fuel, energy and
other essential
commodities
Will switch to cheaper
foods, reduce dietary
diversity, reduce
portion sizes and/or
skip meals.
People
experiencing
chronic hunger
People whose food
consumption is consistently
inadequate in terms of
energy and nutrients.
People
experiencing
acute hunger
People for whom hunger is
a daily reality for extended
periods of time.
Starvation
People consuming less
than 2100 kcal per day or
extended periods of time
Continual intake of
inadequate food
through severe
rationing of portions
and meals. Going
without food for part of
the week may be
common.
Severe deprivation
and constant hunger
Famine conditions if
wide-spread.
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Nutrition supplementation and
fortification
Nutrition education
School feeding
Home and community gardens
Sustainable livelihood
programmes
Social welfare grants
Food or cash transfers
Soup kitchens
Food vouchers
Public works programmes
School feeding
Food or cash transfers
Soup kitchens
Food vouchers
School feeding
Food or cash transfers
Soup kitchens
Food vouchers
School feeding
Therapeutic nutrition for children
and some adults
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
3.
Situational Analysis
Gauteng is the major hub of agribusiness in South Africa and plays a key role in national food
security, hosting the headquarters of most commercial agricultural and food companies, offering
a concentration of agri-processing infrastructure (plant, horticulture and livestock) and markets
(such as the fresh fruit and vegetable markets). Although relatively small in land area, the
proportion of the population residing in the province (23.7% of the national population in 2011)
and the population density are the highest in the country (StatsSA: 2012b).
3.1.
Population
Gauteng’s population has increased from 7.834 million in 1996 to 9.388 million in 2001 and to
12.272 million in 2011 (StatsSA, 2012b). This growth represents a 19.8% growth rate between
1996 and 2001 and a 30.7% increase from 2001 to 2011 (the highest in the country and double
the national change between 2001 and 2011). The population growth rate between 2001 and
2011 was 2.7% compared to the national rate of 1.5%. At the current rate of growth, the
population could reach 20.3 million people by 2030.
Roughly two million people indicated in the 2011 census that their normal place of residence is
outside of the Province, indicating a commuting population that generates income to take back
to communities outside of the Province. The Province is therefore supporting families outside its
borders in other provinces and a substantial number from other SADC countries.
3.2
Poverty and unemployment
While social grants have made a difference to the lives of the poor in South Africa, these grants
do not lift people out of poverty. StatsSA (2012a) reports that the number of people reporting
experiencing hunger between 2002 and 2011 has almost halved. However, to shift significant
number of people out of the trap of poverty, their incomes need to be substantially increased
through the creation of sustainable employment and business opportunities. While programmes
to provide for those not able to provide for themselves will always be necessary, the ultimate
goal of sustainable growth and development is to significantly reduce the numbers of people
reliant on the state or likely to become reliant in future (Hendriks et al, 2006).
The 2011 GHS (StatsSA, 2012a) results showed that 26.7% of households in Gauteng were
poor (Quintiles 1 and 2). (See Table 3).
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Table 3: Distribution of income (StatsSA, 2012a).
A poverty profile ranking showing Gauteng Local Municipalities is found in Table 4.
High levels of unemployment in South Africa cause individual and household food insecurity and
threaten national food security. Unemployment is roughly in line with the national average.
Provincial unemployment rates were reported as 29.9% in the Quality of Life Survey 2011
reported by StatsSA, 2012b) and 32.8% in the 2011 census (StatsSA, 2012b). The 2011 Quality
of Life Survey (GCRO, undated) reported that within the Gauteng City-Region (GCR)
unemployment is high (26, 9% quarter 1 2011 see Figure 3), and levels of economic and spatial
inequality and poverty (22,3% of households living in informal or traditional dwellings).
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Table 4: Poverty Index (GCRO, 2011b).
Local Municipality
Nokeng Tsa Taemane
Westonaria
Randfontein
Merafong City
Kungwini
Emfuleni
Mogale City
Ekurhuleni
Lesedi
Tshwane
Johannesburg
Midvaal
PovIndex
29.96
29.58
20.68
19.33
17.08
16.45
16.39
16.13
15.85
14.84
12.57
12.52
Figure 2: Unemployment rates per municipality in Gauteng in 2011 (GCRO, undated).
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
3.3
Food insecurity
Although no national database on food security and nutrition indicators exists (Hendriks, 2005,
2011), recent limited statistics from the General Household Survey or GHS (StatsSA, 2012)
provides trend data on the experience of hunger and access to food. The GHS (StatsSA,
2012a), measures ‘vulnerability to hunger’ as self-reported experiences of hunger among adults
and children in the 12 months preceding the survey (Table 5). A review of data from the surveys
(StatsSA, 2012a) showed that vulnerability to hunger dropped from 13.1% in 2002 to 9.8% in
2011.
Table 5: Household experience of hunger, 2002 – 2011 (StatsSA, 2012)
The experience of hunger and lack of access to adequate food in Gauteng is a concern that
needs to be addressed for social, economic and political reasons. The number of households
reporting experiencing hunger in the year prior to the survey in 2011 was 9.8% in Gauteng - the
lowest proportion per province and just lower than the national average of 11.5% (StatsSA,
2012a). Please refer to Figure 4. There was little change in overall reported access to food over
the period 2002 – 2011 (StatsSA, 2012a).
Page 15
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Figure 3: Household access to food, 2011 (StatsSA, 2012a).
The vast majority (81.5%) of Gauteng households interviewed as part of the 2011 General
Household Survey reported that they generally had adequate access to food. Those
households reporting severely inadequate access to food (households scoring 6 – 8 from a sum
of the responses to the questions reported in Table 2) in Gauteng in 2011 was 5.9% of the
population (compared to 6.5% for the country). See Figure 4.
Page 16
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Figure 4: Food insecurity in Gauteng from StatsSA (2012) based on the GHS 2011 and
Hendriks (2013).
While 12.6% of the respondent households reportedly experienced inadequate access to food
(scoring 2 – 5 as the sum of responses to the GHS questions in Table 6), compared to 14.6% at
national aggregation. The results show that at least one fifth of the sampled households in the
province experience difficulty accessing food and so run out of money to buy food, reduce
portion sizes, skip meals or eat food of little variety.
This amounts to 3.3 million people living in poverty, 2.3 million experiencing difficulty accessing
sufficient food and at least 1.2 million people experiencing hunger as daily reality. Gauteng has
a unique socio-economic context in that it is home to very large numbers of migrant workers
from across the country and from neighbouring countries. The income earned in the province
feeds millions of families outside the province. Gauteng had the lowest proportion of grant
recipients per population in the country (10% compared to the national 22.3% of households) in
2011 (StatSA, 2012b). South Africa’s comprehensive package of social protection measures,
including social grants for child support and disability, old-age pensions, feeding schemes and
public works programs has played an important role in mediating the social and economic
impacts of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
While not thought of as having a substantial rural population, Gauteng has a large numbers of
small holders - households that produce food to generate income, either as a main or additional
source (StatsSA, 2012a). Subsistence households are engaged in agriculture to produce a main
Page 17
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
or additional source of food (StatsSA, 2012a). In largely urban Gauteng, small-scale agriculture
will primarily be small-scale urban and peri-urban agriculture. An increase in the amount of food
being produced on small plots in Gauteng would have a number of benefits: “Production of
food in urban and peri-urban areas, in addition to improving the nutritional quality of the diet, can
become a valuable income-generating activity for the unemployed and underemployed and can
utilise spare and unused lands available in the cities.”(Kroll et al, 2012).
Table 6: Responses to food insecurity questions in the GHS, 2011 (StatsSA, 2012a) for Gauteng
GHS Question
Yes
(%)
No
(%)
Unspecifi
ed (%)
Total
1. Did the household run out of money to buy food
during the past 12 months?
If yes, has it happened 5 or more days during the past
30 days?
2. Did you cut the size of meals during the past 12
months because there was not enough food in the
house?
If yes, has it happened 5 or more days during the past
30 days?
3. Did you skip any meals during the past 12 months
because there was not enough food in the house?
If yes, has it happened 5 or more days during the past
30 days?
4. Did you eat a smaller variety of foods during the past
12 months than you would have liked to because there
was not enough food in the house?
If yes, has it happened 5 or more days during the past
30 days?
18.75
80.99
0.27
3771
30.98
59.41
9.62
707
18.54
81.36
0.11
3771
37.34
58.23
4.43
699
16.26
83.61
0.13
3771
36.38
59.38
4.24
613
19.23
80.67
0.11
3771
43.03
39.31
17.66
725
CGRO (undated) reports that in 2011, one in five respondents in the Quality of Life Survey
reported missing a meal in the past 12 months due to the lack of money to buy food. Eighteen
percent of respondents reported not being able to feed their children at least once in the 12
months prior to the survey (Figure 6). Unfortunately, this data does not present data on the
frequency of experience of hunger. It is fraught with recall and respondent bias. The GHS
survey reduces recall errors by only asking this experience for the previous 30 days, although
this survey too is unable to report on the frequency of the experience of hunger, asking only if
the condition was experienced more than five days in the previous 30 days.
CGRO (undated) also reports that six percent of respondent households reported eating one
meal a day, 31% ate two meals a day and 55 percent ate three meals a day in 2011.
StatsSA (2012a) reports that 21.5% of households engaged in agriculture in 2011 reported
secure access to food, 30% reported inadequate access and 26% reported adequate access.
Only 5.6% of households in Gauteng engaged in agriculture (commercial, smallholder,
subsistence and for leisure) in 2011 compared to the national average of 23% (StatsSA, 2012a).
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
StatsSA (2012a) reports that 21.5% of households engaged in agriculture in 2011 reported
secure access to food, 30% reported inadequate access and 26% reported severe inadequate
access.
A study by Selepe and Hendriks (2010), set out to determine the impact of home gardens on
nutrient intake, access to food and dietary diversity of pre-school children in an informal
settlement in Eatonside, Gauteng, South Africa. Children aged two to five years (n=40) whose
caregivers participated in a garden project participated in this study. Access to food and food
consumption improved with the addition of nutrient-rich produce from the garden. The increase
in dietary diversity was statistically significant. The mean nutrient intakes of iron and vitamin A
improved but energy and calcium intakes dropped marginally.
Page 19
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Figure 5: Distribution of households not able to feed their children in the 12 months prior to the 2011 Quality of Life Survey (GCRO,
undated)
Page 20
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
However, the improvements were not enough to overcome an alarming state of malnutrition or
ensure an adequate diet.
Rudolf et al. (2012) reported that 56% of sampled households were food insecure and 27%
severely food insecure according to the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) over
the month prior to the survey conducted in three areas of Johannesburg (Joubert Park,
Alexandra and Orange Farm). No statistically significant differences in proportions of
households classified by the HFIAS are reported, despite differences in the differences in the
locations that the study was carried out in. Higher levels of severe food insecurity were found in
a study by the University of Johannesburg in 2007 (De Wet et al, 2007 cited by Rudolf et al.,
2012), but the study selected the poorest households in the study sites, skewing the results.
In the study of the Mid-term Evaluation of Siyazondla Programme, Kroll et al. (2012) reported
that approximately one half of respondents reported experiencing hunger, 21% of households’
responses indicated moderate household hunger, and 3% of households’ responses indicated
severe household hunger. Differences in the household hunger scale and dietary diversity scale
scores between beneficiaries from various years of the programme suggest that the intervention
may be improving food security to a small extent. Forty three per cent (43%) of respondents
from all periods reported poor dietary diversity. This programme appears to improve dietary
diversity in the short term, but these improvements are not sustained.
This research found that most people who participate in the programme continue to garden, but
the sustainability of the programme could be improved by providing on-going support, investing
in the development of local capacity and social organisation, and increasing beneficiaries’
access to productive resources and sustainable gardening practices and resources (Kroll et al,
2012). The scale of implementation is inadequate considering the scale and severity of food
insecurity in Gauteng province. The 20 Year Food Security Plan will be used as a vehicle to
upscale and accelerate all food security interventions programmes.
4.
Gauteng 20 Year for Food Security Plan
Achieving food security for all citizens of the country is the ultimate goal of development policy
in South Africa. The vision for the Gauteng Province is to reduce food insecurity in the province
by half the 2011 levels by 2030.
The plan presents a portfolio of programmes needed to provides food for those who cannot
provide for themselves, protect those vulnerable to becoming food insecure or experiencing a
deeper level of deprivation and presents sustainable livelihoods options to stimulate economic
growth and increase individual purchasing power.
Page 21
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
5.
Targets
The Province seeks to halve the number of citizens that experience food insecurity in 2011 by
2030. This means that:

No more than 5% of the population should experience hunger,

No more than 10% of the population should experience inadequate access to food, and

No more than 13% per cent should live in poverty.
Meeting these targets will take concerted effort through carefully designed programmes that
meet the real needs of the food insecure portions of the population in a manner that facilitates
the inclusion of a large number of people into the economy through increasing their purchasing
power and creating sustainable livelihoods. Such actions will invoke citizen’s right to food and
government’s responsibility to respect, provide and fulfil their obligations to the right to food.
6.
Target districts, wards and beneficiaries
To use resources efficiently, the most needy households and individuals will be targeted. The
National Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Directorate (2006) identified people at
highest risk of food insecurity to be found in two, broadly defined, marginalized groups. The first
group - ‘working poor’ or the ‘under-employed poor’ are typically economically marginalized lack land, capital and tools, livestock, literacy and other formal skills. The second group – the
socially marginalized – are vulnerable because of gender (women and girls); age (children and
the elderly) or by illness or disability. This group forms the core of the chronically poor.
This is supported by the GHS 2011 data - close to 60% of households in the lowest income
Quintile in the country reported having adequate access to food, with 26% reporting inadequate
access and 16% reporting severely inadequate access to food (StatsSA, 2012a) in the 2011
GHS. Rural households reported lower access to food. Households headed by older persons
were less likely to report inadequate food availability than households headed by adults
between the ages of 35 and 59. The presence of elderly people was probably linked to access
to social grants (StatsSA, 2012a). Where more than half the members of a household were
children, the incidence of reporting of inadequate food access was higher.
Page 22
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Two consultative workshops in 2012 and 2013 identified the following people as food insecure
in Gauteng (Hendriks, 2012c, 2012d) (Table 7).
Table 7: Characterisation of those experiencing food insecurity in Gauteng (Source: GDARD
Consultation Workshop Report, Hendriks 2012)
Level of deprivation
People who may experience this level of deprivation
in Gauteng
People vulnerable to becoming food
insecure in the future
Growth in families (family size)
Casual workers
Volunteers who earn a stipend (especially in a dry season)
Social grants
Entrepreneurs (no insurance)
People who choose food unwisely (culture, beliefs etc)
Emerging farmers
People in risky careers
People with sub-adequate food intake
People who rely on food parcels (with no Ids
Alcoholics
Prostitutes
Warders
Police
Truck drivers
Contractors
Taxi Drivers
Adults/alcohol & drug addicts
Unemployment
People with unbalanced diets
Children from poor families
Banking meals-especially child headed
Lower income families
Elderly with no social grants
People experiencing chronic hunger
School children
Influx of migrants
Alcoholics & drugs
Prostitutes
Unemployment
Immune compromised children
Child headed households
Lack of skills to earn
Farm workers
Sick/ill people
Widows
Orphans
Elders
Disabled
People experiencing acute hunger
Child headed family
Unemployed
Pensioners
People living with HIV/AIDS
Farm worker
Disabled
Starvation
Street kids
Old people
Page 23
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Disabled-with no income
Child headed households
Unemployment
While no comprehensive mapping of food insecure populations in Gauteng is available to guide
the targeting of communities, households and individuals, the starting point for identifying
targeted beneficiaries is to identify these people from existing service delivery records and
identified poverty sites. Some priority areas already identified are listed below. It should,
however, be noted that none of these priority areas were selected based on informed food
security analysis, but on indicators relevant to the particular purpose (income, health conditions,
or combinations of indicators):



Priority townships identified by the Gauteng Department of Health (Table 8)
50 poorest wards identified by GCRO (2012) in 2010 (see Table 9 and Figure 7),
Four Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRPD) nodes (Devon,
Bantubonke, Hekpoort and Sokhulumi).
The Community Orientated Primary Health Care Programme (COPC) has extensive information
is available on individual health and food access and consumption (Kinkle et al., 2013) and
could be complemented by data from the Gauteng Department for Social Development
household profiles, the War on Poverty register, Food Bank registries and indigent registers with
Municipalities. Although much of this data is not in public domain, it is available to officials but a
coordinated, digital information system is required to collate and share information. Coordination
and integration with the Community Development Services Model is essential for accurate
profiling, targeting, referrals of beneficiaries and potential beneficiaries across sector services
(Health, Social Development, Education, etc.), monitoring and efficient use of resources. Liaison
with Municipalities is essential as these too have prioritised areas for targeted food security
interventions.
It should be noted that a trial for a comprehensive real-time food security assessment tool is
currently underway in the COPC sites and will be presented to the Gauteng Government as
soon as the initial analysis has been completed (Hendirks et al., forthcoming).
Page 24
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Page 25
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Figure 6: Gauteng Government’s 50 priority wards using the 2011 boundaries (GCRO, 2012).
Page 26
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Table 9: 50 priority wards in Gauteng (GCRO,
Ranking of
wards
worst to best
(1=worst).
Local Municipality
WARD_ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Merafong City
Merafong City
Merafong City
Merafong City
Westonaria
Westonaria
Merafong City
City of Tshwane
Westonaria
Merafong City
Randfontein
Merafong City
Ekurhuleni
Merafong City
City of Tshwane
Westonaria
Westonaria
Ekurhuleni
City of Tshwane
City of Tshwane
Randfontein
City of Johannesburg
Mogale City
City of Tshwane
74804008
74804003
74804009
74804004
74803011
74803014
74804026
79900024
74803010
74804010
74802012
74804025
79700052
74804022
79900048
74803009
74803015
79700026
79900072
79900071
74802001
79800006
74801030
79900014
undated a)
Page 27
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
Mogale City
Merafong City
Merafong City
City of Tshwane
City of Tshwane
Westonaria
Lesedi
Ekurhuleni
City of Tshwane
City of Johannesburg
City of Johannesburg
City of Johannesburg
Ekurhuleni
City of Tshwane
Ekurhuleni
Ekurhuleni
City of Tshwane
Midvaal
Merafong City
City of Tshwane
Mogale City
Ekurhuleni
Ekurhuleni
Ekurhuleni
City of Tshwane
Lesedi
74801031
74804020
74804001
79900009
79900013
74803016
74203002
79700001
79900073
79800019
79800095
79800050
79700051
79900049
79700071
79700063
79900097
74202012
74804023
79900039
74801032
79700089
79700099
79700003
79900102
74203001
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
7.
On-going Projects
Numerous projects are already implemented in Gauteng under national, provincial and
municipal programmes, including the CRDP programmes that focus on the poorest
communities. Some of these programmes are listed in Table 10. The table shows a variety
of programmes offered by various Departments. While some are inter-sectoral programmes,
coordination between Departments needs significant strengthening to use resources most
efficiently, avoid duplication and ensure impact.
Table 10: List of existing programmes that address food insecurity implemented in Gauteng
by government (the list does not include Municipal programmes)
Life-cycle stage
st
1 1000 days
(conception to 2
years)
Children (2 – 18
years)
Adults (18 -59 yrs.)
Available programmes (Lead Department - N = national, P =
Provincial)
DSD = Dept for Social Development
Ante- and post- natal care (Health N + P)
Community centres (DSD – P)
Drop in centres (DSD – P)
Home Based Care (HCBC) (DSD – P)
Household gardens (Agriculture, Health – P)
Immunisation (Health – P)
Social grants (DSD – N/P)
Soup kitchens (DSD – P)
Social Relief of Distress Programme (SRD) (DSD – N/P)
Vitamin supplementation – vitamin A for babies and general for pregnant
women (Health – P)
Support groups – (DSD – P)
Victim Empowerment Programme (VEP) centres (DSD – P)
After school care (DSD – P)
Community food gardens (e.g. clinics, schools) (Agriculture, Health,
Education – P)
Community nutrition centres (DSD – P)
Early childhood development centres (DSD – P)
Household food security (fruit trees in Early Childhood Development
Centres (ECD) seedlings) (Health – P)
Immunization of children (Health – P)
Nutrition education (Health – P)
Nutrition supplementation (Health – P)
School nutrition programmes (Basic Education – N/P)
Social grants (DSD – N/P)
Social Relief of Distress Programme (DSD – N/P)
Soup kitchens (DSD – P)
Vitamin A supplement
War on Poverty
Agricultural Cooperative Development and Support (DAFF – N)
Cash transfers
Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme (CASP) (DAFF)
Community based nutrition programmes
Community nutrition and development
Community Works Programmes (CWP) – (Public Works – P)
Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP) (Rural
Development and Land Reform and GDARD)
Drop in centres (DSD – P)
Page 28
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Elderly (60 years +)
8.
Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) – (Public Works – P)
Food banks (DSD – P) and Private – P)
Food transfers (DSD – P)
Home and community gardens (Agriculture, Health – N/P)
Home Based Care (HCBC) – (Health – P)
Indigent support (Municipalities)
ILIMA/LETSEMA
Irrigation Rehabilitation and Development (DAFF – N/P)
Land Care – (Agriculture – N/P)
MAFISA (Agriculture – N/P)
National Rural Youth Service Corps (NARYSEC) (Rural Development and
Land Reform – N)
Nutrition centres (DSD – P)
Popular restaurant (to be implemented in 2013-2014) (DSD – P)
Prepared meals (DSD – P)
Subsidised food (mini markets) (DSD – P)
War on poverty
Working 4 water (Public Works – P)
Working for fire (Public Works – P)
Community nutrition and development programmes (DSD – P)
Drop in centres (DSD – P)
Food banks(DSD – P and Private – P)
Indigent support (Municipalities)
Prepared meals(DSD – P)
Luncheon clubs(DSD – P)
Menu advices (old age homes) (Health – P)
Nutrition education (Health – P)
Nutrition supplement (Health – P)
Nutrition supplementation (Health – P)
Nutritional centres (Health – P)
Pension grants (DSD – N/P)
Old age homes (DSD - P)
Popular restaurants (to be implemented in 2013-2014) (DSD - P)
Subsidised food (mini markets) (DSD - P)
War on Poverty
The requirements of comprehensive food security
programmes
Food insecurity is caused by structural poverty and inequality. Improved food security stems
directly from a set of government policies that integrate the food economy into a
development strategy for rapid economic growth with improved income distribution. With
such policies, economic growth and food security are mutually reinforcing. Ultimately, what is
needed is an environment where alleviating poverty is the major function of the economy.
The Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Plan (CAADP) (NEPAD, 2007),
provides the guidance for the establishment of national agriculture and food security plans to
stimulate economic growth and achieved MDG 1. African government committed to increase
public investment in agriculture to at least 10% of their national budget. Gauteng’s budget
allocation has decreased by 4% from R516 658 000 in 2011/12 to R 493 976 000 for the
2012/13 financial year. An analysis of this budget in comparison to the Gauteng Provincial
Government Budget reflects a 0.07%.
Page 29
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
CAADP’s strategy is based on the four Pillars of sustainable agricultural development and
food security. These four CAADP Pillars are:




Increasing the amount of land under sustainable land and water management.
Programmes in this pillar seek to promote the sustainable use of all arable land
and the use of water sparingly in the province. Population growth leads to
increased demand for food production, forcing expansion and intensification of
production. Sustainable land and water management enables farmers and
communities to become more resilient to climate change by increasing food
production, conserving soil and water, enhancing food security and restoring
productive natural resources.
Improving market infrastructure and farmer’s trade capacities. Programmes in
this area seek to improve market access through improved market infrastructure
and other trade –related competencies. Improved market infrastructure will
accelerate growth in the agricultural sector by raising the capacities of private
entrepreneurs (including commercial and small-holder farmers) to meet the
increasingly complex quality and logistic requirements of markets, focusing on
selected agricultural commodities that offer the potential to raise rural (on- and
off-farm) incomes.
Reducing risk of food insecurity and hunger and improving resilience and
nutrition. Programmes in this pillar aims to increase the supply of affordable
food, improve nutrition and risk management. The pillar focuses on the
chronically food insecure, and on populations vulnerable to and affected by
various crises and emergencies in order to ensure that the food security agenda
simultaneously achieves the agricultural growth agenda and Millennium
Development Goal targets for addressing poverty and hunger (MDG 1 aims to cut
extreme poverty and hunger in half by 2015.
Improving agricultural productivity through improved technology and knowledge
dissemination aims to improve agricultural research and systems in order to
disseminate appropriate new technologies. In addition, by working closely with
partners like the ARC, Universities and any other research institutions will boost
the support to help farmers to adopt such new technologies options. The
extensions officials will play a significant role in implementing the pillar.
While comprehensive programmes require the integration of these four pillars, each CAADP
Pillars has a framework to assist governments in designing the elements of their national
strategies and programmes that fall within these pillars. The CAADP Pillar Framework for
African Food Security (AU/NEPAD, 2009) sets out the elements needed to solve food
insecurity, namely policies, strategies and programmes that:




Improve risk management and reduce vulnerability
Increase food supply through improved production and market linkages
Increase economic opportunities for the poor
Improve nutrition and the quality of diets through diversification of food.
Page 30
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
A portfolio of programmes is needed to achieve these goals. But to be effective in
addressing food insecurity, programme design needs to consider whether each programme
will:








Increase economic growth
Increase opportunities for producers and marketers
Exploit competitive advantages across the value chain
Improve productivity or efficiency of the food value chain
Reduce risk and increase resilience
Increase supply of affordable food
Increase incomes of the poor
Reduce under-nutrition or increase dietary diversity
While not all programmes will deliver on all of the above, what is important is that the propoor opportunities are maximised and exploited and that overall, the portfolio of programmes
achieves these goals. In addition, the comprehensiveness of programmes should be
evaluated by asking if they:






9.
Provide the most appropriate cost-effective options that have the greatest impact
on agricultural growth and poverty reduction
Operate at a scale that can lead to significant and widespread impacts on the
targeted groups
Present cost effective ways of addressing the underlying causes of food
insecurity
Offer sustainable solutions for government and the beneficiaries
Move beyond inter-sectoral to inter-ministerial action to comprehensive
programmes consistent with national growth targets
Bring the private sector into the investment planning process and to incorporate
specific private sector investment into the plan
Pillars for Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
In order to identify the food insecure in Gauteng and understand how they cope with hunger,
two consultative workshops were held in December 2012 and January 2013. The first
workshop included GDARD and Municipal Officials with farmers and NGO representatives.
The second workshop included representatives from the four Comprehensive Rural
Development Programme (CRDP) sites in Gauteng (Devon, Bantubonke, Hekpoort and
kwaSokhulumi). Both workshops applied the same participatory methodology based on
livelihoods analysis. After an exploratory exercise to understand the typical structure, food
acquisition patterns, food security threats, shocks and stresses and the coping strategies
that poor households (rural and urban) adopt to manage food and income shortages,
participants identified the key strategic pillars that could overcome the food security
challenges identified. These pillars are illustrated in Figure 7 below:
Page 31
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
6. Climate smart
Agriculture and Water
Management
5. Mobilise Partnerships
to distribute nutritious
and safe food for relief
4. Accelerate facilitation
of access to Finance
and Markets for
economic livelihood
3. Intesnsify skills
development and
training on sustainable
food production
2. Intesify establishment
of sustainable food
gardens: Siyazondla
1. Increase the amount of
land under sustatainable
Agriculture
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillars
Figure 7: Pillars of 20 Year Food Security plan
Once approved as the plan, each pillar will need careful elaboration into a detailed
programme with a business plan that sets out – among other things - the target
beneficiaries, the annual and cumulative targets in terms of the number of beneficiaries over
the period 2013 - 2030, the baseline indicators, screening criteria for illegibility, registration
processes for programmes, conditionalities, graduation to other programmes and exit
strategies, indicators for monitoring and evaluation (input, outcome and impact) the roles
and responsibilities of Provincial Departments and partners, unit costs and projected
budgets per financial year will need to be determined. The pillars are explained as follows:
Pillar 1:
Increase the Amount of land under sustainable agriculture.
According to the Land Capability Report (2012), Gauteng has 17.3 percent high-potential
agricultural land; 46.8% of moderate potential land constitutes and 17.34 low potential
agricultural land while the built up area constitutes 18.48% of the total land surface.
However the extent of arable land in the country in general is rapidly decreasing and the
extent of agricultural land is being reduced as a result of development and urbanisation.
Gauteng has 298 928.98ha of arable land of which the total of 247 298ha are in use.
Legislation and government programs such as the Gauteng Maize Triangle Plan, the
Ilima/Letsema Project and the Gauteng Mechanisation Programme, aimed at protecting the
resource base and increasing the productivity have proven to be insufficient. In reference of
the above arable land information, Pillar 1 will ensure that the total of 51 212 ha (17%) of
unused arable land is fully utilized through the following:
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
(a) Increase maize and other high value crops.
The Maize Triangle Plan is aimed at supporting the maize producers around Gauteng
Province in order to unleash their potential to create and develop income generating
activities and sustainable decent employment; reduce poverty, develop human resource
capacities and knowledge; strengthen competitiveness and sustainability and improve social
and economic well-being; and contribute to sustainable human development.
The high summer rainfall of 709mm per annum makes this Province conducive for “Summer
Grain Farming” on dry-land conditions. It is viewed as part of the maize triangle which forms
the maize pantry of South Africa and a return of 6 tonnes per hectare is not unusual. Where
Farmers cultivate maize under irrigation, returns of 10 tonnes per hectare is not unusual.
SAGIS reports a yield in Gauteng of 4.64 tonnes per hectare on average. Maize is farmed in
all Hubs of the Province, but the planting must be concluded by the 1st October in the
eastern part of the Province, while planting can be done until the first week of January on the
far western side of the province. Maize is the first choice for dry-land farming, but in cases
where the advent of the rainy season is late, farmers often switch to sunflower, soya beans
and other grains or pastures.
Cooperatives must be established in strategic areas those co-operatives will then be linked
with large Agribusiness firms like Afgri, Senwes and Grain SA to acquire contract grower
markets.
The availability of knowledgeable agricultural institutions, experts and mentors for training
and mentorship emerging sector. Mini silos are also recommended for the farmers who have
restricted access to storage facilities. This will help them to take advantage of the market
situations. To address the above worrying situation, adoption of the Maize Triangle Plan in
Gauteng should then be considered with the following expected outcome:




To expand the number of hectares planted to maize by qualifying emerging farmers
To ensure that farmers attain (or close to) their potential optimum yield level as
measured by tonnage produced per hectare.
To ensure that the amount of finance accessed by the emerging farmers is sufficient
to enable them to maximize their production.
To ensure long term participation of emerging/commercial black grain farmers in the
commercial grain marketing channels.
(b) Accelerate Agro-Processing by small holder farmers and cooperatives
The Reviewed Gauteng Agricultural Development Strategy (GADS, 2010) has identified
agro-processing and biotechnology as strategic vehicles for job creation and economic
growth and to enable the second economy farmers to profitably participate in the
mainstream agricultural economy.
A large number of processing factories in South Africa are situated in Gauteng and are
dependent upon agriculture for raw materials, such as sunflower seeds, peanuts and maize.
Agriculture also creates a demand for goods and services through their backward linkages.
Its labour absorptive capacity is high in comparison to other sectors of the economy because
investment costs per work opportunity created are much lower than for other sectors. Thus
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
agriculture as a sector has potential and an important role to play in the economy of the
province. The strategy has identified eleven potential downstream subsectors as stated in
the Agro-Processing strategy with potential to provide opportunities for income generation
and employment in Gauteng agricultural sector namely:










Dairy processing;
Meat processing;
Leather and Hides
Processed animal feeds
Soft Beverages
Pharmaceuticals
Essential Oils
Biofuels
Grain mill products
Bakery products
Processed Food and vegetables (Dried and frozen)
Small-scale food processing activities represent a potential source of livelihood for many
poor farmers in Gauteng. The overall potential of agro-processing such as bigger feed
milling plants, abattoirs is huge as it can:


Increase the value of crops of poor farmers and thus yield higher returns;
Expand marketing opportunities;

Improve livelihoods of people;

Extend shelf-life of commodities;

Improve palatability of commodities;

Enhance food security;

Overcome seasonality and perishability constraints; and

Empower women who are often involved in agro-processing.
(c) Increase provision of on and off farm infrastructure
The CASP has enabled the Province to invest in on farm and off infrastructure that stimulate
and sustain agricultural production and economic activities. The investment was done with
an ultimate aim of contributing to sustainable agricultural production. There is a need to
located all the rural and access roads and upgrade them to allow an easy flow of products.
This also involves the upgrade the on-farm and off-farm infrastructure. The location of
storage and processing infrastructure like silos and milling plants also needs to be located
and upgraded.
In terms of logistics support within the maize triangle areas, GDARD in collaboration with
Department of Roads and Transport have provided support such as the trailers for ferrying
maize to the nearest storage facilities (silos, storage facilities). In addition there are other
strategic alliances to assist farmers to make the silos accessible to developing maize
producers. These include agreements with Afgri and Senwes.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
The Department of Roads and Transport maintain farm roads infrastructures which enable
farmers produce to access markets.
(d) Agri-Parks
The Agricultural Park model aims to develop agricultural entrepreneurs at the same time
ensuring hands-on skill transfer within the boundaries of a single geographical farm.
The Agri-Parks would entail the following options:


The facility will initially be State-Owned Agricultural Enterprises (SoAE) with farming
beneficiaries and participating industry stakeholders playing a role in a Public-Private
Partnerships (PPP) or Public-Public Partnerships (PPP).
The province and municipalities would transfer the facilities for management by the
cooperatives once fully established.
Unlocking the potential of the agricultural economy in Gauteng requires the deployment of
tools and techniques that enhance increased agricultural production and the development of
infrastructure that would allow value-adding and processing of the agricultural produce to
increase farmers’ profitability. In the Agri-parks the following high value crops will be mainly
produced:




Vegetables
Flowers
Poultry
Piggery
(e) Improved Technology (Research and Development)
Government has addressed the issue of access to cutting edge technology through the
Extension Recovery Programme. Extension personnel need to be equipped / supported with
the working tools that will assist them in meeting demands of their clients and conduct
research. GDARD has a Research and Development Policy which addresses the needs of
smallholder farmers. Participatory research is done in collaboration with farmers and
technology transfer is done through demonstration trials and farmers days.
(f) Intensify Extension and Advisory Support
The Department is working towards an ideal extension to farmer ratio of 1: 20 farmers. The
Farmer’s Green Book serves as the recording mechanism of the daily interaction of the
farmer with the extension officers. This is a farm management tool which resides in the
hands of the farmer. With this tool, extension officers account for the advice given to
farmers. In response to the public cry of poor visibility of extension officers, they are provided
with both uniform and branded vehicles which make it easy for them to be identified.
Pillar 2:
Intensify the establishment of sustainable food gardens: Siyazondla
The office of the Premier recommended an evaluation on the impact of the Siyazondla
Programme during the 2012/2013 financial year. The Siyakhana Initiative for Ecological
Health and Food Security was appointed service provider to conduct the evaluation of the
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
impact of the Siyazondla Programme. The findings of the impact assessment or evaluation
were presented and were very positive.
Of the 3826 households surveyed in Gauteng, only 5, 9% households were found have food
garden (GHS, 2012). GDARD has already incorporated the recommendations of the midterm evaluation of Siyazondla in the Siyazondla implementation plan as follows:
(a) Decentralizing and localized Extension model
Extension centers, relate to the extension wards and satellite offices for extension officers to
be in proximity to program beneficiaries. GDARD has already established three local offices
e.g. Bronkhortspruit, Temba and Vanderbijlpark offices. In future, the system will even work
better linking with municipal offices. GDARD will further strengthen collaboration with
Community Development Workers in implementing projects in wards.
(b) Information Management
Training on record keeping is ongoing and will be standardized with each project’s dynamics.
The data base of all needy people and those who have benefited from government
programmes have been established. Monitoring and Evaluation of the program is done
internally by Agricultural Extension officers but may be biased towards GDARD’s own
programs.
(c) Targets and Budgets
Budgets are always a major limiting factor and affects project implementation as the
demands for services are always greater than the budget allocation. Targets are set based
on areas of food insecurity and poverty deprivation. In Gauteng there twenty six prioritised
townships within which there are fifty poorest wards that have been identified. These are
focus areas for the establishment of food security projects.
The budget is currently mainly conditional grants to service the vulnerable household,
however GDARD will ensure that in implementing this 20 Year Food Security Plan, equitable
share budget should be made available.
(d) Appropriate technology
Starter packs for the Siyazondla programme have been reviewed to ensure that appropriate
and affordable technology is provided. The development of new technologies is
recommended, e.g water conservation mechanisms and rooftops. The Department is
establishing partnerships with other relevant institutions with technologies in urban
agriculture.
(e) Sustainability and resilience
Training of project beneficiaries covers a wider scope of production, business, and technical
and development issues. The training is also needs based. Pest management is part of the
training and different techniques are used.
During project launches, demonstrations are carried out and information shared. The sale of
excess produce will provide for local organizational development as project members have
opened bank accounts and are saving on sales.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Training of food security beneficiaries is a pre-requisite to ensure sustainability and
resilience of the food gardens. The beneficiaries are also encouraged to participate in
community food garden and established co-operatives. GDARD will work with local
government to ensure that the construction of every low cost house is coupled with
establishment of a food garden and planting of a fruit tree (one household, one food garden,
one fruit tree).
Every quintile 1 and 2 school will also be supported to establish a school food garden to
support the school feeding scheme.
(f) Institutional linkages
GDARD is currently working in collaboration with Gauteng Department of Social
Development to ensure that community food gardens are linked to food banks. It is also
closely collaborating with local government to ensure that poor people have access to
unused land.
The short, medium and long term targets for Siyazondla are explain in details in Table 12
below.
Pillar 3:
Intensify Skills Development and Training on Sustainable Food
Production.
The West Rand Agricultural Training Institute (WRATI) is aimed at contributing towards
stimulation of rural development and food security. The goal is to provide high quality and
needs driven accredited education and training to the smallholder farmers.
The establishment of the Institute is work in progress. However in the interim GDARD has
signed the Memorandum of Understanding with the Potchefstroom College of Agriculture
(PCA).
All trainings at WRATI will be accredited. Short courses will be presented in the form of
credit bearing unit standards that will lead to learnerships, certificates, diplomas and
ultimately degree qualifications.
Pillar 4:
Accelerate Facilitation of Access to Finance and Markets for Economic
Livelihood.
Price controls were removed and single channel markets disappeared with the abolition of
control boards. As a result, many new small, medium and large scale enterprises have
entered the domestic and export markets which offer good prospects for future job creation
and marketing services for new farmers.
The main reason for revival of the marketing board/schemes is to introduce some kind of
targeted intervention to uplift the black producers in the agricultural sector and to encourage
their integration into the mainstream commercial agricultural sector. The marketing
board/schemes will provide incentives to the market to increase the quality of production
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
from the emerging sector and increase procurement from the emerging producers. The
intention is to introduce these boards/schemes for a limited period only and faze them out
once the targeted agribusinesses are able to participate in the commercial sector.
The following are the main objectives of the marketing scheme:






To increase black agri-businesses’ access to the export market;
To provide cost reduction and risk mitigation incentives to institutions marketing small
holder agri-businesses;
To increase the volume produced by smallholder agri-businesses;
To develop small holder agri-businesses to commercial level;
To help existing small holder agri-businesses to grow their operations to commercial
levels through training and better planning;
To promote the empowerment of farmers at different levels
Pillar 5:
Mobilise Partnerships to distribute nutritious and safe food for relief.
GDARD will work collaboratively with local government, the private sector and civil society to
achieve the 20 Year Food Security Plan objectives. It will encourage the growth of NGOs
such as Tress for Africa and community based organisations (CBOs) in poor communities,
where these organizations currently exist in limited numbers. The Gauteng Provincial
Government is ultimately responsible and accountable for the implementation of the 20 Year
Food Security Plan, as well as monitoring, measurement and reporting on achievement of
targets.
The 20 Year Food Security Plan will be managed and implemented by cross-departmental
project teams working under the auspices of the Gauteng Department of Agriculture and
Rural Development. These project teams will draw on the structures, apparatus, human and
financial resources of line departments, organs of state in all spheres of government, NGOs,
FBOs, CBOs and other civil society sectors, as appropriate. In addition to the budgets of line
departments, a comprehensive 20 Year Food Security Business Plan will be presented each
year, demonstrating the integration of social sector budgeting.
(a) Food Banks
The basic concept of food banks is premised on the idea of a central warehouse facility
where individuals in need can collect food donated via donor agencies, food manufacturers,
farmers and other stakeholders wherever surplus is available. This is so far the only other
way that food items are stored and delivered to poor communities.
(b) War On Poverty
The central element of this War on Poverty Campaign is visits to poor households to assess
which government services individuals within households are eligible for but are not
receiving, what specific government interventions are relevant to the needs of the particular
household and communicated to relevant implementing agents for follow up, and which will
be monitored and evaluated. An interviewing guide has been developed which will be
administered by a trained youth or community worker who will interview a member of the
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
household on behalf of all household members to understand their situation and identify the
appropriate interventions to be made. A referral system will be developed in order to enable
departments to respond to the specific needs of individuals in the household. Local
government departments will also be required to intervene in such areas as provision of free
basic services, public works and other indigent measures.
A monitoring system to follow up the relevant departments will be implemented. This will
require proper recording and processing of information in databases that would be set up in
relevant departments.
Pillar 6: Climate Smart Agriculture and Water Management
To achieve food security and agricultural development goals, adaptation to climate change
and lower emission intensities per output will be necessary. This transformation must be
accomplished without depletion of the natural resource base. Climate change is already
having an impact on agriculture and food security as a result of increased prevalence of
extreme events and increased unpredictability of weather patterns. This can lead to
reductions in production and lower incomes in vulnerable areas. These changes can also
affect global food prices. Developing countries and smallholder farmers are being hard hit by
these changes. Many of these small-scale producers are already coping with a degraded
natural resource base. They often lack knowledge about potential options for adapting their
production systems and have limited assets and risk-taking capacity to access and use
technologies and financial services.
Enhancing food security while contributing to mitigate climate change and preserving the
natural resource base and vital ecosystem services requires the transition to agricultural
production systems that are more productive, use inputs more efficiently such as drought
resistant crops, have less variability and greater stability in their outputs, and are more
resilient to risks, shocks and long-term climate variability. More productive and more resilient
agriculture requires a major shift in the way land, water and soil nutrients are managed to
ensure that these resources are used more efficiently. Water harvesting, hydroponic
production and no tillage farming technologies should be promoted in future agricultural
practice. Making this shift requires considerable changes in national and local governance,
legislation, policies and financial mechanisms. This transformation will also involve improving
producers’ access to markets. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions per unit of land and/or
agricultural product and increasing carbon sinks, these changes will contribute significantly
to the mitigation of climate change (FAO, 2013).
Table 11: Pillar Detail Information
Pillar 1
Increase the amount of land under sustainable
Agriculture.
Pillar description
Supply of agricultural production inputs to subsistence and small holder
farmers to support sustainable livelihoods and food security.
Lead entity
Who should partner?
GDARD
The identified stakeholders are:
 Municipalities
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 1
Increase the amount of land under sustainable
Agriculture.








Expressed needs









•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
What needs to done?
Anticipated impact on
economic growth and
food security
What needs to be
changed?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Research and
Development Needs
•
Various research institutes of the Agricultural Research Council
Tribal authorities
Agriculture State Owned Entities
Provincial Departments such as Social Development, Education, Health,
DRDLR, COGTA, Statistics, etc)
National Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Inputs suppliers (Starke Ayres, Panaar, Afgri, Omnia, KZN Oils, etc)
Institutions of Higher Learning
Organized Agriculture Unions (e.g. AFASA, Agri Gauteng, TAU, NAFU,
etc)
Commodity groups ( NERPO, SAPPO, Potato SA, Tomato SA, etc)
Community (Beneficiaries)
Religious Leaders
Financial Institutions (e.g. Land Bank, Commercial Banks, etc)
Markets (Tshwane, JHB, etc)
Non-Governmental Organizations
Retailers (Pick n Pay, Checkers, etc)
Private Organisations
Business Unity SA
Training (see capacity below)
Tractors
Crop farming-need tractors and equipment (implements)
Maize triangle must be according to soil analysis and give results to the
farmer
Full support to farmers according to hectares of land
GDARD to group farmers per different experiences and support them
Poultry- project with no less than 10,000 broilers: Need support on
breeding and marketing and feed for 6 months and medication
Piggery: Full support on feed (6 months), and building structures for
breeding
Livestock (cattle): Medication, feed, and quality breed
Vegetables: Tunnels, and herbicides, seedlings and pesticides
Developing Agro-processing and Agri-packs
Adapting to climate change with new techniques
Help with facilitating land acquisition
Stakeholder Consultation
Situational Analysis / Needs Analysis
Prioritization of needs
Develop implementation plan based on the needs
Sustainable production and increased productivity
Return on Investment (Profit)
Well-nourished community
1080 job opportunities
Extension support model
Included watering cans, herbicide, veterinary medicines and pesticide in
starter packs and on-going support
Include soil analysis to support farmer productivity
Consider electricity subsidies for small enterprises
Include business analyses to ensure that units are large enough to
generate profit
Research on current projects to identify key constraints, factors for
success and technology gaps
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 1
Increase the amount of land under sustainable
Agriculture.
•
•
Establishing critical thresholds for profitability and farmer capacity – what
size operations should be supported to generate sustainable profit
Mapping of smallholders, land types, land use, natural resources, soil
types etc.
Development of a common understanding of food security among all
officials
GDARD capacity
requirements
•
Pillar 2
Intensify establishment of sustainable food
gardens: Siyazondla
Pillar description
•
Target group/s
Lead entity
Who should partner?
Expressed needs
Support the establishment of household and community gardens to
ensure availability of and access to nutritious food at all times and
opportunities to sell surplus produce.
• Households that are vulnerable to being food insecure and those
suffering from hidden and chronic hunger
GDARD
• DAFF with Departments of Social Development, Health, Education,
Rural Development, Water Affairs, Local Government
• NGO’s and Parastatals
Household gardens:
• Training
• Continuous support to households
• Provide starter packs
• Skills development programmes
• Monitor and mentorship programmes
• Facilitate sharing of information with other cooperatives-good practices
• Herbicides, pesticides to be included
• Water cans to be included in the practice
• Ward committee involvement in monitoring reforms to extension officers
Community gardens
• Training
• Direct allocation of tractor and implements
• Subsidy for electricity
• Provide irrigation equipment
• Provide starter packs
• Tunnels
• Irrigation systems
• Seedlings, herbicides and pesticides
• Coordination of Municipality and GDARD
School gardens
• Training
• Direct allocation of tractor and implements
• Subsidy for electricity
• Provide irrigation equipment
• Provide starter packs
• Tunnels
• Irrigation systems
• Seedlings, herbicides and pesticides
• Coordination of Municipality and GDARD
General
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 2
Intensify establishment of sustainable food
gardens: Siyazondla
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
What needs to done?
Anticipated impact on
economic growth and
food security
What needs to be
changed
•
Research and
development needs
•
•
GDARD capacity
requirements
Officials must be well trained to implement their work properly and
effectively
Time frame for inputs to tally with the farming season
Local government must play a vital role to oversee the programmes and
to include them in the IDPs.
Needs analysis
Consultation with other stakeholders
Identification of beneficiaries
Capacity building
Develop a monitoring plan
Implementation
Monitoring and evaluation
Enough food for household consumption
Improved nutrition and dietary diversity
Increased income levels
Improved livelihoods
2250 job opportunities
Starter pack design needs evaluation
Extension need to be geared to supporting these gardens.
Identification of the ‘best package’ for home and community gardens to
provide nutritious food all year round.
Mapping of land types, land use, natural resources, soil types etc.
Development of a common understanding of food security among all
officials
Pillar 3
Intensify skills development & training on
sustainable food production.
Programme description
•
Target group
•
Lead entity
Who should partner?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Expressed needs
•
•
•
•
•
Knowledge transfer and skill development to empower community
members to move form dependency to independency including
learnerships, mentorships and in-service training. Needs to include
business, finance and marketing skills in particular.
Food insecure people, with special reference to the unemployed
women and out of school youth from 18-35 years
GDARD – providing coordination, funding, support and M&E
Social Development – mobilisation and recruitment of participants
based on the identified needs.
SEDA – offering training, supply of material resources, registration of
cooperatives and companies (DTI ) and linked to job funding
GEP – Support, Loans
Department of Rural Development and Land reform – services and
support
NARYSEC - (National Rural Youth Service cooperative) for skills
training for rural youth and provide stipend
Department of Education – linking the target group with FETs,
identification of land for training and planting
Municipalities – information dissemination about capacity building
Introduction of agriculture in schools
FETs be agriculture focused
General farming
Other income-generating skills baking, brick manufacturing, hygiene,
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
•
•
•
What needs to done?
Anticipated impact on
economic growth and
food security
What needs
changed
to
Research and
Development Needs
GDARD capacity
requirements
be
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
recycling, sewing etc.
Business skills: business management, financial management farmers need to know what type of product is to be produced, where
to sell and the budget (expenditure and incomes)
o Project management ,
o Marketing skills needed:
o Advertising
o Branding
o Cooperatives formation, funding and training
o Processing
o Pricing Government link farmers with schools and
hospitals
Biosecurity training and information
Implementation: Learner ships for the unemployed
• In-service training
• Long term trainings e.g. business and financial skills
Establish a steering committee
Identification of training needs and assessment
Identification of service providers
Implementation
Self- sustainable and self-reliant community
Increased number of skilled workers
Well empowered and capacitated community
Able to negotiate, have access to affordable food and market
Increased income for them (as they are capacitated)
To review policies and the method for implementation
Duplication of services
Reporting system
Communication between the three spheres of government
Strengthen inter-sectoral approach
Information dissemination to the community in the peri urban area
Focus of training on vocational and relevant skills and knowledge
Identification of capacity gaps among different beneficiary groups
Survey of existing training offerings
Development of a common understanding of food security among all
officials
Pillar 4
Accelerate facilitation of Access to Finance & Markets
for economic livelihood
Pillar description
To facilitate the establishment of long-term contracts between producers and
markets as an outlet for smallholder and community and home garden production.
GDARD
Lead entity
Who should partner?
Expressed needs
GPG’s
Local government
Private sector (big retailers, banks, land banks)
Land reform programmes
Quality control agencies
DAFF
Municipal markets
1. Advertising
• Training on advertising
• Street vendors
• Advert boards
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 4
What needs to
done?
Anticipated impact
on economic growth
and food security
What needs to be
changed
Research and
development needs
GDARD capacity
requirements
Accelerate facilitation of Access to Finance & Markets
for economic livelihood
• Newspapers and magazines
• Websites
• Linkage with other institutions e.g. NDA
• Fundraising
2. Branding
• Wrapping machines
• Labelling
• Containers
• Information training
• Packaging
• Hard and soft packaging
• Large scale and small scale packaging
• Information and training
3. Cooperatives formation, funding and training
• Government link farmers with schools and hospitals
• Barcode Pricing
• Processing-markets
• Production
• Our markets can target local doorstep markets (facilities) e.g.
cooperatives selling veggies to school feeding programmes in schools,
crèche or spazas, not only to the main market. We can advertise locally
• Support to farmers with respect to pricing of commodities
• Government funding for hospital, market and schools, bio-security and
EIA.
• Farmers union to enhance marketing, and GDARD to facilitate with pricing
4. Biosecurity training and information
Market research
Make producers aware of the market opportunities
Capacity building in value chain skills
Establishing compliance to standards set by the quality assurance agencies
(HACCP)
Facilitate the establishment of co-ops
Infrastructure support
Local producers could access markets
Economic opportunities and growth in communities
Improved safety and quality compliance
Increased volume of produce
A comprehensive value chain approach is needed. The skills and capacity
required across the value chain is needed, including specific training on marketing,
finance etc.
Value chain analysis for various commodities and different farmer types
Farm and farmer typology
Market research to identify opportunities
Development of a common understanding of food security among all officials
Pillar 5
Mobilize Partnerships to distribute nutritious & safe
food for relief
Programme
description
Lead entity
To provide good nutrition for all beneficiaries of government food security and
nutrition programmes in Gauteng
Department of Health
Who should partner?
Health, social development, education and municipalities (economic development,
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 5
What needs to
done?
Anticipated impact
on economic growth
and food security
What needs to be
changed
Research and
development needs
GDARD capacity
requirements
Mobilize Partnerships to distribute nutritious & safe
food for relief
social workers and nurses)
Farmers
Food processors
Business
NGO / CBO / Faith Based Organisations / Social Co-operatives
Food Bank
Research stakeholders / institutions
Establish Health Teams at school and ward level (nurse, social worker, teacher,
municipality) to lead the process and monitor progress
Secure buy in and institutionalizing the programmes
Infrastructure development for preparing and serving food
Identify sources of food – farmer capacity to supply and waste food for redistribution
Monitoring and Evaluation system
Research into the most appropriate meals and the impact
Food gardens for school to provide good nutrition for the feeding scheme.
Health
 Reduced malnutrition, diseases,
 Less sick children
 Decrease obesity
 Dietary diversity
 Decrease mortality rate
Department of Education
 Less absenteeism
 Decrease Obesity
 Improved mental health
 Improved IQ and EQ
Silo approach to service delivery – a person is a whole being and so the facilities
need to treat the whole person.
Estimation of the minimum cost of a balanced nutritious diet
Assessment of current programmes for nutritional value and impact
The impact of food banks on local and provincial economies to identify the best
models and avoid destroying sustainable rural livelihoods and the national food
security foundations
Development of a common understanding of food security among all officials
Pillar 6
Climate Smart Agriculture & Water management
Pillar description
The pillar aims to raise awareness among farmers about how they can
continue farming, and increase their crop yields and income, despite climatic
changes
GDARD
DAFF
Environment
Early warning unit
Strengthen the early warning systems
Establishment of a baseline for comparisons
Inclusion of core indicators in profiling tools and surveys by the various
bodies such as StatsSA, Rural Development, Municipality Quality of Life
Surveys, Health systems, etc.)
Develop technical capacity to do the task
Lead entity
Who should partner?
What needs to done?
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 6
Anticipated impact on
economic growth and
food security
What needs to be
changed
Research and
development needs
GDARD capacity
requirements
Climate Smart Agriculture & Water management
Establish contingency plans
Improved risk management
Proactive risk management
Formalisation of a task team to advise.
Establishment of a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system
Testing a provincial food security M&E system
Establishment of a baseline
On-going analysis, tracking and monitoring of the impact of the programmes
above on food security
Development of a common understanding of food security among all officials
M&E skills and competencies
Reporting skills
10. Stakeholder mobilization
The Food Security Summit should continue to provide a platform for stakeholder
engagement and an opportunity for the Province to profile success stories and learn from
reflection and knowledge sharing. Presentation of the approved Food Security Plan should
be shared with the public and private sector before being implemented.
This should be conducted as part of the national Comprehensive African Agricultural
Development Programme consultation process towards the development of the national
agriculture and food security investment plan. The National Agriculture and Food Security
Investment Plans are multi-year investment strategies developed by a country government in
consultation with national stakeholders and development partners to achieve the CAADP
goals.
The establishment of public-private partnerships is essential to the success of the plan and
attaining the goals. Regular review of the plan and evaluation of the progress towards goals
with stakeholders (communities, public sector, private sector and international agencies) is
essential. The Food Security Summit could provide this platform for engagement.
11. Communication
Informing the public and other government departments about the Plan is important. All
forms of communication media should be used to communicate the content and regular
updates on progress towards the goals should be employed.
Information dissemination and awareness building of the plan is important to stimulate
demand for the programmes from beneficiaries and to gain support and partnerships from
other public sector departments and the private sector.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
12. Coordination, Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting
No baseline for comprehensive food security measurement currently exists in the Province
and a single system for integration of the various sources of sectoral-specific data has not
been established. The few scant data reported above do not use comprehensive food
security indicators and follow international guidelines for measurement of food insecurity and
hunger. A far more rigorous and current system is needed.
Determining impact and monitoring the implementation of this plan will require clear and
measurable indicators (see Table 12), with baseline data on each programme beneficiary
and periodic assessment of delivery and impact.
In the absence of a national food security information system, the following indicators are
recommended as the minimum set for monitoring progress towards the goals and
determining impact of the programmes will be determined through trial of a food security
information system being run in partnership with the Tshwane Community Orientated
Primary Health Care Programme (Hendriks et al., forthcoming) but should include at least:





Assets
Income
Dietary diversity
Experience of hunger
Main source of food.
The monitoring and evaluation of food security levels and programme impacts must align
with DPME’s Outcome 7 reporting system. Engagement with DPME is required in this
regard.
Dedicated staffing is required to continually monitor and evaluate progress towards goals as
well as providing an early warning system of future risks. Establishing and maintaining a
comprehensive food security and nutrition surveillance system for the province is essential to
monitor the food security situation, analyse trends and provide early warning of impending
crises as well as reporting on progress towards the goals (Hendriks, 2005).
Regular reporting on the food security situation and progress towards the set targets is
essential for accountability and ensuring that the targets are met. Annual work plans need to
be elaborated and based on medium term frameworks (3 years) that build incrementally to
achieving the long term Plan. See table 12.
Table 12: Targets and indicators
Objectives
Goal: To reduce food insecurity
in the province by half the 2011
levels by 2030.
Baseline
3-Year
targets
G1: 9.8%
Page 47
End
target
5%
Indicators
Means of
verification
G1: Reduction
(%) in the
number of
people
Annual GHS
data
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Objectives
Baseline
3-Year
targets
End
target
Indicators
Means of
verification
experiencing
hunger
G2: 20.5%
10%
G3: 26%
13%
Half all
beneficiaries
Half all
beneficiaries
All
beneficiaries
All
beneficiaries
Establishment of crop farming
36
216
Establishment of vegetable
farming
36
216
Establishment of poultry farming
12
72
Establishment of livestock
farming
12
72
Establishment of pig farming
12
72
Extension re-training
25
150
Maize planting
400
2400
Agro processing
50
300
Agri packs
5
30
Pillar 1 Outcome: Increase the
amount of land under sustainable
Agriculture.
Half all
beneficiaries
Half all
beneficiaries
Pillar 2 Outcome: Intensify
establishment of sustainable food
gardens: Siyazondla
Half all
beneficiaries
Half all
beneficiaries
Establishment of community
gardens
Establishment of household
gardens
Skills development for
beneficiaries
150
900
3 000
18000
3 000
18000
Re-training of extension staff
21
126
4 500
27000
Nutrition training for beneficiaries
Page 48
G2: Reduction
(%) of the
number of
people
experiencing
inadequate
access to food
G3: Reduction
(%) in the
number of
people in
poverty
% of supported
farmers
generating an
income from
farming within
three years
% supported
farming families
with improved
food security
% of supported
communities
and families
generating an
income from
farming within
one year
% supported
communities
and families
with improved
food security
Baseline and
annual
surveys
Baseline and
annual
surveys
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Objectives
Pillar 3 Outcome
Intensify skills development &
training on sustainable food
production.
Baseline
3-Year
targets
All
beneficiaries
Half all
beneficiaries
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on more productive
food production
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on post-harvest
storage and processing
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on marketing
(branding, advertising and sales)
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on finance and
business skills
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on food safety, bio
security, standards and packaging
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on contracting,
pricing, budgeting
Increase number of people
benefitting from learner ships with
private business
Pillar 4 Outcome
Accelerate facilitation of Access
to Finance & Markets for
economic livelihood
End
target
1 050
6300
1 050
6300
1 050
6300
1 050
6300
1 050
6300
1 050
6300
1 050
6300
Means of
verification
% households
with increased
production
% households
earning profit
from
agricultural
activities
Surveys, preand post- tests
for all training
modules and
learner ships
Increased
volumes of
produce
marketed
through these
channels
All
beneficiaries
Annual
increase
Increased
number of
contacts active
Annual
decrease
Reduced breaks
in supply
Value chain analysis for various
commodities and different farmer
types
20
120
Facilitation of direct contracting
90
540
90
540
4 800
28800
Cooperative formation support
and training
Training of farmers as per Output
3 activities
Pillar 5 Outcome
Mobilise Partnerships to distribute
nutritious & safe food for relief.
Indicators
Improvement
in nutrition
for all
beneficiaries
% of undernourished
children
Improvement
in nutrition
for all
beneficiaries
% of children
eating fewer
meals than
required per
day
Page 49
Surveys, preand post- tests
for all training
modules and
learner ships
Baseline and
annual
surveys, GHS
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Objectives
Baseline
3-Year
targets
End
target
Improvement
in nutrition
for all
beneficiaries
Nutrition education, sound advice
and supplementation at local
clinics
Nutrition education, promotion of
exclusive breastfeeding for
children between 0 and 6 months,
sound advice and
supplementation at local clinics
Improve the quality of Early
Childhood Centre feeding
programmes
Improve the quality of school
feeding programmes and
nutrition education at schools
Promote the consumption of
healthy and nutritious diets
among all beneficiaries of
government programmes in
Gauteng
Provide meals for those unable to
adequately feed themselves
through direct contracting of
smallholders through soup
kitchens and targeted food
parcels
Provide meals for those unable to
adequately feed themselves
through redistribution of waste
food in ways that do not
undermine the sustainable
livelihoods of communities and
the viability of the food system.
Pillar 6 Outcome
Climate Smart Agriculture & Water
management
120000
20 000
120000
18
108
18
108
30 000
180000
15
90
15
90
Half all
beneficiaries
Half all
beneficiaries
150
900
1000
6000
Page 50
Means of
verification
% children not
eating
diversified diets
regularly
20 000
Promote and encourage farmers
in adopting new farming
technologies, such as water
harvesting, no tillage
Provide regular early warning
information to farmers
Indicators
% of farmers
adopting new
farming
technologies
Baseline and
annual
surveys
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
13.
Roles and Responsibilities for Implementation
As food security is multi-sectoral, multiple stakeholders will implement the plan. This will
include all social sector role-players in government (provincial and municipal), in
collaboration with the private sector organizations of civil society. GDARD will take the lead
for each programme, coordinating and including other Departments as necessary. Annual
performance indicators need to encourage efficient partnerships between departments in
implementing the programmes of the plan. The core responsibilities for the programmes are
set out in Table 13.
Table 13: Lead Departments for programmes
Objectives
Lead Department
Pillar 1 Outcome: : Increase the amount of land
under sustainable Agriculture.
GDARD
Establishment of crop farming
GDARD
Establishment of vegetable farming
GDARD
Establishment of poultry farming
GDARD
Establishment of livestock farming
GDARD
Establishment of pig farming
GDARD
Extension re-training
GDARD
Maize planting
GDARD
Agro processing
GDARD
Agri packs
GDARD
Pillar 2 Outcome: : Intensify establishment of
sustainable food gardens: Siyazondla
GDARD
Establishment of community gardens
GDARD
Establishment of household gardens
GDARD
Skills development for beneficiaries
GDARD
Re-training of extension staff
GDARD
Nutrition training for beneficiaries
Health
Pillar 3 Outcome: Intensify skills development &
training on sustainable food production.
GDARD
Training of farmers and cooperatives on more
productive food production
GDARD
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Objectives
Lead Department
Training of farmers and cooperatives on postharvest storage and processing
Training of farmers and cooperatives on marketing
(branding, advertising and sales)
Training of farmers and cooperatives on finance
and business skills
Training of farmers and cooperatives on food
safety, bio security, standards and packaging
GDARD
Economics
Economic Development
GDARD
Training of farmers and cooperatives on
contracting, pricing, budgeting
Economic Development
Increase number of people benefitting from learner
ships with private business
GDARD
Pillar 4 Outcome: Accelerate facilitation of Access
to Finance & Markets for economic livelihood
GDARD
Value chain analysis for various commodities and
different farmer types
GDARD
Facilitation of direct contracting
GDARD
Cooperative formation support and training
GDARD
Training of farmers as per Output 3 activities
GDARD
Outcome 5: Mobilise Partnerships to distribute
nutritious & safe food for relief.
Nutrition education, sound advice and
supplementation at local clinics
Nutrition education, promotion of exclusive
breastfeeding for children between 0 and 6
months, sound advice and supplementation at
local clinics
Improve the quality of Early Childhood Centre
feeding programmes
Social Development
Health
Health
Social Development with Health
Improve the quality of school feeding programmes
and nutrition education at schools
Education with Health
Promote the consumption of healthy and nutritious
diets among all beneficiaries of government
programmes in Gauteng
Health
Provide meals for those unable to adequately feed
themselves through direct contracting of
smallholders through soup kitchens and targeted
food parcels
Social Development
Provide meals for those unable to adequately feed
themselves through redistribution of waste food in
ways that do not undermine the sustainable
livelihoods of communities and the viability of the
food system.
Social Development
Page 52
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Objectives
Lead Department
Pillar 6 Outcome
Climate Smart Agriculture & Water management
Promote and encourage farmers in adopting new
farming technologies
Provide regular early warning information to
farmers
GDARD
GDARD
GDARD
Formalisation of a task team to advise.
GDARD
Establishment of a Provincial Steering Committee
for Food Security at the highest level
GDARD
A Gauteng Food Summit Steering Committee comprising of Head of Departments and the
office of the MEC for Gauteng Department of Agriculture and Rural Development has
already been constituted. This committee discusses issues relating to resolutions of the food
security, including short – and medium term solutions to the problem. It is strongly
recommended that the mandate of this committee be extended to establish an Advisory
Group of experts on various elements of food security. Clear terms of reference (see
annexure 1) are needed for this committee and regular meetings need to be established
14.
Plan Review
The Gauteng 20 year Food Security Plan will need to be reviewed once the national food
security policy has been released. Regular reviews at the end of each three-year cycle are
necessary to review progress, review the programmes and assess impact.
The Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan should provide guidance to District and Local
Municipalities in their elaboration of food security strategies. A platform for engagement with
the District and Local Municipalities needs to be established as a priority to inform the
Municipalities of the Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan, ensure alignment and elaborate
systems for coordination, comprehensive implementation and consistent monitoring and
evaluation systems.
It is recommended that an independent advisory panel to the Food Security Steering
Committee be established to guide the Province in the elaboration of programmes and
undertake periodic review of the strategy and programmes. This advisory panel should
include experts from research institutions, academia and the private sector.
15.
Legal and Policy Requirements
An essential next step in the finalisation of the Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan is to
review existing policies, strategies and programmes across the sectors related to food
security to identify areas of convergence, conflict and gaps and take measures to align these
and fill any gaps. Policy measures that will be required include:
Page 53
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan







16.
Setting the boundaries of what the Province is responsible for in terms of ensuring
food security
Clarifying the mandates, roles and responsibilities of the three tiers of governance in
South Africa (national, provincial and local)
Clarifying inter-sectoral responsibilities
Clarifying and establishing the coordination structures for oversight of food security
policy, strategy and programmes in the Province
Establishing a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system that ensures the
availability of key indicators from all sectors
Establishing rules and processes in terms of illegibility for beneficiaries of
programmes, conditionalities, graduate and exit processes and implementation
modalities around partnerships and reporting.
Establishing regular multi-stakeholder (including communities) review mechanisms to
inform policy, strategy and programme revision at regular intervals (annual work
plans, medium term frameworks (3 years) and strategy review at least every 5
years).
Capacity Development
One of the key hurdles in the elaboration of this strategy identified through the consultative
process is the lack of a common understanding of food security and knowledge of the
complexities of this concept. This is an area that needs urgent attention. Developing a
common understanding of the concept and its complexity is essential for comprehensive
programmes implemented by multiple sectors. Not only will training in understanding food
security be necessary, but continuous professional development is key to building in-depth
knowledge on the topic and applying the latest knowledge in the field to practical
applications at the office. Continuous capacity development programmes are needed to
ensure that any new appointees are equipped to be an effective part of the team.
Additional capacity may be necessary with regard to programme design, business plan
development (including costing), monitoring and evaluation, reporting and communication,
policy design and community-based skills for supporting the programmes on the ground.
Inter-sectoral facilitation and team building for the core players in the programmes and
committees is strongly recommended.
17.
Research and Development
The research areas presented in Table 14 are needed to guide, direct and support the
design programme and impact assessment of the programmes presented in this plan.
Careful integration of the findings of the plan is essential to ensure quality implementation
and ensure the goals of the plan are met.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Table 14: Present the research areas
Pillar
number
18.
Research needed
1
Research on current projects to identify key constraints, factors for success and
technology gaps
1
Establishing critical thresholds for profitability and farmer capacity – what size
operations should be supported to generate sustainable profit
1
Mapping of smallholders, land types, land use, natural resources, soil types etc.
2
Identification of the ‘best package’ for home and community gardens to provide
nutritious food all year round
2
Mapping of land types, land use, natural resources, soil types etc.
3
Identification of capacity gaps among different beneficiary groups
3
Survey of existing training offerings
4
Value chain analysis for various commodities and different farmer types
4
Farm typology and farmer typology
4
Market research to identify opportunities
4
Cost benefit analysis to identify the best options
4
Beneficiary analysis to identify the best value for money projects
5
Estimation of the minimum cost of a balanced nutritious diet
5
Assessment of current programmes for nutritional value and impact
5
Investigating the impact of food banks on local and provincial economies to identify
the best models and avoid destroying sustainable rural livelihoods and the national
food security foundations
6
Investigating the impact in the use of appropriate technology in adaptation
Implications
18.1. Financial
The overall budget for this plan is estimate at R50M per annum with inflation adjustments
from years 4 for 21 years. The attached log frame (See Annexure 2 & 3) provides the
breakdown per programme element. Once the 20 year Food Security plan has been
approved, the GDARD needs to develop the project detail for each pillar. This will include
looking at historical trends in expenditure and understanding unit costs of similar projects to
estimate the costs. An estimate budget per activity is provided.
Budget is available through the MTEF period for the implementation of the plan. GDARD will
facilitate the pool of resources from various partners on an annual basis.
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Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
18.2. Human Resource
GDARD already has dedicated personnel but this will need to be expanded to facilitate the
inclusion of monitoring and evaluation and coordination functions. GDARD will establish a
coordination structure for the inter-sectoral coordination of food security and nutrition
programmes. This small unit should have at least three officers responsible for:



Policy coherence and compliance
Programme implementation
Coordination, monitoring, evaluation and reporting.
It is strongly recommended that an Advisory Group is established consisting of at least five
national experts on the various elements involved in these policies and programmes. The
terms of reference of this Group needs are clearly explained (See Annexure 1). Members
should serve for no more than three years and should be expected to keep abreast of new
developments in the field.
19.
Next Steps
It is essential that the Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan is broadly owned by the Province
and its stakeholders. While the strategy has been developed from significant input provided
through two stakeholder workshops, finalisation of the strategy requires consultation with
senior management, management from key sectors, the relevant National Departments,
Municipality Management and the private sector. Holding discussions with these parties is a
crucial next step.
This should be conducted simultaneously with a review of current policies, strategies and
programmes through a facilitated multi-stakeholder workshop to inform any need for realignment and to advise on the policy measures necessary.
Along with this, programme elaboration is necessary. This includes estimation of unit costs,
projections for budgets and human resourcing.
Page 56
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
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Information Society of South Africa Ukubuzana 2012: Academic paper. Gauteng City-
Page 59
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Region Observatory (GCRO) : Johannesburg.
http://www.eepublishers.co.za/images/upload/GISSA%20Ukubuzana%202012/Chris_Wray.p
df. Accesses 14 April 2013.
World Bank (2011). Climate-Smart agriculture- Increased Productivity and Food Security,
Enhanced Resilience and Reduced Carbon Emissions for Sustainable Development
Opportunities and Challenges for a Converging Agenda: Country Examples
Florian Kroll, Moira Beery, Orsola Segantin, Michael Rudolph, and Patience ManjengwaHungwe. (2012). Mid-Term Evaluation of the Siyazondla Homestead Food Gardens
Programme
Page 60
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Annexure 1: TERMS OF REFERENCE OF ADVISORY
COMMITTEE
TERMS OF REFERENCE
1.
BACKGROUND
The 20 Food Security Plan promotes an integrated approach by several GPG departments
in the fight against hunger and starvation in recognition of the fact that food insecurity is a
multifaceted problem. The Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (GDARD), is
mandate to lead the co-ordination in dealing with this challenge. Agricultural development
thus becomes critical to providing food insecure and vulnerable communities with a hope for
a better life, free from poverty, hunger and unemployment. To achieve food security, poor
rural communities need to assign the highest possible priority to increasing household food
production
It is noted that a number of rural people who became extremely vulnerable to poverty and
hunger has migrated to Gauteng province. In response to that, a number of interventions
were taken, including emergency relief measures for local food emergencies, and were
followed by the distribution of Food parcels through the Department of Social Development,
targeting the most vulnerable households in the province. A number of vulnerable
households also received assistance from the Department of Agriculture through the
Agricultural Starter Pack Programme and through the more integrated and comprehensive
Household Food Production Programme.
Social programmes also provided support to most vulnerable communities such as school
feeding schemes, child support grants, free health services for children between 0-6 years,
pregnant and lactating women, pension funds for the elderly, working for water project,
community public works programmes, Provincial community food garden initiatives, land
reform and farmer settlement, production loans scheme for small farmers, infrastructure
grant for smallholder farmers.
Terms of Reference are to set out the tasks, scope and responsibility for the Advisory Group
of Experts Committee in line with 20 Year Food Security Plan:
2.
DUTIES OF THE COMMITTEE
The functioning of the Advisory Group of Experts Committee will comprise of seven key
priority areas of food security plan, such as:







Provision of production inputs to smallholder and subsistence farmers
Encouraging the establishment of household and community food gardens
Training of smallholder and subsistence farmers
Facilitating Market access
Provision of on or off infrastructure
Establish nutritional and strengthening of feeding scheme
Coordination, monitoring, evaluation and reporting
Page 61
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
3.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of an Advisory Group of Experts committee are as follows:







4.
Provide a forum for senior representatives of the different Social Cluster Departments
to discuss and synergize their efforts with regard to food security interventions.
Provide policy and strategic guidance
To be responsible for overall co-ordination of Programme planning and
implementation, ensuring effective linkages between all interest parties
To review its performance on service delivery standards with regard to food security
To produce documented three reviewed implementation plans (project areas which
could either be at sector, business or micro-economic level interventions – or a
combination of these level areas), and
To improve the functionality of the Advisory Group of Experts committee so as to
provide support to the Social Cluster and to improve the quality of Reporting on
Government Plan of Action.
Finally, to ensure overall monitoring, evaluation and reporting on the food security
plan to Exco Lekgotla in the Province.
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
In order to improve the coordination of 20 year food security plan the following Institutional
arrangements are recommended:
4.1. At Provincial level
At the Provincial level, the Provincial Advisory Group of Experts committee shall consist of
the relevant Provincial Departments. This forum will be composed of senior officials and
other concerned agencies, stakeholders from civil society in the province.
4.2. At District level
This committee will be comprised of government officials and other stakeholders from the
district. It will be responsible for identifying food insecure areas within the district. They will
further compile and recommend project for funding and evaluate and monitor the effect of
food security projects.
4.3. At Local level
This will consist of local government officials and members from civil society organizations,
which include amongst others, traditional authorities, religious groups, as well as the locally
based Non-governmental organizations. This committee will identify and quantify vulnerable
and insecure households within their localities. They will also work with the food security
officers in compiling business/ project plans and submitting them to the district.
Page 62
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
5.
MEMBERSHIP
A core membership for the Advisory Group of Experts committee departments will support
the operationalization of the 20 year food security plan. These will include:
 Departments of Health and Social Development
 Infrastructure development;
 Water Affairs
 Education;
 Provincial and Local Government;
 Rural development and Land reform
 Statistics South Africa (StatsSA)
 Municipalities
This core- group will co-opt the services of other sectors as and when the need arises
6.
SCOPE OF WORK
A realistic and forward-looking approach that seeks to ensure a logical development
sequence from plan formulation to programme and implementation will underpin the
execution of the duties. Accordingly, the scope of work for this task team is structured as
follows:
6.1. Responsibilities of IFS




To co-ordinate and supervise the general operational policy for the Programme
Approve consolidated Provincial Annual Work Plan and Budget for food security
interventions
Review Quarterly and Annual Reports on food security produced by Core –
Members
Provide Reports on progress to the EXCO Legotla.
6.2. Deliverables



No more than 5% of the population should experience hunger,
No more than 10% of the population should experience inadequate access to food,
and
No more than 13% per cent should live in poverty.
Page 63
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Annexure 2: LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN LOGFRAME
Objectives
Indicators
Goal: To reduce food insecurity in the province by
half the 2011 levels by 2030.
G1: reduction (%) in the number of people experiencing
hunger
G2: reduction (%) of the number of people experiencing
inadequate access to food
G3: reduction (%) in the number of people in poverty
Pillar 1 Outcome
1a % of supported farmers generating an income from
farming within three years
Increase the amount of land under sustainable
Agriculture.
Output 1.1 Farmers supported with inputs to
establish sustainable and profitable crop farming
Output 1.2 Farmers supported with inputs to
establish sustainable and profitable vegetable
farming
1b % supported farming families with improved food
security
1.1a % of supported farmers generating an income from
farming within three years
Means of Verification
Annual GHS data
1a+b Baseline and annual
surveys
Baseline and annual surveys
1.1b % supported farming families with improved food
security
1.2a % of supported farmers generating an income from
farming within three years
1.2b % supported farming families with improved food
Page 64
Baseline and annual surveys
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN LOGFRAME
Objectives
Indicators
Means of Verification
security
Output 1.3 Farmers supported with inputs to
establish sustainable and profitable poultry farming
Output 1.4 Farmers supported with inputs to
establish sustainable and profitable livestock
farming
Output 1.5 Farmers supported with inputs to
establish sustainable and profitable pig farming
Pillar 2 Outcome: Intensify establishment of
sustainable food gardens: Siyazondla
Output 2.1 Communities supported in the
establishment of food gardens
1.3a % of supported farmers generating an income from
farming within three years
Baseline and annual surveys
1.3b % supported farming families with improved food
security
1.4a % of supported farmers generating an income from
farming within three years
Baseline and annual surveys
1.4b % supported farming families with improved food
security
1.5a % of supported farmers generating an income from
farming within three years
Baseline and annual surveys
1.5b % supported farming families with improved food
security
2a % of supported communities and families generating
an income from farming within one year
Baseline and annual surveys
2b % supported communities and families with improved
food security
2.1a % of supported communities generating an income
from farming within one year
2.1b % supported communities with improved food
security
Page 65
Baseline and annual surveys
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN LOGFRAME
Objectives
Output 2.2 Households supported in the
establishment of food gardens
Indicators
2.1a % of supported families generating an income from
farming within one year
Means of Verification
Baseline and annual surveys
2.1b % supported families with improved food security
Pillar 3 Outcome: Intensify skills development &
training on sustainable food production.
3a % households with increased production
Output 3.1 Training of farmers and cooperatives on
more productive food production
3.1a.% farmers with increased production per unit
3b % households earning profit from agricultural activities
3.1.b % farmers with increased production levels
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Output 3.2 Training of farmers and cooperatives on
post harvest storage and processing
3.2 % farmers with reduced post-harvest losses
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Output 3.3 Training of farmers and cooperatives on
marketing (branding, advertising and sales)
3.3 % farmers with increase sales due to improved
marketing
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Output 3.4 Training of farmers and cooperatives on
finance and business skills
3.4 % farmers able to accurately report farm income, costs
and profit
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Output 3.5 Training of farmers and cooperatives on
food safety, bio security, standards and packaging
3.5 % farmers practicing food safety across the value
chain
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Output 3.6 Training of farmers and cooperatives on
3.6 % farmers able to accurately price products and
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
Page 66
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN LOGFRAME
Objectives
Indicators
Means of Verification
contracting, pricing, budgeting
record sales
learner ships
Output 3.7 Increase number of people benefitting
from learner ships with private business
3.7 Increasing number of completed learnerships per year
Surveys, pre- and post- tests
for all training modules and
learner ships
Pillar 4 Outcome: Accelerate facilitation of Access
to Finance & Markets for economic livelihood.
4a Increased volumes of produce marketed through these
channels
Baseline and annual surveys
4b Increased number of contacts active
4c Reduced breaks in supply
Output 4.1 Facilitate the establishment of long-term
contracts between producers and markets as an
outlet for smallholder and community and home
garden production
4.1a Increased volumes of produce marketed through
these channels
4.1b Increased number of contacts active
4.1c Reduced breaks in supply
Baseline and annual surveys
Output 4.2 Facilitate the establishment of
cooperatives to facilitate direct contracting of
smallholder and community and home garden
production
4.2a Increase number of cooperatives actively engaged in
direct contracting arrangements
Output 4.3 Engage food insecure people in public
works programmes (food/cash for work)
4.2a Improve the food security status of households
Pillar 5 Outcome: Mobilise Partnerships to
distribute nutritious & safe food for relief
Baseline and annual surveys
1a % of under-nourished children
1b % of children eating fewer meals than required per day
Page 67
Baseline and annual surveys
1a+b Baseline
surveys, GHS
and
annual
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN LOGFRAME
Objectives
Indicators
Means of Verification
1c % children not eating diversified diets regularly
Output 5.1 Improve the nutrition of pregnant and
breastfeeding women through nutrition education,
sound advice and supplementation at local clinics
6.1 reduction in the % of underweight babies
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
Output 5.2 Improve the nutrition of infants through
nutrition education, promotion of exclusive
breastfeeding for children between 0 and 6 months,
sound advice and supplementation at local clinics
6.2 % of under-nourished children
Output 5.3 Improve the quality of Early Childhood
Centre feeding programmes
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
6.3 % of under nourished children
Output 5.4 Improve the quality of school feeding
programmes and nutrition education at schools
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
6.4 % of under nourished children
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
6.5a % of under nourished children
Output 5.5 Promote the consumption of healthy
and nutritious diets among all beneficiaries of
government programmes in Gauteng
6.5b % of people eating fewer meals than required per
day
6.5c % people not eating diversified diets regularly
Output 5.6 Provide meals for those unable to
adequately feed themselves through direct
contracting of smallholders through soup kitchens
and targeted food parcels
6.6a % of under nourished children
6.6b % of people eating fewer meals than required per
day
6.6c % people not eating diversified diets regularly
Page 68
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN LOGFRAME
Objectives
Indicators
Means of Verification
Output 5.7 Provide meals for those unable to
adequately feed themselves through redistribution
of waste food in ways that do not undermine the
sustainable livelihoods of communities and the
viability of the food system.
6.7a % of under nourished children
Pillar 6 Outcome: Climate Smart Agriculture &
Water management
Promote and encourage farmers in adopting new
farming technologies
Provide regular early warning information to
farmers
7. % of farmers adopting new farming technologies
Baseline and annual surveys
7.1 % of farmers adopting new farming technologies
Baseline and annual surveys
7.2 % of early warning information distributed to farmers
GDARD annual reports
6.7b % of people eating fewer meals than required per
day
1a+b Baseline
surveys
and
annual
6.7c % people not eating diversified diets regularly
Page 69
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Annexure 3: GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY
Year
Total Y1
Y2
Y3
Y1- 3
Y4-6
Budget
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 150 000 000
R 152 400 000
Unit costs
at base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Overall Coordination
R 2 040 000
R 2 162 400
R 2 292 144
R 6 494 544
R 6 884 216
Output 1 Total
R 6 863 000
R 6 338 000
R 5 678 000
R 18 879 000
R 19 832 640
OBJECTIVES
Units
Establishment of crop farming
20
R 45 000
R 1 620 000
R 1 620 000
R 1 620 000
R 4 860 000
R 5 637 600
Establishment of vegetable farming
20
R 35 000
R 1 260 000
R 1 260 000
R 1 260 000
R 3 780 000
R 4 384 800
Establishment of poultry farming
12
R 65 000
R 780 000
R 780 000
R 780 000
R 2 340 000
R 2 714 400
Establishment of livestock farming
12
R 80 000
R 960 000
R 960 000
R 960 000
R 2 880 000
R 3 340 800
Establishment of pig farming
12
R 49 000
R 588 000
R 588 000
R 588 000
R 1 764 000
R 2 046 240
Extension re-training
Research on current projects to identify key
constraints, factors for success and technology gaps
Establishing critical thresholds for profitability and
farmer capacity – what size operations should be
supported to generate sustainable profit
Mapping of smallholders, land types, land use, natural
resources, soil types etc.
25
R 14 000
R 350 000
R 700 000
R 350 000
R 1 400 000
R 1 624 000
1
R 230 000
R 230 000
R 230 000
1
R 200 000
R 140 000
R 60 000
R 400 000
1
R 200 000
R 1 000
000
R 865 000
R 50 000
R 50 000
R 965 000
R 50 000
M&E
1
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 30 000
R 34 800
R 5 857 000
R 7 507 000
R 7 482 000
R 20 846 000
R 23 477 360
R 300 000
R 300 000
R 300 000
R 900 000
R 1 044 000
Output 2 Total
Establishment of community gardens
150
Establishment of household gardens
3 000
R 100
R 300 000
R 450 000
R 675 000
R 1 425 000
R 1 653 000
Skills development for beneficiaries
3 000
R 1 000
R 3 000 000
R 4 500 000
R 4 500 000
R 12 000 000
R 13 920 000
21
R 7 000
R 147 000
R 147 000
R 147 000
R 441 000
R 511 560
4 500
R 400
R 1 800 000
R 1 800 000
R 1 800 000
R 5 400 000
R 6 264 000
Re-training of extension staff
Nutrition training for beneficiaries
R 2 000
R 460 000
Page 70
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY
Year
Total Y1
Y2
Y3
Y1- 3
Y4-6
Budget
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 150 000 000
R 152 400 000
Units
Unit costs
at base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Identification of the ‘best package’ for home and
community gardens to provide nutritious food all year
round
Mapping of land types, land use, natural resources,
soil types etc.
1
R 200 000
R 200 000
R 200 000
1
R 100 000
R 100 000
R 100 000
R 50 000
R 250 000
R 50 000
M&E
1
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 30 000
R 34 800
R 7 490 000
R 7 490 000
R 7 360 000
R 22 340 000
R 25 612 800
OBJECTIVES
Output 3 Total
Training of farmers and cooperatives on more
productive food production
Training of farmers and cooperatives on post-harvest
storage and processing
Training of farmers and cooperatives on marketing
(branding, advertising and sales)
Training of farmers and cooperatives on finance and
business skills
Training of farmers and cooperatives on food safety,
bio security, standards and packaging
Training of farmers and cooperatives on contracting,
pricing, budgeting
Increase number of people benefitting from learner
ships with private business
Identification of capacity gaps among different
beneficiary groups
R 400 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1 050
R 1 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 1 050 000
R 3 150 000
R 3 654 000
1
R 80 000
R 80 000
R 80 000
R 160 000
Survey of existing training offerings
1
R 50 000
R 50 000
R 50 000
R 100 000
M&E
1
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 30 000
R 34 800
R 8 120 000
R 6 120 000
R 5 760 000
R 20 000 000
R 17 624 080
Output 4 Total
Value chain analysis for various commodities and
different farmer types
20
R 100 000
R 2 000 000
Facilitation of direct contracting
90
R 5 000
R 450 000
R 450 000
R 450 000
R 1 350 000
R 1 600 000
Cooperative formation support and training
90
R 5 000
R 450 000
R 450 000
R 450 000
R 1 350 000
R 1 539 280
Page 71
R 2 000 000
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY
Year
Total Y1
Y2
Y3
Y1- 3
Y4-6
Budget
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 150 000 000
R 152 400 000
Units
Unit costs
at base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
4 800
R 1 000
R 4 800 000
R 4 800 000
R 4 800 000
R 14 400 000
R 14 400 000
Farm typology and farmer typology
1
R 100 000
R 100 000
R 100 000
Market research to identify opportunities
1
R 210 000
R 210 000
R 210 000
R 50 000
R 470 000
R 50 000
M&E
1
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 10 000
R 30 000
R 34 800
Cost benefit analysis to identify the best options
Beneficiary analysis to identify the best value for
money projects
1
R 240 000
R 240 000
R 240 000
R 278 400
1
R 240 000
R 240 000
R 46 020
R 286 020
R 331 783
Identification of projects and beneficiaries
1
R 624 000
R 624 000
R 661 440
R 701 126
R 1 986 566
R 2 304 417
M&E
1
R 5 000
R 5 000
R 5 000
R 5 000
R 15 000
R 17 400
R 12 426 000
R 15 794 240
R 16 637 476
R 44 857 716
R 44 060 834
OBJECTIVES
Training of farmers as per Output 3 activities
Output 5 Total
Nutrition education, sound advice and
supplementation at local clinics
Nutrition education, promotion of exclusive
breastfeeding for children between 0 and 6 months,
sound advice and supplementation at local clinics
Improve the quality of Early Childhood Centre feeding
programmes
Improve the quality of school feeding programmes
and nutrition education at schools
Promote the consumption of healthy and nutritious
diets among all beneficiaries of government
programmes in Gauteng
Provide meals for those unable to adequately feed
themselves through direct contracting of smallholders
through soup kitchens and targeted food parcels
Provide meals for those unable to adequately feed
themselves through redistribution of waste food in
ways that do not undermine the sustainable
livelihoods of communities and the viability of the food
system.
R 300 000
20 000
R 50
R 1 000 000
R 1 060 000
R 1 123 600
R 3 183 600
R 3 183 600
20 000
R 50
R 1 000 000
R 1 060 000
R 1 123 600
R 3 183 600
R 3 183 600
18
R 146 000
R 2 628 000
R 4 178 520
R 4 429 231
R 11 235 751
R 11 235 751
18
R 146 000
R 2 628 000
R 4 178 520
R 4 429 231
R 11 235 751
R 11 235 751
30 000
R 10
R 300 000
R 318 000
R 337 080
R 955 080
R 955 080
15
R 146 000
R 2 190 000
R 2 387 100
R 2 530 326
R 7 107 426
R 7 107 426
15
R 146 000
R 2 190 000
R 2 387 100
R 2 530 326
R 7 107 426
R 7 107 426
Page 72
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY
Year
Total Y1
Y2
Y3
Y1- 3
Y4-6
Budget
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 50 000 000
R 150 000 000
R 152 400 000
Units
Unit costs
at base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
1
R 100 000
R 100 000
R 100 000
1
R 130 000
R 265 000
1
R 110 000
R 110 000
R 110 000
R 119 081
R 339 081
1
R 15 000
R 15 000
R 15 000
R 15 000
R 45 000
R 52 200
R 300 000
R 300 000
R 300 000
R 900 000
R 1 500 000
R0
R 50 000
R 50 000
R 50 000
R0
R 50 000
OBJECTIVES
Estimation of the minimum cost of a balanced
nutritious diet
Assessment of current programmes for nutritional
value and impact
Investigating the impact of food banks on local and
provincial economies to identify the best models and
avoid destroying sustainable rural livelihoods and the
national food security foundations
M&E
R 200 000
R 265 000
Output 6 Total
Promote and encourage farmers in adopting
farming technologies
new
900
R 50 000
R 50 000
6000
R 50 000
R 50 000
Provide regular early warning information to farmers
Page 73
R 50 000
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY Cont...
Year
Y4-6
Y7-9
Y10 - 12
Y13 - 15
Y16 - 18
Y19 - 21
Budget
R 152 400 000
R 176 784 000
R 205 069 440
R 237 880 550
R 275 941 437
R 320 092 068
Unit costs at
base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
R 19 832 640
R 23 005 862
R 26 686 800
R 30 956 688
R 35 909 759
R 41 655 320
OBJECTIVES
Units
Output 1 Total
Establishment of crop farming
Establishment of vegetable
farming
36
R 45 000
R 4 637 600
R 5 539 616
R 6 585 955
R 7 799 707
R 9 207 660
R 10 840 886
36
R 35 000
R 4 384 800
R 5 086 368
R 5 900 187
R 6 844 217
R 7 939 291
R 9 209 578
Establishment of poultry farming
Establishment of livestock
farming
12
R 65 000
R 2 714 400
R 3 148 704
R 3 652 497
R 4 236 896
R 4 914 799
R 5 701 167
12
R 80 000
R 3 340 800
R 3 875 328
R 4 495 380
R 5 214 641
R 6 048 984
R 7 016 821
Establishment of pig farming
12
R 49 000
R 2 046 240
R 2 373 638
R 2 753 421
R 3 193 968
R 3 705 003
R 4 297 803
Extension re-training
Research on current projects to
identify key constraints, factors
for success and technology
gaps
Establishing critical thresholds
for profitability and farmer
capacity – what size operations
should be supported to
generate sustainable profit
Mapping of smallholders, land
types, land use, natural
resources, soil types etc.
25
R 14 000
R 1 624 000
R 1 883 840
R 2 185 254
R 2 534 895
R 2 940 478
R 3 410 955
1
R 230 000
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
1
R 200 000
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
1
R 1 000 000
R 50 000
R 58 000
R 67 280
R 78 045
R 90 532
R 105 017
M&E
1
R 10 000
R 34 800
R 40 368
R 46 827
R 54 319
R 63 010
R 73 092
R 23 477 360
R 27 233 738
R 31 591 136
R 36 645 717
R 42 509 032
R 49 310 477
Output 2 Total
Establishment of community
gardens
Establishment of household
gardens
Skills development for
beneficiaries
150
R 2 000
R 1 044 000
R 1 211 040
R 1 404 806
R 1 629 575
R 1 890 307
R 2 192 757
3 000
R 100
R 1 653 000
R 1 917 480
R 2 224 277
R 2 580 161
R 2 992 987
R 3 471 865
3 000
R 1 000
R 13 920 000
R 16 147 200
R 18 730 752
R 21 727 672
R 25 204 100
R 29 236 756
Page 74
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY Cont...
Year
Y4-6
Y7-9
Y10 - 12
Y13 - 15
Y16 - 18
Y19 - 21
Budget
R 152 400 000
R 176 784 000
R 205 069 440
R 237 880 550
R 275 941 437
R 320 092 068
Units
Unit costs at
base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
21
R 7 000
R 511 560
R 593 410
R 688 355
R 798 492
R 926 251
R 1 074 451
4 500
R 400
R 6 264 000
R 7 266 240
R 8 428 838
R 9 777 453
R 11 341 845
R 13 156 540
1
R 200 000
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
1
R 100 000
R 50 000
R 58 000
R 67 280
R 78 045
R 90 532
R 105 017
1
R 10 000
R 34 800
R 40 368
R 46 827
R 54 319
R 63 010
R 73 092
R 25 612 800
R 29 710 848
R 34 464 584
R 39 978 917
R 46 375 544
R 53 795 631
OBJECTIVES
Re-training of extension staff
Nutrition training for
beneficiaries
Identification of the ‘best
package’ for home and
community gardens to provide
nutritious food all year round
Mapping of land types, land
use, natural resources, soil
types etc.
M&E
Output 3 Total
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on more
productive food production
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on post harvest
storage and processing
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on marketing
(branding, advertising and
sales)
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on finance and
business skills
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on food safety, bio
security, standards and
packaging
Training of farmers and
cooperatives on contracting,
pricing, budgeting
Increase number of people
benefitting from learner ships
with private business
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
1 050
R 1 000
R 3 654 000
R 4 238 640
R 4 916 822
R 5 703 514
R 6 616 076
R 7 674 648
Page 75
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY Cont...
Year
Y4-6
Y7-9
Y10 - 12
Y13 - 15
Y16 - 18
Y19 - 21
Budget
R 152 400 000
R 176 784 000
R 205 069 440
R 237 880 550
R 275 941 437
R 320 092 068
Units
Unit costs at
base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Identification of capacity gaps
among different beneficiary
groups
Survey of existing training
offerings
1
R 80 000
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
1
R 50 000
M&E
1
R 10 000
OBJECTIVES
Output 4 Total
Value chain analysis for various
commodities and different
farmer types
Facilitation of direct contracting
Cooperative formation support
and training
Training of farmers as per
Output 3 activities
Farm typology and farmer
typology
Market research to identify
opportunities
M&E
Cost benefit analysis to identify
the best options
Beneficiary analysis to identify
the best value for money
projects
Identification of projects and
beneficiaries
M&E
Output 5 Total
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R 34 800
R 40 368
R 46 827
R 54 319
R 63 010
R 73 092
R 17 624 080
R 20 443 933
R 23 714 962
R 27 509 356
R 31 910 853
R 37 016 589
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
20
R 100 000
90
R 5 000
R 1 600 000
R 1 856 000
R 2 152 960
R 2 497 434
R 2 897 023
R 3 360 547
90
R 5 000
R 1 539 280
R 1 785 565
R 2 071 255
R 2 402 656
R 2 787 081
R 3 233 014
4 800
R 1 000
R 14 400 000
R 16 704 000
R 19 376 640
R 22 476 902
R 26 073 207
R 30 244 920
1
R 200 000
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
1
R 210 000
R 50 000
R 58 000
R 67 280
R 78 045
R 90 532
R 105 017
1
R 10 000
R 34 800
R 40 368
R 46 827
R 54 319
R 63 010
R 73 092
1
R 240 000
R 278 400
R 322 944
R 374 615
R 434 553
R 504 082
R 584 735
1
R 240 000
R 331 783
R 384 869
R 446 447
R 517 879
R 600 740
R 696 858
1
R 624 000
R 2 304 417
R 2 673 124
R 3 100 824
R 3 596 955
R 4 172 468
R 4 840 063
1
R 5 000
R 17 400
R 20 184
R 23 413
R 27 160
R 31 505
R 36 546
R 44 060 834
R 51 972 990
R 61 018 395
R 71 479 201
R 83 743 358
R 97 142 295
Page 76
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY Cont...
Year
Y4-6
Y7-9
Y10 - 12
Y13 - 15
Y16 - 18
Y19 - 21
Budget
R 152 400 000
R 176 784 000
R 205 069 440
R 237 880 550
R 275 941 437
R 320 092 068
Units
Unit costs at
base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
20 000
R 50
R 3 183 600
R 3 692 976
R 4 283 852
R 5 269 269
R 6 112 351
R 7 090 328
20 000
R 50
R 3 183 600
R 3 692 976
R 4 283 852
R 5 367 131
R 6 225 871
R 7 222 011
18
R 146 000
R 11 235 751
R 13 033 471
R 15 118 827
R 17 537 839
R 20 343 893
R 23 598 916
18
R 146 000
R 11 235 751
R 13 895 893
R 16 848 963
R 19 544 797
R 22 671 965
R 26 299 479
30 000
R 10
R 955 080
R 1 107 893
R 1 285 156
R 1 490 781
R 1 729 305
R 2 005 994
15
R 146 000
R 7 107 426
R 8 244 614
R 9 563 752
R 11 093 953
R 12 868 985
R 14 928 023
15
R 146 000
R 7 107 426
R 8 244 614
R 9 563 752
R 11 093 953
R 12 996 470
R 15 075 906
1
R 100 000
R0
R0
R0
R 300 000
R 348 000
1
R 130 000
R0
R0
R0
R 300 000
R 348 000
1
R 110 000
R0
R0
R0
R 100 000
R 116 000
OBJECTIVES
Nutrition education, sound
advice and supplementation at
local clinics
Nutrition education, promotion
of exclusive breastfeeding for
children between 0 and 6
months, sound advice and
supplementation at local clinics
Improve the quality of Early
Childhood Centre feeding
programmes
Improve the quality of school
feeding programmes and
nutrition education at schools
Promote the consumption of
healthy and nutritious diets
among all beneficiaries of
government programmes in
Gauteng
Provide meals for those unable
to adequately feed themselves
through direct contracting of
smallholders through soup
kitchens and targeted food
parcels
Provide meals for those unable
to adequately feed themselves
through redistribution of waste
food in ways that do not
undermine the sustainable
livelihoods of communities and
the viability of the food system.
Estimation of the minimum cost
of a balanced nutritious diet
Assessment of current
programmes for nutritional value
and impact
Investigating the impact of food
banks on local and provincial
Page 77
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
GAUTENG 20 YEAR FOOD SECURITY PLAN BUDGET SUMMARY Cont...
Year
Y4-6
Y7-9
Y10 - 12
Y13 - 15
Y16 - 18
Y19 - 21
Budget
R 152 400 000
R 176 784 000
R 205 069 440
R 237 880 550
R 275 941 437
R 320 092 068
Units
Unit costs at
base
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
1
R 15 000
R 52 200
R 60 552
R 70 240
R 81 479
R 94 515
R 109 638
6900
R1 000 000
R 1 000 000
R 1 000 000
R 1 000 000
R 1 000 000
R 21 163 240
R 24 549 358
900
R 500 000
R 500 000
R 500 000
R 500 000
R 500 000
R 500 000
R 500 000
6000
R 500 000
R 500 000
R0
R 500 000
R 500 000
R 500 000
120 000
R 120 000
R 35 000
R 40 600
R 47 096
R 54 631
R 63 372
R 73 512
OBJECTIVES
economies to identify the best
models and avoid destroying
sustainable rural livelihoods and
the national food security
foundations
M&E
Output 6 Total
Promote
and
encourage
farmers in adopting
new
farming technologies
Provide regular early warning
information to farmers
Training on Reporting skills
Page 78
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Annexure 4: GEYODI
GEYODI TEMPLATE
OUTCOME: : VIBRANT, EQUITABLE AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL COMMUNITIES AND FOOD SECURITY FOR ALL
OUTPUT:
ACTIVITY:
INDICATOR:
3
YEAR
TARGET:
GENDER
Production input supplied to
smallholders and subsistence
producers
Provide support to farmers with
production inputs
Number of farmers supplied with
production input
70
YOUTH
Production input supplied to
smallholders and subsistence
producers
Provide support to farmers with
production inputs
Number of youth farmers supplied
with production input
30
PWDs
Production input supplied to
smallholders and subsistence
producers
Provide support to farmers with
production inputs
Number of PWD farmers supplied
with production input
8
Number of household and food
garden established
4000
Number of household and food
garden established
2100
Number of household and food
garden established
50
TARGETED
GROUP:
Pillar 1
Pillar 2
GENDER
YOUTH
PWD
Established household and
community food gardens
Established household and
community food gardens
Established household and
community food gardens
Support household and community
in establishing food gardens
Support household and community
in establishing food gardens
Support household and community
in establishing food gardens
Page 79
CYCLE
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 3
GENDER
Capacity building of farmers
Number of farmers trained
5500
Training of farmers
YOUTH
Capacity building of farmers
Training of farmers
Number of farmers trained
1800
PWD
Capacity building of farmers
Training of farmers
Number of farmers trained
50
GENDER
Farmers accessed markets
Facilitate market access
Number of farmers link to markets
150
YOUTH
Farmers accessed markets
Facilitate market access
Number of farmers link to markets
40
PWD
Farmers accessed markets
Facilitate market access
Number of farmers link to markets
10
GENDER
On or off farm infrastructure
developed for farmers
Provide support on or off
infrastructure to farmers
Number of farmers supported with
on or off infrastructure
200
YOUTH
On or off farm infrastructure
developed for farmers
Provide support on or off
infrastructure to farmers
Number of farmers supported with
on or off infrastructure
89
PWD
On or off farm infrastructure
developed for farmers
Number of farmers supported with
on or off infrastructure
5
Number of nutritional feeding
scheme established
50 007
Pillar 4
Pillar 5
Provide support on or off
infrastructure to farmers
Pillar 6
GENDER
Established and strengthened
nutritional feeding scheme
Provide nutrition education.
Page 80
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Promotion of exclusive
Number of nutritional feeding
breastfeeding for children between 0 scheme strengthened
and 6 months
Number of nutritional education
provided
Improve the quality of school feeding
programmes
YOUTH
Established and strengthened
nutritional feeding scheme
Provide nutrition education.
Number of nutritional feeding
scheme established
19 000
Number of nutritional feeding
Promotion of exclusive
scheme strengthened
breastfeeding for children between 0
and 6 months
Number of nutritional education
provided
Improve the quality of school feeding
programmes
PWD
Established and strengthened
nutritional feeding scheme
Provide nutrition education.
Promotion of exclusive
breastfeeding for children between 0
and 6 months
Improve the quality of school feeding
programmes
Page 81
Number of nutritional feeding
scheme established
1066
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
PREFERENTIAL PROCUREMENT Decent employment through inclusive economy
TARGETED
GROUP:
OUTPUT:
ACTIVITY:
INDICATOR:
THREE YEAR CYCLE
TARGET:
GENDER
Economic empowerment for women
Preferential procurement
opportunities for women
% procurement from women
owned/managed companies
60%
YOUTH
Economic empowerment for youth
Preferential procurement
opportunities for youth
% procurement from youth
owned/managed companies
20%
PWDS
Economic empowerment for PWDs
Preferential procurement
opportunities for PWDs
% procurement from disability
owned/managed companies
10%
JOB CREATION
Decent employment through inclusive economy: Agriculture
OUTPUT:
ACTIVITY:
INDICATOR:
THREE YEAR CYCLE
TARGET
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
900
PWDs
Employment opportunities offered
Number of PWDs employed
40
Youth
Employment opportunities offered
Number of youth employed
40
TARGETED
GROUP:
Pillar 1
Gender
Page 82
Gauteng 20 Year Food Security Plan
Pillar 2
Gender
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
1600
PWDs
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
50
Youth
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
600
Gender
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
3000
PWDs
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
210
Youth
Job opportunities created
Employment opportunities offered
Number of jobs created
800
Pillar 6
Page 83