HAN F E I Z I
The Man and the Work
BERTIL LUNDAHL
Stockholm East Asian Monographs No. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
PREFACE
ABBREVIATIONS
vii
ix
xi
1: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Xia, Shang, and Zhou
Towards a new administrative system
Economic changes
The development of a legal system
PHILOSOPHICAL BACKGROUND
The Confucians
The Mohists
TheDaoists
The teachings of Huang-Lao (|f =£)
The Legalists
Guan Zhong H #
ZiChan ^flg
DengXifflf/f
LiKui^ti
WuQi^gl
Shang Yang
fi&
ShenBuhaiE^lF
Shen Dao j£f IJ
Characteristics of Legalist thought
1
1
2
5
6
7
9
10
12
16
20
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
33
38
40
2: THE BIOGRAPHY OF HAN FEI
The year of his birth
Han Fei and his relationship to Xun Zi
Han Fei's mission to Qin
The situation for the state of Han
The King of Han's situation
Han Fei's situation
Thereasonfor his death
The year of his death
42
44
46
51
54
56
57
62
66
3: THE WORK HAN FEI ZI
The compiler and the amount ofjuan and pian
69
73
ill
The name of the work
The editions
The Qiandao f^jtt edition copied and printed by Wu Zi ^pjE
The Qiandao edition copied by Zhang Dunren JjtffciZ
The Qiandao edition copied by Qian Zeng | § |f (Shugu tang j£"£j|£ )
A comparison of the different copies of the Qiandao edition
The Daozang jUJIs edition
The Zhao Yongxian jfg^ W and Yuping jtjf^ editions
Other editions
Fragments preserved in other works
Chinese commentaries and translations
Japanese commentaries and translations
Translations into European languages
Bibliographies and indices
4: THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE WORK
THE AUTHENTICITY DEBATE
HuShi #]jg
Liang Qichao %&£M
Towards more systematic studies
Chen Qianjun W^^
RongZhaozu^H?§
Zhang Xincheng 3g/L>$(
Kimura Eiichi if.i&1$L—
Chen Qitian W&R
Pan Chonggui &MM
Other works from the 1960s up to the present times
SOME GENERAL PROBLEMS CONCERNING THE AUTHENTICITY
OF THE WORK
What is meant by authentic?
The role of the disciples and the followers of Han Fei's school
Inconsistencies
Terms that have been considered dubious
Purpose, form, and style
Different stages in the development of Han Fei's thought?
Were some chapters written during early Han?
The quotations from the Lao Zi in the two works
The fusion of Legalist and Daoist thought
IV
74
75
77
77
78
78
79
80
81
82
83
86
89
90
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
10
°
101
102
1 04
105
107
107
108
110
113
122
124
125
128
129
Grammar
Rhymes
Taboos
Han Fei's relationship to Daoism
The Shiji and the Han Fei Zi
5: THE AUTHENTIC CHAPTERS
CHAPTERS FOR WHICH THERE IS EXTERNAL EVIDENCE
TO SUPPORT HAN FEI'S AUTHORSHIP
Wu du
2L§J
Xian xue $jtl|§
Gufen Hifft
Shui nan |j£ij£
Nei wai chushuo $J^H§fg%
Shuolinf&jvfc
The four "Nan" chapters: W~~ » WL— * W=- » 18123
HAN FEI'S PREDECESSORS
AND THE CENTRAL IDEAS IN HIS SYSTEM OF THOUGHT
Ding fa ^ &
Nan shi |ilf£
THE DIFFICULTIES IN PERSUADING THE RULER
Nan yan J$|]tf
He shi fa j&
SELF-DEFEATING BEHAVIOR AND DOUBLE STANDARDS
Guishi HHUi
Liu fan A S
Bashuo A i £
Wenbian f&Sffifc
DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR PRAISED BY THE WORLD
Zhong xiao J S ^
THE THREATENED RULER
AND THE WAY HE SHOULD COPE WITH THE THREATS
Ai chen 3 ? E
Youdu 'ffilc
Er bing — ^
Bajian A ^
Jian jie shi chen ^ S ] ^ E
San shou H ^
Bei nei Hi ft
Nan mian ^ ®
Chi xie ^fe5FB
131
132
134
136
137
139
139
139
141
142
143
146
153
154
158
158
161
163
163
165
167
167
167
169
170
171
171
173
174
175
179
182
184
185
186
187
189
Bajing A.M.
192
194
PORTENTS OF RUIN TO BE OBSERVED BY THE RULER
Wang zheng "£f&
CHAPTERS HAVING A DAOIST TONE WHICH ARE
WRITTEN BY HAN FEI
Zhudao i j f
Yang quan WiM (Yang que £ & )
CHAPTERS COMPILED BY FOLLOWERS OF HAN FEI
Renzhu A £
WenTian f^ffl
A CHAPTER CONTAINING HAN FEI'S WORDS
BUT PROBABLY NOT COMPILED BY MEMBERS OF HIS SCHOOL
CunHan^fl
6: CHAPTERS THAT ARE NOT AUTHENTIC
ChujianQin^J!^
Shi guo +3®
CHAPTERS 20-21
197
197
198
198
202
207
207
208
209
209
CHAPTERS 24-29
Guanxing | | ^ T
Anwei^jg;
Shoudao^jf
Yongren^A
Gongming jtjig
210
210
215
218
219
235
241
246
247
250
25
°
255
Dating
257
Conclusive remarks
CHAPTERS 53-55
Chi Ling
CONCLUSION
258
260
260
263
264
265
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
INDEX
268
290
296
ft^
VI