CO
GBIF
Country Report
Global Biodiversity
Information Facility
12-month report
ending 31 December 2016
Colombia
This report provides a series of summary charts, statistics and other details about the mobilization and use of open-access
species data through the GBIF network at global and national scales. These metrics represent change over the past 12
months, unless otherwise noted. Taken together, the elements of this report can help guide and measure progress toward the
information needs for national and international commitments on biodiversity and sustainable development.
> Access and usage
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
229
2011
2010
2009
2008
52
430
Researchers from
407
Colombia
350
249
contributed to
14
169
peer-reviewed articles citing GBIF use
during this reporting period
and a total of
148
89
71
articles since 2008
Figure 1. Number of peer-reviewed publications citing use of
global GBIF-mediated data
> Data availability in Colombia
Animalia
Plantae
2,311,313
2,194,604
occurrences
occurrences
+ 39%
+ 59%
+ 40%
occurrences
Protozoa
37,779
Bacteria
2,425
?
Fungi
Virus
1,183
Unknown
4,558
occurrences
+ 10%
Chromista
6
Archaea
24,079
5
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
+ 1%
+ 14%
0%
+ 7%
0%
> Data mobilization
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Colombia
published
4,122,621
new occurrence records
during this reporting period
for a total of
6,227,300
occurrence records

Institutions from
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Figure 2. Number of records published by institutions
in Colombia, categorized by kingdom
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2|8
Access and usage
Web traffic on GBIF.org from Colombia
Rank
City
No. of sessions
% of total traffic
Colombia
1
Bogota
19,170
1.22%
accounted for
2
Medellin
5,252
0.33%
43,256
3
Cali
4,068
0.26%
2.75%
4
Barranquilla
1,609
0.10%
5
Ibague
1,405
0.09%
user sessions representing
of all traffic on GBIF.org
during the reporting period
Table 1. Top five cities by number of sessions
in Colombia
1000
500
0
Figure 3. Number of sessions by week originating
in Colombia
Worldwide
National
National portal
1,574,854
43,256
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Pages per session
4.46
5.70
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Avg. session duration
7:06
10:04
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Bounce rate
61.94
57.07
-
% of new sessions
63.43
61.09
-
User sessions
Table 2. Comparative view of web traffic for GBIF.org from users worldwide, from Colombia
and to the country’s national portal (where available)
3|8
Access and usage
Data downloads on GBIF.org from users in Colombia
2
−1
16
−1
1
20
16
−1
0
20
16
−0
9
20
16
−0
8
20
16
−0
7
20
16
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6
20
16
−0
5
20
16
−0
4
20
16
−0
3
20
16
−0
2
20
16
of all downloads
during the reporting period
0
20
5.2%
Records downloaded (in millions)
download requests representing
100
1
5,464
−0
made
200
16
Colombia
300
20
Users from
Figure 4. Number of occurrence records downloaded via GBIF.org
published by institutions in Colombia
Recent peer-reviewed articles using GBIF-mediated data
by co-authors based in Colombia
The GBIF Secretariat maintains and reports on an ongoing literature tracking programme, giving priority to substantive uses
of GBIF-mediated data in peer-reviewed literature while identifying the countries of the authors’ institutional affiliations. The
citations below represent the five most recent journal articles with at least one co-author from this country.
Those interested in assisting the Secretariat in identifying additional peer-reviewed uses of GBIF-mediated data may forward
relevant citations to [email protected].
Correa Ayram, Mendoza, Etter & Pérez Salicrup (2017)
Anthropogenic impact on habitat connectivity: A
multidimensional human footprint index evaluated in a highly
biodiverse landscape of Mexico Ecological Indicators. 72:895909.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.09.007
Alimi, Fuller, Herrera et al. (2016) A multi-criteria decision
analysis approach to assessing malaria risk in northern South
America. BMC public health. 16(1):221.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2902-7
Arias-Alzate, González-Maya, Arroyo-Cabrales & Martínez-Meyer
(2016) Wild Felid Range Shift Due to Climatic Constraints in the
Americas: a Bottleneck Explanation for Extinct Felids? Journal
of Mammalian Evolution. 1-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-016-9350-0
Bacon, Look, Gutiérrez-Pinto et al. (2016) Species limits,
geographical distribution and genetic diversity in
Johannesteijsmannia (Arecaceae) Botanical Journal of the
Linnean Society.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12470
Cadena, Pedraza & Brumfield (2016) Climate, habitat
associations and the potential distributions of Neotropical
birds: Implications for diversification across the Andes Revista
de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y
Naturales. 40(155):275-287.
See all research from this country
http://www.gbif.org/country/CO/publications
4|8
Data availability
Total data available & annual percentage change for selected taxonomic groups in Colombia
Mammals
Birds
Bony fish
92,356
1,609,301
63,313
occurrences
112,144
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
+ 42%
+ 28%
+ 41%
+ 39%
Insects
Reptiles
332,635
Molluscs
46,142
19,591
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
+ 30%
+ 10%
+ 23%
Arachnids
Flowering plants
12,228
1,888,533
occurrences
Gymnosperms
Ferns
2,032
140,705
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
+ 54%
+ 161%
+ 80%
+ 31%
Mammals = class Mammalia
Birds = class Aves
Bony fish = superclass Osteichthyes
Amphibians = class Amphibia
Amphibians
Mosses
Sac fungi
94,624
34,223
Basidiomycota
2,913
occurrences
occurrences
occurrences
+ 109%
+ 44%
+ 15%
Insects = class Insecta
Reptiles = class Reptilia
Molluscs = phylum Mollusca
Arachnids = class Arachnida
Flowering plants = phylum
Magnoliophyta
Gymnosperms = superclass
Gymnospermae
Ferns = phylum Pteridophyta
Mosses = phylum bryophyta
Sac fungi = phylum Ascomycota
Basidiomycota = phylum Basidiomycota
Change over time in records about biodiversity in Colombia
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Figure 5. Occurrence records available about species occurring
in Colombia
WHY MIGHT THE AMOUNT OF MOBILIZED DATA DECREASE?
Datasets are sometimes removed by publishers, but more
often decreases in the number of records are due to the
removal of duplicate records and datasets.
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Figure 6. Species having occurrence records available
from Colombia
SPECIES COUNTS represent the number of binomial
scientific names for which GBIF has received data records,
organized as far as possible using synonyms recorded in key
databases like the Catalogue of Life.
5|8
Data availability
Change in taxonomic precision of records about biodiversity occurring in Colombia

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Figure 7. Taxonomic precision of specimen records occurring
in Colombia
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Figure 8. Taxonomic precision of observation records occurring
occurring in Colombia
These charts illustrate changes in the number of available records which include an identification at least to the species rank. The
numbers of records identified to an infraspecific rank or to a genus are also shown.
Change in geographic precision of records about species occurring in Colombia

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Figure 9. Geographic precision of specimen records occurring
in Colombia
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Figure 10. Geographic precision of observation records occurring
in Colombia
These charts illustrate changes in the number of available records which include coordinates for which no known issues have
been detected. For records without accepted valid coordinates, these charts also show the number of records for which the
country of occurrence is known.
See more trends in data about Colombia
http://www.gbif.org/analytics/country/CO/about
6|8
Data mobilization
Trends in biodiversity data published by national institutions in Colombia

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Figure 11. Completeness of specimen records published by
institutions from Colombia
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Figure 12. Completeness of observation records published by
institutions from Colombia
These charts illustrate changes over time in the number of records considered complete, here defined to include the following:
• identification at least to species rank
• full date of occurrence
• valid coordinates
• given basis of record (e.g. observation, specimen, etc.)
See more trends in data about Colombia
http://www.gbif.org/analytics/country/CO/published
Most recent datasets from publishers in Colombia
Lista de especies presentes en AICAS de Colombia. Checklist
Aves del Valle de Sibundoy, Alto Putumayo-Colombia.. Checklist
dataset. Updated 22 Dec, 2016. 107 records. Published by
dataset. Updated 22 Dec, 2016. 591 records. Published by
Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Sur de la Amazonia.
Humboldt.
Aves del piedemonte Andino-Amazónico, Putumayo-Colombia..
Checklist dataset. Updated 22 Dec, 2016. 1,258 records.
Published by Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Sur
de la Amazonia.
Aves de la Llanura Amazónica, Leguízamo, Putumayo-Colombia..
Checklist dataset. Updated 22 Dec, 2016. 767 records.
Published by Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Sur
de la Amazonia.
Flora de la sede Yerbabuena del Instituto Caro y Cuervo. Checklist
dataset. Updated 22 Dec, 2016. 196 records. Published by
Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von
Humboldt.
See all datasets
http://www.gbif.org/dataset/search?publishingCountry=CO
Newest publishers from Colombia
Asociación Colombiana de Ictiólgos
Viajeros del Orinoco
Corporación Autónoma Regional de la Orinoquia
Universidad del Quindío
See all publishers
http://www.gbif.org/country/CO/publishers
7|8
Data mobilization
Data sharing with country of origin by national institutions in Colombia


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●
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

Colombia
publishes data from
244

countries, territories and islands,
including
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




6,280,143
occcurrences in
314
occurrence datasets
Figure 13. Data sharing with country of origin
The chart above shows the number of records shared over time by publishers within the country, with separate colours for
records about species occurring within the country and those occurring in other countries.
Top data contributors about biodiversity in
Colombia
Top datasets contributing data about
Colombia
Rank
Country
No. of occurrences
1
Colombia
2,812,112
2
United States
1,462,448
3
Netherlands
87,087
4
Denmark
60,378
5
Germany
51,342
6
United Kingdom
28,156
7
Spain
22,847
8
Canada
20,797
9
France
12,972
10
Brazil
11,755
Table 3. Ranking of countries contributing data
about Colombia
See all contributing countries
http://www.gbif.org/country/CO/about/countries
EOD - eBird Observation Dataset. 833,661 occurrences in
Colombia (last updated 2016-11-23).
Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. 466,483 occurrences in
Colombia (last updated 2016-08-18).
DATAVES. 413,272 occurrences in Colombia (last updated
2016-08-18).
Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL). 321,744 occurrences in
Colombia (last updated 2016-12-19).
Tropicos Specimen Data. 190,056 occurrences in Colombia
(last updated 2016-08-18).
Segundo censo de plantas leñosas de una Parcela
Permanente de 25 hectáreas, ubicada en la Reserva Natural
La Planada (Nariño, Colombia). 177,494 occurrences in
See all contributing datasets
http://www.gbif.org/country/CO/about/datasets
GBIF
8|8
Global overview
Access and usage
Data availability
GBIF.org
702,911,384
species occurrence records from
30,712
datasets held by
862
1,019,546
provides access to
users visited GBIF.org during
1,576,984
sessions consuming
7,051,815
pageviews
during the reporting period
publishers
Data mobilization
Country
No. of occurrences
1
United States
83,774,897
2
Germany
15,837,819
3
United Kingdom
15,217,220
4
Netherlands
13,098,430
5
South Africa
9,630,896
6
Norway
4,519,715
7
Colombia
4,122,621
8
Denmark
4,048,381
9
Spain
3,175,906
10
Belgium
2,366,452
Winners of 2016 Ebbe Nielsen
Challenge focus on data gaps
and biases
Licensing milestone for open
access data in GBIF.org
photo by Frank Vassen
Rank
Recent news
23 African projects share
nearly €1 million in EU-funded
grants from BID: Biodiversity
Information for Development
Task group shares
recommendations on
improving GBIF-mediated data
for distribution modelling
Table 4. Top ten countries publishing new data
during the reporting period
See data for all countries
http://www.gbif.org/country
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